CPCCOHS2001A - Apply OHS - V1.1

ABOUT THESE RESOURCES
The Construction Industry Training Board (CITB) has developed this set of Learner Guides
and accompanying documents to support people undertaking the Certificate I in
Construction CPC10111. The Learner Guides have been written to directly correspond with
each of the core Units of Competence and a number of elective Units of Competence.
Each Learner Guide contains information that will help students meet the underpinning
knowledge requirements of the corresponding Unit of Competence. To form a complete
learning program each Learner Guide should be delivered with as much opportunity to apply
this knowledge in a practical situation as is possible. Further advice to trainers about
structuring an effective learning program is provided in the Assessment Plans resource.
DISCLAIMER
The contents of this Learner Guide are intended for general educational purposes. The
Learner Guide does not purport to be and should not be taken as being, or providing,
professional advice and guidance.
Any professional advice must be independently obtained by the appropriate officer(s) of the
organisation or individual person using the Learner Guide.
The CITB disclaims all liability for all claims, expenses, losses, damages and costs incurred by
any individual or organisation as a result of the Learner Guide being inaccurate or
incomplete in any way or incapable of achieving any purpose beyond that of basic
education.
COPYRIGHT
This material is the property of the Construction Industry Training Board. No unauthorised
copying is permitted without written permission.
Construction Industry Training Board, 5 Greenhill Road WAYVILLE SA 5034
P 08 8172 9500
F 08 8172 9501
Updated 2012
ISBN 0 9757403 6 9
TO THE TRAINEE
This Learner Guide is one in a series of guides that have been prepared to help you
achieve competence in the Certificate I in Construction. Your answers to the questions
contained in this guide will be assessed as an important part of your course work so
please keep it in good condition.
If you already have experience, knowledge or skills that relate to the content of this
Learner Guide it is your responsibility to draw this to the attention of your trainer. If you
are able to provide evidence of your experience, knowledge or skills you may be given
recognition for your current competence.
TERMINOLOGY
These Learner Guides and their accompanying documents are designed for use by
school students, trainees, apprentices undertaking the Certificate I in Construction in a
learning environment such as a school, public or private training organisation.
The terms trainer and trainee, which are used throughout the guides, can also mean:
Trainer: teacher, supervisor, lecturer, facilitator, Registered Training Organisation (RTO).
Trainee: student, apprentice, new apprentice, learner, participant.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
AIM 2
TOPIC 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY LEGISLATION IN AUSTRALIA 3
TOPIC 2: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT 12

Specific Hazards 14
Hazard Identification and Management Documents 25
TOPIC 3: WORK SAFELY 27
TOPIC 4: MANAGING EMERGENCIES 42

Evacuation Procedure Requirements 42
Evacuation Procedures 43
Fires and Fire Extinguishers 44
Good Housekeeping 49
TOPIC 5: INJURY MANAGEMENT 51

Injury Management 51
First Aid Treatment 53
OHS Reporting 55
Reporting Incidents to the Authorities 56
Workers Compensation and Rehabilitation 59
ASSESSMENT TASKS 60
APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF TERMS 71
APPENDIX B: EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS 74
APPENDIX C: SUGGESTED RESOURCES 75
APPENDIX D: JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS WORKSHEET 79
APPENDIX E: EXAMPLE SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT 80
APPENDIX F: SAMPLE WORKCOVER FORMS 83
Certificate I in Construction
CPCCOHS2001A Apply OHS Requirements, Policies and Procedures
INTRODUCTION
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) has been around since 1956 when a magistrate
ruled that an employer has a responsibility to provide a safe system of work. Whilst we
have made significant improvements in workplace safety since this time the following
statistics from Safe Work Australia show that OHS is still of critical importance to all
industries and the construction industry in particular.
 In 2006–07, there were 134 105 workers’
compensation claims for serious work-related
injuries or illnesses*.
 In 2007-8 the construction industry had the fourth
highest serious claims rate of all industries.
 The highest incidence rates were recorded by
labourers & related workers - nearly three times the
rate for all occupations across all industries.
 Male employees experienced twice the rate of
serious injury or disease compared with female
employees.
 Around one-quarter of serious claims involved the
use of non powered handtools or equipment.
 A typical serious workers’ compensation claim
involves nearly four weeks absence from work.
 Around one-quarter of serious claims require 12 or
more weeks off work.
 Around one-quarter of serious claims involved an
injury to the back.
*Serious work-related injuries or illnesses are
defined as a death, a permanent incapacity or a
temporary incapacity requiring an absence from
work of one working week or more.
Key Work Health and Safety Statistics, Australia
2010. Work Safe Australia
When we talk about the costs of workplace
injuries most people think about the financial
costs such as medical expenses, compensation,
the loss of productivity and income. However, for
the injured worker, the costs that often have the
greatest impact are the human costs. Injury may
mean that you are not able to do such things as
walk, play sport, work for an income, work around
the house or participate in family activities. Injury
can also affect relationships with partners, family
and friends.
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Whatever costs concern you most, one thing to

remember is that 95% of all workplace injuries
that occur could have been prevented.
AIM
The aim of this unit is to provide the trainee with the ability to:
 recognise the OHS legislative requirements,
enterprise policies and procedures relevant to the
building industry
 identify and assess risks
 identify hazards on a work site
 plan and prepare to work safely
 work safely
 follow emergency procedures.
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TOPIC 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND

SAFETY LEGISLATION IN AUSTRALIA
Australia’s Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) legislation is based on employees and
employers working together to ensure a safe working environment with an emphasis on
the prevention of workplace accidents and injuries. All workers in Australia are covered
by their relevant state legislation. The legislation is designed to protect people at work
by establishing safe systems of work.
The legislation for each State/ territory is:
SA Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Act
(2010)
OHS Regulations (1995)
VIC Occupational Health and Safety Act (2004)
Occupational Health and Safety Regulations
NSW Occupational Health and Safety Act
(2000)Occupational Health and Safety
Regulation (2001)
WA Occupational Safety and Health Act
(1984)Occupational Safety and Health
Regulations (1996)
QLD Workplace Health and Safety Act (1995)
Workplace Health and Safety Regulations
(1997)
TAS Workplace Health and Safety Act (1995)
Workplace Health and Safety Regulations
(1998)
ACT Occupational Health and Safety Act (1989)
Occupational Health and Safety Regulations
(1991)
NT Work Health Act (1986)
Work Health (Occupational Health and
Safety) Regulations
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THE ACT, THE REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS

OHS in Australia is controlled by a system of laws
and guidelines the top level of which is the Acts of
Parliament passed by each State/ Territory. Each
Act is then supported by Regulations, various
Approved Codes of Practice and Australian
Standards. A basic summary of these is listed
1 below:
THE
ACT
State Acts of Parliament
Each State Act defines the responsibilities and
duties of people who play a role in workplace
health and safety. These requirements are known
2 as Duty of Care. It is the law.
REGULATIONS
(legal requirements) State Regulations
The State Regulations are made from the Act to
3 - APPROVED set out general principles and provide practical
CODES OF PRACTICE steps which should be followed to prevent or
&
AUSTRALIAN STANDARDS minimise injuries and illness.
Practical guidelines & Mandatory Standards Codes of Practice
Codes of Practice give practical guidance on how
to comply with the legal requirements of specific
regulations and should be used in addition to the
Act and Regulations.
Australian Standards
Australian Standards are the minimal
requirements for performance or quality for a
particular hazard, work process or product. If an
Australian Standard is listed in the Act and/or
Regulations it must be followed.
Guidelines
Guidelines provide general information about
aspects of the Act, Regulations or specific hazards.
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NATIONAL OHS MATTERS

National approaches to OHS matters are co-
ordinated by Safe Work Australia, which provides
a forum for all levels of government (Federal,
State and Territory), employer organisations and
unions to discuss these matters.
Safe Work Australia has the power to declare
National OHS Codes of Practice. However; they
are not enforceable unless adopted by the
relevant State or Territory.
OHS RESPONSIBILITIES
The OHS legislation makes sure that everyone
who may affect health and safety in the
workplace has a responsibility to protect it.
What are employers responsible for?
Under the act every employer has a duty of care
to ‘ensure so far as is reasonably practicable, that
every employee is, while at work, safe from injury
and risks to health, in particular:
 provide and maintain a safe working environment
and safe systems of work
 provide and maintain machinery, equipment,
implements, and substances in safe condition
 provide information, instruction, training and
supervision as are necessary to ensure that each
employee is safe from injury and risks to health
 provide managers and supervisors with the
information, instruction and training to ensure
employees under their supervision are safe from
injuries and risks to their health
 consult with employees in developing policies and
procedures or where changes may affect their
health and safety.’
What responsibilities do supervisors have?
A supervisor has the responsibility to follow all
reasonable instructions given by the employer to
ensure the health and safety of employees under
their direction. Main responsibilities include:
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 providing information, training, instruction and

supervision to ensure that workers under their
direction carry out their work in a safe manner
 ensure that workplace policies and procedures are
followed
 ensuring that all personal protective equipment
supplied to workers is maintained and correctly
used
 making sure that employees are not affected by
alcohol or drugs so as to endanger the health and
safety of others
 participate in discussions about OHS issues with
employees and managers
 reporting to management any accident, incident or
health and safety hazard within their area as soon
as they are aware of them.
What responsibilities do employees have?

All employees must take reasonable care to
protect not only their own health and safety but
the health and safety of others who may be
affected by their actions at work. Employees
must:
 take reasonable care to protect their own health
and safety at work
 not endanger the health and safety of others by
action or lack of action
 use their own tools and equipment safely and
maintain them in good order
 use all equipment provided to protect their health
and safety
 follow any reasonable health and safety instructions
given by the employer/supervisor
 make sure that they are not affected by alcohol or
drugs or adversely affect the health and safety of
others
 report or make recommendations to their
supervisor to eliminate or minimise hazards as soon
as they become aware of them.
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HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEES

Occupational Health and Safety Committees
provide a way for managers and workers to meet
regularly and discuss workplace OHS issues.
Committees should focus on issues that affect
that particular organisation; in particular
procedures for managing OHS.
Health and Safety Committees have six main
roles:
1. Encourage cooperation between manager and
employees regarding health and safety in the
workplace.
2. Assist in resolving health and safety issues in the
workplace.
3. Assist in the development and review of health
and safety policies, practices and procedures in
the workplace.
4. Consult on appropriate policies, practices and
procedures and any proposed changes to the
workplace or process.
5. Review developments in rehabilitation and the
employment of workers who have some form of
disability.
6. Assist in the return to work of employees who
have suffered an injury.
As an OHS committee will not operate effectively
without equal representation from employees
and management. They must have at least an
equal number of employee representatives to the
number from management although employee
numbers may be more. Members of the
committee can serve a term of three years and
the committee must meet at least once every
three months.
NEW WORKERS
As a new worker, what you experience within the
first few weeks at work will shape your attitude
and behaviour to work and to your workmates.
During this time you will also develop attitudes to
health and safety and its importance to the job.
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Did you know 33 new workers are injured every

day at work? These injuries alone cost $100
million a year.
INDUCTION PROCEDURES
An employer is legally responsible for providing
information, instruction, appropriate supervision
and training to the worker to enable them to
perform their job in a safe manner. They are also
required to provide amenities, such as:
 access to facilities for keeping clothes and personal
belongings at work
 a change room if an employee is required to change
clothes for work
 hygienic facilities for eating meals at work
 access to clean and hygienic toilet and hand
washing facilities.
The procedure that explains all these areas to new
workers is called an induction. Some things that
should be covered during induction are:
 location of amenities such as toilet, meals area and
change rooms
 the organisation health and safety policy,
procedures and practices
 an explanation of your responsibilities and
where/who to go to with OHS issues
 awareness of the potential of workplace hazards or
risks and their effect on health and safety
 what procedures are in place to control hazards
 emergency/ evacuation procedures.
The new worker must demonstrate that they
understand and are competent to follow these
instructions. Special arrangements might need to
be made to ensure that workers with literacy
problems, workers with diverse cultural or
language backgrounds or with particular
disabilities are able to demonstrate they
understand and are competent to follow these
instructions.
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COMMON SAFETY INDUCTION COURSE

Historically each time a worker started at a new
site they had to undergo an induction course. This
took time and each course often covered
duplicated information covered at previous sites.
Most States have now developed a common
induction course which streamlines this training
requirement. Common induction courses often
cover topics such as:
 duty of care
 personal protection equipment
 hazard management
 safety signs
 clean, safe and tidy work sites
 licence/ticket/permit registration
 accident reporting
 site emergency and evacuation.
An example of a common safety induction course
is the national White Card course. This course
allows workers to complete a single course that
can then be used at sites across Australia.
A SIMPLE GUIDE FOR NEW WORKERS

The following checklist is a simple, brief summary
of what the various OHS Acts means for new
workers.
1. Your employer/supervisor must provide a safe
working environment and safe system of work.
2. You must obey reasonable instructions and work
safely.
3. Your employer/supervisor must provide training
and information. Ask if you do not understand.
4. Check if you need protective equipment and wear
what is provided.
5. Check that your equipment is in good order.
6. Follow the correct procedures when doing your
job.
7. Report any health and safety problems to your
employer/supervisor.
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8. Accidents and near misses must be reported and

recorded.
9. You should work together with your
employer/supervisor to improve health and safety
in your workplace.
10. You must not put co-workers or the public at risk.
WHY ME
Below is a poem that demonstrates the
importance of an employee’s role in OHS. It was
found on a site board.
I could have saved a life that day

But I chose to look the other way.
It wasn’t that I didn’t care.

I had the time and I was there.
But I didn’t want to seem a fool

Or argue over a safety rule.
I knew he had done the job before.

If I called it wrong, he might get sore.
The chances didn’t seem that bad.

I’ve done the same, he knew I had.
So I shook my head and walked on by.

He knew the risks as well as I.
He took a chance, I closed an eye

And with that act, I let him die.

10 Copyright CITB ©
Now every time I see his wife,

I’ll know I should have saved his life.
That guilt is something I must bear.

But it isn’t something you must share.
If you see a risk that others take,

That puts their health or life at stake.
The question asked or thing you say

Could help them live another day.
If you see a risk and walk away,

Then you hope you never have to say.

Anonymous
Copyright CITB © 11
TOPIC 2: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND

MANAGEMENT
An important step in being able to manage OHS in
the workplace is being able to determine what
hazards there are, the risk they present to
workers and how to control these hazards. This
process is called hazard identification and
management.
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
The first step is to identify the hazards. A hazard is
something that has the potential to harm the
health and safety of people at work. It may be an
object or a situation. Examples include manual
handling, excavation, noise, working at heights,
working in confined spaces, lifting heavy objects
and working with chemicals.
You can identify hazards in the following ways:
 checking records of injuries and illnesses that have
happened in the workplace
 reading OHS Regulations and Codes of Practice
which identify potential hazards
 walking through and inspecting the workplace
 talking to people.
If you notice a potential hazard then you have a
responsibility to report it to an appropriate
person. This can include:
 your supervisor
 a safety officer
 the site supervisor
 any other person with a responsibility for the
project.
RISK ASSESSMENT
Once you have identified a hazard you need to
assess the risk that is created by the hazard. The
risk is the likelihood that a hazard will cause injury
or illness and how severe the injury or illness is
likely to be. When working out the level of risk,

you should consider the following:
 the nature of the hazard
 how it may affect the health and safety of workers
 how people are exposed to the hazard
 how much, how often, and how long a person is
exposed.
Risk assessments will also look at how the job is
done, where it is done, what training and skill is
needed to do the job and what control measures
are available.
There is no right or wrong answer. A risk
assessment is simply a process of gathering
information and making decisions.
CONTROL
After a hazard has been identified and the risk
assessed, suitable control measures should be
agreed upon and put into place. The aim is to
eliminate or minimise the risk to workers. Ideally
hazards should be controlled at their source.
To do this we use a simple list of control
measures. This is called the hierarchy of control.
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
Elimination - Do not use a hazardous substance
unless absolutely necessary.
Substitution - Change the hazardous substance
for one which is less hazardous.
Isolation - Use barriers or keep a distance from
the hazardous substance.
Engineering Controls - Use engineering controls
to stop producing, reduce, contain or limit the
spread of hazardous substance.
Administrative Controls - Use business processes
to identify and limit the hazard e.g. monitor
hazards, enforce policies and procedures.
Personal Protective Equipment - Wear PPE to
minimise contact with the hazard.
Order of preference
SPECIFIC HAZARDS
Whilst this learner guide cannot cover every
potential hazard on a construction site, the
following information provides a guide to
identifying and managing the following common
hazards:
 manual handling by an individual
 team lifting
 dust
 noise
 hazardous materials (in general)
 asbestos
 plant, equipment and tools
 situations.
MANUAL HANDLING
There will be many instances when you need to
move materials or equipment manually. Some of
the problems associated with manual handling
include:
 sudden, jerky movement or hard to hold objects
 bending, reaching or twisting
 remaining in one position for a long period
 tasks performed frequently, quickly or over a long

period of time
 moving loads from below mid thigh or above the
shoulders
 heavy or bulky loads
 shifting loads from one level to another
 poor lighting or rough ground
 personnel untrained in correct manual handling
techniques.
Possible controls
 ensure the ergonomic safe design of all new plant,
equipment, containers, work practices and work
environment
 change the workplace layout - adjustable work
heights
 train staff in how to avoid injury
 change the equipment used – select tools which are
easy to use and avoid unnecessary loads, stresses
and movements
 use mechanical lifting devices
 change the way jobs are done - eliminate
unnecessary handling or use smaller containers to
package loads
 change the way the workplace is organised - place
loads at correct height.
Safe lifting
Safe manual handling includes techniques that
workers should use for lifting. The following steps
are important when an individual needs to lift an
object within their capabilities.
Plan the lift

If the load is too heavy then get help.
If possible place your feet apart

Place one foot beside the load and one foot
behind it.
Bend your knees

Take hold of the load firmly with both hands
and knees bent.
Raise your head

Keep your chin in and your back in natural
alignment.
Lift the load to your waist slowly by

straightening your legs
Keep your elbows close to your body. Do not
twist your back.
To put the load down, bend your knees, not

your back
Keep your back straight.
TEAM LIFTING
Lifting loads that are beyond an individual’s
capabilities involves either team lifting or the use
of mechanical handling equipment. Team lifting
involves teamwork and the same lifting technique
on the previous page.
Get help from others of the

same build as yourself. Have
the team follow the directions
of a leader.
Plan the lift together. Make

sure all involved know exactly
what is going to happen.
Stand close to the load with

your feet apart. Make sure
the load is balanced.
Bend your knees and hold the

load firmly with both hands.
Keep back straight.
Lift by straightening your knees

together as a team. Keep close
to the load.
1, Move the load by walking

2, together with the leader calling
3 the steps. Keep an eye on the
,3 ground for unforseen
obstacles.
To put the load down, bend

your knees and keep your back
straight. Plan the placement so
that fingers are not caught
under the load.
DUST
Generally wherever there is a construction site
you will find dust. The very nature of construction
results in the production of dust. Some materials
such as cement or gypsum based materials
produce dust which can be a serious risk to
workers lungs and eyes.
Possible Controls
 use of water sprays and mists
 using wet methods for concrete cutting or friction
saws
 clean up debris promptly
 use of approved masks where there is an inhalation
risk.
NOISE
Excessive noise can cause permanent loss to
hearing and can also:
 distract attention
 drown out warning alarms etc
 add to fatigue and stress
 cause tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
 add to production costs by increasing absenteeism
and turnover.
A risk situation exists where it is necessary for
somebody to raise their voice to talk to another
person one metre away.
Possible controls
 set priorities to treat existing noisy equipment
 establish a ‘buy quiet ‘purchasing policy
 re-design noisy machines and processes to reduce
noise
 place noisy machines and processes in separate
room
 enclose noisy machinery in sound absorbing panels
(ensure they are sealed)
 fit silencers on exhaust systems
 issue personal ear protection where other controls
cannot be implemented and provide training for
their use.
Wearing in-ear listening devices e.g. iPod ear buds
can significantly reduce your ability to hear other
sounds. Where possible listen to music without
using headphones.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
You can find out hazard information about a
particular material from a range of sources
including: the product label, Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSD) and posters.
Assessment of hazardous materials involves a
review of jobs rather than individual chemicals
and is best performed by dividing the job into
tasks and reviewing:
 which hazardous substances are involved
 information about the substance, including its
MSDS
 the use of the substance
 level of exposure
 the number of employees/students exposed
 level of risk
 establishing emergency procedures and first aid.
Possible Controls
Hazardous materials are controlled by a number
of different measures, sometimes in conjunction
with each other. The measures should be used in
priority order as per the ‘Hierarchy of Controls’.
Elimination - Do not use a hazardous substance

unless absolutely necessary.
Substitution - Change the hazardous substance
for one which is less hazardous.
Isolation - Use barriers or keep a distance from
the hazardous substance.
Engineering Controls - Use engineering controls
to stop producing, reduce, contain or limit the
spread of hazardous substance.
Administration Controls - Administrative controls
can include:
 monitoring the amount of exposure to hazardous
materials in the workplace
 conducting health surveillance to monitor the
health status of individuals and identify changes
due to occupational exposure to hazardous
materials,
 record keeping.
Personal Protection Equipment - use the
appropriate PPE e.g. ventilators.
ASBESTOS
Asbestos, although now banned, was widely used
in the building industry up until the 1980s. Many
older buildings will contain asbestos. In order to
protect yourself it is important that you are able
to identify Asbestos containing materials (ACM)
and that you are clear about what you should and
should not do.
Asbestos is dangerous because when the fibres
are inhaled they lodge in the linings of the lungs
causing disease and cancer. A single fibre can
cause cancer but, as with smoking, the more you
expose yourself the higher the likelihood of
developing a problem. So, if an ACM cannot
release fibres it is of no risk. The most important
factor when calculating risk, therefore, is the
likelihood of fibre release following disturbance -
known as friability.
Under the law, asbestos-containing materials
(ACMs) are divided into two types:
1. Friable asbestos is asbestos-containing material

that, when dry, is easily crumbled. This is the
most dangerous group, it is also referred to as
blue asbestos and brown or grey (amphibole)
asbestos.
2. Bonded asbestos contains a bonding compound
reinforced with asbestos fibres. Bonded asbestos
is the less friable of the two categories. It is also
known as white (serpentine) asbestos).
You cannot accurately identify asbestos simply
from looking at it – this can only be done by
laboratory testing. However, if you are aware of
the common products that were made containing
asbestos you can take precautions when handling
them. It is far better to be over cautious than to
get a life threatening illness.
Friable Asbestos can only be removed by workers
who have been trained and hold an ‘A’ Class
certificate licensing them to carry out this work.
Bonded asbestos can be found in products such as
asbestos cement sheeting commonly used in
building materials between 1940s to the late
1980s. It is also found in:
 profiled sheets used on roofs and walls and flat
sheets in flashings
 imitation brick cladding
 roof shingles
 water or flue pipes
 plaster patching compounds
 textured paint
 vinyl and lino’ floor tiles
 friction products such as brake shoes, disc pads,
clutch housings or elevator brakes.
You do not require a certificate if you are
removing less than 10m2 of bonded asbestos
material however; you must be able to carry out
that work safely by following the procedures set
out in the asbestos removal code.
You can only remove more that 10m2 or more of

bonded asbestos-containing material at a
workplace if you have a bonded asbestos removal
certificate (also known as a 'B' class certificate); or
if you are working under the supervision of a
person who has an A class certificate.
To gain a 'B' class certificates you must undertake
training and demonstrate that you are competent
against the practices and procedures contained in
the asbestos removal code.
To minimise the disturbance of asbestos fibres
there are some tools and equipment that, by law,
you must not use when removing asbestos
containing material. These include:
 high-speed abrasive power and pneumatic tools
 high pressure water cleaners
 compressed air or abrasive blasting
 vacuum cleaners, other than specifically designed
for asbestos.
When working on non residential buildings you
should be able to refer to an asbestos register for
details of the locations of any ACM and its types
(e.g. asbestos cement sheet, asbestos lagging on
pipes and flues) and condition (i.e. damaged or
intact). By law the building owner must also use
warning signs and labels to ensure that the
asbestos is not unknowingly disturbed without
the correct precautions being taken.
The Code of Practice for Asbestos Management
and Control in the Workplace states that when a
domestic premises is also a workplace, for
example when someone is contracted to do
renovation work in a home the business
performing the work must establish an asbestos
management plan for the work to be carried out
so that all their workers are protected.
If you suspect that material you are about to work
on contains asbestos you must alert your
supervisor and follow their guidance.
PLANT, EQUIPMENT, TOOLS

Some items and situations may become potential
hazards if they are not identified and managed.
 air compressors
 cranes
 scaffolding
 ladders
 hand tools
 hand power tools
 explosive power tools
 excavations
 live or moving equipment.
POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS SITUATIONS

Some situations may become hazardous if they
are not carefully managed and they typically have
specific safety precautions that must be taken in
order to ensure worker’s safety. As a beginning
worker in the construction industry it is important
that you are aware that these situations pose a
greater risk than regular, everyday activities and
that you seek advice from your supervisor about
how you should perform your work.
These situations include, but are not limited to:
 personnel working overhead
 extreme temperatures and humidity
 poor lighting
 drugs and alcohol
 confined spaces
 poor hygiene
 bad housekeeping.
To reduce the chance of this occurring follow the
OHS directions listed above to minimise the risk of
injury, illness or death.
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT

DOCUMENTS
Your organisation will have a number of types of
documents that are specifically to help you plan
your work and to execute each task safely. These
include:
 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
 Safe Work Method Statements (SWMS)
For each job that you work on you should identify
which ones are applicable and then ensure that
you follow them whilst completing the task.
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

An MSDS is a document that provides containing
important information about a substance or
product that contains one or more hazardous
chemicals. They should be read before coming
into the contact with the substance as they tell
the user how to safely use and store it.
Your workplace should keep all the MSDSs that
are relevant to their work in an easily accessible
place e.g. a folder kept in the site office or a work
vehicle. If you find that you do not have a
particular MSDS you can get it from the material
supplier or over the internet.
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

JSAs provide information about a specific task and
the safest way to complete that task. They are
vital for worker safety but also help a company
establish and maintain their own quality
standards.
Each JSA documents the steps that must be
followed to complete the task and against each
step identifies potential hazards and the controls
that are used to minimise the risk. It also
identifies who is responsible for implementing
each control measure. An example JSA is provided
in the appendices.
SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT

A SWMS is similar to a JSA but is specifically used
for construction activities that are high risk. A
SWMS identifies the high risk tasks and:
 states the health and safety hazards and risks
 describes how the risks will be controlled
 describes how the risks will be controlled.
To ensure the highest level of safety a SWMS
should be prepared for each specific site and set
of circumstances. Therefore a generic SWMS is
unlikely to be useful.
Once it is written, all workers carrying out the
high risk activity should follow the SWMS.
TOPIC 3: WORK SAFELY

Once you have identified any potential risks and the ways in which you will minimise
them you are ready to start the construction task. It is absolutely essential that you do
not put your planning work to one side but that you actually use it to help you work
safely. The following information should be used to supplement this planning.
DRESS
When dressing for work make sure that you
follow these guidelines.
 Wear plain clothes that are loose fitting and keep
them buttoned up.
 Wear long sleeved tops, where necessary ensure it
is high visibility.
 Wear cuffless trousers.
 Wear suitable footwear and keep it in good repair.
Safety boots may be required in some situations.
 Keep long hair under a tight fitting cap as required
by regulations.
 Do not wear rings and wrist watches on the job.
 Wear eye protection when using, or working with
someone using, equipment that produces
dangerous fragments, particles or substances.
 Wear ear protection when using, or working with
someone using, very noisy equipment or tools.
 Cover your head for protection against the sun and
falling objects.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

Personal Protective Equipment should only be
used where other measures are not practical.
Efforts to use higher levels of controls should be
pursued as the first priority.
Personal Protective Equipment may reduce vision,
hearing or movement and may be uncomfortable
or awkward to move about in. These factors
should be considered when planning work, which
requires the use of Personal Protective
Equipment. Personal Protective Equipment is the
last resort in the hierarchy of control, not the first.
Your employer should provide training on the use
of all PPE.
Where equipment is used it must:

 comply to the relevant Australian Safety Standard
 be appropriate for the job
 be clean and functional
 fit the user correctly
 come with training in its needs and use
 be serviced regularly by appropriately trained staff
 not be freely interchanged with other workers as
disease and infection can be spread when some
items of PPE are shared.
Examples of commonly used Personal Protective
Equipment are:
 rubber gloves
 ear plugs
 cotton gloves
 leather gloves
 gum boots
 face shield
 safety glasses
 welders’ goggles
 safety shoes/boots
 hard hat
 compressed air mask
 respirator/dust mask
 ear muffs
 leather gloves
 barrier creams
 sun protection such as sunscreen and hats
 high visibility vests.
DRUGS, ALCOHOL, SMOKING AND MEDICATION

Being affected by or consuming drugs or alcohol is
strictly prohibited and extremely dangerous to
you and those working around you. You may still
be under the influence of alcohol the day after a
party. Some drugs e.g. Marijuana can remain in
your system for up to 6 weeks.
If you are taking prescribed medicines you must

advise you supervisor.
Supervisors should be informed of pre-existing
medical conditions that could affect your safety or
performance, for example claustrophobia,
epilepsy, diabetes and vertigo.
Smoking is prohibited in most workplaces. It is a
fire risk and a health risk for those working near
you.
BEHAVIOUR
 Do not trip or wrestle another person in your
workplace.
 Walk around the workplace. Do not run.
 Do not play practical jokes.
 Do not play with fire, electricity, compressed air or
water hoses.
 Never throw things about the workplace.
 Concentrate on the job you are doing and be aware
of what is going on around you.
 Get to know your work area thoroughly.
 Do not distract others who are concentrating on
their work.
BARRICADES
In order to work safely you must consider
whether you need to erect barricades on or
around the work site. This should be done at the
job planning stage so that you can ensure that the
barricade that you require is available on site at
the right time.
Barricades can be used to:
 manage traffic
 restict entry onto the site
 restrict access to parts of a site
 prevent people from falling into holes and trenches
or tripping over hazards
 secure materials; especially hazardous ones.
There are a number of different barricades that
can be used on site, depending on the specific
circumstances and the hazard that they are

intended to control. Examples inlcude:
 chain link fences
 wooden hoardings
 water filled plastic modules
 bunting
 tape.
Safety signs are often hung on barricades to
ensure that people understand what is required of
them.
SAFETY SIGNS
Safety signs and symbols are a way of
communicating potential hazards or dangerous
situations. They are a visual communication that
should be readily understood by all workers.
However, they are not to replace the need for
proper accident or hazard prevention procedures.
Safety signs are communicated by their colours
and shape.
Prohibition Signs
These signs indicate that an action or activity is
not permitted
 No smoking
 Do not drink this water
 No fires, flames or smoking
 No Parking
 Do not run.
Prohibition signs have a white background with a
red circle divided by a diagonal red line that
contains a black symbol.
Caution Signs
These signs warn of a hazard or hazardous
condition that is likely to be life threatening.
 Beware of fork lifts
 Chemical hazard
 Poison
 Speed humps
 Slippery surface.
Caution signs have a black border, yellow lettering
on a black background and black lettering on a
yellow background.
Emergency Signs
Emergency signs have a white symbol on a green
background. They indicate the location of, or give
directions to, emergency related facilities such as:
 Emergency shower
 First aid
 Exit
 Eye wash station
 Fire escape.
Mandatory (compulsory)
These signs indicate an instruction that must be
carried out. E.g.
 Eye protection must be worn
 Helmets must be worn
 Foot protection must be worn
 Respirators must be worn
 Gloves must be worn

 Noise protection must be worn.
They have a white symbol on a blue background.
Not all safety signs rely on symbols alone. Many

rely on the printed word to explain the dangers.
Typically these signs are either danger signs or
caution signs.
Danger Signs
Danger signs have a black border, white lettering
on red and black background and black lettering
on white background.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SIGNAGE

Signage is particular important when dealing with
hazardous materials. They can be used to
indicate:
 the presence of a hazardous material in a building
e.g. asbestos
 that hazardous materials are stored in an area
 the PPE that must be used.
TAGS AND TAGGING PROCEDURES

Tags are attached either temporarily or
permanently to products, tools, equipment or
machinery to warn workers of a situation that can
be dangerous, even life threatening.
You have an obligation to:
 place tags should the situation require it, to warn
other workers of hazards or dangers.
 read and obey all tags that you find placed on
products, tools, equipment and machinery.
 leave tags in place. It is an offence to remove a tag
without authority.
Electrical Safety p11 Online 2003
Available:
http://www.eric.sa.gov.au/uploaded_files/electr
icalbooklet.pdf 2 October 2004
Unsafe equipment, empty cylinders, hazardous
substances, hazardous waste material, something
that is hot, dangerous, flammable or equipment
that is out of order, are just a few examples of
items that may be tagged in the workplace.
Portable electrical equipment, including flexible

cords, need to be regularly inspected for wear and
mechanical damage, and periodically tested for
earth continuity and insulation resistance.
Procedures for testing of electrical leads, tools
and equipment and the frequency of these tests
are described in the Joint Australian and New
Zealand Standard AS/NZ 3760 In-service safety
inspection and testing of electrical equipment.
BARRICADES
 Barricades, hoardings and signage must be
adequately placed around excavations and other
areas where workers or the public could be placed
at risk, for example over footpaths where work is
being carried out overhead.
 Areas must be clearly signed at all times and
illuminated at night to ensure the area is visible.
 Permission from the correct authority may have to
be gained for example, councils or regulatory
bodies.
LADDERS
 Before using ladders inspect them for damage.
Damaged ladders are not to be used under any
circumstances.
 Ladders must be long enough for the job and
secured at the top and/or bottom.
 Set the ladder at the correct angle, 1 in 4, before
climbing.
 Make sure the ladder extends at least one metre
above the work or landing platform.
 Tools should not be carried in your hand when
climbing up or down.
 Never use a metal ladder for electrical work. Use
the appropriate electrical ladder. Check for
overhead wires.
 Clean mud and grease from your footwear before
using a ladder.
 Take care to avoid overhead power lines and other
obstructions.
WORKING AT HEIGHTS
Many serious injuries in the building and
construction industry are caused by falling and
care must be taken when working at height,
especially when working on roofs. The National
Code of Practice for the Prevention of Falls in
General Construction provides detailed
information on how to work safely at heights.
The following are some general tips:
 Be conscious of your surroundings to prevent
overbalancing, slipping or tripping.
 Beware of slippery boards, missing guardrails on
scaffolding and walkways.
 Beware of openings in floors and penetrations that
are not properly protected.
 Report all openings or missing railings so they can
be protected.
 Know emergency procedure, emergency telephone
numbers and how to render the correct form of
assistance.
 Use fall arrest protection where there is a danger of
falling.
SCAFFOLDING
The following points are specific information for
uncertificated workers
 All scaffolding must be erected in compliance with
statutory regulations and such scaffolding and
accessories must conform to regulations.
 All persons erecting scaffolding or altering
scaffolding over 4 metres high must be holders of a
current certificate of competency in scaffolding.
 Damaged planks must not be used and must be
removed from the workplace.
 Kickboards must be secured in place and guard rails
installed.
 Mobile scaffolding must be fitted with wheel locks
which are to be in place whenever somebody is
working on the scaffold.
 Mobile scaffolds must not be moved when people

are on them.
 Access by way of an internal ladder is to be
provided for all scaffolds and work platforms.
 Access ladders must be used. You are not permitted
to climb the scaffold framework.
 Tools and equipment are not to be left on scaffolds.
HAND TOOLS
 Use the right tools for the job
 Do not use tools or equipment with loose-fitting,
split or damaged handles.
 Keep all tools sharp, clean and in good working
condition.
 Only use files or rasps when they have handles.
 Protect cutting edges of tools and equipment.
 Use safety guards.
 Keep jobs under control by holding with a vice,
clamp or jig.
 Keep all parts of your body behind cutting edges.
 Do not use punches, bolsters, or chisels with
mushroomed ferrules or ends.
 Do not test cutting edges with your fingers.
 Do not blow away dust or timber chips with your
mouth.
 Maintain all tools and equipment in excellent
condition.
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
 All electrical equipment must be protected by an
Earth Leakage Core Breaker (ELCB) now known as a
Residual Current Device (RCD) at the power point
end of the cord.
 All flexible electrical cables must be double or single
insulated as required by Australian Safety Standard
3000.
 They must be fixed in such a position as to be safe
from accidental damage.
 All extension cords must comply with AS3000 and
must be inspected and tagged on a regular basis by
a trained and competent person.
 Extension cords must be sourced away from

hazards.
 If a building has more than one floor, the cord must
not be used beyond the floor on which it is
connected to the power supply.
 All three-pin plugs must contain safety barriers and
no damaged plug or socket can be used.
 Double adaptors and ‘piggy-back ‘ plugs are
forbidden on construction sites.
Remember electricity is colourless, odourless,
weightless and it can KILL.
POWER TOOLS
 Keep all leads, plugs and tools in good condition.
Damaged leads, wiring or equipment must be
replaced or reported to the supervisor immediately.
 Do not coil or twist leads tightly.
 Do not use leads when they are still coiled.
 Only use 3 core extension leads that have been
electrically tested.
 Operate tools at specified voltage.
 Only licensed electricians can carry out repairs to
electrical equipment.
 Earth leakage protection is required. All equipment
should be approved by relevant electrical
authorities prior to use.
 Keep power leads up off the ground and do not
hang them from scaffolding.
 The use of double adaptors and piggy-back fittings
are not permitted in any workplace.
 Keep power tools dry. During wet weather, covers
must be provided for exposed equipment. If covers
are not provided, tools and equipment must not be
used.
 Keep all liquid fuels in their correct containers and
properly stored.
 Only refuel, using a funnel, after the tools or
equipment have been switched off.
 Exchange bits or blades after tool has been
switched off and unplugged.
 Do not place tool down until moving parts have
stopped.
 Do not smoke when refuelling.

 Use warning signs, notices, barriers and tags when
appropriate or required.
 Do not force power tools. If this is necessary, then it
could mean something needs sharpening.
 Adjust guards as necessary. Do not remove them.
 Read and follow manufacturers’ operating
instructions before using tools and equipment.
 Some tools and equipment require training,
permits, certificates or licences before you can
operate them. If you are not qualified to use the
tool or piece of equipment then do not use that tool
or piece of equipment.
COMPRESSED AIR
Many tools and pieces of equipment use
compressed air for power and cleaning.
Compressed air can KILL. It can:
 blast slivers of wood, steel or concrete into eyes,
through skin and deeply into flesh
 peel skin off in seconds
 enter the blood stream and endangers life.
When using a compressor you should:
 situate compressor in well ventilated area clear of
obstructions
 check airlines and tools before using them
 fasten all hoses securely
 release pressurised air and disconnect airlines
before making any adjustments to power tools or
leaving them unattended
 drain and check hoses and storage cylinder regularly
 do not overload unit
 never use compressed air to blow dust from
clothing or skin.
EXPLOSIVE POWER TOOLS

These tools use explosive charges to fire fixings
into steel and concrete. They are like a firearm.
They can KILL
The OHS Regulations require that a person must
be fully trained to use these tools.
 You must be over 18 years of age.
 You must be able to identify the colours used to
identify the various strength of charges.
 You must be properly trained in:
 the correct use, adjustment, dismantling and
assembly of tools
 the correct identification and use of explosive
charges.
 You must have received instruction as to the
dangers associated with these tools.
 You must know of the precautions necessary when
using them.
 Warning signs must be displayed when using such
tools (‘WARNING – EXPLOSIVE POWERED TOOLS IN
USE).
 It is recommended that tools be completely
overhauled at least every twelve months.
 The tools must not be modified in any way.
 Safety glasses and hearing protection must be
worn.
 You must not leave the tool in a loaded condition.
 Lock the tools away when they are not in use.
 An employee must provide an employer with
written evidence of his/her training and instruction
(i.e. Licence).
CRANES
 Cranes can only be operated by authorised crane
operators.
 Crane operators and dogging certificate holders
must work closely with each other, co-operate and
know what each other is doing.
 Only dogging certificate holders are to direct the
crane operator.
 Riding loads is prohibited.
 Slings, ropes and chains are to be checked daily.

 Loads must be correctly slung.
 You must not stand under any loads.
 Crane and mobile machinery operators must check
clearance of electrical power lines when setting up
or operating.
 Any defect with cranes, machinery and associated
equipment must be reported to the supervisor
immediately.
TRENCH COLLAPSES
 Most trench collapses are caused as a result of a
chain of foreseeable events, which are
unfortunately often ignored.
 Trench collapses are often lethal as workers seldom
have time to escape.
 Persons in charge of excavations must ensure that
risks to the safety of persons involved in the
excavation are identified before the work
commences.
 Do not place tools, pipes or equipment within
600mm of the top edge of the trench.
 Any trench in excess of 1.5m deep should be shored
or widened at the top.
 Use ladders to enter and leave deep trenches.
 Do not allow machinery close to the edge of the
trench.
Inspections should be carried out frequently to
see that:
 trench sides are not being undercut by excavator
buckets,
 supports are not being over-stressed,
 the ground does not begin to collapse into the
trench,
 tension cracks do not appear along the top edges of
the trench,
 trench walls do not sag under the weight of the
excavator.
Collapsing trenches can kill so take care
CHEMICAL AND FIBRE-BASED PRODUCTS

 Chemical and fibre-based substances introduced to
the workplace must not be used unless they are
accompanied by a Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS).
 The responsible employer/manager/supervisor/
trainer will ensure that the use of these products
will not be harmful to those workers handling them.
 The person in charge will also see that the correct
procedures for use are followed and that the
correct protective equipment is worn.
TOPIC 4: MANAGING EMERGENCIES

No matter how safe the workplace might be, experience shows that there will always be
accidents on a building and construction site. These accidents can range from minor
personal injury such as cutting a finger with a chisel, to catastrophic events that result in
loss of life.
There are many types of emergencies that can
occur. These include:
 fire
 gas leaks
 chemical spills
 medical problems
 collapsed or unstable structures
 broken power lines
 bomb threats
 explosions
 natural disasters
 malfunctioning equipment.
Emergencies impact on the business as they can
cause loss of time, waste materials and create
unnecessary expense. Emergencies also impact on
individuals as they can result in personal injury,
loss of income and even loss of life.
It is not the intention of this section to cover all
eventualities or the skills that the trainee may
need, rather it is to introduce some key aspects
relating to managing emergencies.
EVACUATION PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS

 OHS legislation requires business to have
evacuation procedures in place by law.
 It is a legal requirement that every person is familiar
with the evacuation procedure – it is usually
covered during a site induction.
 The evacuation procedure should be placed in
strategic locations around the work site with
diagrams of the floor layout, exit doors and
assembly points.
 Regular ‘exit drills’ for the evacuation procedure
should be practiced.
 If a fire is detected then the priority is to see that all

personnel threatened by the fire can reach a place
of safety via safe exit routes.
 A fire warden should explain the procedures to all
employees/students.
 Trainees must make themselves familiar with the
procedures and must know exactly how to respond
in an emergency.
 Work supervisors/trainers should clarify any points
of concern to the trainee.
 The location of all fire extinguishers and fire alarms
should be noted.
EVACUATION PROCEDURES
It is essential that each workplace has a clearly
defined procedure to be followed in the event of
an emergency.
This should include:
 nature of the warning to be used (siren, whistle,
alarm)
 evacuation procedure including:
 rescuing workers if it is safe to do so
 things to be turned off or closed down
 exits to be used
 specific procedures to be used in such
circumstances as smoke filled environments,
electrification of a structure, collapsed trench
or structure
 checks to be made
 assembly areas for workers so that a roll can be
taken in case some workers are unaccounted
for
 emergency telephone numbers
 personnel with specific responsibilities such as:
 isolation of gas, electricity and other supply
services
 roll call of workers
 liaison and direction of emergency services
 first aid or fire officer
 deciding when it is all clear to resume work.
It is important to familiarise yourself with the

emergency procedures at your workplace and also
the designated safety officers, supervisors,
managers and senior personnel who must be
notified in the event of an emergency, accident,
fire or potential hazard.
If you need to call the Emergency Services
remember that the numbers are:
 000 from landlines
 112 from mobiles.
FIRES AND FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
FIRES
Fires in Australia cost the industry and the
community millions of dollars each year. The costs
of fire include:
 death and injury suffered by the victims of fire and
the effect on their immediate families
 property and contents damage.
Understanding fire safety is everyone’s
responsibility. Human error causes 95% of all fires.
Fire is sudden, unexpected and a killer.
WHAT IS A FIRE?
Simply put, fire is a chemical reaction, which
occurs when fuel (gaseous or vaporous) is
combined with oxygen and a heat source. A solid
fuel provides the necessary vapours which, when
burnt, contribute to the fire. There are 3 elements
that need to be present for fire to occur. These
are:
AIR HEAT
FUEL
Oxygen Oxygen is always available in the air we

breathe
Fuel Fuels can be defined as
 solid combustibles such as paper,
cardboard, plastics, clothing
 flammable liquids such as petrols, oils,
paints, solvents
 flammable gas such as natural gas, LPG,
acetylene
Heat To ignite the fire a heat source is required.
Once the fire starts the oxidation reaction
sustains the fire. Sources of ignition
include:
 faulty electrical equipment
 friction
 cigarettes, lighters, matches.
These 3 elements have come to be known as the
Fire Triangle.
PRINCIPLES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHING

To extinguish a fire, one or more of the 3
elements of the fire triangle must be removed.
This can be achieved by:
Cooling - spray with water to remove heat
Smothering - apply a fire blanket to prevent fuel
vapours combining with oxygen
Starving - Remove or separate unburnt fuel, for
example turn off the gas
Inhibiting - Inhibit chain reaction by changing
combustion chemistry.
CLASSES OF FIRE
Fires are classified according to the type of fuel
involved. They are as follows:
A - ordinary combustibles such as paper, wood,
cardboard
B - flammable and combustible liquids such as
methylated spirits
C - flammable gases such as LPG
D - combustible metals such as magnesium
E - electrical fires
F - cooking oils and fats.
Each of these classes of fires is fought using a
different type of extinguisher.
CLASSES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Water Solid Red in Suitable for Class A fires.

colour Water cools the fire and
hence this extinguisher is
not suitable for Class E
fires and is not considered
effective on Class B and C
fires.
Direct the stream at the
base of the fire and keep it
moving across the area
involved.
Foam New Colour Red Suitable for Class B Fires,
with Blue Band may be used on Class A
fires.
This extinguisher is
dangerous if used on
electrical equipment.
Direct the stream to fall
gently on the burning
liquid.
Dry Chemical or Colour Red with ABE rated – suitable for

Powder White Band Class A, B and E fires. Not
effective on Class F fires
BE rated – suitable for
Class B, C, and E fires.
Limited effectiveness on
Class F fires and
considered not effective
on Class A fires.
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) Red with a black Suitable for Class E fires.
band A cloud like heavy gas that
excludes the air and
smothers the fire. Direct
the stream in a sweeping
pattern at the base of the
fire.
Wet Chemical Colour is Red Suitable on class F fires

with Oatmeal and may be used on Class
Band A Fires. Not to be used on
Class E fires.
Vapourising Liquid New Colour is Suitable for Class A and

Red with Yellow Class E fires.
Band
FIRE BLANKETS
A fire blanket is a dense blanket, made from
fireproof material. It is used to smother a fire.
These are recommended for use in kitchen areas,
especially for cooking fires involving oils and fats.
FIRE HOSE OPERATION

1. Turn on water supply. This action frees the nozzle,
ensuring that the hose is charged with water
before proceeding to the scene of the fire.
2. At the scene of the fire turn water on by
operating nozzle.
3. After the fire is extinguished shut off nozzle,
rewind hose on reel, place lock in interlock
assembly and lock it in position by turning hand-
wheel of main valve off.
ESCAPING FROM A FIRE

In the event of a fire you need to quickly decide:
 whether it can be controlled by those present
 if a safe, clear escape route exists.
If you can safely extinguish the fire always keep
yourself between the fire and the escape route.
If immediate evacuation is called for because the
fire is out of control, threatens the escape route
or smoke is posing a hazard then:
 rescue any injured workers if it is safe to do so
 open and close doors along the escape route slowly
and cautiously (closed doors prevent draughts
assisting the fire)
 do not use lifts as the power may fail and lift shafts
act like updraught chimneys
 be aware of dangers posed by smoke or gases
generated by the fire (avoid breathing in smoke or
dangerous gases)
 in smoke-filled areas keep low, even crawl with
your mouth and nose covered and as close as
possible to the floor
 never go back for anything once the evacuation has

commenced
 never re-enter a burning building
 close doors when leaving a building
 sound the alarm if it has not been sounded
 telephone for assistance if necessary
 report to the designated assembly area and remain
there until advised otherwise.
When telephoning for emergency assistance
provide the following details:
 your name
 nature of emergency – fire, medical, ambulance
 location/address/site entrance/ or state if calling
from a mobile
 nature of injuries/type of fire
 other information asked for.
If you do find or have a fire remember the
following six SAFETY steps
S ound the alarm immediately.

A dvise the fire brigade.
F ight the fire with equipment available.
E vacuate the site if necessary.
T ell everybody to get clear.
Y ou must not re-enter a burning building.
GOOD HOUSEKEEPING
Practicing good housekeeping is one of the
simplest ways to prevent a fire and other
accidents on a building and construction site.
Attention to good housekeeping is everybody’s
responsibility. The following are just a few points
to remember and act upon:
 excessive materials, unused equipment, waste
materials, packaging and wrapping materials and
general rubbish should be removed or correctly
stored
 materials, goods and equipment should not be
stored under stairs
 flammable liquids should be kept to a minimum and

stored in a flammable liquids cupboard or removed
to separate storage areas
 metal bins, not plastic should be provided for
rubbish
 metal bins with lids should be provided for waste
materials that have been soaked with flammable
liquids
 exhaust fans should be provided in areas where
harmful fumes are present
 holding areas for waste materials should be located
away from structures.
 ‘No Smoking’ signs should be prominently displayed
 doorways should be kept clear.
Good housekeeping is also very important for
environmental reasons as a clean and tidy site
helps to prevent waste from accidentally entering
the waterways and air, and from littering the
nearby area.
In particular the following housekeeping practices
can minimise environmental impact:
 covering materials to prevent them from being
blown away
 establishing clean up soakage pits/ water run off
systems
 providing waste and recycling bins before the
commencement of works.
TOPIC 5: INJURY MANAGEMENT

Accidents and injuries will happen no matter how much care is taken. Minor injuries can
be readily treated by yourself or somebody near you. Other injuries may require the
attention of qualified medical personnel.
Generally the designated First Aid Officer will
administer first aid on site. However, you will
almost certainly be confronted with situations in
your working life where you may be required to
provide first aid assistance to someone. This
section is designed to give you a basic knowledge
of the processes and practical actions that should
be followed when someone is injured at work.
FIRST AID OFFICERS

In addition to designated Health and Safety
Representatives in a workplace there can also be
designated First Aid Officers. Their main duties
include:
 providing first aid management in the event of an
accident or emergency
 maintaining first aid kit/sick room
 record keeping
 reporting of Health and Safety Hazards.
FIRST AID KITS

First aid kits and rooms have legislated minimum
requirements. If there are specific hazards
associated with the workplace extra equipment
may be required. There are regulations governing
the number of first aid kits required according to
the number of workers on site and the nature of
the construction. First aid kits should be readily
accessible to all workers in the work place.
INJURY MANAGEMENT
Below is a simple process of what to do if a
workplace injury occurs:
 emergency first aid is given
 record the occurrence at the workplace
 notify the Health and Safety Representative
 investigate the occurrence and take preventative

action
 provide compensation and rehabilitation.
Each of these steps is essential and it is
worthwhile looking at them in more detail.
ADMINISTER FIRST AID

The initial step of first aid management is the DR
ABC Action Plan. This is a series of steps that
should be taken when a casualty situation arises.
D – Danger
Check for presence of danger to you, others and
casualty
R – Response
Is the casualty conscious or unconscious?
A – Airway
Check airway is open and clear of objects
B – Breathing
Can you see, hear or feel the casualty breathing
Expired Air Resuscitation (EAR) may be required
C – Circulation
Does the casualty have a pulse?
Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) may be
required
FIRST AID TREATMENT

As mentioned above the first step when any casualty situation arises is to follow the
DRABC Action Plan. Providing the injured worker is out of danger and breathing the
following injuries can be managed as set out below. It is also important to note that,
where practical, follow correct hygiene procedures to prevent infection and cross-
contamination.
Injury Signs & Symptoms Treatment

Bleeding – Venous Dark red blood oozing from Apply direct pressure to
wound wound with dressing, pads
and bandages
Raise injured part
Bleeding – Arterial Bright red blood spurting Apply direct pressure to
from the wound wound with dressing, pad
and firm bandages
Call 000
Raise injured part
Minimise and treat for
shock
Shock The casualty is Reassure casualty
 Pale & cold Call for ambulance
 Suffering from dizziness & Raise legs
nausea Maintain body warmth
 Breathing rapidly and has
a rapid pulse
 Restless & thirsty
Eye Injuries Foreign object visible in the If the object is embedded in
eye the eye or attached to
Irritation to the eye cornea refer to medical
Pain practitioner – do not
attempt to remove
If object is visible remove
using corner of clean moist
cloth
If object is not visible flush
with saline or clean water
Amputation Loss of body part Apply direct pressure to
wound
Apply sterile dressing and
bandage
Raise limb
Manage amputated part –
do not wash or soak, but
wrap in gauze, place in

water tight container such
as a plastic bag and place in
iced cold water.
Refer to medical assistance
Embedded Object Foreign object is embedded Control bleeding as
in wound and penetrated mentioned above
tissue Place padding around
object and bandage over
padding
Call 000
Fractures Pain at injury site Control any bleeding and
Swelling at injury site cover any wound
Deformity at injury site Ask casualty not to move
injured part
Immobilise fracture with
bandages
Seek medical aid
Strains and Sprains Pain Follow RICE procedure
Swelling R – Rest injured part
Bruising I – Ice injury 15 min every 2
Restricted movement hrs for 24hrs then 15 min
every 4 hrs for 48 hrs
C – Compression bandages
should be firmly applied to
injury
E – Elevate injured part
Burns Pain Cool burnt area for 10 min,
Broken skin for example hold burnt area
Fluid loss which can lead to under cold running water
shock Cover burnt area with non-
adherent or burns dressing
Refer to medical
practitioner if required
Electrical Burns As for Burns however an Turn off power source if
electrical burn can possible
penetrate skin without Remove casualty from
showing any signs on the electricity supply without
surface of the skin touching worker
Follow procedure for
general burns
Chemical Burns As for Burns however some Wash chemical off using
chemicals will continue to large quantities of water for
burn while in contact with at least 20 min
the skin Remove contaminated
Clothing
Call 000

Bitumen Burns As for Burns. Please note do As for general burns but
not attempt to remove cool for 30 min
bitumen from skin or eyes
unless there is an airway
obstruction
Poisoning Abdominal pain If casualty is unconscious
Nausea call for ambulance
Burning in the mouth If atmosphere is
Breathing difficulty contaminated with smoke
or gas contact fire brigade
Headache
If casualty is conscious
Blurred vision
ascertain nature of
substance that has resulted
in poisoning and contact
ambulance or Poison
Information Centre 131126
Bites and Stings Pain Rest and reassure casualty
Nausea Apply a pressure bandage
Rash over affected area and as
Swelling far up the limb as possible
Difficulty Breathing If bitten by a Red Back
Spider use Cold compress
instead of pressure
bandage
Seek medical attention if
required
ADVANCED FIRST AID TRAINING

More advanced training can be provided by an
accredited provider of first aid training. It is
important to remember that if a person is injured
or becomes sick at work the quality and speed of
the appropriate first aid that is provided will be
essential in minimising the severity of the injury or
illness.
OHS REPORTING
Whenever you identify a hazard, see an accident
nearly happen or actually happen, you have a
responsibility to report it to your supervisor. In
small organisations this can sometimes be done
verbally but it is preferable to document it in
writing so that all the details can be established
and used to improve future work practices.
The reports that you might be required to provide

include:
Hazard report
This report is completed when you identify
something that could cause an accident. If it can
be fixed quickly injury can be prevented.
Near miss report
This report is completed when something
happens to make you aware that a risk or hazard
exists. It may not have resulted in injury this time
but could cause an accident if not attended to. For
example if you carefully open an unlabelled
container only to find that it is filled with
corrosive liquid you have had a ‘near miss’.
Another worker in a hurry might not be so careful
and spill the contents on him/ her self. If you
complete a near miss report and the container is
labelled appropriately any future accidents are
likely to be avoided.
Incident/ injury report
If an accident does happen, especially where
somebody is injured, an accident/ injury report
should be completed. This should provide specific
details of how the injury was caused, the
treatment administered to the patient and any
other relevant details. In the case of serious
accidents this report may be required by
authorities.
REPORTING INCIDENTS TO THE AUTHORITIES

OHS Regulations require an employer to report
certain work related injuries and dangerous
occurrences to the appropriate Regulatory
Authority immediately. These include:
 any death
 any injury which has immediate symptoms
associated with exposure to a substance
 any injury that requires treatment as an in-patient
at a hospital immediately after the injury.
These types of injuries can be reported to the
Regulatory Authority by telephone or fax. This will
enable the inspector to conduct an immediate
investigation if it is required. The telephone call or

fax should be followed up by written confirmation
of the occurrence or injury.
A dangerous occurrence is any event which arises
from operations carried out at a workplace and
which causes immediate and significant risk to a
person. A person does not have to be injured. It is
the risk that is important. Some relevant examples
of a dangerous occurrence include:
 the collapse, overturning or failure of the load
bearing of any scaffolding, lift, carne, hoist or mine-
winding equipment
 the unintended collapse of the floor, wall or ceiling
of a building being used as a workplace
 an electrical short circuit, malfunction or explosion.
Dangerous occurrences must be reported as soon
as practical by telephone to the appropriate
Government agency even if no one was injured.
This must then be followed up within 24 hours in
writing. This is done by completing a form
provided by the regulatory authority.
In some instances you must also report dangerous
occurrences to the local Fire Brigade and/ or the
local environmental protection agency.
CONDUCT AN INVESTIGATION
An investigation is carried out to find out what
happened and why, in order to prevent a similar
occurrence. The employer must have procedures
in place for an investigation and this is the
responsibility of the manager/supervisor. The
Health and Safety Representative can be involved
in the investigation and if needed an OHS
professional can be consulted for advice. It is also
advisable to check the OHS Regulations and
relevant Codes of Practice to clarify minimum
requirements.
Investigations should not focus on what people
did or did not do. An investigation should occur as
soon as practicable after the occurrence.
An investigation can be conducted in several
ways. Here are some examples:
Physical evidence
The investigation needs to consider what
equipment or substances were being used, what
was the environment like, weather, noise,
lighting, location of the injured person.
Information can be gathered by taking notes,
photos, videos, drawing sketches and collecting
samples (such as broken tools).
Eye witness accounts
Talk to people individually rather than in a group.
Be sensitive to the fact that some people might be
shaken. Listen and only take short notes. At the
end of the discussion, confirm with the person
that you have recorded the information correctly.
Background information
Check injury reports, records, documented
procedures and policies, have a look at training
records and maintenance reports. If there has
been a death or an immediate notifiable injury (as
discussed earlier), no-one must alter the site
without the permission of the Regulatory
Authority.
Write a report
Once all of the information has been collected it is
analysed, and then, based on the findings,
recommendations made for what preventative
action needs to occur. The report is then given to
the appropriate people such as the
employer/manager and Health and Safety
Representative to take action on.
WORKERS COMPENSATION AND REHABILITATION

All Australian workers are covered for a work
related injury, illness or disease under the
relevant Workers Rehabilitation and
Compensation Act. This Act is administered in
each state through various workers compensation
bodies and agents. Agents provide claims
management and other services to the employer
and injured workers. Employers work one-to-one
with their claims agent on the day-to-day
management of claims. The State Body then
monitors agents to make sure that they comply
with the Act.
REHABILITATION
The emphasis of the Act is the rehabilitation of
injured workers and their return to productive
work. There is a legal obligation for employers to
keep a person employed, and if necessary employ
them on different duties that their injury allows
them to perform. The injured employee has the
right to choose their rehabilitation provider with
assistance from their Health and Safety
Representative.
The aim of the return to work plan is to return the
injured worker to the work they did before the
injury as quickly and safely as possible. In general,
the support of both managers and fellow
employees is essential to assist the worker to
return to work.
ASSESSMENT TASKS
Complete these assessment tasks in your copy of the student answer book.
Exercise 1
1. Explain what role OHS committees play in workplaces.
2. On a construction site the Occupational Health and Safety Representative has

announced the presence of hazardous materials. Using the Hierarchy of Control how
would you control this hazard in order of priority?
3. If you identify a risk on site what should you do?
4. List three types of documents that can help you to identify risks and work safely?
5. Describe what a ‘near miss’ report is and why it is important to fill them out.
6. You need to store several containers of toxic chemicals on site. What safety
precautions must you take?
7. You and your supervisor are about to start renovating a house built in the 1960s.
Give three examples of material that might contain asbestos that could have been
used in the original house. As a beginning worker what is your responsibility if you
see, or suspect the presence of, any of these materials in the house?
8. Name three tools that you must not use if you suspect asbestos is present.
9. List the Personal Protective Equipment that you think would be required to drill a
10mm hole in a masonry wall.
10. List the Personal Protective Clothing items that you think would be required to work
on a multi-storey construction site.
11. Complete the following table with the appropriate safety precautions:
Scenario Safety Precaution

How would you avoid cutting yourself
when using sharp cutting tools?
How would you avoid creating a tripping
hazard when using a mains connected
power tool?
How do you avoid breathing toxic fumes
produced by a petrol driven generator?
When carrying bags of cement how would
you avoid injuring your back?
How do you prevent breathing
complications from using cement powder?
How do you avoid falling off a ladder?
12. Make a sketch and give the meaning of at least 2 signs, 2 symbols and 2 tags that
you have found in your training area and/ or on a work site you have visited.
Key in your answers and then print out the page to complete drawings.
Sign, Symbol Meaning Sign, Symbol Meaning

or Tag or Tag
13. List the steps involved in conducting an investigation into a workplace accident.
14. You have tripped on an extension cord and are now unable to put weight on you left
leg. Complete a Workcover Notice of Work Related Injury form, provided by your
trainer.
15. List 5 emergencies that could confront you on a building and construction site.
16. The fire alarm sounds and you are on the second floor of a building carrying out
general repairs. There is plenty of smoke about, what do you do?
17. When calling for the emergency services, what number do you dial and what
information should you provide?
Telephone Number:
Information:
18. List 3 ways of extinguishing a fire.
19. For each of the following scenarios suggest the class of fire extinguisher that would
be most effective in fighting the fore.
a Your rubbish skip/ bin catches on fire. It contains off cuts of wood, cardboard
packaging and other miscellaneous paper.
b You are using Meths to clean up some paint when you accidentally spill the 10L
drum and the contents catch alight.
c You are refuelling your LPG driven equipment when a fire occurs.
d Your electric saw bursts into flames whilst you are working.
20. Outline the DRABC Action Plan.
21. List the action you would take if:
a. A co-worker cuts their leg with an angle grinder resulting in a wound oozing
blood.
b. You find a co-worker on the floor, unconscious, with an electric drill in their
hand.
c. A co-worker, using an electric saw, has amputated their thumb.
d. A co-worker falls from a ladder resulting in a fractured arm.
Exercise 2
1. Using either a construction site identified by your trainer or your work placement
site, compete the following. Add additional pages if required.
a. List any potential hazards/ risks that you identify.
b. To whom should you report these hazards/ risks and how would you go about
making the report?
c. What measures are in place/ or could be put in place to control these risks?
d. Describe how any hazardous materials will be managed.
e. Describe how you will plan and prepare to work safely on this site.
f. Give an example of at least one MSDS and JSA that you will use.
g. List any safety signs/ symbols/ tags that are used on the site.
h. Describe how you will work safely to carry out the work.
i. How will you communicate with other people on the site to make sure you are
all safe?
j. What housekeeping strategies will be used on the site?
k. Describe what you will do if there is an emergency.
APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF TERMS

access entry
adequate sufficient, enough
annually yearly
ballot vote, poll
caution attentiveness
claustrophobia fear of being confined, trapped, closed in
combustible will burn
compensation payment
competent capable, can do it
conduct direct, manage, carry out
consult talk to, discuss with
consultation discussion with somebody
cuffless without cuffs
data information, statistics
default failure
designated appointed
Dogger licensed worker who directs cranes
ELCB Earth Leakage Device. Earth Leakage Core-Balance.
eliminate get rid of
emergency Situation needing urgent attention
evacuate leave, get out
flammable will burn
flexible will bend
goggles protective eye equipment like glasses
hazardous dangerous, risky
hierarchy a graded or ranked list
immediately now, straight away
isolation separation from, concealment
legislation legally binding laws
liable responsible
limbs arms or legs
location place
malfunction break down
medication medicine, tablet treatment
obey do as you are asked, or told
participation taking part, joining in
penetrations sticking through, into, or out of
petroleum petrol based
prohibition ban
rehabilitation repair, retrain
representative person elected or nominated to present the views of a
group
responsibilities things you are expected to do, or take care of
resuscitation revival, bring back from death
shoring the act or operation of propping up with shores

sling harness, strap, brace
smother cover, keep the air out
substitution replacement with an alternative
surveillance close observation or watch
symbol An emblem or mark we all recognise
toxic poisonous
unobstructed clear
vermin mice, rats
vertigo fear of heights
witnessed saw, observed
DEFINITIONS FROM THE OHS ACT

accident An unexplained occurrence or incident that causes
or contributes to a personal injury or damage to
property
contract of service A contract of Apprenticeship
A contract under which a person receives on-job
training
employee A person who is employed under a contract, or who
works under a contract.
employer A person who employs an employee under a
contract of service. One for whom work is done
under a contract of service
safe Means safe from injury and risk to health
occupier One who has the management or control of the site
workplace Any place, including aircraft, ships or vehicles, where
an employee or self-employed person works. This
includes anywhere a person goes while at work.
construction work Building work.
Demolition of any building or structure or part of a
structure.
Work in or in conjunction with:
excavating, shaft sinking or tunnelling
the construction or maintenance of any road works,
permanent railway, busway or tramway
Dredging
Placing, laying or maintenance of pipes or cables
regardless of whether the pipes are laid above or
below the ground
Earth moving by power driven equipment
Work where a crane or scaffolding is used
Work with thermal or acoustic insulation.
public authority An agent or instrumentality of the Crown
APPENDIX B: EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS

The following table contains a summary of the key employability skills covered by this
workbook.
Employability Skills Industry/enterprise requirements for this

qualification include
Communication  Communicates with clients, colleagues and others using
effective and appropriate communication techniques.
 Understands, interprets and applies information as required
from relevant:
 OHS requirements
 Codes and standards
 Safety signs and symbols
 Organisational policies and procedures
 Understands relevant definitions, terminology, symbols,
abbreviations and language
 Records relevant information using standard workplace
documentation
 Reports and records hazards and risks
Teamwork  Provides assistance and encouragement to other team
members
 Initiates and encourages improvements in team
performance
 Identifies and utilises the strengths of other team members
 Relates to people from diverse social, cultural and ethnic
backgrounds and with varying physical and mental abilities
Problem solving  Examines tools and equipment prior to use for damage,
missing components or other defects
 Identifies typical faults and problems and takes necessary
remedial action
 Rectifies simple faults with tools and equipment
Planning and organising  Identifies hazards and implements appropriate hazard
control measures
 Selects and uses appropriate materials, tools and equipment
 Identifies requirements, applies relevant resources and
sequences tasks using time management techniques
Self management  Completes daily work activities
 Contributes to workplace responsibilities
 Manages own performance to meet workplace standards
 Seeks support to improve work performance
 Cleans up work area
APPENDIX C: SUGGESTED RESOURCES
REFERENCE LIST
Code of Practice for the Safe Removal of Asbestos 2nd Edition NOHSC: 2002 (2005)
Construction Industry Training Board, 2000, BCGC1001A – Carry out OHS Requirements
Construction Industry Training Board Wayville SA
Key Work Health and Safety Statistics, Australia 2010. Work Safe Australia
www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au Viewed 1/7/10
Worksafe SA
http://www.safework.sa.gov.au Viewed 12/7/10
Australian Communications and Media Authority

http://www.acma.gov.au
SUGGESTED RESOURCES
Approved Codes of Practice Approved Code of Practice for:
The Safe Erection of Structural Steelwork
Manual Handling
Occupational Health and First Aid
Safe Removal of Asbestos
Asbestos Work
Safe Use of Synthetic Fibre Materials
Safe Handling of Timber Preservatives and Treated
Timbers
Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances
Preparation of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Labelling of Workplace Substances
Australian Standards
AS 1270 Acoustics - Hearing Protection
AS 1336 Recommended Practices for Eye Protection in the
Industrial Environment
AS 1418 SAA Crane Code
AS 1473 Guarding and Safe Use of Woodworking Machinery
AS 1543 Electrical Equipment of Industrial Machines
AS/NZS 4576 Guidelines for scaffolding
AS 1657 Fixed Platforms, Walkways, Stairways and Ladders
AS 1668 Rules for the Use of Mechanical Ventilation and Air
Conditioning in Buildings - Ventilation Requirements
AS 1674 Safety in Welding and Allied Processes
AS 1715 Selection, Use and Maintenance of Respiratory
Protective Devices
AS 1716 Respiratory Protective Devices
AS 1800 Selection, Care and Use of Safety Helmets
AS 1801 Industrial Safety Helmets
AS 1851 Maintenance of Fire Protection Equipment Parts 1 - 4
AS 1892 Portable Ladders
AS 2210 Safety Footwear
AS 2293 Emergency Excavation Lighting in Buildings Parts 1 & 2
AS 2294 Earthmoving Machinery - Protective Structures
AS 2430 Classification of Hazardous Areas
AS 2726 Chainsaw Safety Requirements
The above are just a sample of those available. Ask your Trainer for details of particular
Approved Codes of Practice or Australian Standards that apply to specific circumstances
that concern you.
 Occupational Health, Safety & Welfare Act

 The Occupational Health, Safety & Welfare
Regulations
 Relevant OHS publications from Workcover and
Government departments
 Union and Employer Associations OHS publications
relevant to the Building and Construction Industry
In addition, there is a large range of other resource materials that could prove useful
when presenting this unit. These include human resources materials and both written
and visual materials such as videos, CD roms, manuals, books, bulletins, technical data
and safety products.
RESOURCES
Workcover Corporation 100 Waymouth St Tel: 8233 2222
Adelaide SA 5000 Fax: 8233 2211
National OHS Agencies 92 Parramatta Road Tel: (02) 9565 9555
Worksafe Australia Camperdown NSW Fax: (02) 9565 9202
2050
State OHS Agencies 400 Kent Street Tel: (02) 9370 5000
Workcover Authority of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2000 Fax: (02) 9370 5999
Occupational Health and Safety Authority Building D Tel: (03) 9628 8111
World Trade Centre Corner Flinders and Fax: (03) 9628 8255
Spencer Streets
Melbourne Vic 3000
Division of workplace Safety 25th Floor, State Law Tel: (07) 3239 6573
Dept. of Employment, Vocational Building Fax: (07) 3229 0445
Education, Training and Industrial 50 Ann Street
Relations Brisbane QLD 4000
Department of Occupational Health, 1260 Hay Street Tel: (08) 9327 8777
Safety and Welfare West Perth WA 6005 Fax: (08) 9321 8973
Industry Services Division Rosny Park TAS 7018 Tel: (03) 633 5010
Department of State Development and Fax: (03) 633 7664
Resources
Northern Territory Work Health Authority Minerals House Tel: (08) 889 5010
66 The Esplanade Fax: (08) 889 5141
Darwin NT 0800
Australian Capital Territory Occupational North Building Tel: (06) 205 0302
Health and Safety Office London Circuit Fax: (06) 205 0327
Canberra City ACT 2601
State/Territory Web Site Notification Form Compensation

Organisation Form
WorkCover http://www.workcover.com. Worker Report Form Worker Report
Corporation of au Notice of Work Form
South Australia Related Injury Claim for
Ph: (08) 8233 2222 Compensation
Form
EasyClaim
Ph: 131855
Victorian http://www.workcover.vic.g No specific form. WorkCover
WorkCover ov.au Injuries must be Workers Claim
Authority notified on Register of Form
Ph: 1800136089 Injuries located at
workplace.
WorkCover NSW http://www.workcover.nsw.g Notify on line or Not required
Ph: (02) 43215000 ov.au Phone 131050 unless
requested by
insurance
company
WorkCover http://www.workcover.qld.g Incident Notification Application for
Queensland ov.au Form Compensation
Ph: 1300362128 or Phone
1300362128
Workplace Health http://www.whs.qld.gov.au
and Safety
Ph: 1300369915
WorkCover http://www.workcover.wa.g Form 1 – Notification Workers
Western Australia ov.au of Injury Compensation
Ph: 1300794744 Claim Form 2B
Worksafe Western http://www.safetyline.wa.go
Australia v.au
Ph: (08) 93278777
WorkCover http://www.workcover.tas.g No pre-printed form Workers Claim
Tasmania ov.au information for for
Ph: 1300366322 notification is listed on Compensation
website
NTWorksafe http://www.worksafe.nt.gov Workers Workers
Ph: 1800019115 .au Compensation Claim Compensation
Form and Employers Claim Form and
Report Employers
Report
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APPENDIX D: JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

WORKSHEET
APPENDIX E: EXAMPLE SAFE WORK

METHOD STATEMENT
APPENDIX F: SAMPLE WORKCOVER FORMS

CPCCOHS2001A - Apply OHS - V1.1

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ABOUT THESE RESOURCES

TOPIC 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY LEGISLATION IN AUSTRALIA 3

TOPIC 2: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT 12

TOPIC 3: WORK SAFELY 27

TOPIC 4: MANAGING EMERGENCIES 42

TOPIC 5: INJURY MANAGEMENT 51

Whatever costs concern you most, one thing to

TOPIC 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND

THE ACT, THE REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS

NATIONAL OHS MATTERS

 providing information, training, instruction and

What responsibilities do employees have?

HEALTH AND SAFETY COMMITTEES

Did you know 33 new workers are injured every

COMMON SAFETY INDUCTION COURSE

A SIMPLE GUIDE FOR NEW WORKERS

8. Accidents and near misses must be reported and

I could have saved a life that day

It wasn’t that I didn’t care.

But I didn’t want to seem a fool

I knew he had done the job before.

The chances didn’t seem that bad.

So I shook my head and walked on by.

He took a chance, I closed an eye

I could have saved a life that day

Now every time I see his wife,

That guilt is something I must bear.

If you see a risk that others take,

The question asked or thing you say

If you see a risk and walk away,

I could have saved a life that day

TOPIC 2: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND

likely to be. When working out the level of risk,

 tasks performed frequently, quickly or over a long

Plan the lift

If possible place your feet apart

Bend your knees

Raise your head

Lift the load to your waist slowly by

To put the load down, bend your knees, not

Get help from others of the

Plan the lift together. Make

Stand close to the load with

Bend your knees and hold the

Lift by straightening your knees

1, Move the load by walking

To put the load down, bend

Elimination - Do not use a hazardous substance

1. Friable asbestos is asbestos-containing material

You can only remove more that 10m2 or more of

PLANT, EQUIPMENT, TOOLS

POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS SITUATIONS

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT

TOPIC 3: WORK SAFELY

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

Where equipment is used it must: