Why Descriptive is Game Changer in RBI Grade B exam?

Out of 300 Marks - 200 marks (100 - English + 50-50 in ESI and Finance) are from Descriptive section,
means 2/3rd from Descriptive and 1/3rd from Objective Section.
But a normal candidate, spends around 2/3rd time preparing for Objective section and not even 1/3rd for
Descriptive Section, now someone will say that even preparing for objective is also preparing for
Descriptive, yes but in actual it's only 30%. This is where a difference is created between a Non-UPSC and
UPSC.
Descriptive Skill is about - Your Content/Clarity about question, writing only which has been asked,
Completing the Paper within time, fewer grammatical and spelling mistakes. So without practice it's not
going to happen automatically, saying this based on experience. You will feel this once you clear mains and
haven't practiced anything before and RBI takes mains exam in 20-25 days which is not even bare
minimum days to practice and get command.
These days many people can type 2000 words in stipulated time, so it's not 2021 anymore, people have
made mindset and now they are completing so if you are not able to then definitely marks will be less.

So, what to do,

Step - 1. Don't think like once I will complete the syllabus, then practice, this could have worked 6
months before but not anymore. Write answers after completing the chapters, don't wait for the completion
of whole syllabus.
Step - 2. Know the format and Basics of Answer Writing and Descriptive English Writing. Generally,
in Answer writing we write in Points and in Essay we write in Paragraphs, although there is no such
rule except for Precis writing where you must write in single paragraph.
- Introduction - Body - Conclusion
- Inside Introduction of Answer, Start with Definition or Any related Data from any report you know.
- Same way in essay, you can start with Quote, Data, Definition.
- Don’t forget to conclude your essay and Answers.
Step - 3. Word Limit - You should stick to word limit, as you shouldn't cross it and also there may be
people whose typing speed is not so good, for them writing all the 4 answers are must so maintain 80%-
word limit or 75% for all questions so that you can complete the paper within time.
Step - 4. Read the Questions carefully, understand it and then write, many a times, questions are in
multiple part and demands information related to all the parts equally but we miss 1 or more parts and
ultimately lose marks. Also people address one part really well and either leave one part unaddressed or
provide insufficient information, means 6-7 points under one sub-heading and only 2-3 points under other. It
is not a good practice; you need to make your answer uniform by addressing all parts of answer in a similar
way.
Step - 5. Fix time for each question based on given time, like 25 min each for 15 marks and 20 min
each for 10 marks questions and you should read the question, understand it, make a model, and then
answer under this time only. Make a mindset, I will not exceed this time limit, whatever written I will
conclude it within decided time (it may sound wrong but with practice you will start completing the questions
on time), but there are some exceptions also like I know answers of 2-3 questions really well and not sure
about 1 question in that case you need to make you write those 2-3 questions beautifully and at the same
time provide some related information for other question also. (You can’t leave any question).
Step - 6. Proofreading - Under 25 min or 20 min, you also need to devote 2-3 mins for checking
grammatical or spelling mistakes in your answers or essay. This should be must do activity, but you can do
it only when you have good speed otherwise you won't be able to do this activity as you will be always short
of time.
Step - 7. In Descriptive English - Essay is only 40 Marks and rest 60 Marks comes from Precis and
Reading Comprehension, so in the name of practice do just keep practicing essay and be happy about it.

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 Frequently Asked Questions – Descriptive Answer Writing
Q. To stick or not to stick to word Limit.

Ans: As discussed in the Session, you shouldn't leave any question and for that if you have to cut word
Limit then you should surely do that. But don't leave any question half answered. Do sum it up by
concluding. If you don't conclude, then you automatically lose 1/4th of marks for that Question.

Q. Is it possible to type 2000 words in 90 min?

Ans: Yes it's very much Possible, last year many who got selected had written 2000 words and with
regular practice it's achievable and competition is such that if others are doing then you too will have to do
but remember even you don't type 2000 words but the quality of your answers are good, means you have
included facts, examples, latest news and reference of reports, connected it with SDG then Also you can
grab good marks. You shouldn't compromise with Quality of the content.

Q. What are things to do to make Answers attractive?

Ans:

• Incorporate bullet points, headings, subheading, symbolic flowcharts (e.g. a ->b ->c
horizontally or vertically) to make the answer more attractive and interesting for the evaluator.
• Give references (e.g. SDG references, WB, IMF reports) and data (RBI, GoI, International
institutions) and quotes (Intro and Conclusion primarily) for value addition and making your
answer stand apart from others.

Q. What should we focus on? Content, Word Limit or Completing All Questions.

Ans: Content is topmost priority, then competing All questions and then if possible word Limit.

Q. How to manage time in exams?

Ans: You should distribute total time per question, for say 25 min each for 15 marks and 20 min each for 10
marks. In 25 min too you should again divide time for different activities like 2 min for reading and
understanding the question, 1-2 min for drawing model on what to write, 3 min for introduction, 12-
13 min for Body, 2-3 min for conclusion and 2 min for proofreading. You Will have to practise these
from now itself.

Q. How evaluation is done? Manual or Automated

Ans: As per RTI reply, it is done manually.

Q. Types of Questions - Are they direct or indirect?

Ans: Till now in the past 2 years of papers, it has been mostly direct difficulty that has increased if we
compare the 2021 and 2022 paper. So, prepare accordingly.

Q. What are the Technical Difficulties in Exam?

Ans:

1. Small Interface in Exam (1/3)

2. Keyboards are not friendly; keys get stuck and take time to write
3. You can't or use bullet points.

Q. What are physical and mental difficulties?

Ans: The whole Phase II exam is very tiring, and you need a lot of energy and most importantly
regular practice and mindset for that day. You should think about that day and plan each and
everything. Writing 2000 words per paper under 90 minutes with exam stress and environment and
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after that writing an English paper of about 1000 words (total 5000 words in a day) is going to be very
tough for the mind, hands and body specially if one is not used to it.

Q. What to do, I can't think of content, don't get ideas?

Ans: Break the Questions as well as your answer in multiple parts and think 2-3 points and under
Each part, this way recalling information becomes easy. You can also use PESTEL, it stands for Political,
Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental & Legal. It is used in answers to touch upon a topic
from various perspectives/angles.

Q. What if I don't know the answer to any question? Should I leave that question?

Ans: leaving questions is not an option rather you start from now itself to generate creative thinking and
learn how to formulate answers based on the knowledge accumulated during preparation. .

Q. What do they generally check in Descriptive?

• Content Relevance and Clarity (50%)

• Content Format and Coherence (20%)
• Word Limit (20%)
• Grammar and Spelling (10%)

What to write in descriptive Answer Writing

I. Introduction - Facts from any related report + Definition + Recent context

II. Body - Directly start with sub - headings.

Importance
Pillars
Objectives/Significance
Drawbacks/Challenges/Limitation
Govt initiatives
Suggestions/Way Forward

III. Conclusion - End with positive Outlook, you can connect it with goals of SDG, inclusive growth etc. Even
though you can raise concern but only after giving positive Outlook but again end the paragraph with
positive outcome.

Note - Not all sub-heading can be written in all the Questions, decide based on asked question.

For facts you will have to remember data from various Reports published by Government as well as
UN and its organization.

You can also use Case study like for example they ask you write on Natural farming then you can use
example of Andhra Pradesh and how ZBNF is helping farmers there in increasing income. Similarly, if they
ask you about Export then you can give example of UP and how ODOP programs are helping in increasing
exports for example Kala Namak Rice (Buddha Rice from Sidharth Nagar)

Example: Q2: What is sustainable development? Give critical analysis of India’s approach to SDGs,
progress, and challenges.
Introduction - 3-4 Lines by giving standard definition of Sustainable development or starting with quote
followed by definition, including some data/facts by giving proper reference to report.

What will be the sub-headings?

India's commitment: NDC and Panchamrit

Initiative Launched by India: - NAPCC and 2-3 Other goal specific programs.

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Progress made by India: - Giving reference of NITI Aayog SDG India Index, UN SDG Report

Future challenges in achieving the SDGs: 3-4 points.

Conclusion

What are the Sources: -

For Essay - I have already given many topics for different exams available in channel as well as on my
website brajeshmohan.in, in future too I will keep giving topics.
For Answer Writing - There are two possible ways, one you should create 5-6 questions by yourself from
each chapter after completing and second you can also take questions from my website and also many
telegram channels created by those who have cleared or have experience about the exam.
For Precis: All the Editorial of The Hindu, BS, BL, Forbes etc are the content of Precis.
Tools - Notepad and Grammarly.

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 Model Answer by Brajesh Mohan
Management: Q. Explain how Maslow classified the needs of an Individual and discuss
merits and demerits of Maslow's theory of motivation (600 Words)
Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist, is known for his theory of motivation, also known as Maslow's
hierarchy of needs. According to Maslow, human needs are organized in a hierarchical structure, and they
influence an individual's behavior and motivation. The theory proposes that people have five levels of
needs, and they must satisfy each level before progressing to the next level.
Maslow classified the needs of an individual into five categories, which are as follows:
1. Physiological Needs: The first and most basic level of needs is physiological needs. These are the
primary needs required for survival, such as food, water, shelter, sleep, and other bodily functions.
Until an individual satisfies these basic needs, they will not move to the next level of needs.
2. Safety Needs: Once the physiological needs are met, individuals move to the second level of
needs, which are safety needs. These needs include physical and emotional safety, stability, and
security, such as a secure job, a safe neighbourhood, and a stable relationship.
3. Love and Belonging Needs: The third level of needs is love and belonging needs. After satisfying
the first two levels of needs, an individual seeks social connections, love, and belongingness. These
needs include friendship, intimacy, affection, and love.
4. Esteem Needs: The fourth level of needs is esteem needs. After fulfilling the lower-order needs,
individuals seek esteem and respect from others. This includes self-esteem, recognition,
achievement, and respect from others.
5. Self-Actualization Needs: The highest level of needs is self-actualization needs. Once all other
needs are satisfied, individuals seek to reach their full potential, fulfil their potential, and achieve
their goals. This includes personal growth, creativity, self-expression, and fulfilment.
Example of Maslow's Theory of Motivation:

• Let's take an example of a young employee who has recently joined a company. The employee is
earning a decent salary and has good relationships with their colleagues. However, the employee is
not satisfied with their job and feels unfulfilled.
• According to Maslow's theory of motivation, the employee may be at the fourth level of needs,
seeking esteem and respect from others. The employee may be looking for recognition for their
work, respect from their superiors, and a feeling of accomplishment. To satisfy the employee's
needs, the manager can provide opportunities for recognition and achievement.
Merits of Maslow's Theory of Motivation:
1. Comprehensive: Maslow's theory of motivation is comprehensive and covers all aspects of human
needs, including physical, psychological, and social needs.
2. Universal: Maslow's theory of motivation is applicable to all individuals, regardless of their culture,
gender, or age. It is a universal theory that can be used to understand and explain human behavior.
3. Useful for workplace motivation: Maslow's theory of motivation is useful for workplace motivation.
Managers can use this theory to understand their employees' needs and design motivation
strategies that satisfy their employees' needs.
Demerits of Maslow's Theory of Motivation:
1. The Theory Is Too Simple: Critics argue that Maslow's theory of motivation is too simplistic and
does not consider the complexity of human needs. For example, individuals may have needs that
overlap between different levels.
2. Cultural Bias: Critics argue that Maslow's theory of motivation is biased towards Western culture
and does not consider cultural differences in needs and priorities. For example, some cultures
prioritize community needs over individual needs.

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 3. Difficulty in Measuring Needs: Maslow's theory propounds that each level of the hierarchy must
be satisfied adequately before moving to the next level. However, it may be challenging to measure
how much need is met at each level, making it challenging to quantify progress.
In conclusion, Maslow's theory of motivation provides a holistic approach to human motivation based on
a hierarchy of needs. The hierarchical structure of his theory helps identify priorities and provides insight
into motivation in various settings. However, the theory's limitations based on empirical evidence,
universality, and difficulty in measuring needs mean that it should be considered in conjunction with other
theories to form a comprehensive view of motivation.

Finance - Q. What are urban cooperative banks? Discuss the Importance, Challenges and
Regulatory Mechanism for UCBs. (600 words)
The term "Urban Co-operative Banks" refers to primary cooperative banks in urban and semi-urban areas.
These banks, till 1996, were allowed to lend money only for non-agricultural purposes. They primarily
finance entrepreneurs, small businesses, industries, and self-employment in urban areas, as well as home
purchases and educational loans. The origins of the urban cooperative banking movement in India can be
traced back to the late nineteenth century, when such societies were established in India, inspired by the
success of experiments related to the cooperative movement in Britain and Germany. Most recently the
Banking Regulation (Amendment) Bill, 2020 amends the BR Act to expand RBI's regulatory control over co-
operative banks in terms of management, capital, audit, and liquidation.
Regulatory Framework for Urban Co-operative Banks: -
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released the report of the Expert Committee led by former RBI Deputy
Governor NS Vishwanathan on Urban Co-operative Banks. Based on the recommendations, RBI has
released Revised Regulatory Framework for Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) for Regulatory Purposes.
A. UCBs has been classified into four tiers based on the cooperativeness of the banks, the
availability of capital, and other factors:

• Tier 1 includes all unit UCBs and salary earner UCBs (regardless of deposit size) as well as all other
UCBs with deposits up to Rs 100 crore.
• Tier 2 – It includes UCB deposits ranging from Rs 100 crore to Rs 1,000 crore.
• Tier 3 - It includes UCB deposits ranging from Rs 1,000 crore to Rs 10,000 crore.
• Tier 4 - It includes UCBs of more than Rs 10,000 crore in deposits.
B. Prudential Norms: The RBI has prescribed prudential norms for UCBs, which include guidelines on
capital adequacy, asset classification, and provisioning.
C. Supervision: The RBI conducts regular inspections of UCBs to ensure that they comply with regulatory
requirements. The RBI also takes corrective action in case of non-compliance.
D. Licensing: UCBs are required to obtain a license from the RBI before commencing operations. The RBI
examines the credentials of the promoters, the business plan, and the financial viability of the bank before
granting a license.
The Importance of UCBs:
1. Financial Inclusion: UCBs play a crucial role in promoting financial inclusion by providing banking
services to people who are not served by mainstream banks. These banks cater to the banking
needs of small businesses, traders, and individuals in urban and semi-urban areas.
2. Employment Generation: UCBs create employment opportunities in urban and semi-urban areas.
These banks employ a large number of people, including clerks, officers, and managers.
3. Promoting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): UCBs provide credit facilities to small and
medium enterprises (SMEs), which are the backbone of the Indian economy. These banks provide
loans for working capital, equipment purchase, and other business needs.
Challenges faced by Urban Cooperative Banks:

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 1. Weak Governance and Management: Most UCBs suffer from weak governance and management,
which leads to operational inefficiency, inadequate risk management, and non-implementation of
regulatory norms.
2. Capital Adequacy: UCBs face challenges in maintaining capital adequacy, which is the amount of
capital required to absorb losses. Many UCBs have a low level of capital adequacy, which makes
them vulnerable to financial instability.
3. Non-performing Assets: UCBs have high Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) resulting from imprudent
lending, weak credit appraisal processes, and recovery measures.
4. Technology Upgradation: Most UCBs lack the necessary technology infrastructure that is essential
for providing digital banking services to the urban population in the modern world.
In conclusion, UCBs play a critical role in promoting entrepreneurship, local economic growth, and
providing banking services to the unbanked urban population. The challenges faced by UCBs can be
overcome by addressing issues of weak governance, inadequate capitalization, and technology up-
gradation. The RBI has taken several measures to strengthen the regulatory framework for UCBs, and it is
important to ensure that UCBs comply with regulatory requirements.

Economics - Q. What do you understand by economic inequality? Discuss the problem of

rising inequality in India.
Economic inequality refers to Unequal distribution of wealth and income wherein some individuals in the
society have more resources and opportunities than others. As per OECD Inclusive growth is “the
economic growth that is distributed fairly across society and creates opportunities for all”. Oxfam India
recently released a report in January 2022 on inequality “Survival of the richest: The India story” which
states that top 10% owns 72% of wealth in India, there is a huge disparity between the rich and the poor
and that the pandemic added fuel to the inequality vehicle.
Economic Inequality and Its form: -
India is one of the fastest growing economies but also among the unequal countries in the world and since
India has now turned 75, along with celebration there is also a need for introspection of such inequalities
and to come up with solutions to address them. Inequality exists in many forms like income levels or wealth
distribution, health, education, household characteristics like sanitation, access to electricity, etc with
income levels/wealth distribution being the main driver for inequality.
Problems of Rising Economic Inequality in India:
Rising economic inequality in India can have far-reaching and negative impacts on the country's social,
political, and economic stability. Following are some of the major problems associated with rising economic
inequality.
I. Widening wealth gap: The increasing divide between the rich and the poor can result in a lack of
equal opportunities, social mobility, and access to basic resources.
II. Poverty and hunger: Economic inequality can lead to poverty and hunger, as the lower and middle
classes struggle to make ends meet.
III. Lack of access to education: Inequality can prevent individuals from accessing quality education
and other opportunities that can help them improve their standard of living.
IV. Political instability: When large segments of the population feel left behind, it can lead to political
unrest, protests, and demands for greater representation and fairness.
V. Decreased economic growth: High levels of inequality can result in decreased economic growth, as
the purchasing power of majority of the population decreases.
VI. Public health issues: Economic inequality can lead to public health issues as the poor may not have
access to quality healthcare and are more susceptible to disease and malnutrition.
Initiatives by Government of India to reduce the Economic Inequality
The Government of India has taken several initiatives to reduce economic inequality in the country, some of
them are:

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 • Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): This act provides a legal
guarantee for 100 days of employment in a financial year to adult members of any rural household.
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY): This scheme aims to provide access to financial
services such as savings and deposit accounts, remittances, credit, insurance, and pension to the
unbanked population.
• Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): This scheme aims to provide affordable housing to the urban
and rural poor, with a focus on women and marginalized communities.
• Skill India Mission: This mission aims to provide job-oriented training to the youth, with a focus on
the economically weaker sections of society.
In conclusion, rising economy inequality and widening income gap in any economy can lead to several
problems if not managed well. Government of India, over the years have worked in this regard to reduce
the gap and for that many steps have been taken. To achieve the sustainable development goals and
realize the dream of becoming a developed nation by 100th years of independence, everyone will have to
work for inclusive development in this Amrit Kaal.

Management - Q. What do you understand by Personality of a Leader, discuss the Big 5

Model of personality. What is its limitation?
The personality of a leader refers to the unique characteristics, traits, and behaviours that shape their
approach to leadership. Personality plays a critical role in leadership because it impacts how leaders
interact with others, make decisions, and handle challenges. The personality of an induvial is influenced by
several factors such as cultural factors, physical factors, family, and social groups to which the individual
belongs. There are different models to understand personality and one of them is the Big 5 model of
personality.
The big 5 model of personality is a widely researched and accepted framework that defines the personality
of an individual or a leader based on the five dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion,
agreeableness, and neuroticism. It helps to understand the differences in the personality of a leader.
Under the Big 5 Model of Personality, the broad personality traits are stated under 5 dimensions,
that is:
1. Openness- This characteristic includes imagination and insight. People with this personality trait
tend to be eager to learn and explore new things. They are more creative and adventurous in their
decision-making. For instance, at the time of independence when our economy was going through a
rough phase, Mr. N Ranga Rao, through his creativity and strong vision founded the company
‘Cycle Pure Agarbatti’, which has now grown into a company with over 1,000 crore revenue, coming
from its business in 75+ countries.
2. Conscientiousness- This trait includes a high level of thoughtfulness and good impulse control.
Such people are mindful of details and focus on the plan through their organized and goal-directed
behavior. For instance, Mukesh Ambani with his strong and strategic plans has led Reliance onto
becoming one of the strongest and biggest companies in India. His efforts have consistently been
result-oriented.
3. Extraversion- This trait is characterized by being friendly, talkative, sociable, and easygoing. People
with this trait have a high amount of emotional expressiveness. Because of their outgoing nature,
such people are better off working in areas like sales, public relations, social situations, etc. For
instance, Mr. Aman Gupta, the co-founder of Boat has a strong marketing instinct because of his
qualities like strong and positive energy.
4. Agreeableness- This trait exhibits high signs of trust, affection, and kindness. People with this
characteristic tend to help others and present prosocial behavior. They are more cooperative, feel
empathy towards other, and cares about others. For instance, Mother Teresa had a high trait of
Agreeableness as she spent her life in assisting others and doing charitable deeds.
5. Neuroticism- This trait is characterized by sadness, moodiness, and emotional stability. People with
high neuroticism, are more likely to experience mood swings and sadness. These people tend to
become more irritated. Whereas people with lower levels of neuroticism, tend to be more stable and
emotionally resilient. For instance, at the time of the increasing death toll during the Covid-19

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 pandemic, our Health Minister Mr. Mansukh Mahdavia had to remain emotionally stable to better
analyses the situation at hand and make decisions rationally.
The analysis of personality traits leads to a better overall understanding of an individual. However, this
model of personality also comes with some limitations, like-
1. Limited scope: The Big Five Model only captures five broad dimensions of personality and may not
fully capture the complexity of a person's personality.
2. Cultural Bias: The study has primarily been performed in the USA. Thus, there is cross-cultural
validity possibilities.
3. The number 5 is not magical: Each trait is too broad, further researchers believed that there will be
more sets of traits affecting personality.
4. Situational factors: The Big Five Model does not account for situational factors that may impact a
leader's behavior, such as organizational culture or environmental factors.
5. An individual’s personality traits are not fixed, instead can be changed, and learned over time.
6. This study of personality determination for an individual is time-consuming.
In conclusion, the personality of a leader is a crucial factor in understanding their approach to leadership.
The Big Five Model is a popular model of personality that identifies five broad dimensions of personality
that can help describe a person's overall personality profile. While it has been widely used in research and
practice, it is not without limitations, and it is essential to consider the situational and cultural factors that
may impact a leader's behavior.

Telegram Channel for Daily Practice Questions –

Descriptive English: RBI, IBPS, NABARD

Initiatives by Brajesh Mohan: Are You Preparing for Regulatory Body Exams,
please do check Out important Links Below.

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How this Mock Test + Guidance Course will help you?

Many students find it difficult to get the genuine, exam centric review for their Essay, Precis,
Reading Comprehension, ESI Answer Writing Questions as well as FM Answer Writing Questions.

• So, here through this course you can get your answer reviewed and get feedbacks for
Improvement.
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Improvements.

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