© To find the area of triangle we can use following methods. an Area of sa50 «2 nase» perpendizuar on that sa aM wt Tal base./, area of ans +x BC * AD if we draw perpendicular to all sides of the a pate ee fed #1 a Beep a To calculate area of AABC, take any side as base ‘and the perpendicular drawn on that side will be height. x, Frat sh agar st ona na wa Sa tl Ares of SABC = 4x BC x AD =2x AB x oF =2x 2 2 2 AC * BE ight is not given. wer wel sat ae A ne #1 arb+e > To find area fra a area {-sfetas) = Semi-perimeter/ Area of AABC = /s(s~a)(s—b)(6—c) D : Ge at D. poe see 3 Fl ap fren AADB & dave 2k AADC # = adie at BD : DC # , a Es D 1 . ‘niga OF RADB. xADxBDxsin@ 2) De ae }*ADxDCxsin(180-0) «, fra ratio ¥ cevian base #1 divide #tit, Area tt ‘Hit ratio ¥ divide rm If AD is median BD = DC Area of AADB = Area of AADC BE ead CD are two parallel lines. Two triangles are formed between these parallel lines by joning AD and BC. " Eee Area of two triangles AABC and AABD thus formed will be equal. AB sit CD 2 ante tant 81 3 wae dat if sh Be 41 ste zg fag ara fi HURT 71a fiys AABC sit AABD a awa aut HT ra AD » Same parallel line # wra same CHAS) — “ .S. If height of two triangle is same, the ratio of their area is proportional to the ratio of their bases afe et faye smd ar tr a wert &, ot ane ahaa 1 STH me a srg vi #1 Saauabenec a Zz Height of AABC = Height of AXYZ AD = XP =H Ex.(b) 1 Area of ABC _2*BC*AD. poxH BC ‘Area of AXYZ ~Y2xH YZ If the base of two triangles is same, the ratio of their areas is proportional to the ratio of their heights. aft eo fysi one san @, a sae amet aw aya Fa) Ex. # sqm ArAPST _ 3x6xsinP _ ‘AraPQR 7xlixsinP 7x11 77 Ar OSTOR = 77-18 = 59 unit 23.517 cm? ‘Ar CPOR = 77 * = 231 om? Find the shaded area? / = 3x6 _18 PS ns DearS faa (b) 38.5, Base of ABC = Base of APOR (c)42 @ 45 BC =QR Sol.(a) Ar AAPR: AAQS ABC 1 5x6 10 14 14% 15 Area of AABC __2*BC*AD ap 3 14 ou ‘hrea of POR Ar 0 PQSR = 14-3 = 11 unit : Area of POR 1, oRypm PM 2 Ex. If theree sides of a triangle are 8cm, 17 cm and x cm, for what value of x area of triangle is maximum? we fas ard 8 ah, 17 Bt, xa. tc fe TT fry fags wr dazwet sfteas ei? {a)15em 6) 17cm (c}18.79cm (a) 23.16em Sol.(c) 2 * sAreaio fae JxBx1Txsind An. = sind, © Parencco Aa Ja 8x17 x1 =68em" sind, = 1 at 0= 90" x= (8? +17? = 353 =18.79em. Ex. In the given triangle POR, S and T are two points on side PQ and PR respectively such that PS:SQ = 4 and PT'TR = 6:5, if area of USTQR = 177 cm? then find area of APQR? faq me fays POR 4, S 3k T wAA: PQ at PR fern 3 fi, ga wart @ fh PS:SQ = 3:4 ait PT:TR = 6:5 fe STOR # Save = 177 7 Ft ta APORT Sara =? Bi sD Here, AB = 14cm, AC = 15, BC = 13 13414415 ‘Semiperimeters (S) = a Area of AABC = /21(21-13)(21-14)(21-15) = \21K8x7x6 = J7KBx4x 2x7 x6 = 7x 2x6 = 84 cm © 21 unit x4, 84 cm? 11 unit <4, 44 om? Sree) In a triangle, side ‘a’ is divided by the sine of 2A is equal to the side 'b’ divided by the sine of 2B is equal to the side ‘c' divided by the sine of ZC. We fags 4, gaa’ ah ZA Fh en a fafa 3 TD 28 Aaa fata Fa Te A ZC Aw gM Fas wa ait oma mre ff a ‘6 sina bis sinB CHASPIONrusiieanio:ab:c = KsinA : KsinB : KsinC aibic = sin : sinB : sinc 1 1 Area of triangle = 2xanh 2 xaxcsinB f triangle = 5 *axh >> bh sinB = [= h = CsinB inc = F=> h = bsinC si 8 eee en csinB = bsinC > Gao “sind : grea ef tienga ABC «eo sian = Zab si26= 1 poe sina Ex. Ina triangle ABC, ZA is 60° and ZB is 45°. Iflength of BC is 6 om. Find length of AC. ° $ ake 2B 45° 21 af BC wt cae square of the length of Bpiieeine rule says that the square of 8 roe de of a given triangle is equal to the Sot of the any ice of the length of the other sides minus twice sauareeduct of the other two sides multiplied by the URGiPe of angle included between them. fags Bi fost sat Fed Fe rere a ree ata feo aie at ate Te FIT hated yan Hat Hae oir aril spat wera @ b?+02 -2be.cosA. eta cosp = 12 = _, 42 = atte? -2accosB cor = EHS, 62 = atsb? ~2abcose Proof of cosine rule/aivat fram at WATT: A e B Cc Tn AABM, ee ae h sinB = and cosB from the above results, we get h=csin Band r=ccosBApply Pythagoras theorem, in AAMC AAMC ¥ gece sata omy ant bee h? + (a- 1)? b= (c sin BP + (a—e cos B)? bi = c? (sin? B + cos?B) + a? 2ac cosB bis cit a?—2accosB (.: sin’B + cos'B = 1) Ex. In triangle ABC, AB = 3, BC = 7 and CA = 8 find ZBAC, fA ABC #, AB 3 7 ait CA = 8 #1ZBAC Bi By applying cosine rule in AABC, AABC ¥ aiar7 cosa = cosa = cosA = cos60° = A= 60" ZBAC = 60° Ex. In a triangle two sides are (/3+1)cm and 2cm, and angle between these two sides is 60°. Find the side? we fg tt got (/3 + 1)hh oh 2 Ht 8, oh quai & ata a sim 60° ti aad yon a Sol. A VB +1 B - c Let 3 side is x cm. arn atait pn x Hh 21 Apply cosine rule in AABC AABC # taney from ary wi (af +(v3 +1) —2 2x2x2(V3 +1) 1_444+23-x2 2 4(V3+1) 2(V8+1)=8 +23 -x? 28 +1=8+2V8- x7 a6, c0s60° x=V6 . 3" side =/6cm A\ Gagan Pratap Sir evian Hs used to find the length of any ct sein fh oh fares ot ae It a —> an + bm = 220 + mne>a"n b/ safea + bim = e(<¢ + ma) In isosceles triangle a = fa Ha=b A eben an + atm = x¢c + mne a2(m + n) = (x? + mn) a? =¢+ mn 22= a?— mn . = AC and D is a point on BC. If BD = ee ANAB ©112 cm and AD = 8 cm, then find the ength of CD. AABC 4, AB = AC ait D, BC % Fi _BD AB= 12 #8 ak AD=8 th &, @ CD at cag ara Fifa AD? = AB?~ BD x DC 8? = 127-5 x CD 64 = 144-5 CD 5 CD = 80 © This states that an angle bisector divides the opposite side into two parts in the ratio of other two sides. 3s aa ¢ fe GH sm areas fant qT at a GSH # ogee Het ari a famter wea ti Bi fc; Di Ex. In AABC, ZC = 90" and D is a point on CB such that AD is the bisector of ZA. If AC = 5 cm and BC = 12 cm, then what is the legth of AD? AABC 4, ZC = 90° sik D, CB Hw fig Ta Wert AD, 2A aH Bafguis @1 aft AC = 5 St 3k BC = 12 & @, fl AD af cia a1 27 CHASPION, Lear * ritLength of angle bisector/ Sol. (e) pone rule in SACD ey 13 root Apply cosine rule shee prs 20x coe8 ee ance ee aoe er Bax cond 2 + x? - 2bxc0s 0 ap? _ bit Bp? a? +x? 2axcos® pt _biext-2bxcos0 gt a+ x? - 2axcosd Boos (bi- ahe ~ 2ab? x 080 — 2a! b xcos0 fb +a) (0 — a)? = 2ab cos0 (b—a) - ih {b+ a)x# = 2ab cos8 - x \ 2abcos® xo a+b eee Cec aa = ab-mn Cc iecabai cell orem states that angle bisector of a Tage divides the opposite side externally in the ratio of other two sides containing the angle a ae weet wer & fi feet gs a OT TIT vs FT a a & fenntira ae @ cate Ex. In the given ABC, AB = 16 cm, AC = 12 cm and BC = 21 cm then find the length of angle bisector AD (in cm)? TE AABCS, AB = 16 #4. AC = 12 wit. aft BC d so fer AD (2h. 3) ah tad am BO sain act ara at qorsit # argu oer A G D Ex. Ina triangle ABC, AB : AC = 5 : 2, BC = 9 cm. BA is produced to D and the bisector of the Angle CAD. meets BC produced at E. What is the length (in cm) of CE? faqs ABC 4, AB : AC 2, BC = 9 ti. #1 BA aD 1 vara sim @ ae Im CAD #1 aMfgaTaa aa mE BC A E ® from #1 CE (Ah. 3) ara st Sol. (c) pp =4.21 = 12 AD? = 16 x 12-12x9=12x7=84 AD = /84em Length of angle bisector (when 0 is given):- sor oh ature, ai clang (ae 0 fw ae i B AB_S BE AC 2° CE BC=5-2=3 un; CE=2%3-60m it _*3 9 om