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Assignment Elective 1

Assignment likhne me madat hogi

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45 views2 pages

Assignment Elective 1

Assignment likhne me madat hogi

Uploaded by

K. Navin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Government Engineering College, Bhohjpur

&
Government Engineering College, Buxar
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Assignment-1

Branch- Electrical Engineering

Subject-Wind & Solar Energy System

Semester- 5th

Answer any 4 questions from section A, any 6 questions from section B and any 2
questions from section C.

Section A

1. Define solar irradiance, solar constant, extraterrestrial and terrestrial radiations.


What is the standard value of solar constant?
2. Define the terms: altitude angle, incident angle, zenith angle, solar azimuth angle,
latitude angle, declination angle, and hour angle with suitable diagrams.
3. Define beam, diffuse and global radiation. Derive an expression for total radiation on
an inclined surface.
4. Derive an expression for solar day length.
5. Estimate the value of average daily global radiation on horizontal surface during the
month of September in Chandigarh (30° 44’ N, 76° 47’ E, and elevation of 321 m above
sea level). The average sunshine hours per day for the month of September may be
assumed as 9.5 h. Also, estimate the monthly average of the hourly global radiation
on a horizontal surface during 9:00 to 10:00 hrs (LAT) for the month of September.
6. Calculate the number of daylight hours (day length) at Bangalore on 21 June and 21
December in a leap year. The latitude of Bangalore is 12° 58’ N.
Section B
7. Describe the principle of solar photovoltaic energy conversion.
8. Explain the I-V characteristics of a solar cell and define fill factor. What is the
significance of fill factor? Explain, how the variation of insolation and temperature
affects the I-V characteristics of a solar cell?
9. Explain the main features of different types of solar cells based on the active material
used in their fabrication.
10. What is the importance of MPPT in an SPV system? Explain various strategies used
for operation of an MPPT.
11. With the help of block diagrams explain the operations of stand-alone and grid
interactive SPV systems.
12. Draw and explain an equivalent circuit of a practical solar PV cell.
13. What is the effect of partial or complete shadowing of a cell in a module? How its effect
can be minimized?
14. A PV system feeds a dc motor to produce 1 hp power at the shaft. The motor efficiency
is 85%. Each module has 72 multi-crystalline silicon solar cells arranged in 10 × 10
matrix. The cell size is 125mm × 125mm and cell efficiency is 10%. Calculate the
number of modules required in the PV array. Assume global radiation incident
normally to the panel as 1 kW/m2.
15. A PV cell has open circuit voltage of 0.6V and short circuit current of 350 A/m2 at a
cell temperature of 40*C. Calculate the voltage and current density that maximize the
power of the cell. What will be the corresponding maximum power output per unit
cell area? What is the fill factor of the cell?
Section C
16. What range of wind speed is considered favorable for wind power generation? What
is the standard height for measurement of wind speed?
17. Using Betz model of a wind turbine, derive the expression for power extracted from
wind. What is the maximum theoretical power that can be extracted and under what
condition?
18. With the help of a diagram indicate the circulation of global winds. What are the forces
responsible for determining the speed and direction of global winds?

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