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Lecture 3 CEE6504-Fundamental Concepts

FEM-Fundamental Concepts

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丁小姐（貪吃的柴主人）
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19 views30 pages

Lecture 3 CEE6504-Fundamental Concepts

FEM-Fundamental Concepts

Uploaded by

丁小姐（貪吃的柴主人）
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Fundamental Concepts

Solid Mechanics
1. Stresses and Equilibrium
Three-dimensional Body
Fundamental Concepts
Solid Mechanics
1. Stresses and Equilibrium
Three-dimensional Body
A three-dimensional body occupying a volume V and having
a surface S as in the figure. Points in the body are located by
x, y, z coordinates. The boundary constrained on some region,
where displacement is specified. On part of the boundary,
distributed force per unit area T, also called traction, is
applied. Under the force, the body deforms.
Fundamental Concepts
The deformation of a point x ( = [x, y, z]T ) is given by the three
components of its displacement:
u = [u, v, w]T
The distributed body force per unit volume acting on elemental
volume dV, for example, the weight per unit volume, is the
vector f given by
f = [fx, fy, fz]T
Fundamental Concepts
The surface traction T may be given by its components value at
points of the surface, Examples of traction are distributed
contact force and action of pressure
T = [Tx, Ty, Tz]T
A load P acting at point i is represented by its three components
Pi = [Px, Py, Pz]T
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Concepts

Equilibrium Equations Equilibrium of elemental Volume


Fundamental Concepts
2. Boundary Conditions
Boundary conditions include displacement boundary conditions
and surface-loading conditions.
Fundamental Concepts

An elemental volume at surface


Fundamental Concepts
3. Strain-Displacement Relations
Fundamental Concepts
3. Strain-Displacement Relations

Deformed elemental surface


Fundamental Concepts
4. Stress-Strain Relations
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Concepts
Special Cases

Plane Stress
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Concepts

Plane Strain
Fundamental Concepts
5. Temperature Effects
Fundamental Concepts
5. Temperature Effects
Fundamental Concepts
6. Potential Energy and Equilibrium
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Concepts

class
Fundamental Concepts
Example
For the given spring system, calculate the displacements of
nodes 1,2, and 3.
Fundamental Concepts
1. Write the expression for the total potential energy

For the spring system with spring constant k (force/unit


displacement)
1
U = P
2
Fundamental Concepts

For the spring system with spring constant k (force/unit


displacement)

1
where P = k U = P
2

1 2
U= k
2
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Concepts

Free Body Diagrams


Fundamental Concepts
Saint Venant’s Principle
As long as the different approximations are statically
equivalent, the resulting solutions will be valid
provided we focus on regions sufficiently far away
from the acting load.
That is, the solutions may significantly differ only
within the immediate vicinity of the acting load.
Fundamental Concepts
Von Mises Stress
Von Mises stress is used as a criterion in determining
the onset of failure in ductile materials..
The failure criterion states that the Von Mises stress
σVM should be less than the yield stress σY of the
material.
Fundamental Concepts
Principle of Superposition
For linear elastic systems, the combined response to
a set of stimuli is the sum of individual responses to
each of the stimuli.
The principle of superposition applies to small
deformations in elastic systems governed by Hook’s
law. It is valid for calculations of displacements and
stresses.

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