Types of Rocks

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PRAYER

ATTENDANCE
LET'S PLAY A GAME!

Direction: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the


word related to our topic.
1. E M N I S T D A Y E R
2. G E N O S U C ORIK
3. H P C I M A E T M O
LESSON 2: ROCKS
Earth is a solid rock to a depth of 2,900 kilometers, where
mantle meets the liquid outer core. A rock is a naturally
occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals. The
aggregate minerals forming the rocks are held together by
chemical bonds. Grains can be different in color, texture, and
sizes.
Geologists then group rocks into three categories based on how
the rocks form: igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
rock. Petrology is the scientific study of rocks. Petrologists
classify rocks based on how they were formed
Three types of Rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary, Metmorphic
Igneous is formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or
molten material that originates deep within the earth.

Two types of Igneous rock:

A. Extrusive/Volcanic rock - forms when magma makes its way to


Earth’s surface as lava and then cools. The crystals are very small (fine
grained) since the cooling process is fast.
B. Intrusive/Plutonic - It cools slowly beneath the Earth surface and are
created by magma. The intrusive igneous rocks have very large crystals
(coarse grained).
And these are other examples of IGNEOUS ROCKS
Sedimentary rocks provide information about surface
conditions that existed in the Earth’s past.

-Particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of


materials called sediments, accumulate in layers and over
long period of time harden into rocks.

- Compaction-due to increase of pressure of layered


sediments it bind together to form the sedimentary rocks.
Three types of sedimentary rocks

a. Clastic Sedimentary rock - formed from accumulation of clasts: little pieces


of broken rocks and shells.
Examples: conglomerate, breccia, sandstone, shale

b. Chemical - formed when dissolved minerals precipitate from a solution.


Example: Halite - formed when a body of seawater becomes closed off and
evaporates.

c. Organic - rocks formed from the accumulation of animal debris


Example: Coal - composed of organic matter in the form of plants fragments.
Other SEDEMENTARY ROCKS
Metamorphic - forms from pre-existing rocks: either metamorphic, igneous,
sedimentary
Examples: Quartzite, marble, slate, phyllite

Metamorphism - transformation of one rock type into another.

2 types of metamorphism
1. Regional-due to changes in pressure and temperature over large region of
the crust
2. Contact-mainly by heat due to contact with magma

Classification:
a. Texture - refers to the size arrangement and grains within the rock.
b. Foliation - any planar arrangement of mineral grains or structural features
within the rock.
-Foliated means the parallel arrangement of certain
mineral grains that gives the rock a striped
appearance.

-Non Foliated means the minerals will appear to be


randomly oriented without obvious banding and have a
granular appearance, in other words the rock will be
rough
And these are the Example of Metamophic Rocks
Group 3

-THE END-

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