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EMW Modwise Theoroms

Electromagnetic wave wave theorem

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shubham bharti
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54 views58 pages

EMW Modwise Theoroms

Electromagnetic wave wave theorem

Uploaded by

shubham bharti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Cowlomb'ss Low & Experirental getup MOVIE force F beliveen too potat changes Qi Qz axe derectuy prepasdtonal to the product a mag oP tole, | hoses and Faves ly propaschonal to the ghost e > the dittance bf them . Fu War ye > Lohexe. | FY Electrostatic force x = Constant proposPonality Q&A. hosg ex + -y dittance Gp Boo Change pee yf where K= —l_ bo e PesePHP ty % HK Eo. : ee = ao fo = BF SuxS™ or Ko! ae kee od ‘ SET elm aK (6.8510) dg = 0-8848 x10" oF axo"\, =e To creprezents _coulonbls ow fra _vedtoy foun. wep Fete Coulomb's. (aw S deteseme fhe force on a charge Q2 due + Q Range Q » & gqfven by lA) Ap = Se dae UR Bo T vart veetor. One = wat, o-7 r= ae [Ft uifor* | (4 at { iS = BGs (ETD ey ty vector joi 4 RtoP [47-77 of coutonibis, aio (4 App 4 Coulonbis: Law fo deterurthe pales ong change Q, due to chosqe Q2, is qren by (67) | | A= A@ A | 2 toe i af aed are, = ~ One | & at 2-FP Ffebd due to contfauours volume change distPbutto 1) Ftd_due +_pofat charge * Let us consider a pinfte axea. dn aes, 6 where the change darter utioo as H I 7 confPruous. meand fopfulte } eb. 40 colt “continuous dintsPouhdn pofat chaxge \ =o. Ae te eS ay % qeen.e4. Lae = AU AUN Eo | URE me oO xd E lemerdasuy EFL ae Eacitt E { y Elementary ance constdexed it tend fo zero Ay2dy $06? dé” (ewafte =a) : =r oo dé = dy Be OL + © AREoY™ + Reulkant Ger o Abtafresl by. fateqnatey Ok ala exerted charges. B= fae ip, Fed due_tv Shoe choxge dictuPl thon . N att P fata YS Vi ft fa Tr abrechosge distr Pout the change sce altoned . ConfPrroely along Die Sfne. for a fre cage . Line charge com dems Pty i) Coutcd be sen O% . chosge pe unre length ay—r Fo checks / tp eee Line chaseg : ve rad ei. - AL fb dined Ob . fi Sa [a the Q be the oye i < ee ps | aor Pe f2dQ dc. ff. ‘ ‘es, a {i ee EF Pabtemnly at a pot P due do ah Ane charge: can be Rented as aS dao a ar. 4A Eo 1? f d_ i 1 / Br ef Lae dn i 4REo a | as oop as 1} HKEo 5 ae ii) Fret due 2 Susdace change dir 2bulfon ag : i 4 _— 2q the e change dite Poutfon , the chosg.e% H dustoutouted “contimonly oa tive dPmensfonal ausfacs HH tnen PE te ryened fo ab. duyace Change H danteroubton eee es fox & e ec. disty*butfon, the at e density ($) could be define at change Per un axea. / ; 4 AQ’ Wb chosge. NO pratt axeq ‘as’ i then §5 written 2% ee (The, Etedtife pretd fdenifty > & gfven by ére i ar. UREor™ 5 1@ ay ditatiubed fo a valunte, then FE yeperrrect fo | os» volume. chase ditt? button « E fox a volume e dittbution, the volunce e denny Sede rete: Change oes unib axea, ' 3) AQ’ wy chosge AxKeq over & SMALL volume AV. I coud bo 2 : § Wolume chase: density. C-wsGtten ass, boa he os : AV: i her eped@ : Sv dv- The Ecroetuue pPetcl Pakeurly Lo geven 64. ee 49 ar, HR Eo E> j de gy. . UREor* bad 6y=dq_ => daa Svdv. dW. ee | Ndv_ ay URE” B= Sv dv ar. URE ae Exsectutc frad LEotenbte St Boa ony port pian Fa she given elect Jeeld ib force expesfenceel by ag unr powbPtive Dasge. Proredt ot that pofat, fe anne @ ww a<— + ——* aa Be ex the coulomb, ‘Soro. gts @ee oy ua EoY™ Arnusuing. G=9 K A= AQ. with force blo the pots chasyg © B eqpcol ao the 2lectii feet onky when Aget, F : : a Bdostthute above! fato the force Equation. aia. Ae. ‘ sae | & RET ge Raorg, 4REON Now ag=! Elect mean pas! goblet chasge. le = 9 24 Ffeld at a pofat due to | HREo™ | pofat chasy e. — FR ot @ pofat due to many chase. a ta. tee or. Qe ay Qet7— Vi ——*> &e Qe. She yields é, ao est at port P due to hosgeh 8. G2, -- Ge, rempectfrely we ae gr = 8 ay eb 8 _ ay, eee c = HREOT, KET 2 Ge = Sa ay, 4x fo Te The dodad feet Ee a a eee eC is yiven by. Fe f= tere... En Q diy, +_Qz_ daa ---+ Bo don UKEoT, GR Eo Ve RES @ Ealechi fictol_ due to a tine chase Comstden an ergear tele long aakrreuPa ht SPne comes fing unflosum Lfne Chasige. denbPty § Lene Lfets olong 2% anth. wm tom . Hence Pepe chasge - 3 an & A Clim . yew is i Atae <9 —+ iy t a Let ‘P' be the. poet on the yon when & eld hor to be detemtned she rediff Let 'H! be the dabtance from fo oskg Po. = og Sa dLzdz. —e SMce tne Change wb atone the 2-Onkh. =a a ) Sot = dg Scdey —@ Co-o7rdinaters 2 dz (Co, 0, ®) co-o7dPrnatets ot e Coa.%,0) Biotest Peg aunPt -vectoy along these co-O7vdfnates, would Ge egal to. Z = (0-0)ey + Cr-o)dy + Co-2I4e. g= nay - ede, iat = dye =_—_— Af jorerdtial leche food due fo de. dé" =" da ae — @© ARERR dé” = Side Ti May ~ Babe uxEoGoe4 a2) (as J p2p22 | for eneuy chase .On +ve =z Somali Wnoce ts eqol chasqe prebent on -Ve 2 marth. Hence & Component wrll cancel each offers | dev= Side nay. UE. (a2+a2) 7? pat t= v4an6 dz = Y£ec2a-de- jor Ze OF tant (zr) @ 2 tant (—x) @= dtan' (Cr) or Zz=a0n o= a Cele. I, AD) Cee en ae e= fae" = fc Si r¥5ec6de vay UREO( 4 y2tanr%eyl2 ss Az. = St x oec76 do vy HE (v8 dante 7 “Me. aft of nents A “eS ae arty ss Ale eh er le HREo ¥ $e HREOT HR Eo TGee7?Odo a)" C14 tanto) z 2 _m Beco do: vd ——————— ay 9( it dante)?! eo do _ ey ee “peee Az Ae j cobe de ay —Afe . cies {g (sfos]y 8 TOE dae Cady Etedste ped die 7 Payente sheet hangs roy. Xs ywd@ Gas ae ce pitiline: Cousfdin an fap Pah te aheet of KOWPag unfjosun chasg e dens™ Ss cfm tn %-Y plane Deka ; ae Uthe porate BB on z-anib where leche fit Pabenstty & to Ge toe 5 chasq _ deny fe = da a. oes ds. deez H-dx dg da = Se-ds da = Sesidsdg / Now if esrondFal eleatrfe ff Patent Ay, oth pote Electric pe dennhty (Whe elect feet axound fhe chase can Ge t Peaagined fn teu of pouence of Pa ef - gsupund ct. The total no F fa ets oH fore Pa any ee etedsr fred iL called checbiife pen fel. Ft sb denoted by de erieta S rere FONG s e dp = q F . or Consfdex. the electric ts PetensPy at pofat P: = 2_ ay 8D: WREoT ELedse jae denbfty at Pp i qhven oy | dts be" Oo” sf _, ay. Urgor~ = Say. —*® LRT Fron the re we howe : ds” = ads dhectiue porn oye da ot Potnt Pp. dy = ode dp = = 9 & &y ods Law” Stace (G,.# 1x1.) C240 dy= ~@, 6089. 48 Har® : * “The total clect&flun . obtaknedt by Peteopahing dip = § dp Y=, —8_f do.cobs ? $. S[ y™ y i ds.coxe 4, pated ange. ovet a ee + “pe my § dm Torlal. bold ange. a aluccuys eyo ee qe Qda aH = _@ (Hk). LYK pee] er quh Ate beds = § ode Te P=g¢.57.deeg OReigernce “Theoveny _ ol Fre. Rrtequot 4 Novual compon ext >} cuny veetoy - | fetch over’ & Chobect aus & ty eqal to the Fateqral of dhogence % this vector pad. | Whstecghout ie volume enclosed by. hosed usfoce, Romge & AOSG 2. denn Phy can be se lated a& a= Sv du Vol Exon Morwell Yo & @ VDO= Sy +then Q= { Ve dv From Goss asa. Q= $ Dds. Covsfdes. an MYPnPte Lhe chases e density. Si a Auyfing . 00 2 -anB, 3 fpeom -~ to. - Sa zy Courider. Gos fan. &t moe an the sight ate nde wth 2% ~axks and sodius 3", Length 4 cuglind ex Tan et Flu deusPty od ony potrt on the #1 oe Y crested sadly oudwasd fe. fo the an dtrectin, > ComFder déjpexentfas anea ds whch » sed at sacdfad dingance “prom the Line PO An. UY “| = a-g ae § Frteqnrodion. & +0 be done fost aide, dop and bodtom i Qh ast + Ge + $5. —O i ie: ep batlown i No : SD = da i dst = ad bde ay. E Dr det = Cy Hd§ deCan-da) i i oz =Pasdbde —6 ' o> a haw only sadkbal component but no component © ahoos, B deren fe az, S42, ' Pesos to." 1 ter Ep 40 bation 2K Eom Maswuws Abt Eq ration ‘th AQ be fhe metpoge. fr fhe volume clenrent Aono - ey Gouurrte page Ge. Dde =aQ Aividing Seth afdle by av. & Ode 6S. AN av Foply the LPS AV-70 on 6.4 Lim Gd” = tm AR Awe oe Av-re “AV wokT! Son a)! 4. Avro" & fi B = Axdx + yayt H2a2. | TeO= D9 Gx)+ OW Ow 209+ Bins gr) Lg.ot = B= Qex 4094+ DBE F Oy eudtat desc®vahPuet , = 2 dv Vey dv = \ —o. Sy 4 et ot iw. Tay = ~2- Svdv. ceo: aa Thin i +the equosten Ci potent foo fh Continudty 4" ade B= OOx + OAy + O82 Greet ) Bae Ox Oy Oe we 1. 2 _ (sas) +L ag + QFE Caflin) 4+ dwe= tb SS © 5 of Jy 4 OX (5,62) dee = I B CS) + —— © (sine0e) 42 OT Tse 8 7 bre + G42 age ‘(aphetat ) Ged), = we -Q leas SG M00 LLE=> . , Devotions 9 pothhon'ss and plore &”. From cthe potnt fos of Gree Lows ‘Vv. 0"= Sy. but O’= &e" & é'=-Vvv- v.Ceé’) = Sv v- Ce uv) 2 Svs — vV(Cevy=fyv- | wwe -Sv jor = homogen cous } “S_ negfor . t oc The above éq% whoa pobbon'e kqproh on, Xn. reclanghasr co-o7dFnaste v= da +0 dy +2 az yr a2” Ubusdly the perstton W-T & alebrenatesl os ve 4 2. 24) ge SS + NN fe f Cn Ox 0% é Lnate. oes ic aay 3} Sw=o. Kve0 2 cotlect taplace &”. The v® opeatton & catlest the laplace of an reckanguhos co-osdfaad © Leplace 84” ae wv 2 OV +2 OK? Oy* ga cylin daeat co-ovdSnate yve 1. @ (pov.y41 (ov, ) + Ov 5 Os LOR g* \Og* Seek sphenfeal co-ordfnafe. vwye 1 © (’Ov 7 Or OF *Amezs +o, =O. De® Uniqnencss theorer Let us ausume thal we have. of Laplace eqyiatfon W & V2. wv, zo Dive soluttoo TV_ =O: ot VF (uae) =o —O. E Each. Lotutfon. Bodtopy «the Gownrclasey Condetfon bck ae x oe on ok eae epee ent ~ the potential valties, “Then. : ae F Vip= Noy = Vo. i et ee — 7 DARED ee A a ele to veetor tdenfity. wewo)= v¥Cv0o)+ o(vv). wher © v~> Scahas DO -& veetor: Sn thie Cabe. Vj-Ve = Scales VO -Vve) = ‘Veetor. Replace tae above value. v(v-ve) Vy-v2) = BOr-Va Fev vive + vvi-v2) VCM-ve) —@ V(vi-ve) Curve) = ive) (S*\, ve) + (vQi-ve)]~ Entequating on beth “Pde. § av [l-ve) v(v-ve)) dv = § Cveve) {y ove) | + Sw Cr-vay} dv -2 From DPresgqence +heorem §ode> § vedv Suifoce volume —z for LHS App Regence theovem Sel ~v2). vCv-ve) [ds = § [ Cvi-ve) vw? (y- v2) + {ly (a-veyJ dv 2 At aevthace boundary . VV, Mie Vp ->Veb Mo = Vb 6.0 (vo- we) % (Mo-Veb)f dg =e Nip Veh =0 -> out 1** foun of eS. fee: [ Curve) GiCvieve) dw .RHS =O wy, V2=° yet at 279 teu oy RHS he (Re Cyeve) J dv =O. w(vj-ve) =o wy -Ve = Co astast : uy. boun das4 Conde M= Vib No =V2b- conbtant =O ug Ave yrVe =O ur —V2 20% Bok =V2> 5 poth bolubfoore = ee Hen Poe theovenr Sb veupreal GTOT- SAvART LAW ™ Rot— Sond law States Hat the dbppescontFek Magnetic ~fretol Fotensry de produced ot & Reacts as by the dijexential ement element Fdt +» proposdfenal t the © yoduct Td and the Sine of the anafe\% betiveen he alemet | and athe fre for ‘ep’ to “the element and is Panierchly Proposioral to the aqyare of the dintence RK bdlween ‘p's the clement. wathematfoatly dy < Add Sto4 ~~) R= du= & Eds Linx Sr dai eal * where “kK ’ 25 Comptant | prepantionaliy.. a hes aR ED can be wok ter og dyz ddsing ~~ ©, HAR nw Crom the defeartion of eax Crois produch 29° @ can be writen Po veetoy poses Ue an Big. Av stas = ld |'(ae| sine. distas = du eae. > gee ~ da = Sd AR, afm. unk = > a’ on gy = Ide * unre? ; The dPrectfon of dH. Can be detesutoeet the shake suule Frpeern LYE Lae, Stoke'n theorem. | of a Nestor axetil Stodemenk © The Hfre Prdeq pad a clobed poth. £ eqpol fo the Pantego of cor o| veto over the open eustaee enclos eal by cdobed. path by Coe ( (ax) ds jRae ir ™ Eas” eee C7 fa ©) ; Ho Cuxu)ed, as —@ Line Eokesproel can © aurtfote Pnfeqpot Prev ee tthe SCALAR AWD VECTOR MAGWETIC Potential eek ats wtokeiy theorem, scohan ancl veetoi magnetfe potentfaty eatstrs only when potlowtng fics cond?tHfonts hodinpter the Neetor Tderdrty . ‘ a TX Vm =O + where Ven fo scolon voltage b) Vv- Cun) =6- 4% A i veetor voltage. Scohosn nagnetfc potent Pod “Ven” > veC- Tea) = a LOR’ 2 &°O in@ Vx(-Tim)= 0 — O Ber @ Lir- ov} when JF =0 net potensfal abso Bad Cop Pee the Ecadas Laplace Equotion yveo fe ye =O : g(a") 2 + pom (=u). v. (.tto(—-vvm)) = : a iy eee VV =O Veetor magnesite. potential “A dee @=(vxw ). fl entitle orty when condition © hakinffes, fe viva =o —~O a aw i= One aa Oy ye (Ux =O at nye the Pobson eqpiad fords e ee, | seams Solve the Laplace’ fotentfal ypetd fa the homogqer cour” fF between Ai, iow concerti conduckfnvey bPhte welt, crock? a eb Buch that bya- $/ potentiay N=0 at y=b and V=Vo at Y=, Abo prod leche Jfelol fatensiy , Let 455 conntderr concerti conducting sphere with qadfub a 86 (bra) . with potentfat V0 at y=b andl wavevo at v= 4%. ETE AEs Se - Equahion +o 1 Enel the neg ron % i Step L: fox qfien. problem ¢ the (ous dou CandPfonte Show that v as poncion >} y lapoce &q9 Vv=o _ @_ |\"Ov7 eo. 2] > Sep ” Ape Boundary Cond PHO . NCb)=° vend VCar= Vo. vCb)= -fA# +64 bo viay= ~A +8 : a -f& Te =0° Vo =-A+G OO TE =o ee rae ot Site EARS SA ES RATS MoouLe -F : “ = Fnfequal joe of Fascadau ls Lau F : Conckucting . Looe Faq. magnet Fe eae Coniden a oop 44 conducting mateifal which os ehatfonosuy . Let St be aubjectesl to changein, magnetic pee Aiokage. Ae pen foractary's tax e =~ 96. dt- WEE, eB Paduced emt , G & the mognedfc pls Sfakage. Gut faducecl “emel 2 a Joop oy Given by e= 66d < [email protected]= 6 —@. dt Conmider a Drall anea ds Dl cent enctosecl by loog - The. pla “FRscoogh ean axea ds dg = §= (99 [ar as” yr &qgr@) e=-{ oe .ds —). le Ot From 84°C and @) 5 oF - (28 o -dUs? —= ds Leds [E> Th, Sy Fasckary's Law Po fiteqrat ps Ofjererdial poral _faredan# lee Cmarwellts epratfon dedfved from fReday's tase) we have, pow dtoke' theovenn .' be. dt = [ Cvxe ds” —O 6 : Fros Prtegeat four 2] 4 Sato . $e = -( 98.48” ——-@- eG OF From £0 & &4°O. { Caxé) da’ = = S eS j (wee") de"+ { 3 => (Cox®) + 28 J agro S Or Sice ds” can act be BU TRE 498 m0. Ot. — >. Te or [s*2" > oe Ot c= _—— wave propagation th good conolurcting peel & >> “Wm Propagation Comntant °f qenexal medfom unt 2 ehane wane, Ez. Hz =0 pethe € B HW axe aod punctoo a xX Sy. + by unfng Helmontte €¢? we Can empress fa Scola Ee x ¥ te to[ FER res) zo. Vv *€'y ~ Lo Eo rey Ot — ae £0 - Ma fo Ge) =o. ~ Le Eo Gare c) Su let € hata only % Canepa only ee (oe As Aen + > thea eg Ba Fo ( Dex )eo \ ; ott oS : = Fy — Uoko Hs A) BO." “ PONTING THEOREM Tit e aif ow est 7 Ohm EL leita s TT TT Powenfo Statements 6 Alt any point fr an eletromagactte freld the power per unrt axe on power dennPty verve &% given 6Yy the eBsTON, : * $2 EXH soled WRT Maxwells cust &pattoo is eo. —_ vxHe oy + @ Take she satan product on both alee of Ea with C’. : E- VX Oe este Se —@ we have vector Fdenty, veexu) = -e-vxH tHevxe —@ | vor Faom &"@ &@- ' OO. s: H+ UXE- 6 -URH = e-T+e-52 -@ Oy The cus of Elect fectol o wee oy yxe2 Oe ~ fe me Therefore 'G berqgh es a 209 =4/ e286.) - V(exu) = T-Ee +E LO (2) : ‘Ot (or) -TV(enn) = 5-€+ BE “Be + aa St = eas ange “the &q” Ce. ee Oee> 2 (48). —6 Ox Ot 2 wu, OF — @ (464). —@ Bt Ot: Bgh © becomes, ~VLEXH) 2 TE +S (LO. 1 @ (exn) = o-€ £4 rea (ee. Intesucte he asbove ¥gh- © ; vlext) = 5 (eet Gees ee ($EH dP —P Ree ty dPiesgence theoren fo LH ae -§ (ex) do=( S.edv t {4 Bedvt[ tend, ae ¥ fe ) g z -+@ 9° & the poy tng theorem . $ (Ext) ds w- Aven The cross, product Cexu) & Known a he eoynting theorem § 32 Ge EXH wom? m-4 Foe ; blo AAjerentfal aument, clement jy ROT | Mia are + Countden tie wuccent clement Tali §& : Heda are = Aho fo eee . The d?rectfon UI, &Tz awe ‘Bane, JCda). *~ Both the cusecent Gorditee clement prduce 4A2f own magnetic Pelol . i » Whe force: exested. 09 the dijerentfaf ceesesceny clement e ~ d(d@ )- du x de # Ale Bfo-sonrautie Law the mogneht {fuel Producedl oy the cuxxent clement Fadty oe qeven by. — de, = Modt, a? 2 &; 5 ‘de al be | +@ . : UNRK2, Sab &"@ fo &°O Tdi” * [ie adte alg tz... dah d= ns — d(de)= Ab tidll tedizx ale, __@. HAR 9 &" @ represents, force blew Tre uuscert elements and Pt ie vexy much aBhrstho7 to Conlon haw. —_ Tak eqprasting By" “Hoke Gre Mo Tie 4.9, dor x@iy Xt e,,). @ aR ean 5 > n'y ie Fo A= Wend 6,4, dexldit nde) Lx 2 : Rie + foove &q bho a+ condPPo0 TdPcates the Newtoa'» thrrd aw, &. For te cunvert cosuuytng co 7 o| lengt% LC each, the (Fre ae afyen 64 ce weet, —® 2nd Magadhe Boundary Conddifeo © the coadHtfons °| the eaagncht fod ercesting at. fre Goundaseey o| the fu00 medfa when Ge magnetic pectcl passes, yom one meclfom 1 offer one we catled “ Boundasey coadFtfon “, > Tangential tp foun > Normal C1) f bovondaxe, os ee Normal 4p oundasiy 4, G’. dé =0- “$e de + $ Bae +G ds =o — Bottom later! = a cs ae Ha. 7 Peds § oad ro doten ctedon 9 ay oir Oe ae pn ie > | for tee Pusyaees , $ edee emg ls = Gp, 4S 4 bottom Punjerees,. ode = ened de” = 09205 +f Bebo dy bottom © => enas-—earas=o ~@ a oie ove —+@- : notte devettg $ magnetic fret - entennPly ae saelateol boy > a w= wd ® = wut = sting ao Wi 2 te 2 tie + ; eins ALY As | Boundary condlibr for ak psoraneny ; Ae > ampesfeal efreuftal ’ gardr = big comstdes & 7 Jan closed path Pa ty. gard’ can be abPd ed. into © +s a “. ‘ : ” that [ata + [atate | tant J eas a 6 + 2 - + {Was + (was? L d z£ ~@® = ee ee \ Aipunte R? & dhe | Lufore Cupecenr @ => ae kedo = Htan, Caw) + 40 (42 + H02(AB) = Hans Ca) ~Hee (Ah) 81 (pb) To qt condhfonm ot boundosey , ah ~to thus Redo = Hdan; (aw) —Hdanz (40) —@ - +t = H tan | Chow 2 K pee ae ai => dani — Stan2 =k —r© Abt U2 : 4 g=0 , Hetany. = Htan? Aap Ade Otay = Heder whe AL etont, = ae te Abe @danz e © Meer B monwell® Equation. (Mow well Equattoo Po, time vasiffag pete. : (atwo. Pofat form &q° Todequal (ose 3” | ee: v-o= Sy. GOs = §, Sy dv. 2 Jie! = O- G88 =o [ios de | pe re hf Ie yet | 3 uke? = oe GEuds § a 48 | eo Oe, ode yd DOS | Ci va = fe Gard? = Gf A544, Gea Mawel - Bqrattoo fa fie Frvastent fred. Sr Fete form eq ° Eetheqpod socem 4° \ woe Sv & Pde = Gy 1 — . wa o | Gates 7° + 7? Lo 3 TKE=O 4 iced 2 dv? = OTs" He gxa’= J Gad g 2 “rob Treble s | Coulton Soro a i 9 @, 2 seo to Q2> rete! faa jared atmC 7, 2, 3) at (2,05). of de epe Pop | - os Seay, . HR Eo ing % 2 @-)dx+ ©-2) a, +Gsdde aye Ox ~2ay +202. (Fe (= [fre 2 Re a 2 Brio ‘x (Lior a a 2dytzde YR &BSUxe x BY x -4 = a= =10-% i" ax- 2alytZae UKELSHRO x 4 : Fy = 99869 C dx -2dy tede), Cia, aes LUV 426 dy @- = (LE1FZE ge xe 2 —l0ax +20dy - zodey fore 00 Man Chasxqen Poet of Chasg sone at faci CLO. OD eColo) & OC%-W0) . Find hang © ct f. oe a, & Ch0.0) 7S “77g| 18 az’ an i 21,0) oy co, ney © 2 Ca.) = aw ag 4REo Re aS 6 => Req = (ends +o +0) Ron = 2 ax Rg (eon a 2 Bader sox sone’) gale UK kB-B54xo% (2)* = Me “6 S-6lF KI0 ax P= : es A ce pgs 2-246.4%X10 a (2 ] y =F, = De DNEAKIO” oy =a] tee = ee 2 2. 2u6IxIO aatdy td é Ta) leleandee. “6 a = 2-246 RIO [-& + dandy + dxtaly a 2h ave +S A - o x 5 222 469K Cafe tae te a (; al a ae tae \tulse 3A) Slat . = 2.2464 KI0 | QAl 4 . (a+ AJ ~s = 2264 KIO [4+ Lo7A ea aja 4 fe 21505 KO aye. — = E's 21-508K0 Ax Un. lie 3 yz) =y due dridy de gigi 2) =) dv= Sdgdgdz Ge O.6) => ave aoengdy dod tenth ore Se _ BRECY 4 or m-2 Mio | Giy.2) 22% 4 O0y 4 Doz cae Oxy De Ghz) + 1 D (Hos) 4_ 1 D049 + DOz 9 OF $ O84 Vz. COG At 9 (479 I 2 & ze (x ike 2 tes Po) + UE EE LCOS) Thine “Og ci ~ =e vo dy = Total chasse. $= Gods Cetestie pax) =D &o Qer4 ody +B - bye VO on ay 02 w= -Q\Eé dd af daz dada bday dy tdede- = ded sc4 tdodot H0dG a, g ——— Divergence. Hheorens i Pasoul ef 7 Gch) B= 2xydn + x*dy e fm? - ¢ A=OEl, Geoand 2, B=? ae Evaturte O.Ge for 28 Spacer. s for =O dS= dy de Cz) . dg’z — dude az 2) for M=l . dgrta dydze dx. a of = Zyd,taay. “OO dgez (yd x+y ) dy de ax) ‘ = ay dydz. -d3'= dude Cay) = -dadedy aly aly) (-dadedy) = -2 "dade AS dede (dy), = dada dy hada + ala. Orders Graded aly). dudedy = xdade pee oss A XM 6] for exo. Je= dedy (ale). =

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