Scribd
Upload
13 views

Commands

Linux commands list

Uploaded by

Fakrul Tareq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views

Commands

Linux commands list

Uploaded by

Fakrul Tareq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

commands.

md 5/15/2022

Linux commands
Basic
cd -> change dir

cd / or cd ~ -> move to root dir

pwd -> current working dir

Dir/file info

ls -> current root dir files/folders


ls -r -> list of files with sub-dir as well
ls -a -> list of hidden files
ls -al/la -> detail info with hidden files
du -h -> disk usage of files & dirs
df -h -> determining file type (did not understand)
df -m -> used stroage in mb
ls -lah -> each file & dir size/permission & details

Dir

Make dir
mkdir dirname -> make a dir
mkdir {dir1, dir2, dir3, ...} -> make multiple dir
Remove dir
rm dirname -> remove a dir
rm -r dirname -> safe to rm a dir
rm -r dir1 dir2 dir3 .. -> remove multiple dir at a time

man commandName -> user manual of a specific command

File manipulation

cp filename.txt destination -> copy file


cp -r dir1 dir2 -> copy the contents from one dir to another dir.
mv filename/dir newFilelName/destinationDir -> replace/rename the original file/dir
diff filename1 filename2 -> difference of 2 files
date >> filename -> append date in a file
cat filename | more -> show content gradually instead of showing all content at a time
cat filename | grep searchText -> to search something in the content of the file
sort filename -> sorting content of that file
cat filename.txt -> to view content of a file
cat filename1 filename2 > output filename -> joins 2 files & outputs in a new file
ls dir/ > fileName.txt -> list of file/dir in a single file
someText >> filename.txt -> to init & write something in file

1/4
commands.md 5/15/2022

Terminal

exit -> close the terminal


clear -> clean the terminal

System manipulation

sudo halt
sudo reboot
sudo shutdown -P +10 -> "shutdown the system in 10 minutes"
sudo shutdown -c -> cancel the shutdown
sudo shutdown -r +10 -> "restart the system in 10 minutes"
sudo shutdown now -> shutdown the system immediately

System Info

lscpu -> overview of system config


uname -> system info
uname -a -> system detail info
Before install a package
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get full-upgrade -> upgrade the full system
sudo apt-get install package_name
sudo apt remove package-name
sudo apt-cache search package_name -> to search installed package

Server Info

hostname
hostname -I

Editor

vi filename -> open the file in vim


esc + :q! + enter -> to exit the editor without saving file

Mail (problem)

mail -s 'subject' -c 'cc-address' -b 'bcc-address' 'to-address'


mail -s "Subject" to-address < Filename
echo "This is the message body and contains the message" | mailx -v -r
"[email protected]" -s "This is the subject" -S smtp="smtp.gmail.com:465" -S smtp-
use-starttls -S smtp-auth=login -S smtp-auth-user="[email protected]" -S smtp-
auth-password="abc123" -S ssl-verify=ignore [email protected]

Searching

locate -i hello -> find all file has name with "hello"
find . -type d/f -> find all dir/files in current dir

2/4
commands.md 5/15/2022

find ~ -name/-iname 'f*' / '*f' -print -> return all files name starting/ending with 'f'
(name:case-sensitive, iname:case-insesitive)
find ~ -mtime -1/1 -print -> All changed files in lastDay/more than 1 day
find ~ -mtime +1 -mtime -5 -print -> All changed files in between 1 to 5 days
find ~ -size 10k/M/G -print -> size of 10kb/10mb/10gb in home dir
find ~ -exec wc -w {} ; -print
find / -name core –exec rm {} ; -> remove core files
find -empty -> all files with no content
snap find appName -> show the result of corresponding app name

Permission/User access

chmod: change file permissions

Octal Read Write Execute

0 no no no

1 no no yes

2 no yes no

3 no yes yes

4 yes no no

5 yes no yes

6 yes yes no

7 yes yes yes


1. u: user
2. g: group
3. o: other user
4. -: remove permission
5. +: add permission
EX:
1. chmod o-/+w/r/x fileName/dir: add/remove permission to other user for specific
file/dir.
or
2. chmod 754 fileName/dir: add/remove permission to other user for specific
file/dir.

chown : change file owener

chgrp : change file group

Intermediate
Upgrade/Update system

some cmd will go here

3/4
commands.md 5/15/2022

Crontab

crontab -l -> list of jobs are running


crontab -e -> edit file in crontab
* * * * * cmd_to_execute-> pattern
1st *: minute(0-59)
2nd *: hour(0-23) [0 = 12AM, 1 = 1AM & so on]
3rd *: day of the month(1-31)
4th *: month(1-12)
5th *: day of the week(0-6: Sunday to Saturday)
#* * * * * cmd_to_execute-> stop the job
Ex:
1. 30 01 * * *: The task will be executed everyday on each week on each month at 1.30AM
2. 30 01 01,15 * *: The task will be executed every 1st & 15th day on each week on each
month at 1.30AM
3. */30 * * * *: every 30 min on everyday [*/value -> inetrval]
4. 30 01 05-08 * *: The task will be executed from 5th-8th day on each month at 1.30AM

Networking

sudo lsof -i tcp:8080 -> process that occupied port 8080


sudo kill -9 $(sudo lsof -t -i:8080) -> kill all process of port 8080

4/4

You might also like