Advanced DAX
Functions and
Concepts in Power BI
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Shraddha Shukla
CALCULATE
Formula: CALCULATE(<expression>, <filter1>, <filter2>, ...)
The CALCULATE function modifies the filter context for a given expression. It
allows you to apply additional filters or conditions to a calculation.
Example: Calculate total sales for the year 2023, regardless of any filters on the
visual:
Total Sales 2023 =CALCULATE([Total Sales],FILTER('Date', 'Date'[Year] = 2023))
FILTER
Formula: FILTER(<table>, <condition>)
The FILTER function creates a new table with rows that satisfy a
specified condition.
Example: Calculate the number of products with sales greater
than $100:
High Sales Products =
COUNTROWS(FILTER('Products','Products'[Total Sales] > 10)))
ALL
Formula: ALL(<table/column>)
The ALL function removes filters from a specified table or
column, providing a way to evaluate calculations without certain
filters.
Example: Calculate the total sales ignoring any filters on the
'Category' column:
Total Sales (All Categories) = SUMX(ALL('Products'[Category]),
[Total Sales])
SUMX / AVERAGEX
Formula: SUMX(<table>, <expression>) / AVERAGEX(<table>,
<expression>)
These functions iterate through each row in a table, evaluate an
expression, and then aggregate the results.
Example: Calculate the total profit for each product and then
average the profits:
Average Profit per Product = AVERAGEX('Products',[Total Profit])
RELATED / RELATEDTABLE
Formula: RELATED(<column>) / RELATEDTABLE(<table>)
These functions retrieve values from related tables based on
established relationships.
Example: Calculate the average price of products in the related
'Product' table:
Average Related Price = AVERAGEX('Sales',
RELATED('Products'[Price]))
EARLIER
Formula: EARLIER(<expression>)
The EARLIER function is used to refer to a value in an outer
evaluation context, usually within iterating functions.
Example: Calculate the cumulative profit for each product up to
the current row:
Cumulative Profit = SUMX(FILTER('Products','Products'[Date] <=
EARLIER('Products'[Date])
),'Products'[Profit])
SWITCH
Formula: SWITCH(<expression>, <value1>, <result1>, <value2>,
<result2>, ...)
The SWITCH function is used for conditional logic similar to a
switch-case statement.
Example: Assign a category to sales based on ranges:
Sales Category =
SWITCH(
TRUE(),
[Total Sales] < 1000, "Low",
[Total Sales] < 5000, "Medium",
"High")
Shraddha Shukla
