Yojana 2021 July

ISSN-0971-8397
tqykbZ 2021 ` 22
पूर्वोत्तर
izeq[k vkys[k
iwokZsÙkj {ks=k esa ç'kklu
ih ,l Jhèkju fiYybZ
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iwoksZÙkj esa f'k{kk
çksisQlj osQ ,e cg:y bLyke
fo'ks"k vkys[k
vuqokn % fo'o dks le>us dk ,d ekè;e
vuqjkx cLkusRk
usDVj% iwoksZÙkj esa foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh

dk etcwr vkèkkj
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ÅtkZ n{krk mik;

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jr ljdkj dk fo|qr ea=kky; i;kZoj.k esa dkcZu
MkbvkWDlkbM osQ mRltZu Lrj dks de djus vkSj
ÅtkZ cpkus osQ mís'; ls m|ksxksa vkSj çfr’kuksa esa
vkèkqfud midj.kksa osQ mi;ksx osQ tfj;s fofHkÂ mik;ksa dks ykxw dj
jgk gSA bl lacaèk esa ijiQkWeZ vpho ,aM VªsM (ih,Vh) ;kuh ^çn'kZu]
miyfCèk ,oa O;kikj* ;kstuk cM+s m|ksxksa vkSj çfr’kuksa osQ fy,
,d egRoiw.kZ dk;ZØe gSA bl ;kstuk dk mís'; çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dks
mÂr djosQ vFkok ÅtkZ dh •ir dks de djus lacaèkh vkarfjd
igy osQ tfj;s ÅtkZ cpr dh ykxr çHkko'khyrk dks c<+kuk gSA 4-6 djksM+ Vu de djus esa çHkkoh jgh gSA bl çdkj osQ dne
bl ;kstuk osQ rgr igpku dh xbZ cM+h bdkb;ksa osQ fy, vfuok;Z cgqr çHkkoh gks x, gSa vkSj oSf'od Lrj ij ÅtkZ n{krk dks c<+kok
y{; vkSj muosQ }kjk cpkbZ xbZ vfrfjDr ÅtkZ osQ fy, ÅtkZ cpr nsus osQ fy, ,d ljy n`f‘dks.k dks dgha vfèkd mi;ksxh ekuk
çek.k i=k tkjh fd;k tkrk gSA fofHkÂ m|ksxksa vkSj çfr’kuksa dks tkrk gSA dbZ ns'kksa us bl yscfyax dk;ZØe dks viuk;k gS ftlls
muosQ ÅtkZ •ir osQ Lrj vkSj ÅtkZ cpr dh {kerk osQ vkèkkj ij ÅtkZ cpr dk iQk;nk fey jgk gS vkSj dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM osQ
vyx&vyx ÅtkZ n{krk y{; fn, x, gSaA mRltZu esa Hkh deh vkbZ gSA
o"kZ 2020 rd bl ;kstuk dk foLrkj lhesaV] ykSg ,oa bLikr] ;fn lHkh laHkkfor miHkksDrkvksa }kjk ÅtkZ n{krk lacèa kh mik;ksa dks
moZjd] rki fo|qr la;a=k] fjiQkbujh] isVªksosQfedYl vkSj jsyos lfgr viuk;k tkrk gS rks fofHkÂ {ks=kksa esa fu;kedh; vkSj cktkj vkèkkfjr
lcls vfèkd ÅtkZ •ir okys ns'k osQ 13 {ks=kksa rd fd;k x;k gSA uhfr;ksa osQ esy ls dkiQh vk'kktud ifj.kke feysxa As ;g i;kZoj.kh;
bl igy ls fiQygky yxHkx 1-7 djksM+ Vu rsy lerqY; ÅtkZ v•aMrk dks cuk, j•us vkSj tyok;q osQ fy, gekjh çfrc¼rkvksa
dh cpr gks jgh gS vkSj blosQ ifj.kkeLo:i dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM dks iwjk djus osQ fy, dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM osQ mRltZu dks de djus
osQ mRltZu esa çfr o"kZ yxHkx 8-7 djksM+ Vu dh deh vkbZ gS dh fn'kk esa ljdkj osQ egRoiw.kZ ç;klksa dk leFkZu djsxkA
tks ckaXykns'k tSls ns'k osQ oqQy dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM mRltZu osQ dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM i`Foh ij ,d pfpZr xzhugkml xSl gSA
yxHkx cjkcj gSA ok;qeaMy esa bldh lkaærk rsth ls c<+us osQ dkj.k oSf'od rkieku
?kjsyw Lrj ij vFkok dk;kZy; vkSj O;kolkf;d çfr’kuksa esa esa o`f¼ gksrh gS ftlls i;kZoj.k ,oa LokLF; lacaèkh dbZ leL;k,a
fctyh dh •ir osQ eq[; fcanq fo|qr midj.k gksrs gSaA vR;fèkd iSnk gksrh gSaA ^xzhugkml çHkko* dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM dh ml fLFkfr
ÅtkZ •ir okyh miHkksDrk oLrqvksa esa rsth ls gks jgh o`f¼ osQ esa dke djrk gS tc lkSj fofdj.k i`Foh dh lrg ls Vdjkrk gS
eísutj fo|qr ÅtkZ dh ekax gj lky c<+ jgh gSA ;fn miHkksDrk vkSj xehZ dk oqQN fgLlk ok;qeaMy ls ckgj fudy tkrk gS ysfdu
mPp n{krk okys midj.kksa dks çkFkfedrk nsaxs rks fctyh bl c<+rh 'ks"k xehZ mlesa iaQl tkrh gS ftlls i`Foh osQ rkieku esa o`f¼ gksrh
gqbZ ekax dks fu;af=kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ÅtkZ oqQ'ky mRiknksa osQ gSA ;g ,d ,slh ?kVuk gS ftls Xykscy okfe±x osQ :i esa tkuk
cktkj esa cnyko osQ fy, C;wjks vkWiQ ,uthZ ,fiQf'k,alh (chbZbZ) tkrk gSA ;g eq[; :i ls tyok;q ifjorZu ij xaHkhj çHkko Mkyrk
;kuh ÅtkZ n{krk C;wjks }kjk ekud ,oa yscfyax ;kuh LVSaMMZl ,aM gS ftldk lHkh çkÑfrd ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=kksa ij vkSj lHkh m|ksxksa
yscfyax (,l,aM,y) dk;ZØe 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA ,l,aM,y ,oa nqfu;k Hkj osQ yksxksa ij çHkko iM+rk gSA
dk mís'; ÅtkZ cpr dh laHkkouk osQ ckjs esa miHkksDrkvksa dks chbZbZ osQ ckjs esa
,d fodYi çnku djuk vkSj bl çdkj cktkj esa miyCèk mRiknksa Hkkjr ljdkj us ÅtkZ laj{k.k vfèkfu;e] 2001 osQ çkoèkku
osQ tfj;s ykxr esa cpr djuk gSA bl ;kstuk esa U;wure ÅtkZ osQ rgr 1 ekpZ 2002 dks ÅtkZ n{krk C;wjks (chbZbZ) dh LFkkiuk
çn'kZu ekudksa dh O;oLFkk osQ lkFk çeq• ÅtkZ •ir djus okys dh FkhA ÅtkZ n{krk C;wjks dk fe'ku ÅtkZ laj{k.k vfèkfu;e] 2001
midj.kksa ij ÅtkZ çn'kZu lacaèkh yscy dks çnf'kZr djuk 'kkfey osQ nk;js esa Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa ÅtkZ rhozrk dks de djus
gSA vc bl ;kstuk esa ekpZ 2021 rd 28 midj.kksa dks 'kkfey osQ çkFkfed mís'; osQ lkFk Lo&fofu;eu ,oa cktkj fl¼kar ij
fd;k x;k gS vkSj ÅtkZ oqQ'ky mRiknksa osQ 15]000 ls vfèkd uhfr;ksa vkSj j.kuhfr;ksa dks fodflr djus esa lgk;rk djuk gSA bls
ekWMyksa dks LVkj yscy fn;k x;k gS tks ÅtkZ cpr dks çksRlkfgr lHkh fgrèkkjdksa dh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh vkSj lg;ksx ls çkIr fd;k
djus osQ fy, miHkksDrkvksa osQ chp ,d yksdfç; çrhd gSA tk,xkA blosQ ifj.kkeLo:i lHkh {ks=kksa esa ÅtkZ n{krk dks rsth ls
ukxfjdksa }kjk cM+h rknkn esa ÅtkZ oqQ'ky mRiknksa dk mi;ksx djus vkSj yxkrkj viukus ij tksj fn;k tk,xkA chbZbZ osQ ÅtkZ laj{k.k
osQ ifj.kkeLo:i 2020&21 osQ nkSjku 56 vjc ;wfuV fctyh dh ,oa ÅtkZ n{krk ç;klksa osQ nk;js esa midj.k] Hkou] ifjogu vkSj
cpr gksus dk vuqeku gS ftldh dher djhc 30]000 djksM+ #i;s Ñf"k] uxjikfydk ,oa m|ksx o vU; çfr’kuksa esa çeq• ekax osQ
gSA ;g igy dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM osQ mRltZu dks gj lky yxHkx çcaèku dk;ZØe 'kkfey gSaA n
o"kZ % 65 tqykbZ 2021 ewY; % `22
vad % 07 vk"kk<+&Jko.k] 'kd laor~ 1943 i`"B % 64
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yksèkh jksM] u;h fnYyh&110 003
izeq[k vkys[k fo'ks"k vkys[k
mRiknu vf/dkjh % ds jkekfyaxe iwokZsÙkj {ks=k esa ç'kklu vuqokn µ fo'o dks le>us dk
vkoj.k % xtkuu ih /ksis ih ,l Jhèkju fiYybZ----------------------- 6 ,d ekè;e
;kstuk dk y{; ns'k osQ vkfFkZd fodkl ls lacafèkr vuqjkx cLkusRk---------------------------------- 31
eqíksa dk ljdkjh uhfr;ksa osQ O;kid lanHkZ esa xgjkbZ lqjksa dh eèkqj fofoèkrk
ls fo'ys"k.k dj bu ij foe'kZ osQ fy, ,d thoar
fct; 'kadj cksjk----------------------------- 36
eap miyCèk djkuk gSA
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa osQ iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr esa flusek
vius vkSj O;fDrxr gSaA t:jh ugha fd ;s ys[kd eatw cksjk------------------------------------------ 42
Hkkjr ljdkj osQ ftu ea=kky;ksa] foHkkxksa vFkok
diM+s vkSj fMt+kbu
laxBuksa ls lac¼ gSa] mudk Hkh ;gh n`f"Vdks.k gksA
lksue nwcy------------------------------------- 48
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;oLrq osQ fy,
;kstuk mÙkjnk;h ugha gSaA
laLÑfr osQ ekè;e ls fodkl
MkW ujsanz tks'kh----------------------------------------12
;kstuk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa esa iz;qDr ekufp=k o
izrhd vkf/dkfjd ugha gS] cfYd lkaosQfrd gSaA ;s iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa Ñf"k
ekufp=k ;k izrhd fdlh Hkh ns'k dk vkfèkdkfjd
izfrfuf/Ro ugha djrs gSaA
MkW ,e izsethr flag------------------------------16
;kstuk ys[kdksa }kjk vkys[kksa ds lkFk vius nh?kkZofèk 'kkafr vkSj fodkl
fo'oluh; lzksrksa ls ,d=k dj miyC/ djk, e`.kky rkyqdnkj-------------------------------------20
x, vkadM+ksa@rkfydkvksa@bUiQksxzkfiQDl ds laca/ esa usDVj% iwoksZÙkj esa foKku vkSj
mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA çkS|ksfxdh dk etcwr vkèkkj
;kstuk ?kj eaxkus] 'kqYd esa NwV ds lkFk njksa o Iyku iQksdl fufe"k diwj-------------------------------------------51
dh foLr`r tkudkjh ds fy, i`"B&58 ij ns[ksaA iwoksZÙkj esa f'k{kk ckal% vkthfodk dk egRoiw.kZ lalk/u
;kstuk dh lnL;rk dk 'kqYd tek djus ds ckn çksisQlj osQ ,e cg:y bLyke-------- 26 vafdrk 'kekZ------------------------------------------56
if=kdk izkIr gksus esa de ls de 8 lIrkg dk le;
yxrk gSA bl vof/ ds lekIr gksus ds ckn gh
•syksa esa rst+h ls vkxs c<+rk iwoksZÙkj
;kstuk izkIr u gksus dh f'kdk;r djsaA
jkts'k jk;----------------------------------------------59
;kstuk u feyus dh f'kdk;r ;k iqjkus vad eaxkus
ds fy, uhps fn, x, bZ&esy ij fy[ksa &
[email protected]
vkt+knh dk ve`r egksRlo
;k laidZ djsa& nwjHkk"k% 011&24367453
iqLrd ppkZ & iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr
(lkseokj ls 'kqØokj lHkh dk;Z fnol ij osQ Lokra=; ohj----------------------- doj&3
izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
;kstuk dh lnL;rk dh tkudkjh ysus rFkk foKkiu fu;fer LraHk
Niokus ds fy, laidZ djsaµ fodkl iFk
xkSjo 'kekZ] laiknd] if=kdk ,dka'k
çdk'ku foHkkx] dejk la- 779] lkroka ry]
ÅtkZ n{krk mik;--------------------- doj&2
lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks ifjlj]
yksèkh jksM] u;h fnYyh&110003
izdk'ku foHkkx osQ ns'k Hkj esa fLFkr foØ; osQanzksa dh lwph osQ fy, ns[ksa i`-la- 24
@DPD_India fganh] vlfe;k] ckaXyk] vaxzsth] xqtjkrh] dUuM+] ey;kye] rfey] rsyqxq] ejkBh] vksfM;k]
iatkch rFkk mnwZ esa ,d lkFk izdkf'krA
vkidh jk;
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Økafrdkjh vkSj ,sfrgkfld dne la?kokn dh Hkwfedk esa dk;Z dj jgk gS xfrfofèk;ksa dks lqpk: fd;k x;kA ftlls
gksxk & ,d jk‘ª] ,d pquko tks ¶iqjkuh VkWi Vw ckWVe** j.kuhfr R;kx ;s Li"V gks x;k fd la?k o jkT;ksa osQ chp
;kstuk êbZ* vad vius esa ,d fo'ks"k dj ^ckWVe Vw VkWi* dh voèkkj.kk ds lkFk ijLij lg;ksx osQ fcuk vkfFkZd fodkl
vad FkkA ftlosQ varxZr dbZ vkdf"kZr djus lcdk lkFk] lcdk fodkl j.kuhfr ij laHko ugha gSA
okys rRo FksA mlesa lcls T;knk vkdf"kZr dk;Zjr gSaA ijarq la?kh; O;oLFkk osQoy la?kokn dh pqukSfr;ksa dks osQoy 'kfDr
djus okyk fo"k;_ ,d jk‘ª ,d pquko ,d laLFkkukRed çcaèku ugha gS cfYd lUrqyu osQ ekè;e ls gh gy fd;k tk
yxkA ns'kHkj esa yksdlHkk vkSj foèkkulHkk buosQ fuèkkZj.k esa jktuhfrd çfØ;kvksa dk ldrk gS] D;ksafd jkT;ksa dh vR;fèkd
osQ pquko ,d lkFk vk;ksftr djus ls vR;fèkd egRo gS ftlosQ dkj.k gh lg;ksx Lok;Ùkrk] jk‘ªh; ,drk ,oa v•aMrk osQ
u osQoy ernku esa o`f¼ gksxh] cfYd vkSj la?k"kZ fuèkkZfjr gksrs gSaA fy, •rjk gks ldrh gSA
csgrj 'kklu dh lqfoèkk Hkh feysxh D;ksafd orZeku dksjksuk egkekjh esa jktdks"kh; µ fouhr oqQekj
ikfVZ;ka jk‘ªh;] jkT; vkSj 'kgj Lrj osQ la?kokn dh lqn`<+rk ls gh jkT;ksa dh vkfFkZd 'kkeyh] mÙkj çns'k
?kks"k.kki=kksa dks tksM+us osQ fy, etcwj gksaxhA
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ykxr dks de djsxk] vkSj lHkh pqukoksa dks
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gksrs gSa] vkSj vDlj ;g rdZ fn;k tkrk gS
vxLr 2021&^yksd iz'kklu*
fd vkn'kZ vkpkj lafgrk ljdkj }kjk yksxksa vkt gh viuh izfr fudVre iqLrd foØsrk
osQ ykHk osQ fy, ifj;kstukvksa ;k uhfr
;kstukvksa dh ?kks"k.kk osQ jkLrs esa vk tkrh ds ikl lqjf{kr djk,aA
gSA eq>s bl vad ls dkiQh lkjh tkudkjh
,d gh LFkku ij fey xbZA oSls rks ^;kstuk* 'kh?kz vk jgk gS& ûkjh 'kfDr* ij dsafnzr vad
dh lkjh tkudkfj;ka dkiQh vPNh gksrh gSaA
vad dh çLrqfr osQ fy, ;kstuk Vhe dks
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µ ½'ko jkt] iVuk] fcgkj
if=kdk u feyus dh f'kdk;r vFkok
[email protected] ;kstuk dh lnL;rk ysus ;k
çfrLièkhZ la?kokn dh Hkwfedk iqjkus vad eaxkus osQ fy,
;kstuk êbZ* fo'ks"kkad vR;fèkd [email protected] ij bZey s djsAa
KkuoèkZd jgk] ftlesa lHkh çfrf’r ys•dksa
}kjk Hkkjrh; uo la?kokn dh liQyrk vkSj
;k laidZ djs&a nwjHkk"k% 011&24367453
pqukSfr;ksa ij ppkZ dh xbZ] ftlesa uhfr (lkseokj ls 'kqØokj lHkh dk;Z fnol ij
vk;ksx ,d ^fFkad VSad* ek=k u gksdj osQaæ
jkT;ksa osQ chp lg;ksx ds tfj, çfrLièkhZ
izkr% 9%30 cts ls 'kke 6%00 cts rd)
4 ;kstuk] tqykbZ 2021
laikndh;
fofoèkrk dk vn~Hkqr laxe

iw oksZÙkj jkT;ksa osQ ;qokvksa osQ fy, fnYyh esa viuk ikjaifjd O;atu cukuk fdruk eqf'dy gks ldrk
gS\ bldh ckuxh fiNys o"kZ gh vkbZ bl O;atu& ^v[kuh* ij cuh fiQYe Âxone* esa ns[kh
tk ldrh gSA v[kuh dh xa/ vyx rjhosQ dh gksrh gSA bl otg ls fiQYe osQ uk;d dks HksnHkko vkSj
mis{kk dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA gkykafd] fiQYe osQ vkf•j esa fnYyh dks ,sls osQaæ osQ :i esa fn•k;k
tkrk gS] tgka ns'k osQ vyx&vyx fgLlksa dh laLÑfr vkSj fofoèkrk dk t'u euk;k tkrk gSA flfDde esa
'keuokn ij gky esa vkbZ Mªkek lhjht+ dh 'kwfVax iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa gh gqbZ gSA blesa dbZ LFkkuh; çfrHkkvksa osQ
tfj;s iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh thou 'kSyh vkSj pqukSfr;ksa osQ ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr dks êq[;èkkjk*
ls tksM+us dk ekStwnk ut+fj;k vnwjn'khZ vkSj vuqfpr gSA ;g oqQN ,slk gS ekuks vki fdlh fnYyh ;k eqacbZ
okys dks dg jgs gksa fd mudh igpku rHkh gS] tc dksbZ vke vesfjdh bls ekU;rk nsA njvly] ;g
oqQN ,slk gS fd ge viuh vKkurk dks oqQN ,slh pht ij Fkksi jgs gSa ftldk vfLrRo yacs le; ls
liQyrkiwoZd dk;e gSA
iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa esa dbZ rjg dh •wfc;ka ekStwn gSa& mitkÅ tehu] çpqj ty lalkèku] gfj;kyh vkSj taxy]
o"kkZ] O;kid tSo&fofoèkrk] ouLifr o tho vkSj lkekftd&vkfFkZd] jktuhfrd] tkrh; rFkk lkaLÑfrd
fofoèkrk dk vn~Hkqr laxeA ;kstuk osQ bl vad esa iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ds laca/ esa lexz rkSj ij tkuus dh dksf'k'k
dh xbZ gSA bl {ks=k osQ ikl vyx rjg dh pqukSfr;ka vkSj volj gSaA vkt tgka iwjh nqfu;k çkÑfrd thou'kSyh
dh rjiQ c<+ jgh gS] ogha iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa osQ yksxksa dk thou lgt :i ls çÑfr ls tqM+k gSA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh
vuks•h ns'kh laLÑfr gS vkSj bls cpkuk gksxkA lkFk gh] bl {ks=k osQ yksxksa dks vkèkqfud le; osQ fglkc ls
çklafxd Hkh cukuk gksxkA
bl vad osQ fy, vkys[k@lkexzh rS;kj djuk eqf'dy] ysfdu fnypLi dke FkkA blesa laxhr] u`R;]
vyx&vyx dykvksa] lkfgR;] fiQYe ls ysdj 'kklu ç.kkyh] fodkl] jkst+xkj vkSj 'kS{kf.kd volj tSls
fofoèk fo"k;ksa ij vkys• fn, x, gSaA ge fouezrkiwoZd ;g Lohdkj djuk pkgrs gSa fd 8 jkT;ksa& v#.kkpy
çns'k] vle] ef.kiqj] es?kky;] fet+ksje] uxkySaM] flfDde vkSj f=kiqjk dks oqQN iÂksa esa lesVuk vlaHko gSA
gkykafd] geus bl {ks=k dh vyx&vyx >yfd;ksa] fopkjksa vkSj 'kksèk dks is'k djus dh dksf'k'k dh gSA gesa
yxrk gS fd bu jkT;ksa ls tqM+h vyx&vyx rjg dh pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus osQ fy, varj&ladk; 'kksèk leqnk;]
uhfr fuekZrkvksa] uhfr;ksa dks ykxw djus okyksa vkSj flfoy lkslk;Vh dks lefUor vkèkkj ij dke djus dh
t+:jr gSA vke èkkj.kk ;g gS fd iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa dh laHkkoukvksa dk vc rd rd lgh rjhosQ ls nksgu ugha
fd;k x;k gS] ftldk ykHk ;gka osQ yksxksa dks feyrkA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k fodkl ea=kky; osQ rRoko/ku esa bl {ks=k
osQ lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl dh jÝrkj rst djus osQ fy, dsanz ljdkj çfrc¼ gS] rkfd ;g {ks=k Hkh fodkl
osQ ekeys esa ns'k osQ ckdh fgLlksa osQ lkFk dne esa dne feykdj py losQA
ge vius ys•dksa osQ vkHkkjh gSa ftUgksaus egkekjh vkSj ykWdMkmu dh otg ls iSnk gqbZ leL;kvksa vkSj
nq%• osQ nkSj esa Hkh bl vad osQ fy, viuk ;ksxnku fn;kA èkS;Z cuk, j•us vkSj yxkrkj lg;ksx çnku djus
osQ fy, ge vius ikBdksa dk Hkh vkHkkj çdV djuk pkgrs gSaA vius ikBdksa osQ lq>koksa osQ ekè;e ls gh
ge mu fo"k;ksa dh igpku dj ikrs gSa tks yksxksa dh ilan vkSj t:jrksa osQ eqrkfcd gksrs gSaA ge mEehn djrs
gSa fd ;g vad Kkuo¼Zd vkSj csgrj gksxkA lqjf{kr jgsa vkSj vius LokLF; dk è;ku j•sa! n
;kstuk] tqykbZ 2021 5
fo'ks"k iQksdl % fet+ksje
izeq[k vkys[k
iwokZsÙkj {ks=k esa ç'kklu

ih ,l Jhèkju fiYybZ
fet+ksje dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gS fet+ks yksxksa dh HkwfeA ^fet+ks* ,d O;kid 'kCn gS tks Y;qlsbZ (igys ;g
Y;q'kkbZ dgykrh Fkh) ybZ] ekjk] ãkj] iSys tSls vusd tutkfr;ksa vkSj dchyksa osQ fy, ç;qDr fd;k
tkrk gSA fczfV'k 'kklu ls igys fofHkÂ fet+ks tutkfr;ka dchyksa osQ Lora=k ljnkjksa osQ vèkhu jgrh
FkhaA fczfV'k yksx bl bykosQ dks ^^Y;q'kkbZ fgYl** uke ls tkurs Fks vkSj ;g 1895 esa fofèkor fczfV'k
bafM;k dk fgLlk cu x;k FkkA Hkkjr osQ Lokèkhurk çkIr djus osQ ckn Y;q'kkbZ fgYl (tks ckn esa fet+ks
ftyk cuk) vle jkT; dk ftyk cu x;kA 1972 esa bls osQaæ'kkflr çns'k fet+ksje cuk fn;k x;kA fiQj
yxHkx nks n'kdksa rd foæksg osQ ckn 1987 esa iw.kZ jkT; dk ntkZ ikdj fet+ksje Hkkjrh; la?k dk ,d
iw.kZ jkT; cu x;kA
iwokZsÙkj {ks=k & ,d ut+j esa ls f?kjk gqvk gSA bl HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr osQ iQk;ns Hkh gSa vkSj uqdlku
Hkkjr osQ iwokZsÙkj {ks=k esa vkB jkT; vkrs gSa vkSj bl {ks=k esa Hkh gSaA blh dkj.k bl lewps iwokZsÙkj {ks=k osQ lok±xh.k fodkl ij
vikj çkÑfrd laink vkSj O;kid laHkkouk,a gSaA bl {ks=k esa fofHkÂ nkf;Ro ç'kklu dks lokZfèkd è;ku nsuk pkfg,A
laLÑfr;ksa] Hkk"kkvksa vkSj jhfr fjoktksa okys vusd leqnk; jgrs gSaA iwokZsÙkj Hkkjr osQ fy, laLFkkxr lgk;rk
;gka HkkSxksfyd n`f‘ ls dfBukbZ Hkjk HkwHkkx gS] fiNM+s bykosQ gSa vkSj o"kZ 2001 esa iwokZsÙkj {ks=k fodkl foHkkx dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ FkhA
dusfDVfoVh Hkh lhfer gSA vHkh gky rd bl {ks=k esa dbZ mxzoknh bls 2004 esa iw.kZ ea=kky; dk ntkZ ns fn;k x;kA iwokZsÙkj {ks=k fodkl
xzqi (laxBu) lfØ; FksA ysfdu] osQaæ dh ekStwnk ljdkj osQ varxZr ea=kky; iwokZsÙkj Hkkx osQ lHkh vkB jkT;ksa osQ lkekftd&vkfFkZd
gq, uxkySaM 'kkafr le>kSrs vkSj cksMks 'kkafr le>kSrs osQ ckn ogka vc fodkl ls tqM+s eqíksa vkSj leL;kvksa ls fuiVus osQ mik; djrk gSA
dkiQh gn rd 'kkafr LFkkfir gks pqdh gSA ;g ea=kky; le;krhr u gksus okys lalkèkuksa osQ osQaæh; iwy dk
;g {ks=k Hkkjr dh eq[; Hkwfe ls fliQZ djhc 22 fdyksehVj çcaèku djrk Fkk vkSj vc iwokZsÙkj fo'ks"k baÚkLVªDpj fodkl ;kstuk
pkSM+s xfy;kjs ls tqM+k gqvk gS ftls flfyxqM+h xfy;kjk dgk tkrk gS pyk jgk gSA
(bls igys fposQUl uSd ;kuh eqxsZ dh xnZu dgk tkrk Fkk)A bl rax iwokZsÙkj ifj"kn Hkkjr dh {ks=kh; ;kstuk cukus okyh laoèS kkfud
xfy;kjs dks NksM+dj ns'k dk lewpk iwokZsÙkj {ks=k varjjk‘ªh; lhekvksa laLFkk gS ftldk xBu iwokZsÙkj ifj"kn vfèkfu;e] 1971 osQ varxZr
ys[kd fet+ksje ds jkT;iky gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

fd;k x;k FkkA iwokZsÙkj {ks=k osQ vkBksa jkT;ksa osQ jkT;iky vkSj eq[;ea=kh dk gj igyw vkSj mudk jgu&lgu iwjh rjg fØ'p;u yksxksa tSlk
bl iwokZsÙkj ifj"kn osQ lnL; gksrs gSaA bl ifj"kn osQ vè;‍{k osQaæh; cu pqdk gS vkSj iqjkuh ns'kh; ekU;krk,a vkSj ijEijk,a vc dgha ugha
x`gea=kh vkSj mikè;{k iwokZsÙkj {ks=k fodkl ea=kh gksrs gSaA fn•kbZ nsrhaA fet+ksje dh yxHkx 8 çfr'kr tula[;k ckS¼ èkeZ dks
fet+ksje ifjp; ekurh gS ftuesa eq[; :i ls Hkkjr&ckaXykns'k lhek ls yxs bykosQ
fet+ksje dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gS fet+ks yksxksa dh HkwfeA ^fet+ks* ,d osQ pedk tutkrh; yksx 'kkfey gSaA
O;kid 'kCn gS tks Y;qlsbZ (igys ;g Y;q'kkbZ dgykrh Fkh) ybZ] fet+ks foæksg (1966&1986)
ekjk] ãkj] iSys tSls vusd tutkfr;ksa vkSj dchyksa osQ fy, ç;qDr 1959 esa fet+ks fgYl esa êkSre* vdky iM+k FkkA ml oDr
fd;k tkrk gSA fczfV'k 'kklu ls igys fofHkÂ fet+ks tutkfr;ka ;g ftyk vle jkT; dk Hkkx FkkA djhc 48 o"kZ ckn ckal esa
dchyksa osQ Lora=k ljnkjksa osQ vèkhu jgrh FkhaA fczfV'k yksx bl vaoqQj iwQVrs gSa vkSj rHkh dhM+s&edkSM+ksa vkSj pwgksa osQ ejus ls Iys‍x
bykosQ dks ^^Y;q'kkbZ fgYl** uke ls tkurs Fks vkSj ;g 1895 esa dk çdksi vkrk gS ftlls Ñf"k {ks=k esa vdky iM+rk gSA ml le;
fofèkor fczfV'k bafM;k dk fgLlk cu x;k FkkA Hkkjr osQ Lokèkhurk osQaæ ljdkj vkSj vle ljdkj] nksuksa dh vksj ls mis{kk fd, tkus
çkIr djus osQ ckn Y;q'kkbZ fgYl (tks ckn esa fet+ks ftyk cuk) dk vuqeku yxkdj vkØks'k esa Hkjdj yksxksa us fet+ks us'kuy iSQfeu
vle jkT; dk ftyk cu x;kA 1972 esa bls osQaæ'kkflr çns'k ÚaV dk xBu fd;k ftldk usr`Ro yyMsaxk dj jgs FksA 1961 esa
fet+ksje cuk fn;k x;kA fiQj yxHkx nks n'kdksa rd foæksg osQ ckn ;gh fet+ks us'kuy iSQfeu ÚaV ,d jktuhfrd ny esa ifjofrZr gks
1987 esa iw.kZ jkT; dk ntkZ ikdj fet+ksje Hkkjrh; la?k dk ,d x;k vkSj bls fet+ks us'kuy ÚaV (,e,u,iQ) osQ uke ls tkuk
iw.kZ jkT; cu x;kA x;kA blosQ vè;{k yyMsaxk gh cus FksA ,e,u,iQ us 28 iQjojh]
laLÑfr vkSj èkeZ 1966 dh jkr esa Hkkjr ljdkj osQ fo#¼ l'kÐ foæksg NsM+ fn;k
fczfV'k yksxksa osQ vkus ls igys ;gka osQ tutkrh; yksx thooknh vkSj vxys fnu 1 ekpZ] 1966 dks mu yksxksa us Lora=k gks tkus
(,fufefLV) FksA os yksx iqjkus <ax dh •srh dh ?kks"k.kk dj nhA Hkkjrh; lsuk }kjk nck
djrs Fks] oU; i'kqvksa dk f'kdkj djrs Fks vkSj o"kZ 2001 esa iwokZsÙkj {ks=k fodkl fn, tkus osQ ckn ,e,u,iQ ihNs gV x;k
xzkeh.k yksx vDlj vkil esa yM+rs jgrs FksA foHkkx dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ FkhA ysfdu iwohZ ikfdLrku vkSj cekZ (E;kaekj)
ml nkSj osQ yksdxhrksa esa eq[; :i ls rhu ls viuh xfrfofèk;ka pykrk jgk vkSj phu
fo"k; 'kkfey jgrs Fks& ^çse*] ^f'kdkj*] vkSj
bls 2004 esa iw.kZ ea=kky; dk mls Vªsfuax vkSj leFkZu nsrk jgkA fet+ks foæksg
^;ks¼k*A muosQ dksbZ fyf•r vkys• ugha gksrs ntkZ ns fn;k x;kA iwokZsÙkj {ks=k djhc chl o"kZ pyrk jgk vkSj bl nkSjku
FksA oqQN tutkrh; u`R; Hkh Fks] tSls % psjkWo fodkl ea=kky; iwokZsÙkj Hkkx osQ ,e,u,iQ vkSj Hkkjr ljdkj ,d&nwljs ij
(cSEcw Mkal)] ljyedbZ] NsbgZ ye] •qokYyae lHkh vkB jkT;ksa osQ lkekftd& T;knfr;ksa osQ vkjksi yxkrs jgsA vkf•jdkj
bR;kfnA os rhu eq[; R;kSgkj eukrs Fks& ikmy vkfFkZd fodkl ls tqM+s eqíksa vkSj 30 twu] 1986 dks ,e,u,iQ osQ usrk
oqQV] pipkj oqQV vkSj fee oqQVA leL;kvksa ls fuiVus osQ mik; yyMsaxk] osQaæh; x`g lfpo vkjMh çèkku
fczVsu dk 'kklu vkus osQ lkFk gh vkSj fet+ksje osQ eq[; lfpo yy•kek osQ
bZlkbZ fe'kufj;ka Hkh vkb± ftUgksaus fet+ks Hkk"kk
djrk gSA ;g ea=kky; le;krhr u chp Hkkjr osQ lafoèkku osQ çkoèkkuksa osQ
dh fyfi •ksth vkSj mldh o.kZekyk dk gksus okys lalkèkuksa osQ osQaæh; iwy varxZr fet+ksje 'kkafr le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj
fodkl fd;kA vkt fet+ksje osQ yxHkx lHkh dk çcaèku djrk Fkk vkSj vc fd, x,A blh osQ lkFk fet+ksje 20 iQjojh]
xSj&;gwnh yksx fØ'p;u èkeZ viukdj bZlkbZ iwokZsÙkj fo'ks"k baÚkLVªDpj fodkl 1987 dks Hkkjrh; la?k dk 23oka jkT; cu
cu pqosQ gSa] jkT; dh tula[;k osQ 87 ;kstuk pyk jgk gSA x;kA ,e,u,iQ jkT; esa pquko thr x;k vkSj
çfr'kr yksx ,slk dj pqosQ gSaA muosQ thou yyMsaxk ogka osQ igys eq[;ea=kh cusA
fet+ksje dh vFkZO;oLFkk
dksfoM&19 egkekjh vkus ls igys fet+ksje osQ ldy jkT; ?kjsyw
mRikn esa fujarj o`f¼ gks jgh FkhA orZeku ewY;ksa osQ vkèkkj ij 2019&20
esa jkT; dk ldy ?kjsyw mRikn 26]502 djksM+ #i;s dk gksus dk
vuqeku gS tks mlls fiNys o"kZ osQ eqdkcys 18-91 çfr'kr T;knk FkkA
2011&12 osQ fLFkj ewY;ksa osQ vkèkkj ij 2011&12 ls 2019&20 osQ
foÙkh; o"kks± dh vofèk esa jkT;‍ osQ ldy ewY;of¼Zr mRikn esa vkSlru
12-63 çfr'kr o`f¼ ntZ dh xbZA
fet+ksje & ewy ekinaM ldy jkT; ewY; lao¼Zu esa lsok {ks=k dk ;ksxnku djhc 43-28
fet+ksje dk HkkSxksfyd {ks=k 21]081 oxZ fdyksehVj gSA jkT; izfr'kr gSA vkS|ksfxd {ks=kksa dk blesa djhc 30-64 izfr'kr ;ksxnku
esa 11 ftys gSa ftUgsa 23 mi&fMohtuksa esa ckaVk x;k gSA jkT; esa 26 gS tcfd cM+h iSQfDVª;ka vkSj m|ksx ogka yxHkx u osQ cjkcj gSaA
xzkeh.k fodkl •aM cuk, x, gSaA jktèkkuh vkbt+ksy esa ,d uxj vkèkh ls T;knk tula[;k dh vk; dk lkèku •srh gh gS ijUrq ldy
ikfydk gSA 2011 dh tux.kuk osQ vuqlkj jkT; esa 830 xkao gSa vkSj ?kjsyw ewY; lao¼Zu esa Ñf"k {ks=k dk ;ksxnku fliQZ 26-08 izfr'kr gSA
jkT; dh oqQy tula[;k 10]97]206 FkhA jkT; esa çfr oxZ fdyksehVj fet+ksje dk 2021&22 dk ctV 11]148-89 djksM+ dk gS vkSj
52 yksx jgrs gSaA 'kgjh vkcknh 51-11 çfr'kr gS vkSj 47-89 çfr'kr 2019&20 esa jkT; dh çfr O;fDr vk; 2]01]741 #i;s jgus dk
yksx xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa jgrs gSaA vuqeku gSA
varjjk‘ªh; lhek,a Ñf"k
fet+ksje osQ if'pe esa 318 fdyksehVj yEch lhek ckaXykns'k ls fet+ksje dh vFkZO;oLFkk eq[; :i ls Ñf"k ij vkèkkfjr gS vkSj
yxrh gS ftldh j•okyh lhek lqj{kk cy djrk gSA Hkkjr&ckaXykns'k jkT; dh] fo'ks"kdj xzkeh.k bykdksa dh tula[;k •srh vkSj mlls
lhek ij oaQVhysa rkjksa dh isQaflax (ckM+) yxkbZ xbZ gSA iwohZ fn'kk esa tqM+h xfrfofèk;ksa ij fuHkZj jgrh gSA vuqeku gS fd 2018&19 esa
jkT; dh 404 fdyksehVj yEch lhek E;kaekj ls yxrh gS ftldh oqQy 2]17]000 gSDVs;j {ks=k esa •srh dh xbZA 2019&20 dh eq[;
j•okyh v¼ZlfS ud cy vle jkbiQYl laHkkyrk gSA lhek ij jgus iQlyksa dk mRiknu bl çdkj jgk% frygu&8]087 ehfVªd Vu] xÂk%
okys nksuksa ns'kksa osQ chp HkkbZpkjk vkSj esytksy gksus osQ dkj.k lkekU; 46]842 ehfVªd Vu] vkyw% 534 ehfVªd Vu] eDdk% 11]668 ehfVªd
le; esa Hkkjr E;kaekj ls eqDr vkoktkgh dh O;oLFkk ij lger Vu] èkku% 60]239 ehfVªd Vu vkSj nkysa% 5]507 ehfVªd VuA
jgrk gS ftlosQ rgr lhek osQ nksuksa rjiQ 16 fdyksehVj osQ Hkhrj fet+ksje esa vkWxZsfud •srh dks c<+kok nsus osQ mís'; ls 2017
yksx 72 ?kaVs osQ fy, fcuk oht+k osQ csjksdVksd vk&tk ldrs gSaA ls fe'ku vkWxZsfud oSY;w psu MsoyiesaV (,evkschlhMh,uvkj)
,d rjiQ ls E;kaekj vkSj nwljh rjiQ ls ckaXykns'k osQ chp iaQls ;kstuk pykbZ xbZ gSA bl ;kstuk osQ rgr 13]000 gSDVs;j {ks=k
gksus dk ;g ykHk Hkh gS fd ;g {ks=k bu nksuksa ns'kksa dks tksM+us okys esa •srh djus okys 14]104 fdlkuksa dks doj fd;k x;k gS
lsrq dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA gekjh ^,DV bZLV* uhfr osQ rgr fet+ksje vkSj 9 Ñf"k mRikn laxBu (,iQihvks) vkSj 5 Ñf"k mRiknd
dk ;g {ks=k nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k dk ços'k }kj oaQifu;ka Hkh LFkkfir dh xbZ gSaA bldk ewy
cu ldrk gS tks vR;Ur‍ egRoiw.kZ miyfCèk Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dh NBh mís'; ijaijkxr Ñf"k ç.kkfy;ksa dh txg
lkfcr gks ldrh gSA vuqlwph osQ varxZr fet+ksje cktkj&vuqowQy DyLVj •srh dks viukuk
vYila[;d vkSj fiNM+s bykosQ vkSj fiQj gYnh] fepZ] vnj• vkSj pk;
esa rhu Lok;Ùk ftyk ifj"knsa
Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dh NBh vuqlp w h osQ tSlh vfèkd ewY;oku iQlyksa ij è;ku
varxZr fet+kjs e esa rhu Lok;Ùk ftyk ifj"knsa (,Mhlh) gSa ftUgsa ybZ ,Mhlh] osQafær djuk gSA
(,Mhlh) gSa ftUgsa ybZ ,Mhlh] ekjk ,Mhlh ekjk ,Mhlh vkSj pdek ,Mhlh chtksa vkSj ikSèk lkexzh osQ ckjs esa
vkSj pdek ,Mhlh dgrs gSAa ybZ] ekjk dgrs gSaA ybZ] ekjk vkSj pdek mi&fe'ku dk mís'; lHkh iQlyksa osQ vfèkd
vkSj pdek bu ifj"knksa esa ikbZ tkus okyh bu ifj"knksa esa ikbZ tkus okyh mit nsus okys chtksa dk mRiknu djuk gSA
cgql[a ;d tutkfr;ksa osQ uke gSAa ybZ vkSj cgqla[;d tutkfr;ksa osQ uke jk‘ªh; •k| lqj{kk fe'ku osQ varxZr oqQy
ekjk tutkfr;ksa osQ chp vkilh lacèa k gksrs 404 gSDVs;j esa tSrwu dh •srh dh xbZ gSA
gSaA ybZ vkSj ekjk tutkfr;ksa osQ
gSa vkSj ;s ^fet+k*s tutkfr osQ rgr vkrh gSa 2022 rd fdlkuksa dh vk; nksxquh djus osQ
tcfd pdek tutkfr osQ yksx laLÑfr] Hkk"kk chp vkilh lacaèk gksrs gSa vkSj osQaæ ljdkj osQ ladYi osQ rgr Hkh vusd
vkSj èkeZ osQ ekeyksa esa fet+ks yksxksa ls fHkÂ gSAa ;s ^fet+ks* tutkfr osQ rgr vkrh dk;ZØe 'kq: fd, x, gSa ftuesa vfèkd
Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dh NBh vuqlp w h osQ varxZr gSa tcfd pdek tutkfr osQ mit nsus okyh fdLeksa dks yksdfç; cukuk
fet+kjs e osQ jkT;iky dks bu bykdksa osQ ckjs esa yksx laLÑfr] Hkk"kk vkSj èkeZ osQ Hkh 'kkfey gSA Ñf"k foKku osQaæ] lesfdr
fo'ks"k vfèkdkj vkSj nkf;Ro çkIr gSa rFkk dbZ ekeyksa esa fet+ks yksxksa ls fHkÂ gSaA Ñf"k ç.kkyh vkSj gjyh&vkèkkfjr •srh tSlh
foosdkèkhu 'kfDr;ka Hkh muosQ ikl gSAa ;kstuk,a Hkh viukbZ tk jgh gSaA
ckxokuh vkSj y{k}hi esa gSA 2011 dh tux.kuk osQ
fet+ksje esa Ñf"k vkSj tyok;q dh n`f‘ ls fet+ksje osQ 85 izfr'kr Hkkx esa vuqlkj fet+ksje esa 1000 iq#"kksa osQ eqdkcys
ifjfLFkfr;ka vuqowQy gksus osQ dkj.k ckxokuh ou {ks=k gS vkSj bl n`f‘ ls ;g 975 efgyk,a gSaA jkT; osQ nf{k.k Hkkx esa rsy
cgqr mi;ksxh vkSj ykHkçn O;olk; gSA o"kZ Hkkjr dk loZJs’ jkT; gSA jkT; vkSj çkÑfrd xSl osQ HkaMkj Hkh feys gSaA ;g
2020 esa fcuk ekSle osQ VekVj dh •srh ls esa lk{kjrk nj 91-58 izfr'kr gS {ks=k E;kaekj osQ vjkdku ls yxk gqvk gSA
240-80 yk• #i;s ls vfèkd dh vkenuh fet+ksje dh lHkh ufn;ksa dk nksgu fd;k tk;s
gqbZ Fkh vkSj cUn xksHkh dh csekSle iQly
tks ns'k esa rhljh lcls T;knk nj rks ;gka 4500 esxkokV fctyh mRiknu dh
ls 330-20 yk• #i;s osQ djhc vkenuh gSA blls T;knk lk{kjrk osQjy {kerk fodflr dh tk ldrh gSA jk‘ªh; lkSj
gqbAZ MªxS u ÚwV dh DyLVj •srh dk foLrkj vkSj y{k}hi esa gSA 2011 dh ÅtkZ laLFkku (,uvkbZ,lbZ) osQ vkdyu osQ
fd;k x;k gS ftlls 2019&20 osQ nkSjku 300 tux.kuk osQ vuqlkj fet+ksje esa vuqlkj jkT; esa yxHkx 9-09 xhxkokV ÅtkZ
yk• #i;s osQ vklikl vk; gqbAZ 2019&20 1000 iq#"kksa osQ eqdkcys 975 dk mRiknu fd;k tk ldrk gSA ns'k osQ ckal
esa eSaMsfju vkWjsat (larjs) dh mit djhc efgyk,a gSaA HkaMkj esa fet+ksje dk ;ksxnku 14 çfr'kr gSA
53984 ehfVªd Vu gqbZ ftldk ewY; yxHkx çxfr'khy leqnk;
16 djksM+ #i;s FkkA fet+ksje dh fo'o çfl¼ yky fepZ dk rks fet+ksje esa oxZghu lekt gS vkSj leqnk; dh cgqr l'kDr
fo'ks"k LFkku vkSj egRo gS ghA Hkkouk gSA yksx vkerkSj ij eu ls vPNs gSa vkSj dkuwu dk ikyu
lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl uhfr (,lbZMhih) djus okys ukxfjd gSaA yksxksa osQ vuq'kkflr gksus dk rks blh ckr ls
fet+ksje esa orZeku ljdkj dh çeq• uhfr gS lkekftd&vkfFkZd irk pyrk gS fd fet+ksje dh jktèkkuh vkbt+ksy esa dksbZ Hkh O;fDr
fodkl uhfrA bl uhfr dk mís'; vYikofèk vkSj nh?kkZofèk fVdkÅ gkWuZ ugha ctkrk vkSj Mªkboj yksx vdkj.k gkWuZ ugha nckrsA vke
fodkl ykuk gSA bl uhfr dks dbZ Hkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gS ftuesa turk dh bZekunkjh dk lcls cM+k lcwr ;gh gS fd gkbZos osQ fdukjs
jktuSfrd] ç'kklfud] vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd fodkl Hkh 'kkfey gSaA nqdkusa fcuk nqdkunkj osQ gh pyrh gSa vkSj iwjk dkjksckj vkilh
ç'kklfud uhfr dk vly edln çHkkoh ç'kklu dh n`f‘ ls fo'okl vkSj Hkjksls ij pyrk gSA
lwpuk vkSj lapkj çkS|ksfxdh dk O;kid bLrseky djuk gSA vkfFkZd dksfoM&19 egkekjh osQ nkSjku leqnk; dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk
uhfr esa 'kkfey eq[; eqíksa esa Ñf"k] ckxokuh] ckal dh •srh] jcM+ lkiQ fn•kbZ nhA jkT; ljdkj us jkT; Hkj esa xzke@LFkkuh; Lrj
dh •srh] cqfu;knh lqfoèkkvksa dk fodkl vkSj çcaèku] O;kikj vkSj osQ vusd dk;Zcy xfBr fd, ftudk usr`Ro LFkkuh; usrkvksa us
fuos'k dk okrkoj.k fodflr djuk] vkfn fo'ks"k gSaA lkekftd gh laHkkyk FkkA ykWdMkmu yxk, tkus dh fLFkfr esa fet+ksje osQ
fodkl uhfr esa tu'kfDr fodkl] f'k{kk] lkekftd lqj{kk oxSjg ij LFkkuh; yksxksa us igjk fn;k vkSj pkSdlh cuk, j•h ftlls jkT; esa
è;ku fn;k tkrk gSA bl egkekjh ls cgqr de ekSrsa gqb±A LFkkuh; Lrj osQ bu dk;Zcyksa
fet+ksje&•wfc;ka us ljdkj vkSj fofHkÂ èkkfeZd laLFkkuksa osQ lg;ksx ls mu xjhc
fet+ksje osQ 85 izfr'kr Hkkx esa ou {ks=k gS vkSj bl n`f‘ ls vkSj t:jrean yksxksa rd cjkcj vkfFkZd lgk;rk vkSj vko';d
;g Hkkjr dk loZJs’ jkT; gSA jkT; esa lk{kjrk nj 91-58 izfr'kr lkeku&lkexzh igqapkus esa vge Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ tks ykWdMkmu osQ
gS tks ns'k esa rhljh lcls T;knk nj gSA blls T;knk lk{kjrk osQjy dkj.k ijs'kkuh esa gSaA
fet+ksje&pqukSfr;ka
pkjksa rjiQ ls f?kjk gqvk jkT; gksus osQ dkj.k fet+ksje osQ fy,
dusfDVfoVh dh leL;k ,d cM+h pukSrh gSA jkT; esa fliQZ ,d gh
gokbZ vM~Mk gS& ysaxiqb gokbZ vM~MkA jkT; esa ,d gh jsy laidZ
izFke jsy ekxZ laidZ gS tks vle dh lhek ij fLFkr cSjkch esa gSA vc cSjkch jsy ykbu
iwoksZÙkj ls ckaXykns'k dks lSajx rd igqapkus dk dk;Z py jgk gS tks vkbt+ksy ls djhc
20 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij gSA
fet+ksje esa oqQy nks jk‘ªh; jktekxZ gSa ftuesa ls ,d vle ls
vkSj nwljk f=kiqjk ls bls tksM+rk gSA jkT; dks vle ls tksM+us okyk
jktekxZ rks okLro esa fet+ksje dh thoujs•k gSA fdlh otg ls ;g
ekxZ vo#¼ gks tk, rks fet+ksje dk ns'k osQ lHkh Hkkxksa ls laidZ
dV tkrk gSA
yy vxjryk ls v[kkSjk rd jsy ekxZA
nqHkkZX; gh gS fd fet+ksje esa oSQalj vkSj ,pvkbZoh osQ jksfx;ksa
yy bl ekxZ ij iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr ls dh la[;k vis{kkÑr T;knk gS vkSj bldh cM+h otg gS fd ogka osQ
ckaXykns'k rd ;k=kh rFkk eky
jsyxkfM+;ksa dh vkoktkgh yksxksa dh thou'kSyh LoLFk ugha gSA jkT; esa 67 izfr'kr yksx rackowQ
dk lsou djrs gSa tcfd èkweiz ku djus okyksa dk jk‘ªh; vkSlr 37
vkd"kZ.k gSA gSYFk fjtkWVZ vkSj oSyusl osQaæ LFkkfir djuk Hkh
ykHkdkjh vkSj mi;ksxh fl¼ gksxkA ijUrq i;ZVu osQ fodkl esa ,d
cM+h vM+pu gS jkT; esa ykxw buj ykbu ijfeV O;oLFkk ftlosQ
jgrs xSj tutkrh; yksxksa dks jkT; osQ Hkhrj tkus dh vuqefr ugha
gSA i;ZVu ea=kky; ls tkjh vkadM+ksa osQ vuqlkj i;ZVdksa dh vkod
dh n`f‘ ls fet+ksje lcls uhps osQ LFkku ij gSA jkT; esa bl {ks=k osQ
fodkl ij è;ku nsuk vR;Ur vko';d gSA
jkT; dh fof'k‘ oÐ&laLÑfr osQ cy ij ;gka gFkdj?kk vkSj
fet+ksje vkSj ef.kiqj esa gLrf'kYi m|ksx esa tcjnLr laHkkouk,a gSaA bl {ks=k esa oqQ'ky
iqufoZdkl ifj;kstuk vkSj voqQ'ky] nksuksa çdkj osQ dkjhxjksa dks jkst+xkj fey jgk gSA
vxyk vfuok;Z dne gksxk jkT; osQ vuwBs ikjaifjd gLrf'kYi vkSj
rkesaXykax&rkSlse&fylkax&egqj lM+dksa (,u,p&37) dks 483-87
djksM+ #i;s dh ykxr ls ef.kiqj esa Vw&ysu iDdh lM+d esa vkd"kZd jax&fcjaxh iks'kkdksa osQ fy, mi;qDr cktkj •kstukA
cnyk tk,xk dyknku eYVh eksMy VªkaftV ifjogu ifj;kstuk
(osQ,e,eVhVhih)
Hkkjrekyk ifj;kstuk ds rgr fet+kjs e esa jk"Vªh; jktekxZ&6
ds nqyrs&DokYdyg jksM (varjjk"Vªh; xfy;kjksa ds [kaM dks Hkkjr ljdkj dh dyknku eYVh eksMky VªkaftV ifjogu
374-39 djksM+ ds ctV ds lkFk Vw&ysu iDdh lM+d dk foLrkj ifj;kstuk (osQ,e,eVhVhih) ls if'pe caxky dh gfYn;k
canjxkg dks E;kaekj dh flÝVys canjxkg ls tksM+k tk jgk gS tks
izfr'kr dk gSA bl leL;k dks ns•rs gq, ;g Li‘ gS fd jkT; esa ckn esa fet+ksje osQ nf{k.k Hkkx ckyh canjxkg ls gksrs gq, Hkkjr
LokLF; lqfoèkkvksa osQ {ks=k esa cgqr oqQN djuk t:jh gSA esa igqapsxhA
fet+ksje&{kerk tSlk igys Hkh crk;k x;k gS fd lewpk iwokZsÙkj {ks=k osQoy 22
Ñf"k] ckxokuh vkSj lac¼ xfrfofèk;ksa dh n`f‘ ls jkT; esa fdyksehVj pkSM+s flyhxqM+h xfy;kjs ls gh 'ks"k Hkkjr ls tqM+k gqvk
vikj laHkkouk,a gSaA cgqr cM+h la[;k esa fdlku vc Hkh >we •srh gSA ;g‍ fLFkfr lqj{kk] vkokxeu vkSj ;krk;kr lHkh çdkj ls •jkc
;kuh f'kfÝVax dfYVos'ku esa gh vVosQ gq, gSa vkSj iqjkuh yhd ij gSA osQ,e,eVhVhih lewps gkykr dks cny nsxk D;ksafd blls ubZ
pydj gh •srh dj jgs gSaA Ñf"k {ks=k cgqr lh vU; leL;kvksa dk dusfDVfoVh cu tk,xh vkSj flyhxqM+h dkWfjMksj ls gksdj yEck ekxZ
Hkh lkeuk dj jgk gS ftuesa vkSlr Ñf"k tksr NksVh gksuk] fdlkuksa ikj djosQ vkus dh t:jr ugha jg tk,xhA ifj;kstuk dk Hkkjr okyk
dk o`¼ vkSj vf'kf{kr‍ gksuk] HkkSxksfyd n`f‘ ls tehu vuqowQy u Hkkx rks yxHkx iwjk gksus okyk gS] ijUrq E;kaekj dh rjiQ okys Hkkx
gksuk ;kuh fd tehu lery vkSj bdlkj u gksuk] tehu dh moZjrk osQ fuekZ.k esa vHkh oqQN vM+pusa gSa tks ogka dh ekStwnk jktuhfrd
?kV tkuk rFkk Ñf"k e'khuksa dk vHkkoA vkt vkèkqfud vkSj e'khuksa mBkiVd osQ dkj.k nwj ugha gks ldh gSaA
ls dh tkus okyh •srh csgn t:jh gSA vHkh mRiknu eq[; :i ls fu"d"kZ
LFkkuh; •ir osQ fglkc ls fd;k tkrk gS tcfd bls O;kolkf;d iwokZÙs kj {ks=k dkiQh le; ls misf{kr jgk gS vkSj bl ij è;ku
Lrj ij ykus dh cM+h t:jr gSA VekVj] can xksHkh] MªSxu ÚwV] ugha fn;k x;k gSA ijUrq] orZeku çèkkuea=kh dh igy ij vc osQæa h;
larjs] ukfj;y] yky fepZ vkSj osQys tSls ea=kh fu;fer :i ls bl {ks=k osQ nkSjs ij tkrs
ckxokuh mRiknksa osQ ekeys esa rks fet+ksje iw o kZ s Ù kj {ks = k dkiQh le; ls gSAa gkykafd iwokZÙs kj {ks=k dh tula[;k ns'k dh
dkiQh liQy gSA •k| çlaLdj.k viukdj mis f {kr jgk gS vkS j bl ij è;ku oqQy vkcknh dk ek=k 3-76 izfr'kr gS (2011
bu mRiknksa ls vkSj Hkh T;knk vk; çkIr ugha fn;k x;k gSA ijUrq] orZeku tux.kuk) fiQj Hkh osQæa ljdkj us bl {ks=k osQ
dh tk ldrh gSA bu lcosQ fy, dksYM çèkkuea=kh dh igy ij vc fy, oqQy ctV dk 10 izfr'kr miyCèk djkus
LVksjst] Ñf"k fyad jksM vkSj vklku igqap dh osQaæh; ea=kh fu;fer :i ls bl dk vk'oklu fn;k gSA ekuuh; çèkkuea=kh us
Hkhrj gkV&O;oLFkk miyCèk djkus dks igyh Lo;a dgk gS fd iwokZÙs kj {ks=k esa ns'k dk
çkFkfedrk nh tkuh pkfg,A
{ks = k os Q nkS j s ij tkrs gS a A gkyka f d fodkl batu cuus dh {kerk vkSj lkeF;Z gSA
i;ZVu vkSj •kldj i;kZoj.k i;ZVu iwokZsÙkj {ks=k dh tula[;k ns'k bu vk'kkvksa vkSj ldkjkRe‍d lksp osQ
rFkk xzkeh.k i;ZVu osQ {ks=k esa Hkh ;gka O;kid dh oq Q y vkcknh dk ek=k lkFk gh lHkh fgrkfFkZ;ksa dks viuh&viuh
laHkkouk,a gSaA jkT; osQ LoPN okrkoj.k] rktk 3-76 izfr'kr gS (2011 Hkwfedk fuHkkuh gksxhA ;g rks lgh gS fd bl
gok] vkjkenk;d tyok;q vkSj ?kuh gfj;kyh tux.kuk) fiQj Hkh osQaæ ljdkj {ks=k dh viuh •kl pqukSfr;ka vkSj eqf'dysa
i;ZVdksa osQ vkd"kZ.k osQ eq[; igyw gSaA ;gka us bl {ks=k osQ fy, oqQy ctV gSa ysfdu ,YcVZ vkbaLVhu us dgk Fkk&
dh jksekapd HkkSxksfyd lajpuk lkgfld ^^dfBukbZ esa gh volj fNik jgrk gSA** bl
lSykfu;ksa dks eksgus okyh gS vkSj xzkeh.k
dk 10 iz f r'kr miyCèk djkus {ks=k osQ yksxksa dks ;g volj nksuksa gkFkksa ls
okrkoj.k esa jgus dk vuqHko Hkh cgqr cM+k dk vk'oklu fn;k gSA Fkkeuk gksxkA n

YH-1600/2021

le`¼ •t+kuk
laLÑfr osQ ekè;e ls fodkl

MkW ujsaæ tks'kh
Hkkjr osQ iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa lkSj] ty vkSj iou ÅtkZ mRiknu dh çpqj laHkkoukvksa osQ cy ij ns'k dh
ÅtkZ jktèkkuh gksus dh vikj lkeF;Z gS foaQrq vc rd mldk va'k ek=k Hkh nksgu 'kk;n gh gks ik;k gSA
vius LFkyksa osQ eueksgd lkSan;Z rFkk tho&tarqvksa vkSj ouLifr dh fofoèkrk osQ ckotwn ;s {ks=k i;ZVu
dk LoxZ ugha cu ik;k gSA foaQrq bu xqfRFk;ksa dks lqy>kus dk eqík oqQN uktqd Hkh gSA gesa vkt fodkl
cuke laLÑfr ugha vfirq laLÑfr osQ ekè;e ls fodkl dh vko';drk gSA
iw oksZÙkj {ks=k osQ vkB jkT; vkfn dky ls Hkkjr osQ v•aM
vkSj vfHkÂ vax jgs gSaA Hkkjr osQ lkFk&lkFk ,f'k;k osQ
fy, Hkh lkefjd :i ls vfr egRoiw.kZ gSaA bl {ks=k
diM+k cquus esa fuiq.k FksA os vius osQ'kksa dh uqdhyh pksVh ckaèkrs
FksA Jh ,u ,u oklq us viuh iqLrd ^lks'ky fgLVªh vkWiQ dke:i*
(dke:i dk lkekftd bfrgkl) esa mudh vknrksa dk o.kZu oqQN
osQ pkjksa rjiQ ckaXykns'k] E;kaekj] frCcr] phu bR;kfn tSls dbZ ns'k bl çdkj fd;k gSµ lknk thou] iQy vkSj tMh&cwfV;ksa dk Hkkstu]
gSaA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dk 262]230 oxZ fdyksehVj dk {ks=kiQy Hkkjr dk peZNky iguuk] osQ'kksa dk twM+k ckaèkuk] LoHkko ls eèkqj foaQrq 'kÐ
yxHkx 8 çfr'kr gSA ;g {ks=k] Hkkjr vkSj nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k osQ èkkj.k dj ysa rks fodjky Lo:i] xsgqavk jax] cqukbZ esa fuiq.k bR;kfnA
chp dk lsrq gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk rFkk phu osQ nf{k.kh fgLls lfgr fo".kq iqjk.k esa fdjkrksa osQ Hkkjr osQ iwoksZÙkj Hkkx esa gksus dk o.kZu
nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k dh thoar vFkZO;oLFkkvksa osQ fy, Hkkjr dk gSA ;wukfu;ksa us bZlk i'pkr~ igyh 'krkCnh esa fdjkrksa yksxksa osQ ckjs
ços'k }kj Hkh gSA çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa (rsy] xSl] dks;yk]ty'kfDr]
mitkÅ Hkwfe vkfn) ls le`¼ ;g {ks=k vkfFkZd n`f‘ ls Hkh cgqr
ewY;oku gS D;ksafd bu lalkèkuksa dk nksgu jk‘ªh; fodkl osQ fy,
fd;k tk ldrk gSA
lkaLÑfrd lacaèk vkSj le`¼ •t+kuk
vufxur çek.k crkrs gSa fd 10oha ls 8oha 'krkCnh bZlk iwoZ esa
osnksa osQ ladyu dky ls ysdj 21oha 'krkCnh rd iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr osQ
gekjs HkkbZ vkSj cgu Hkkjr ekrk dh vikj larfr esa lekfgr jgs gSaA
;qxksa ;qxksa ls pys vk jgs ,sls lEidks± vkSj foy; dh ,d >yd
fn•kus dk ç;kl bl ys• esa fd;k tk jgk gSA ik'pkR; fparu
ls çHkkfor vkt osQ cgqr ls cqf¼thoh ftUgsa eaxksykWbM (eaxksy
çtkfr) osQ uke ls igpkurs gSa os ml dky esa fdjkr dgykrs FksA
;tqoZsn vkSj vFkosZn nksuksa esa fdjkr leqnk; dk mYys• gSA egkHkkjr
esa o.kZu fd;k x;k gS fd f'ko vkSj mek fdjkr naifr dk Hks"k
èkkj.k dj vtZqu dh riL‍;k dh ijh{kk ysus vk, FksA (ouioZ dk
fdjkr ioZ Hkkx% mudh lksus tSlh Ropk Fkh)A iwoZ fn'kk esa vius
lHkh fot;h vfHk;kuksa esa Hkhe dh HksaV fonsg çns'k esa fdjkrksa ls
gqbZA lHkk ioZ esa lw;ksZn; dh vkHkk ls eafMr ioZrksa] yksfgR; unh
vkSj igkfM+;ksa ls f?kjs çkXT‍;ksfr"k dk o.kZu gSA jkek;.k osQ fdf"dUèkk
dkaM esa fdjkrksa osQ ckjs esa fy•k gS% os Lo.kZ] jRuksa ls le`¼ vkSj
ys•d foosdkuan çcksfèkuh esa ifj;kstuk funs'kd gSaA
bZesy% [email protected]

esa lquk FkkA phu osQ ,d lsukifr vkSj vUos"kd osQu osQ vuqlkj
nwljh 'krkCnh bZLoh esa phu osQ lkFk O‍;kikj fdjkrksa osQ tfj, gksrk
FkkA mlosQ ckn lHkh uLyksa dk foy; iwjk gks x;kA
ehuukFk ls tqM+h ra=k fo|k dh ,dèkkjk dk lacaèk dke:i
ftys ls gSA 10oha 'krkCnh rd phu osQ ikl ,d lkS ra=k lafgrk,a
FkhaA lEekg ra=k esa fdjkr] HkksVk] fluk vkSj egkfluk dh rkaf=kd
laLÑfr dk o.kZu gSA foaQrq ;g foy; osQoy fpÙk ;kuh fopkjksa]
dYi‍uk vkSj 'kCnksa rd lhfer ugha FkkA Hkkjr osQ rRdkyhu 'kkldksa
osQ ç;klksa ls bls ewrZ :i feyk tks Lo;a dks ^èkeZ j{kd* dgyokus
esa xkSjokfUor eglwl djrs FksA Hkkjr esa jktk ½f"k;ksa osQ le{k 'kh'k
>qdkrs Fks vkSj lkalkfjd ;k 'kkldh; fo"k;ksa esa muls ekxZn'kZu ysrs
FksA jktk HkkLdj oeZu ÅiQZ Bxh jktk ,sls jktkvksa esa ,d çfl¼
uke gSA Bxh jktk dks fczfV'k 'kkldksa us canh cuk fy;k FkkA canhx`g
esa ,d laU;klh us muosQ eu esa fczfV'k gqoqQer ls yksgk ysus dh
vy• txkbZA bl l`tu ;qx esa] lewps vle vkSj vklikl osQ
{ks=k esa vusd eafnjksa dk fuekZ.k gqvk] ftuosQ vo'ks"k vkt Hkh
ekfyuhFkku tSls LFkkuksa ij lkal ys jgs gSaA ogka ikoZrh] baæ vkSj 12oha lnh osQ ckn Hkh tc lkekU;r% l`tu'khyrk osQ Hkko dk iru
uanh dh eueksgd çfrek,a gSaA lquiqjk osQ ikl rkejs'ojh esa 'kSo] vkjEHk gks pqdk Fkk rc Hkh HkfDr vkanksyu dh l'kDr xwat bl {ks=k
'kkDrk vkSj oS".ko lEçnk;ksa osQ rhu f'kykys• miyCèk gSaA dkfydk esa gh ugha lewps Hkkjr o"kZ esa lqukbZ ns jgh FkhA Hkkjr Hkwfe ij gj
iqjk.k esa bl {ks=k esa fo".kqihB gksus dk o.kZu gSA dgk tkrk gS fd vksj lar gh lar gq, gSaA bl egku ns'k esa larRo dh çkfIr gh egrh
eafnj dh •kst esa fudys dbZ cSjkfx;ksa us Hkw• ls ;k taxyh tkuojksa mís'; jgk gSA gkykafd vketu Hkh lkekU;r% bl vksj ço`Ùk FkkA
dk f'kdkj gksus osQ dkj.k vius çk.k xaok fn,A ^cqjk cqjh* uked Lokeh foosdkuan us dgk Fkk fd Hkyk vkSj dgka dchj] nknq] vkSj
mikluk dh osnh feyh gS ftls egknso ;k vkfn cq¼ dh osfndk rqdkjke tSls larksa dks bl lgtrk ls L‍ohdkj fd;k x;kA bu larksa
ekuk tkrk gSA yksfgr esa czãoqQaM vkSj ij'kqjke uke ls rhFkZ LFky us bl fo'kky Hkwfe osQ ,d Nksj ls nwljs Nksj rd Hkze.k djrs gq,
gSa vkSj yksfgr ftys osQ ik;k esa f'kofyax LFky dk irk pyk gSA vius vuqdj.kh; thou] çsjd mins'kksa vkSj Jqfreèkqj HkfDr laxhr

ls osnksa vkSj mifu"knksa dk lans'k lHkh oxks± dey ij‍ fojkteku gS* dk ea=k iwjs fgeky;
vkSj lEçnk;ksa rd igqapk;kA ml dky •aM fodkl osQ eqís dks Hkkjrh; esa tik tkrk gSA ;g ea=k vlfe;k Hkk"kk esa
esa vle esa egku lar 'kadjnso (1449 ls laLÑfr vkSj LFkkuh; laLÑfr;ksa] fy•k x;k gS tks fd yxHkx nsoukxjh fyfi
ysdj 1669 bZLoh rd) vorfjr gq, ftUgksaus osQ leku gS] phuh fyfi osQ ughaA Åa osnksa
oS".ko HkfDr dk vuFkd çlkj fd;kA Hkkjr
ewy vkLFkkvksa] tkrh; fofoèkrk] dk ewy rRo gS] mifu"knksa dk czãukn gS]
osQ vU; larksa dh rjg bUgksaus vfèkdka'k xw<+ tSo fofoèkrk vkSj bl fo'kky dbZ ea=kksa dk vkfn lw=k gS vkSj txr osQ
lR;ksa dks le>kus osQ fy, vketu dh Hkk"kk ,oa vn~Hkqr {ks=k dh vuwBh foaQrq vfLrRo dk vkèkkj gSA ;g tkuuk cgqr gh
dk ç;ksx fd;k vkSj uke?kj] dhrZu] ukVd i;kZoj.k vuqowQy fo'ks"krkvksa jkspd gS fd vkfn dFkkvksa osQ vuqlkj fo'o
tSlh vusd voèkkj.kkvksa osQ çpyu osQ lkFk osQ ifjis{; esa ns•uk gksxkA dh jpuk ôsQ;qe* 'kCn ls gqbZA laHkor%
Hkkxor vkfn dk vuqokn fd;kA ekèko nso] iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dk lkaLÑfrd ,oa nykbZ ykek (iÁ ef.k) gh lar iÁlaHko FksA
okelh xksiky nso] vfu#¼ nso] iq#"kksÙke mUgsa mikluk i¼fr;ksa dk tud ekuk tkrk
BkoqQj vkfn buosQ vuq;k;h FksA buesa ls
fodklewyd iqutkZxj.k gesa iqu% gS ftudk vkt Hkh yík• ls Ygklk rd
oqQN us FkksM+h&cgqr ckS¼ rkaf=kd i¼fr;ka nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k vkSj mÙkj iwoZ vuqlj.k gksrk gSA 640 bZLoh esa ;qojkt xksEik
Hkh viukbZA xksiky nso viuh ekrk osQ lkFk ,f'k;k dh çcy fouez 'kfDr us Åijh cekZ vkSj if'peh phu osQ fgLlksa
dkyhrk ls vdkekns'k (vle) vk, FksA cuk nsxkA rd viuk lkezkT; iSQyk fy;k FkkA mUgksaus
dkyhrk vdkek ns'k osQ iwoksZÙkj esa fLFkr Fkk phu dh ,d jktoqQekjh ls fookg fd;k
vkSj ogka vcksj (vkfn) rFkk fefj jgk djrs FksA MkW ddkrh us ftudk mudh usikyh iRuh dh rjg gh ckS¼ èkeZ dh rjiQ xgjk
bl fopkj dk leFkZu fd;k gS fd dkyhrk yksx vk;Z ;k {ks=kh; #>ku FkkA nksuksa us mUgsa ckS¼ èkeZ vaxhdkj djok fn;kA mUgksaus Hkkjr
ckS¼ vfèkoklh {kf=k; Fks vkSj iwoksZÙkj esa mudh oS".ko cLrh gqvk ls ckS¼ iqtkjh cqyok, vkSj mUgsa frCcrh Hkk"kk dks Hkkjrh; fyfi
djrh FkhA v#.kkpy çns'k osQ frji ftys esa uksfDr;ksa osQ eqf•;k esa fy•us yk;d cukus dks dgkA vkt rd frCcr Hkk"kk dh fyfi
•quckvks] ckyh l=k osQ jke vVk osQ vuq;k;h gks x,A os lar ogh gSA yxHkx lHkh nsoh&nsorkvksa osQ uke laLÑr esa gSa% eatwJh]
ujksÙke osQ uke ls fo[;kr gSaA HkfDr dh lc oqQN lek ysus okyh voyksfdr] otziky] otzlRo] vferk;q vkfnA nksjth uke dk vFkZ
ygjksa dh dFkk ckS¼ ygj osQ vè;k; osQ fcuk laiw.kZ ugha gksxhA gksrk gS otz ;k fctyh vkSj ogka ;g lcls vke uke gSA frCcr
v#.kkpy çns'k osQ cgqr cM+s fgLls esa ckS¼ vuq;k;h jgrs gSaA rokax esa oqQN L‍Fkkuksa ij dbZ xqiQkvksa esa dkyh dh çfrek ns•h xbZ gS
esa eksuik] 'ksjnqIosQu egk;ku ckS¼ ekxZ dks ekurs gSa rFkk fnckax ftls Ygkceks dgrs gSaA vfèkdka'k çkFkZuk èotksa ij flag ij vk#<+
ftys esa •kEifV] flxiQksghu;ku ckS¼ ekxZ osQ vuq;k;h gSaA ckS¼ksa dh nsoh O;k?kzs'ojh dh Nfo vafdr gksrh gS_ rk'kh ykek dh eqgj ij
djhch tutkfr;ka Hkh muls çHkkfor gqb±A ckS¼] 'kSo] 'kkDr vkSj ukFk êaxye* vafdr gSA frCcr esa rk'kh dk vFkZ eaxye gksrk gSA nsoh
raf=kdk dks ,d nwljs ls vyx ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ekU;rk gS fd eka dks rkjk ;k MksYek* dgk tkrk gSA
ehuukFk gh yqbZik gSa tks voyksfdrs'oj osQ lerqY; gSaA v#.kkpy iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr dk o`f¼ lapkyd
dh lHkh ckS¼ tutkfr;ksa esa çkFkZuk èot] Lrwi] çkFkZuk&pØ] iRFkj Hkkjr osQ iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa lkSj] ty vkSj iou ÅtkZ mRiknu
dh nhokjsa bR;kfn gSaA Åa ef.k iÁ ge% vFkkZr~ vkse og ef.k tks dh çpqj laHkkoukvksa osQ cy ij ns'k dh ÅtkZ jktèkkuh gksus dh

vikj lkeF;Z gS foaQrq vc rd mldk va'k çFke&ih<+h dks enn nsus osQ fy, fo'ks"k :i
ek=k Hkh nksgu 'kk;n gh gks ik;k gSA vius m|fe;ksa dh çFke&ih<+h dks ls iwoksZÙkj fodkl foÙk fuxe volj ;kstuk
LFkyksa osQ eueksgd lkSan;Z rFkk tho&tarqvksa enn nsus osQ fy, fo'ks"k :i (,uvks,l,lbZ) cukbZ xbZ gSA ,DV bZLV uhfr
vkSj ouLifr dh fofoèkrk osQ ckotwn ;s osQ rgr lM+osQa vkSj jktekxZ cukdj] gokbZ
{ks=k i;ZVu dk LoxZ ugha cu ik;k gSA foaQrq
ls iwoksZÙkj fodkl foÙk fuxe laidZ c<+kdj] jsy usVodZ dk foLrkj dj]
bu xqfRFk;ksa dks lqy>kus dk eqík oqQN uktqd volj ;kstuk (,uvks,l,lbZ) O;kikj ekxks± dks •ksydj rFkk lhek ikj
Hkh gSA gesa vkt fodkl cuke laLÑfr ugha cukbZ xbZ gSA ,DV bZLV uhfr osQ O;kikj osQ fy, <kapkxr lqfoèkk,a cukdj {ks=k
vfirq laLÑfr osQ ekè;e ls fodkl dh rgr lM+osQa vkSj jktekxZ cukdj] osQ lEiw.kZ fodkl ij t+ksj‍ fn;k x;kA
vko';drk gSA gokbZ laidZ c<+kdj] jsy usVodZ lewps iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ ukS 'kgjksa&
fodkl osQ eqís dks Hkkjrh; laLÑfr dk foLrkj dj] O;kikj ekxks± dks vxjryk] xqokgkVh] bEiQky] dksfgek] ukeph]
vkSj LFkkuh; laLÑfr;ksa] ewy vkLFkkvksa] xkaxrksd] iklh?kkV] bZVkuxj vkSj vkbt+ksy dks
tkrh; fofoèkrk] tSo fofoèkrk vkSj bl
•ksydj rFkk lhek ikj O;kikj ^LekVZ flVh* ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS vkSj igys
fo'kky ,oa vn~Hkqr {ks=k dh vuwBh foaQrq osQ fy, <kapkxr lqfoèkk,a cukdj pj.k esa 464 ifj;kstukvksa osQ fy, 14]124
i;kZoj.k vuqowQy fo'ks"krkvksa osQ ifjis{; esa {ks=k osQ lEiw.kZ fodkl ij t+ksj‍ djksM+ #i, dh jkf'k LohÑr dh xbZ gSA
ns•uk gksxkA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dk lkaLÑfrd ,oa fn;k x;kA {ks=k esa ;qokvksa osQ dkS'ky fodkl ç;klksa ij
fodklewyd iqutkZxj.k gesa iqu% nf{k.k&iwoZ fo'kq¼ :i ls cy fn;k x;k gS vkSj iwoksZÙkj
,f'k;k vkSj mÙkj iwoZ ,f'k;k dh çcy fouez 'kfDr cuk nsxkA {ks=k esa yxHkx 93 çf'k{k.k osQaæ vkSj 69 dkS'ky Hkkxhnkj dke dj
,sfrgkfld dky esa bl {ks=k dh ;gh igpku FkhA vkèkqfud rjhdksa jgs gSaA gky osQ ,d vè;;u osQ vuqlkj buesa 39 dkS'ky Hkkxhnkjksa
ls {ks=k dk fodkl djrs gq, Hkh le`¼ dyk] f'kYi vkSj laLÑfr vkSj 48 çf'k{k.k osQaæksa osQ lkFk vle lcls Åij gS] ef.kiqj esa ,d
osQ lkFk xgu ,oa lqn`<+ lacaèk j•uk vkSj yqIr gks pqdh igpku dkS'ky Hkkxhnkj vkSj ,d çf'k{k.k osQaæ gS] fet+ksje esa ,d dkS'ky
dks iqu% çkIr djuk iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr dh mÂfr dk ea=k gSaA Hkkjr osQ Hkkxhnkj vkSj Ng çf'k{k.k osQaæ gSa] es?kky; esa 8 dkS'ky Hkkxhnkj
çèkkuea=kh us gky gh esa ,d Hkk"k.k esa dgk Fkk] ¶iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr esa vkSj 10 çf'k{k.k osQaæ gSa] uxkySaM esa ikap dkS'ky Hkkxhnkj vkSj vkB
ns'k dk fodkl batu cuus dh {kerk gSA fnu&çfrfnu esjk ;g çf'k{k.k osQaæ gSa] f=kiqjk esa 12 dkS'ky Hkkxhnkj vkSj 16 çf'k{k.k osQaæ
fo'okl xgjk gksrk tk jgk gS D;ksa fd vc lewps {ks=k esa 'kkafr gSa rFkk flfDde esa rhu dkS'ky Hkkxhnkj vkSj pkj çf'k{k.k osQaæ gSaA
LFkkfir gks jgh gSA 'kkafr] çxfr vkSj •q'kgkyh dk ea=k iwoksZÙk‍j esa bl {ks=k] tula[;k vkSj laHkkoukvksa rFkk Hkkjr fojksèkh
xwat jgk gSA¸ mUgksaus dgk ¶ef.kiqj esa ukosQcanh vc bfrgkl dh foHkktudkjh rkdrksa dh rjiQ ls fLFkfr osQ nq#i;ksx dh vk'kadk]
ckr gks xbZ gS] vle us n'kdksa rd fgalk dk nkSj ns•k gSA f=kiqjk lc ckrksa dks ns•rs gq, ;g ç;kl ljkguh; rks gSa] ij vkus
vkSj fet+ksje esa Hkh ;qokvksa us fgalk dk jkLrk NksM+ fn;k gSA vc okys le; esa buosQ laoèkZu ,oa uoksUes"k dh t:jr gSA fodkl
czw&fjvkax 'kj.kkFkhZ csgrj ftanxh dk #• dj jgs gSaA¸ djrs le; i;kZoj.k ,oa lkaLÑfrd fojklr osQ laj{k.k osQ chp
yxHkx lHkh vkB iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa dh o`f¼ nj ngkbZ esa igqap lrdZrkiwoZd larqyu Hkh j•uk gksxkA rFkkdfFkr lH; Hkkjr osQ
xbZ gSA tSfod vkgkj ls ysdj uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ rdA vU; Hkkxksa rFkk fo'oHkj esa i;kZoj.k fouk'kd vkSj laLÑfr mUewyd
tykiwfrZ] fctyh vkSj dusfDVfoVh tSlh cqfu;knh <kapkxr vkèkqfudhdj.k ,oa fodkl dh tks Hkkjh Hkwysa gqbZ gSa] mUgsa iwoksZÙkj
ifj;kstukvksa osQ fy, uohure igy iwoksZÙkj fo'ks"k <kapkxr esa nksgjk;k ugha tkuk pkfg,A laLÑfr osQ tfj, fodkl gh iwoksZÙkj
fodkl ;kstuk (,ubZ,pvkbZMh,l) gS tks iwjh rjg ls osQaæ ljdkj osQ mUu;u dk ewy ea=k gS vkSj ;g vo'; gh gesa yqd bZLV vkSj
}kjk foÙkiksf"kr gSA vius fnO; uSlfxZd lkSan;Z] çkÑfrd n`';ksa vkSj ,DV bZLV ladYiksa esa liQyrk fnyk,xkA n
eueksgd LFkyksa rFkk vn~Hkqr isM+&ikSèkksa] tho&tarqvksa] iqjkrkfRod lanHkZ
LFkyksa] Lusfgy fuokfl;ksa] vkSj yqHkkous tyok;q osQ lkFk iwoksZÙkj esa 1- v'oRFk] MkW ujsaæ tks'kh] fo‍osQdkuan osQaæ çdk'ku
i;ZVu dh vn~Hkqr {kerk gSA blfy, bldk gky esa fo'ks"k laoèkZu 2- MsoysiesaV Fkzw dYp‍j] ,l- xq#ewfrZ] ohosQvkbZlh] xqokgkVh esa Hkk"k.k
3- ukWFkZbZLV bafM;k] bafM;kt+ xzsVsLVd ,lsV] lsojy FkzsV] MkW ujsaæ tks'kh]
fd;k x;k gS rFkk vc vkSj csgrj cqfu;knh <kaps osQ fy, lgk;rk ,iQvkbZ,u,l cqfyVsu
dh xbZ gSA vc çkFkfed vkSj ekè;fed f'k{kk rFkk LokLF; ij 4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northeast_India
Hkh vfèkd è;ku fn;k x;k gSA yxHkx 885 djksM+ #i;s ewY;‍ dh 5. https://in.boell.org/en/2019/03/19/youth-and-infrastructure-develop-
ment-northeast-india
djhc 22 ifj;kstuk,a gky gh esa bu lcosQ fy, fuèkkZfjr dh
6. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news
xb± gS vkSj vc rks budh la[;k vkSj Hkh c<+ xbZ gksxhA miæoh 7. https://idsa.in/idsacomments/EconomicPotentialofNortheastIn-
xfrfofèk;ka] ç;klksa esa deh vkSj nqxZe {ks=k osQ dkj.k yacs le; rd diaAnAssetorThreat_shivanandah_120511
vkS|ksfxdhdj.k u gksuk] bl {ks=k osQ fodkl esa cgqr cM+h ckèkk 8. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/insur-
gents-from-other-states-are-considering-arunachal-pradesh-as-a-safe-
jgs gSaA ysfdu vc ,ubZ,lvkbZMh fofuekZ.k vkSj lsok {ks=kksa esa cM+s haven-for-their-hideouts-governor/articleshow/71036802.cms?utm_
iSekus ij {ks=k esa vkS|ksfxdhdj.k dks c<+kok ns jgk gSA m|fe;ksa dh source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst

laoguh; fodkl
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa Ñf"k

MkW ,e izsethr flag
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa vusd vuwBh vkSj cstksM+ fof'k"Vrk,a gSaA mitkÅ tehu] izpqj ty lalkèku] lnkcgkj ?kus
taxy] mPp vkSj fo'oluh; o"kkZ] o`gr tSo fofoèkrk rFkk lkekftd&vkfFkZd] jktuhfrd] tkrh; vkSj
lkaLÑfrd fofoèkrkvksa dk esy bu fof'k"Vrkvksa esa 'kkfey gSA bl {ks=k dh le'khrks".k tyok;q Ñf"k ds
fy;s vuqdwy gSA fygktk] iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ds fuokfl;ksa dk eq[; is'kk Hkh [ksrh gh gSA
iw oksZÙkj {ks=k esa dqy 8 jkT;

gSa & v#.kkpy izns'k] vle]
ef.kiqj] es?kky;] fet+ksje]
izfr'kr fgLlk xkaoksa esa jgrk gSA vle
dks NksM+ nsa rks {ks=k esa cM+s m|ksxksa dk
?kksj vHkko gSA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ds fuoklh
dh otg ls lewph tksr dk Ñf"k ds fy;s
bLrseky ugha fd;k tk ldrkA Hkwfe ds
bLrseky dk rkSj&rjhdk vis{kkÑr =kqfViw.kZ
uxkySaM] f=kiqjk vkSj flfDdeA bl {ks=k vkthfodk ds fy;s eq[; :i ls Ñf"k vkSj gSA bl otg ls Åijh feV~Vh dk lkykuk
dk dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks=kiQy 262230 oxZ blls tqM+s m|eksa ij fuHkZj djrs gSaA ns'k {k; 16 Vu izfr gsDVs;j ds vf[ky Hkkjrh;
fdyksehVj gSA ;g lewps ns'k ds HkkSxksfyd ds bl Hkkx ds dqy {ks=kiQy dk rdjhcu vkSlr ls dkiQh T;knk 46 Vu izfr gsDVs;j
{ks=kiQy dk yxHkx 9-12 izfr'kr gSA iwoksZÙkj 56 izfr'kr fgLlk de] 33 izfr'kr eè;e gSA blh rjg ty lap; ds leqfpr mik;ksa
{ks=k dh dqy vkcknh 4-6 djksM+ ls T;knk vkSj ckdh mPp ÅapkbZ dk gSA Ñf"k mit ds vHkko esa 42-5 ,e,p,e ikuh esa ls
gSA {ks=k dk yxHkx 35 izfr'kr Hkkx eSnkuh iz.kkyh eq[;r% lhMhvkj fdLe dh gSA ;g fliQZ 0-88 ,e,p,e dk bLrseky gks ikrk
gSA vycÙkk] vle esa dqy HkkSxksfyd iz.kkyh vke rkSj ij ,d iQlyh gksrh gSA gSA dqy flafpr {ks=k dk dksbZ fo'oluh;
{ks=kiQy dk 84-44 izfr'kr fgLlk eSnkuh blesa iQly rhozrk de (114 izfr'kr) vkdyu ekStwn ugha gSA fofHkUu lzksrksa ls
gSA 'kq¼ cqokbZ {ks=k ds fygkt ls vle vkSj mit fliQZ thou fuokZg ds yk;d ,d=k tkudkfj;ksa ls yxHkx 20-74 izfr'kr
(34-12 izfr'kr) igys vkSj f=kiqjk (23-48 gksrh gSA {ks=k esa tksrksa dk vkdkj 1-15 {ks=k ds flafpr gksus dk ladsr feyrk gSA
izfr'kr) nwljs LFkku ij gSA {ks=k esa lcls gsDVs;j ds jk"Vªh; vkSlr dh rqyuk esa {ks=k esa moZjd dk mi;ksx Hkh cgqr gh
de 'kq¼ cqokbZ {ks=k v#.kkpy izns'k esa 1-69 gsDVs;j gSA tksrksa dk vkdkj cM+k Hkys de] yxHkx 11 fdyksxzke izfr gsDVs;j gSA
gSA iQly rhozrk ij xkSj djsa rks f=kiqjk gh yxrk gks exj HkkSxksfyd vlqfoèkkvksa v#.kkpy izns'k esa ;g lcls de (2-7
(156-5 izfr'kr) igys] ef.kiqj (152-1
izfr'kr) nwljs] fet+ksje (136-36 izfr'kr)
rhljs vkSj vle (123-59 izfr'kr) pkSFks
LFkku ij gSA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ds yxHkx 16
yk[k gsDVs;j HkwHkkx ij >we [ksrh gksrh
gSA iwoksZÙkj dk 'kq¼ cqokbZ {ks=k 40 yk[k
gsDVs;j gSA blesa ls 13 yk[k gsDVs;j HkwHkkx
Hkw{kj.k dh xaHkhj leL;k ls tw> jgk gSA
bl {ks=k esa lkykuk 2000 feyhehVj o"kkZ
gksrh gS tks ns'k esa dqy ckfj'k dk rdjhcu
10 izfr'kr gSA {ks=k dh feV~Vh vEyh; ;k
vR;ar vEyh; gksus ds ckotwn dkcZfud
rRoksa ls Hkjiwj gSA
{ks=k dh vkcknh dk yxHkx 80
ys[kd dsUnzh; Ñf"k fo'ofo|ky;] baiQky (ef.kiqj) ds iwoZ dqyifr gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

fdyksxzke izfr gsDVs;j) vkSj ef.kiqj esa dh viuh j.kuhfr dks u;h fn'kk nsaA etcwr dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks=kiQy dk fliQZ 2 izfr'kr
lokZfèkd (72 fdyksxzke izfr gsDVs;j) gSA jkT; gh l'kDr {ks=k dk fuekZ.k djrs gSaA fgLlk 'kq¼ cqokbZ dk {ks=k gSA fet+ksje
Ñf"k eq[; :i ls èkku ij vkèkkfjr gSA fygktk] O;kid fodkl y{;ksa dks gkfly vkSj ef.kiqj esa ;g 10 izfr'kr ls de
flfDde bldk viokn gS tgka eq[; iQly djus ds fy;s ;g dke t:jh gSA nqHkkZX; rFkk uxkySaM vkSj es?kky; esa 13 izfr'kr
eDdk gSA T;knkrj fdlku pkgrs gSa fd os ls iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ds T;knkrj jkT; vkfFkZd gSA iwoksZÙkj ds dqy Ñf"k ;ksX; {ks=k dk
vius ifjokjksa dh [kk|kUu vkSj iks"k.k dh ckè;rkvksa vkSj volajpukRed lhekvksa dh 78 izfr'kr Hkkx vdsys vle esa gSA dqy
t:jrksa dks fcuk ckgjh lzksr ij fuHkZj gq, otg ls fiNM+ tkrs gSaA iQly {ks=k esa ls vkSlru 74 izfr'kr esa
[kqn iwjk dj ldsaA blfy;s os fefJr Ñf"k gky ds o"kks± esa dsUnz vkSj jkT; vuktksa dh [ksrh gksrh gSA
iz.kkyh dks viukrs gSa ftlesa ckxokuh vkSj ljdkjksa us {ks=kh; vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj Ñf"k ysfdu èkku vkèkkfjr ekStwnk mit
Hkkstu esa ekalkgkj dh izeq[krk dh otg ls fodkl dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s dbZ dne iz.kkyh ifjokjksa ds fy;s i;kZIr vkenuh
i'kqikyu Hkh 'kkfey gSA {ks=k esa yxHkx 85 mBk;s gSaA igys ls gh fcxM+h gqbZ xzkeh.k eqgS;k djkus esa ukdke jgh gSA dqy feyk
yk[k Vu dh vko';drk dh rqyuk esa dqy vkthfodk ds eq[; dkj.k de mRikndrk dj ns[ksa rks iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa Ñf"k dk pfj=k
82 yk[k Vu [kk|kUu dh mit gksrh gSA vkSj Ñf"k mit dk tksf[ke Hkjk ifjos'k gSaA dqN bl izdkj gS &
bl rjg [kk|kUu mit t:jr dh rqyuk nqHkkZX; ls iQyksa vkSj lfCt;ksa] iQwyksa vkSj 1- iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k vR;ar fofoèkrkiw.kZ gSA
esa 3 yk[k Vu de gSA i'kqikyu dh vksj tM+h&cwfV;ksa] elkyksa rFkk pk;] dkWiQh vkSj vlery tehu] mPp vkSj ifjorZu'khy
okafNr #>ku ds ckotwn nwèk dh 31-39 jcj tSlh ckxokuh dh iQlyksa ds fy;s o"kkZ rFkk fofHkUu tkrh;rk,a bldh
yhVj] ekal dh 9-36 fdyksxzke] vaMs dh O;kid laHkkoukvksa ds ckotwn {ks=k esa ;g fofoèkrk dks c<+krh gSAa
33-50 vkSj eNyh dh 4-12 fdyksxzke izfr fLFkfr gSA bu mRiknksa esa ls T;knkrj dk 2- Ñf"k ij èkku dk opZLo gSA ysfdu
O;fDr lkykuk miyCèkrk gh gSA iwoksZÙkj izlaLdj.k dj ns'k ds ckdh fgLlksa vkSj bldh mRikndrk de vkSj mit
{ks=k ds fuokfl;ksa dh vkthfodk dk eq[; fons'k esa budk ykHkdkjh <ax ls O;kikj vfuf'pr gSA
lzksr Ñf"k vkSj blls lacafèkr xfrfofèk;ka fd;k tk ldrk gSA 3- Hkw&HkkSfrd lhekvksa dh otg ls [ksrh
gSaA fygktk] xjhch ?kVkus vkSj {ks=k esa izxfr dqy [ksrh ;ksX; {ks=k dk NksVk vkdkj dh tehu dk foLrkj eqf'dy gSA {ks=k
ykus dh dksbZ Hkh dksf'k'k Ñf"k fodkl Ñf"k mRiknu ds rkSj&rjhdksa ds {kSfrt ds 7 esa ls 5 jkT;ksa esa dqy HkkSxksfyd
dh lqfu;ksftr vkSj i;kZoj.k ds vuqdwy foLrkj dks jksdrk gSA v#.kkpy izns'k esa {ks=k esa ls [ksrh dh tehu dk fgLlk
{ks=kh; ;kstuk ij vkèkkfjr gksuh pkfg;sA yxHkx 10 izfr'kr gSA
blds lkFk gh {ks=k ds izkÑfrd lalkèkuksa 4- {ks=k esa [ksrh&i'kqikyu&eNyh ikyu&
ds U;k;laxr mi;ksx vkSj laj{k.k ij Hkh T;knkrj fdlku pkgrs gSa fd js'ke ikyu ds fofHkUu la;kstuksa
è;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA mRiknu esa o`f¼] os vius ifjokjksa dh [kk|kUu dks viuk;s tkus ds ckotwn bl
mRiknksa ds ewY; lao¼Zu vkSj foØ; izcaèku vkSj iks"k.k dh t:jrksa dks fcuk fofoèkhdj.k dk ;ksxnku ux.; gSA
dh uhfr;ksa dks blds vuq:i cuk;k tkuk ckgjh lzksr ij fuHkZj gq, [kqn 5- NksVs vkSj lhekar fdlkuksa dh izèkkurk
lcls T;knk egRoiw.kZ gSA iwjk dj ldsaA blfy;s os fefJr bl {ks=k dh ,d egRoiw.kZ fof'k"Vrk
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dk dk;kdYi gSA Hkkjr esa dqy Ñ"kdksa esa NksVs
Ñf"k iz.kkyh dks viukrs gSa
vkfFkZd lqèkkj dh ekStwnk izfØ;k us vkSj lhekar fdlkuksa dk fgLlk 59
vusd voljksa ds lkFk gh pqukSfr;ka Hkh is'k ftlesa ckxokuh vkSj Hkkstu esa izfr'kr gSA ysfdu iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa
dh gSaA viz;qDr {kerk ds ykHk ds nksgu ekalkgkj dh izeq[krk dh otg ls ;g v#.kkpy izns'k esa 65 izfr'kr
ds fy;s t:jh gS fd iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ds jkT; i'kqikyu Hkh 'kkfey gSA ls ysdj ef.kiqj vkSj uxkySaM esa 84
lexz o`gr vkfFkZd <kaps ds vanj fodkl izfr'kr rd gSA
dh x;h gSA o"kZ 2012 dh 19oha eos'kh
x.kuk ds vuqlkj iwoksZÙkj esa 132-90 yk[k
i'kq gSaA {ks=k esa lokZfèkd 77-56 izfr'kr
eos'kh lcls cM+s jkT; vle esa gSaA mlds
ckn f=kiqjk (7-14 izfr'kr) vkSj es?kky;
(6-74 izfr'kr) dk LFkku gSA eosf'k;ksa
esa lcls T;knk la[;k LFkkuh; xk;ksa dh
gSA ladj xk;ksa dh la[;k 21 izfr'kr ds
jk"Vªh; vkSlr ls cgqr de fliQZ 7 izfr'kr
gSA flfDde (90 izfr'kr)] fet+ksje (33
6- Ñf"k ij iw.kZ fuHkZjrk ds dkj.k {ks=k 8- ½.k] foÙk vkSj iQly chek dh izfr'kr) vkSj uxkySaM (55 izfr'kr) esa
esa xzkeh.k tuthou ck<+] tyIykou lqfoèkk,a iznku dh tk;saA ladj eosf'k;ksa dk vuqikr jk"Vªh; vkSlr
vkSj lw[ks tSlh izkÑfrd vkinkvksa ls 9- foi.ku lqfoèkkvksa vkSj HkaMkj.k dh xzkeh.k ls Hkh T;knk gSA
izHkkfor gksrk gSA blls xkaoksa esa thou volajpuk dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk;sA iwoksZÙkj esa 1999&2000 vkSj
Lrj esa fxjkoV vkus ds vykok xjhch 10- Ñf"k dk e'khuhdj.k fd;k tk;sA 2012&2013 ds chp ekU;rkizkIr {ks=k esa
dk izlkj gqvk gSA iwoksZÙkj esa ckxokuh vkSj i'kqikyu {ks=k ekal mRiknu esa 38 izfr'kr dh o`f¼ ntZ
èkku vkSj [kk|kUu dh mit esa {ks=k esa gky ds cjlksa esa dhoh] Ñ".kk dh x;hA ;g o`f¼ 29 izfr'kr ds jk"Vªh;
vkRefuHkZjrk ds fy;s j.kuhfr;ka iQy (iS'ku izwQV)] xSj&ekSleh lfCt;ksa] Lrj ls vfèkd gSA v#.kkpy izns'k dks
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa [kk|kUu vkSj [kkl rkSj ,aFkwfj;e] xqykc] lqxaèkjk (iSpkSyh) vkSj NksM+ {ks=k ds lHkh jkT;ksa esa ekal mRiknu
ls pkoy dh deh fiNys o"kks± esa vkcknh tsjsfu;e dh laxfBr <ax ls ckxokuh 'kq: esa o`f¼ gqbZ gSA uxkySaM vkSj es?kky; esa
esa o`f¼ ds lkFk gh c<+rh tk jgh gSA dh x;h gSA [kk|kUuksa dh [ksrh ?kkfV;ksa ds laHkor% eosf'k;ksa ds cM+s vkèkkj vkSj
èkku dh mit esa deh dk ,d izeq[k lery vkSj de <yku okys bykdksa esa dh ekalkgkjh Hkkstu dh yksdfiz;rk ds dkj.k
dkj.k Ñf"k ds de mRiknu okys LFkkuh; tkrh gSA nwljh vksj ckxokuh iQlyksa dks ekal mRiknu esa c<+ksrjh dkiQh jgh gSA
rkSj&rjhdksa dk bLrseky gSA bl fLFkfr ds Åaph ioZrh; <ykuksa esa mitk;k tkrk gSA {ks=k esa nwèk dk mRiknu 1999&2000
fy;s ftEesnkj vU; otgksa esa cht vkSj ,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj {ks=k esa iQyksa dh esa 1021 gtkj Vu Fkk tks 17 izfr'kr c<+
uLy dh vnyk&cnyh dh U;wu nj] flapkbZ 11-20 izfr'kr vkSj lfCt;ksa dh 14-81 dj 2012&2013 esa 1236 gtkj Vu gks
dh vi;kZIr lqfoèkk,a] iqjkuh rduhdksa dk izfr'kr lkykuk pØo`f¼ fodkl nj ntZ x;kA ysfdu bl nkSjku jk"Vªh; Lrj ij
bLrseky] moZjd mi;ksx dh de dq'kyrk nwèk mRiknu esa 41 izfr'kr dh o`f¼ ntZ
vkSj vkèkqfud rkSj&rjhdksa dks viuk;s tkus dh x;hA v#.kkpy izns'k vkSj fet+ksje
vkfFkZd lqèkkj dh ekStwnk
dk vHkko 'kkfey gSaA dks NksM+ {ks=k ds lHkh jkT;ksa esa bl dky
uhps of.kZr j.kuhfr;ksa ls {ks=k esa pkoy izfØ;k us vusd voljksa ds esa nwèk mRiknu esa btkiQk gqvkA fnypLi
mRiknu esa btkiQk fd;k tk ldrk gS & lkFk gh pqukSfr;ka Hkh is'k dh gSaA ckr ;g gS fd {ks=k esa eosf'k;ksa dh lcls
1- cht vnyk&cnyh dh nj dks c<+k;k viz;qDr {kerk ds ykHk ds nksgu cM+h vkcknh okys vle esa nwèk mRiknu
tk;sA ds fy;s t:jh gS fd iwoksZÙkj esa o`f¼ dh nj èkheh jghA bldh otg
2- uLyksa dh vnyk&cnyh dh nj esa {ks=k ds jkT; lexz o`gr vkfFkZd 'kk;n ;g gks fd jkT; esa eosf'k;ksa dh dqy
o`f¼ dh tk;sA <kaps ds vanj fodkl dh viuh vkcknh dk T;knkrj fgLlk Lons'kh uLyksa
3- flapkbZ lqfuf'pr dj iQly rhozrk esa j.kuhfr dks u;h fn'kk nsaA etcwr dk gSA o"kZ 2012&13 esa iwoksZÙkj esa nwèk
btkiQk fd;k tk;sA jkT; gh l'kDr {ks=k dk fuekZ.k dk dqy mRiknu ns'k esa mRiknu dk egt
4- izHkkoh flapkbZ lqfoèkkvksa dk foLrkj 0-93 izfr'kr jgkA {ks=k esa gjsd O;fDr
djrs gSaA fygktk] O;kid fodkl
fd;k tk;sA ds fy;s nwèk dh miyCèkrk izfr fnu 86
5- ,lvkjvkbZ] vkbZlh,e vkSj iafDrc¼ y{;ksa dks gkfly djus ds fy;s xzke gSA ;g 299 xzke izfr fnu ds jk"Vªh;
jksi.k tSlh T;knk l?ku cqokbZ izFkkvksa ;g dke t:jh gSA nqHkkZX; vkSlr dk fliQZ 29 izfr'kr gSA xkSjryc
dks viuk;k tk;sA ls iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ds T;knkrj gS fd Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk vuqlaèkku ifj"kn
6- e`nk iks"kdksa ds rdZlaxr bLrseky ls jkT; vkfFkZd ckè;rkvksa vkSj (vkbZlh,evkj) us izfr O;fDr jkst+kuk 220
feV~Vh dk LokLF; cjdjkj j[kk tk;sA volajpukRed lhekvksa dh otg xzke nwèk ds miHkksx dh fliQkfj'k dh
7- foLrkj dh iz.kkyh ij fiQj ls fopkj ls fiNM+ tkrs gSaA gSA {ks=k esa bl nkSjku izfr O;fDr nwèk dh
fd;k tk;sA miyCèkrk esa fxjkoV vk;h tcfd jk"Vªh;
vkSlr esa 27 izfr'kr dk lqèkkj gqvk gSA mRiknksa ds cktkj dh laHkkouk dh
v#.kkpy izns'k] ef.kiqj vkSj es?kky; esa iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k esa [kk|kUu vkSj [kkl ryk'k djus dh vko';drk gSA
izfr O;fDr nwèk dh miyCèkrk de gqbZ 3- iwoksZÙkj esa Ñf"k izlaLdj.k {ks=k dh
rkSj ls pkoy dh deh fiNys
exj {ks=k ds ckdh jkT;ksa esa blesa btkiQk vc rd ?kksj mis{kk dh x;h gSA
gqvkA iwoksZÙkj esa ladj uLy ds eosf'k;ksa dk o"kks± esa vkcknh esa o`f¼ ds lkFk blesa ewY; lao¼Zu vkSj dVkbZ ds ckn
vkSlr nwèk mRiknu izfrfnu 6-26 yhVj gSA gh c<+rh tk jgh gSA èkku dh uqdlku ?kVkus dh O;kid laHkkouk,a
;g 7-02 yhVj izfr fnu ds jk"Vªh; vkSlr mit esa deh dk ,d ize[q k gSaA Ñf"k izlaLdj.k vkSj iSdsftax esa
ls cgqr de gSA ns'k ds ckdh fgLlksa dh dkj.k Ñf"k ds de mRiknu okys u;h igydnfe;ksa dks c<+kok nsus ds
rqyuk esa iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh HkSalsa cgqr de LFkkuh; rkSj&rjhdksa dk bLrseky lkFk gh foi.ku ds u;s voljksa dh
nwèk nsrh gSaA ryk'k dh tkuh pkfg;sA bl lacaèk
gSA bl fLFkfr ds fy;s ftEesnkj
uhfr ifjn`'; esa iM+kslh ns'kksa ds lkFk lhek ds
izpqj izkÑfrd lalkèkuksa] vuqdwy vU; otgksa esa cht vkSj uLy dh vkj&ikj O;kikj dh vPNh laHkkoukvksa
ekSle vkSj laiUu ekuo iwath ds ckotwn vnyk&cnyh dh U;wu nj] flapkbZ dk mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k lkekftd dY;k.k ds fo'kky dh vi;kZIr lqfoèkk,a] iqjkuh 4- xzkeh.k laLFkkuksa dks etcwr vkSj
voljksa dk iQk;nk mBk ikus esa ukdke rduhdksa dk bLrseky] moZjd laosnu'khy cukus ds fy;s uokpkj
jgk gSA blds ifj.kkeLo:i Ñf"k vkèkkfjr mi;ksx dh de dq'kyrk vkSj ij tksj fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA Kku dh
vFkZO;oLFkk,a de mRikndrk] csjkst+xkjh] O;kid igydnfe;ksa ds tfj;s {kerk
vkèkqfud rkSj&rjhdksa dks viuk;s
U;wu vk; vkSj xjhch ds pØO;wg esa fuekZ.k] vuqcaèk [ksrh rFkk {ks=kh;
iQalrh tk jgh gSaA blls lkekftd ladV tkus dk vHkko 'kkfey gSAa izcaèku lfefr;ksa vkSj xzke iapk;rksa ;k
dh vk'kadk c<+ x;h gSA bl cgqvk;keh ifj"knksa dks iquthZfor ;k etcwr djuk
ladV ls fuiVus ds fy;s varj&fo"k;d fdiQk;rh vkSj lalkèkuksa dh cpr okys egRoiw.kZ gSA ;s laLFkk,a ewY;oku
vuqlaèkku leqnk;] uhfr fuekZrkvksa] mik;ksa ds lkFk dkyk tksgk] ipkSyh lkekftd iwath gSa rFkk buesa Kku ds
fØ;kUo;udrkZvksa] vkSj ukxfjd lekt ds vkSj iS'ku izwQV tSlh mPp ewY; okyh izlkj dk okgd cuus vkSj xzkeh.k
chp rkyesy dh t:jr gSA {ks=k esa fodkl iQlyksa rFkk lqxaèk vkSj fpfdRlh; usr`Ro esa lqèkkj djus dh {kerk gSA ;g
dh izfØ;k dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s leqfpr mi;ksx okys ikSèkksa dks mitk;k tk blfy;s Hkh izklafxd gS fd ukckMZ]
uhfr vkSj fuos'k dh vko';drk eglwl ldrk gSA ftu {ks=kksa esa tksrksa ds NksVs usMiQh] flMch vkSj vkbZMhchvkbZ
dh tk jgh gSA vkdkj ds dkj.k iQly dh mit tSls foÙkh; laLFkku ½.k dh izHkkoh
1- iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ,d iwjh rjg ls o"kkZ lhfer gksus ds ckotwn lacafèkr fMyhojh ds fy;s leqnk; vkèkkfjr
vkèkkfjr mRiknu iz.kkyh dk izrhd xfrfofèk;ksa ds fy;s dkiQh xqatkb'k laLFkkvksa ds jsgu dk bLrseky dj
gSA ;g iz.kkyh {ks=kh; vFkZO;oLFkk ij gS muesa ^Ñf"k Iyl* dh j.kuhfr dh ldrs gSaA
cqjk izHkko Mkyrh gSA {ks=k esa cM+s t:jr gksxhA Ñf"k Iyl dk eryc 5- NksVs vkSj lhekar fdlkuksa ds fy;s
iSekus ij fofoèkrkvksa dks ns[krs gq, [ksrh ds lkFk gh i'kqikyu] ckxokuh] ennxkj u;h Ñf"k izkS|ksfxdh cukus
Ñf"k vkSj blls lacafèkr m|eksa ds iQwyksa vkSj fpfdRldh; ikSèkksa dh ds fy;s yxkrkj vuqlaèkku vkSj
fodkl ds fy;s vyx&vyx rjg dh mit rFkk js'ke ikyu dks viukuk fodkl dh iz.kkyh gksuh pkfg;sA
j.kuhfr;ka viuk;s tkus dh t:jr gSA gSA ioZrh; bykds mPp ewY; okyh {ks=k esa Ñf"k ls lacafèkr vuqlaèkku
dbZ jkT;ksa esa Hkw&HkkSfrd lhekvksa ds ckxokuh iQlyksa ds lkFk gh i'kqikyu vkSj fodkl esa fuos'k ij è;ku ugha
dkj.k tksrksa dk foLrkj eqf'dy gksrk vkSj js'ke ikyu dks viuk;s tkus ds fn;k x;k gS ftls vc c<+kok fn;s
gSA bl rjg ds jkT;ksa esa Ñf"k iz.kkyh vuqdwy gSaA bu {ks=kksa esa >we [ksrh ,d tkus dh t:jr gSA
dk mèoZ foLrkj mi;ksxh gksxkA pkoy vjls ls dh tk jgh gSA blesa èkku 6- {ks=k dh Ñf"k vFkZO;oLFkk ds izHkkoh
ds izHkqRo okys bykdksa esa mUur ^jkbl vkSj vU; iQlyksa] vkWfdZM tSls iQwyksa uhfrxr fo'ys"k.k ds fy;s vkadM+ksa
Iyl* j.kuhfr viukuk csgrj gksxkA rFkk eosf'k;ksa dh mRikndrk c<+kus ds dk vHkko ,d xaHkhj leL;k gSA
ck<+ izHkkfor {ks=kksa esa cksjks èkku dh fy;s uokpkjh j.kuhfr dh t:jr gSA blfy;s Ñf"k ls lacafèkr vkadM+ksa
iQly dh vPNh laHkkouk gks ldrh 2- ekStwnk de [kpZ okyh [ksrh dks dks bysDVªkWfud Økafr dh enn ls
gSA ysfdu blds fy;s ,slh mRiknu utjankt ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA izkFkfedrk ds vkèkkj ij O;ofLFkr
iz.kkyh dh njdkj gksxh tks ck<+ ls ;g i;kZoj.k dh n`f"V ls vPNh gS fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA bl flyflys
izHkkfor ugha gksA c<+rh Lons'kh vkSj blfy;s bls volj esa rCnhy fd;k esa bZ&'kklu dk cqfu;knh vkStkj
varjkZ"Vªh; ekaxksa dks iwjk djus ds fy;s tkuk pkfg;sA bl lacaèk esa vkWxsZfud vko';d gSA n

uhfr
nh?kkZofèk 'kkafr vkSj fodkl

e`.kky rkyqdnkj
t c uxkySaM osQ f'k{kk çkS|ksfxdh LVkVZ&vi & NagaEd (ukxk,M) dks eqEcbZ osQ
lks'ky bEisDV buD;wcsVj vyfllkj bEisDV esa vk;ksftr buD;wcs'ku dk;ZØe
esa 'kkfey gksus osQ fy, vkeaf=kr fd;k x;k rks uxkySaM osQ ,d v•ckj esa
çeq•rk ls •cj Nih FkhA nhekiqj fLFkr ukxk,M osQ laLFkkidksa % osQfolkrks lkU;qr vkSj
f'kjksb fyfy'kst+k us crk;k fd dksfoM&19 egkekjh osQ nkSjku vius ifjokj osQ lnL;ksa dks
lh•us&i<+us osQ vPNh fdLe osQ rjhdksa osQ fy, tw>rs ns•k rks mUgksaus ukxk,M cukus dh
Bku yhA
dksfoM laØe.k osQ dkj.k LowQy can gks tkus osQ nkSj esa osQfolkrks lkU;q vkSj f'kjksb 'kStk
us fMftVy f'k{k.k vuqHko osQ bPNqd fo|kfFkZ;ks]a vè;kidksa vkSj laLFkkuksa dks lh•us vkSj
i<+kus dh ;g ç.kkyh miyCèk djkbZA
ukxk,M ls ôkaMj uxkySMa * rd dh ;k=kk 4 uoEcj] 2019 dks 'kq: dh xbZ FkhA ôkaMj
uxkySMa * ;k=kk osQ ckjs esa jkT; dk igyk lks'ky m|e gS tks i;ZVu osQ ekè;e ls uxkySMa
fiNys n'kd esa osQ vke yksxksa dks jkstx+ kj dk volj miyCèk djkus osQ ç;kl esa yxk gSA
lewps iwoksZÙkj {ks=k okaMj uxkySMa osQ laLFkkidksa osQ vuqlkj î;ZVu m|ksx* mHkj jgk gS vkSj vHkh u;k gSA
gesa irk ugha gS fd vius ewY;ksa dks oSQls çnf'kZr djsa vkSj vHkh rd ge i;ZVdksa dks ;g Hkh
esa yEcs le; rd
'kkafr jgh ftlls
u, fopkj lkeus
vk, vkSj fuos'k lkekftd ,oa
Hkh gqvkA vc ;g volajpuk
pqukSrh lkeus vk jgh fodkl dks"k
gS fd jk‘ªh; uhfr;ka (,lvkbZMh,iQ)
cukus dh çfØ;k esa
jkT;ksas dh Hkkxhnkjh
lqfuf'pr dh tk, iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa volajpuk fodkl ds
vkSj fodkl osQ fy, 586-20 djksM+ #i;s ds dks"k
çeq• {ks=kksa esa mUgsa (,lvkbZMh,iQ) dk l`tu
çHkkoh <ax ls ykxw fo'ks"k dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk dj jgs
djus osQ u, rjhosQ v#.kkpy izns'k o vU; lhek {ks=k ds
ykHk gsrq dks"k dk izko/ku
•ksts tk,aA
,lvkbZMh,iQ ifj;kstuk esa 37
ifj;kstukvksa dks eatwjh
ys•d vle ds ofj’ i=kdkj gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

vle
ugha le>k ik, gSa fd gekjs ikl mUgsa nsus ;k is'k djus ;kuh vkWiQj ,sls vusd mnkgj.k gSa vkSj iwoksÙZ kj esa cnyko vkrk tk jgk gS
djus osQ okLrs D;k oqQN gS\ D;ksfa d ubZ ih<+h vuNq, {ks=kksa esa tkdj pqukSfr;ksa osQ chp u, volj
vkil esa iwjs fo'okl ls py jgs ;s nksuksa f'kf{kr ;qok m|eh •kst jgh gSA
v#.kkpy çns'k dh fef'kfe fgYl ls fet+ks fgYl rFkk vle dh nks fiNys nl o"kks± osQ nkSjku fons'kksa esa mPp f'k{kk çkIr djus osQ
?kkfV;ksa rd bEiQky ?kkVh vkSj •qys foLr`r eSnkuh {ks=k lfgr vle ckn uxk ;qok vius ewy jkT; esa gh ykSVdj ubZ laHkkouk,a ryk'kus
dk iwjk ySMa LosQi gh cnyus esa yxs gSAa dh pkgr j•rk gSA
ijEijkxr m|eksa dh lhekvksa dk foLrkj djosQ ;s yksx ,slh fNViqV ?kVuk,a gksrh gS]a uxk leL;k osQ lekèkku dh çxfr èkheh
nqfu;k dh dYiuk esa yxs gSa ftlosQ ckjs esa nl lky igys dksbZ lksp gS ysfdu 'kkafr vc Hkax ugha gks ldrh D;ksfa d bl {ks=k osQ lHkh yksx
Hkh ugha ldrk FkkA bldk eq[; vkèkkj gS bl {ks=k esa yEcss le; ls lPps eu ls vkSj iDosQ rkSj ij pkgrs gSa fd ogka 'kkafr cuh jgsA rHkh
'kkafr dk;e jgukA rks dV~Vj ls dV~Vj mxzoknh Hkh vc 'kkafr pkgus yxs gSAa
vle osQ oSVa t s ldZy dh gh ckr ysAa 2010 esa LVkVZ&vi vc ubZ pqukSrh ;g gS fd jk‘ªh; uhfr;ka cukus esa jkT;ksa dh
fopkjksa ij ppkZ osQ nkSjku nks fe=k vatu ikBd vkSj ikFkkZ U;kx Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf'pr dh tk, vkSj çeq• fodkl {ks=kksa esa bu ;kstukvksa
deZpkfj;ksa dks Hkkxhnkj cukus dk dk;ZØe pykus dh voèkkj.kk rd dks çHkkoh <ax ls ykxw djus osQ u, rjhosQ •ksts tk,aA
igqp a x,A chrh ckrsa Hkqyk nsa µ çèkkuea=kh us {ks=k osQ lok±xh.k fodkl
ikFkkZ dks fofHkÂ Vsd dEifu;ksa esa dke djus dk nl lky dk dh n`f‘ ls lgdkj vkSj LièkkZ ij vkèkkfjr la?kokn dh LFkkiuk dh
vuqHko FkkA mlus oaQifu;ksa dh cM+s •pZ djus dh ço`fÙk ls vU; vko'‍;drk ij cy fn;k gS vkSj ^lHkh osQ fy, ,d lekèkku* dk
czkMa ksa ij iM+us okys çHkko dks ns•k&le>kA fiQj bu nksuksa us 2011 n`f‘dks.k NksMd + j fofHkÂ jkT;ksa dh fofoèk ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj LFkkuh;
esa 30 yk• #i;s dh ewy iwt s lfdZy 'kq: djus dk vko';drkvksa osQ vuq:i vyx&vyx lekèkku viukus dks dgk gSA
a h ls oSVa t
iSQlyk fd;kA bldh 'kq#vkr deZpkfj;ksa osQ lgdkjh la?kokn dh èkkj.kk osQ ihNs ewy
fy, ^Mhy vkSj fMLdkmaV* dk;ZØe osQ rkSj vkil esa iwjs fo'okl ls py lksp ljdkj osQ rhu Lrjksa osQ chp vfèkdkjksa
ij dh xbZ FkhA jgs ;s nksuksa f'kf{kr ;qok m|eh vkSj nkf;Roksa dk foHkktu djuk gS rkfd
vkt oSVa ts lfdZy deZpkfj;ksa dks ykHk
v#.kkpy çns'k dh fef'kfe ;kstuk fuekZ.k lcdh Hkkxhnkjh cuh jgsA blh
igqp a kus vkSj mUgsa 'kkfey djus dk DykmM Øe esa vuqPNsn 263 osQ varxZr xfBr ifj"kn
vkèkkfjr O;kid IysViQkeZ gS tks dkWjiksjVs fgYl ls fet+ks fgYl rFkk vle dks vfèkdkj nsuk vkSj jkT;ksa osQ chp leUo;
vkWiQj] fjokMZ ,axt s esVa dk;ZØeksa osQ tfj, dh nks ?kkfV;ksa rd bEiQky ?kkVh j•rs gq, laxBukRed cnyko ykxw djus dk
oaQiuh deZpkfj;ksa dks ykHk&iSoQs t miyCèk vkSj •qys foLr`r eSnkuh {ks=k ftEek Hkh lkSia uk 'kkfey gSA
djk jgk gSA lfgr vle dk iwjk ySaMLosQi 14osa foÙk vk;ksx dh fliQkfj'ksa ykxw
fiNys o"kZ vesfjdk dh lcls cM+h gh cnyus esa yxs gSaA ijEijkxr djus ij jkT;ksa dks oqQy fufèk dh 10 çfr'kr
oaQifu;ksa esa 'kkfey ,d oaQiuh us oSVa t s
m|eksa dh lhekvksa dk foLrkj T;knk jkf'k feyus yxsxh ftlls mUgsa vfèkd
lfdZy dks ,EiykWbZ fjokM~lZ ,aM fjdkWxfu'ku jktLo Lok;Ùkk çkIr gksxhA okLro esa ;gh osQUæ
IysViQkWeZ osQ fy, cgqr cM+k Bsdk fn;k djosQ ;s yksx ,slh nqfu;k dh vkSj jkT;ksa osQ chp lalkèkuksa vkSj nkf;Roksa osQ
FkkA blosQ rgr oSVa t s lfdZy dk IysViQkWeZ dYiuk esa yxs gSa ftlosQ ckjs esa vkoaVu dh O;‍oLFkk esa cnyko dh 'kq#vkr
vesfjdk vkSj Hkkjr esa bu oaQifu;ksa osQ 90]000 nl lky igys dksbZ lksp Hkh ugha dk laoQs r Hkh gSA
ls T;knk deZpkfj;ksa dks vius fjokMZ dk ykHk ldrk FkkA bldk eq[; vkèkkj gS ;g nkf;Ro vc jkT;ksa dks lkSi fn;k x;k
vklkuh ls ysus dh lqfoèkk çnku djsxkA blosQ bl {ks=k esa yEcss le; ls 'kkafr gS fd os viuh çkFkfedrkvksa vkSj t:jrksa
ifj.kkeLo:i oSVa t s lfdZy dks U;w;kWdZ esa Hkh osQ vuq:i fodkl ;kstuk,a rS;kj djosQ mUgsa
dk;e jgukA
viuk dk;kZy; •ksyuk iM+kA fØ;kfUor djsAa

lkekftd vkSj vkfFkZd :i ls fVdkÅ cus jgus osQ fy, ns'k yxh gSA visf{kr liQyrk blfy, ugha çkIr dh tk ldh D;ksfsa d
dh çxfr lexz gksuh pkfg,A ijUrq iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k esa vkS|ksfxdhdj.k dh fØ;kUo;u ,tsfa l;ksa dk ;kstukvksa esa iwjh rjg rkyesy ugha FkkA
xfr vis{kkÑr èkheh gS vkSj lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl Hkh èkhek gSA blhfy, t:jh gS fd fØ;kUo;u {kerk dks vfèkd etcwr djus dh
;|fi bl {ks=k esa çkÑfrd lalkèku çpqj ek=kk esa miyCèk gSa ftuls ;kstuk cukbZ tk,A bl mís'; dh iwfrZ osQ fy, iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k ifj;kstuk
vkS|ksxhdj.k vkSj lkekftd fodkl cgqr T;knk gks ldrk gS ysfdu fØ;kUo;u dk xBu djuk t:jh gS tks ifj;kstukvksa osQ fy, nh tkus
mudh iwjh {kerk dk mi;ksx ugha gks ik jgk gSA okyh fufèk dh O;oLFkk laHkkyus osQ lkFk gh çR;sd ifj;kstuk osQ
bl {ks=k osQ dbZ çkÑfrd igyw Hkh gSAa HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr osQ dke dh çxfr vkadus osQ fy, ekWuhVj ny Hkh xfBr djsxk tks‍ futh
dkj.k ijEijkxr ?kjsyw cktkj rks bl {ks=k dh igqp a esa gSa gh] dbZ {ks=k osQ pqus gq, Hkkxhnkjksa osQ lg;ksx ls gj ;kstuk dks ykxw djkus
iwohZ jkT; vkSj iM+kl s h ns'k ckaXykns'k vkSj E;kaekj Hkh bldh igqp a dh ftEesnkjh fuHkk,xk vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa rFkk vU; lac¼ a ,tsfa l;ksa
osQ nk;js esa vkrs gSAa nf{k.k iwohZ ,f'k;k osQ cktkjksa esa tkus osQ fy, osQ lkFk leUo; cuk,xkA
;g ços'k }kj gSA iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k esa u osQoy Hkkjr dh vkRefuHkZj vkfFkZd bdkbZ cuus
ij] vc fLFkfr rsth ls cny jgh gS] Hkwry ifjogu esa cM+s dh Hkjiwj {kerk gS cfYd ns'k dh cM+h miyfCèk;ksa esa vge ;ksxnku
iSekus ij cqfu;knh lqfoèkkvksa osQ fuekZ.k ls ;g laHko gks jgk gSA bl djus dk lkeF;Z Hkh gS vkSj ;gh rF; bl {ks=k osQ çfr çèkkuea=kh osQ
{ks=k dh nks lcls rsth ls cu jgh lcls cM+h ifj;kstukvksa esa ls ,d fo'ks"k è;k‍u osQfUær djus ls Hkh mtkxj gksrk gSA
1500 fdyksehVj yEch Vªkl a v#.kkpy gkbos gS tks rstiqj osQ mÙkj bl {ks=k esa mitkÅ Hkwfe vkSj ty Ïksr gSa ftlls ;g ckxokuh
esa lslk ls uxkySMa osQ ut+nhd ukgjdfV;k rd tkrk gSA ;g gkbos osQ fy, loZFkk mi;qDr gS rFkk ;gka dh le`¼ laLÑfr vkSj çkÑfrd
v#.kkpy çns'k ls gksdj tk,xkA laink dk mi;qDr nksgu djosQ fodkl dh xfr esa vkSj rsth ykbZ
nwljh ifj;kstuk gS ftjcke&bEiQky jsy&ykbu dk fuekZ.k ftlls tk ldrh gSA
ef.kiqj dks Hkkjr osQ eq[; jsy usVodZ ls tksMk+ tk jgk gSA blosQ fy, ckxokuh] gFkdj?kk vkSj gLrf'kYi osQ vis{kkÑr ykHkksa ij
Hkkjr ljdkj us 13]809 djksM+ #i;s dk ctV j•k gSA tksj nsuk rks Bhd gS ij xzkeh.k m|ksxksa ij è;ku nsrs le; 'kgjksa esa
lkFk gh czãiq=k unh ij de ls de ikap cM+s iqy cuk, tk jkstx+ kj eqg;S k djkus okys fofuekZ.k m|ksx dh vuns•h Hkh ugha dh
jgs gSa ftuesa èkqcjh&iqQyckjh esa fo'o dk lcls cM+k iqy Hkh 'kkfey tkuh pkfg,A
gSA blls iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k iwjh rjg ls vU; lHkh okLro esa êsd bu ukWFkZ&bZLV* vFkkZr
{ks=kksa osQ fy, •qy tk,xkA ;s lHkh ;kstuk,a bl {ks=k osQ dbZ çkÑfrd igyw nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;k osQ lkFk iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k
bl le; fuekZ.kkèkhu gSAa Hkh gSaA HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr osQ osQ O;kikj dks vkSj c<+kus dh t:jr gSA
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa çkÑfrd lalkèkuksa dk E;kaekj vkSj ckaXykns'k osQ lkFk O;kikj esa
dkj.k ijEijkxr ?kjsyw cktkj
vikj HkaMkj gS vkSj foLr`r Ñf"k ;ksX; dPps eky dk dkjksckj eq[; gSA mnkgj.k osQ
mitkÅ Hkwfe gS rFkk tcjnLr çfrHkk Hkh rks bl {ks=k dh igqap esa gSa gh] rkSj ij] es?kky; ckaXykns'k dks LVksu cksYMlZ]
gS vkSj blhfy, ;g Hkkjr lcls le`¼ {ks=k dbZ iwohZ jkT; vkSj iM+kslh ns'k ykbeLVksu (pwuk&iRFkj) vkSj ckxokuh mRikn
cu ldrk gSA ckaXykns'k vkSj E;kaekj Hkh bldh fu;kZr djrk gSA
iwoksÙZ kj fØ;kUo‍;u ,tsl a h igqap osQ nk;js esa vkrs gSaA nf{k.k bUgsa çksll
s djosQ fpIl vkSj lhesVa
bl {ks=k osQ fy, vusd ykHkdkjh ;kstuk,a iwohZ ,f'k;k osQ cktkjksa esa tkus cukdj okfil Hkkjr dks Hkst fn;k tkrk gSA
vkSj dk;ZØe rS;kj fd, x, gSa vkSj blhfy, blls ewY; lao¼Zu vkSj lhekikj lg;ksx dks
osQ fy, ;g ços'k }kj gSA
{ks=k osQ dbZ bykdksa esa dkiQh çxfr fn•kbZ nsus c<+kus dh dkiQh xqt
a kb'k gSA ckxokuh dk Hkh
foLrkj vkSj fodkl djus dh Hkh laHkkouk gS bl {ks=k dh le`¼ tSo&‍fofoèkrk laj{k.k
D;ksfa d bl {ks=k esa cf<+;k fdLe dh gYnh
cqfu;knh lqfoèkkvksa dk fodkl u lacaèkh vko';drk dks è;ku esa j•dj djus
vkSj vnj• iSnk dh tkrh gS vkSj vklkuh ls gksaxsA fiQj] ;kstuk,a fØ;kfUor djosQ gh
mxus okys fdoh vkSj iS'ku&ÚwV dk Hkh •wc gks ikus osQ dkj.k i;Z V u m|ksx fodkl laHko gks losQxkA iwokZsÙkj {ks=k osQ
mRiknu gksrk gSA •kl çxfr ugha dj ldkA jkT; fodkl osQ fy, ea=kky; dh vksj ls 'kq:
ijUrq gkV O;oLFkk i;kZIr u gksus osQ vkil esa rkyesy j•s fcuk vius dh xbZ ubZ igyksa ls ;g çfØ;k vkSj l'kDrj
dkj.k ckxokuh mRikn fiNM+s gq, gSAa dksYM Lrj ij vyx&Fkyx ç;kl dj gksxhA jkT;ksa dh çks&,fDVo Hkwfedk ij Hkh
LVksjt s psu dh deh osQ dkj.k Hkh ckxokuh jgs gSAa lefUor ç;klksa osQ fy, dkiQh oqQN fuHkZj gSA
esa yxs mRikndksa dks cktkj osQ mrkj&p<+ko
iwoksÙZ kj IysViQkeZ (eap) LFkkfir •wfc;ka
>syus iM+rs gSAa yy CY;w ekmaVus (iQokxiqb&Z fet+kjs e)]
cqfu;knh lqfoèkkvksa dk fodkl u gks djus ] xa
r O; LFkyks
a dk fodkl iyd ysd (fet+kjs e)] dkaxyk iQksVZ
ikus osQ dkj.k i;ZVu m|ksx •kl çxfr ugha djus] i;ZVu {ks=k fuèkkZfjr djus] (ef.kiqj)] ektqyh unh (vle) tSls vkd"kZd
dj ldkA jkT; vkil esa rkyesy j•s fcuk LFkkuh; yksxksa dks vkSj futh {ks=k i;ZVd LFkqy_
vius Lrj ij vyx&Fkyx ç;kl dj jgs dks Hkh 'kkfey djus tSls lkèkkj.k yy vuwBs fjokt vkSj ijEijkvksa okyh
gSAa lefUor ç;klksa osQ fy, iwoksÙZ kj IysViQkeZ mik; rst xfr ls ykxw djosQ tutkfr laLÑfr_
(eap) LFkkfir djus] xarO; LFkyksa dk fodkl
i;ZVu {ks=k osQ fodkl dk cM+k yy vusd Vh ,LVsV (pk; ckxku)_
djus] i;ZVu {ks=k fuèkkZfjr djus] LFkkuh; yksxksa yy iwokZÙs kj {ks=k esa dkiQh vPNk L=kh&iq#"k
dks vkSj futh {ks=k dks Hkh 'kkfey djus tSls dk;Z Ø e 'kq: fd;k tk ldrk gSA lekurk lwpdkad]
lkèkkj.k mik; rst xfr ls ykxw djosQ i;ZVu yy ckal osQ vikj HkaMkj_
{ks=k osQ fodkl dk cM+k dk;ZØe 'kq: fd;k tk ldrk gSA yy LFkkuh; yksxksa us gFkdj?kk vkSj cqudjh dk gquj viuk fy;k gS_
osQæa ljdkj osQ çR;sd ea=kky; dks vius ctV dk de ls yy iufctyh ifj;kstukvksa osQ fy, ykbeLVksu (pwuk iRFkj) vkSj
de 10 çfr'kr iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k esa •pZ djuk iM+rk gSA ij] vHkh rd ikuh çpqj ek=kk esa miyfCèk_
fcuk •pZ dh xbZ jkf'k dk cM+k iwy tek gks pqdk gS D;ksfa d •pZ yy LFkkuh; tyok;q dh ifjfLFkfr;ka_ vkSj
djus ;ksX; çLrko gh rS;kj ugha gks ik jgs gSAa blhfy, iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k yy lqjf{kr vkSj LoPN rFkk çnw"k.k&eqDr okrkoj.kA
osQ fodkl dh dksbZ Hkh uhfr ykus ls igys ;g tku ysuk t:jh gS •kfe;ka
fd fuèkkZfjr èkujkf'k •pZ D;ksa ugha dh tk ldhA dksbZ Hkh nksgjh yy leqfpr dusfDVfoVh dk vHkko % bl {ks=k dk cM+k Hkkx ioZrh;
ifj;kstuk rS;kj djus osQ fy, fofHkÂ laLFkkuksa dh fo'ks"kKrk dk Hkh gS ftlls ;gka osQ jkT;ksa dks lM+d ekxZ ij gh fuHkZj jguk iM+rk
ykHk ysuk pkfg,A gS vkSj fiQj lM+dksa dh gkyr Hkh vPNh ugha gSA gokbZ vM~Mksa
vkt iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k foæksg vkSj ?kqliSB dh leL;k ls eqDr gks dh la[;k de gksus ls Hkh ;gka dusfDVfoVh de gSA
pqdk gSA bl lq•n fLFkfr dks ns•rs gq, {ks=k esa gksus okyh fNViqV yy i;ZVu lacèa kh ewyHkwr lqfoèkk,a cgqr lhfer gSAa i;ZVdksa osQ fy,
?kVukvksa dh dksbZ vgfe;r ugha gSA nsj&losj vkf•jh cps ûxk jgus&Bgjus dh lqfoèkk Hkh ekax osQ eqdkcys dkiQh de gS vkSj
le>kSr*s ij Hkh gLrk{kj gks gh tk,axAs gS Hkh fuEu Lrj dhA
uxkySMa foèkkulHkk us 18 iQjojh] 2021 dks gh n'kdksa iqjkus yy oqQ'ky vkSj voqQ'ky Jfedksa dk vHkko
uxk jktuhfrd fookn dks fuiVkus osQ ckjs esa pkj lw=kh; çLrko ikfjr yy ekulwu osQ nkSjku ck<+ vkSj Hkw&L•yu osQ dkj.k bl {ks=k esa
fd;k gS ftlesa 60 lnL;ksa osQ lnu us osQæa vkSj uxk jktuSfrd lewgksa igqp
a uk csgn eqf'dy gks tkrk gSA
osQ chp vafre lekèkku osQ fy, py jgs fopkj&foe'kZ
esa ,dtqV gksdj ç;kl djus dk ladYi O;Dr fd;k gSA
LFkkuh; tyok;q dh ifjfLFkfr;ka_ lqjf{kr vkSj LoPN‍
rFkk çnw"k.k eqDÙk‍ okrkoj.kA
osQaæ ljdkj uxk&okrkZdkjksa osQ lkFk vyx& vyx
nks fopkj&foe'kZ tkjh j•s gq, gSa] igyh okrkZ 1997 ls
,u,llh,u (vkbZ,e) osQ lkFk py jgh gS vkSj nwljh
okrkZ jktuhfrd xzqiksa (,u,uihth) osQ lkFk 2017 ls
tkjh gS ftlesa lkr xzqi 'kkfey gSaA bu {ks=kksa dh iwjh
{kerk dk mi;ksx djus osQ fy, lHkh {ks=kksa dh cqfu;knh
lqfoèkk,a] f'k{kk vkSj dkS'ky fodkl lqfoèkk,a c<+kus osQ
okLrs dkiQh fuos'k dh t:jr iM+sxh] vkSj ;g lHkh dk;Z
yy jkT; esa Hkwfe vfèkxzg.k vkSj gLrkarj.k lacèa kh dkuwuksa esa tk,axs vkSj ;gka i;ZVdksa osQ fy, vkd"kZ.k Hkh ugha jg tk,xkA
lkoZtfud&futh Hkkxhnkjh dks è;ku esa j•dj mu ifj;kstukvksa yy {ks=kh; dusfDVfoVh ls tqMh+ fpUrk,aA
esa fuos'k osQ fy, vuqoQw y gkykr cukus gksxa As yy ;fn Hkwfe cSd a vkSj Hkwfe miyCèk ij è;ku u fn;k x;k rks futh
yy ifj;kstuk osQ fØ;kUo;u esa nsjh osQ dkj.k fodkl çfØ;k,a {ks=k dk fodkl #dus yxsxkA
fiNM+ tkrh gSAa yy LFkkuh; yksxksa dk jkstx+ kj dh ryk'k esa 'kgjh {ks=kksa dh vksj
yy jkT;ksa rd igqp a us osQ ekxZ vo#¼ jgrs gSAa iyk;uA
volj fiNys o"kZ dbZ igy dh xbZ gSa vkSj liQyrk Hkh feyh gSA
yy gFkdj?kk m|ksx dk fodklA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ljdkj us lM+dksa vkSj jsyksa osQ fuekZ.k osQ fy,
yy o"kkZ osQ ekSle esa jkT; osQ mu Hkkxksa rd igqp a us dh lqfoèkk 92]000 djksM+ #i;s osQ fuos'k dh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA
miyCèk djkus osQ fy, ck<+ çcaèku O;oLFkk djuk ftUgsa îwoksÙZ kj {ks=k esa fo'ks"k Rofjr lM+d fodkl dk;ZØe*
i;ZVu&LFkyksa osQ :i esa fodflr fd;k tk ldrk gSA (,l,vkjMhih,ubZ) osQ varxZr Vªkl a v#.kkpy gkbos fodflr fd;k
yy ekStnw k i;ZVu lfdZVksa ls laidZ fodflr djuk vkSj u, lfdZV tk jgk gSA HkwVku] ckaXykns'k] Hkkjr vkSj usiky (chchvkbZ,u) osQ
fodflr djukA chp le>kSrs osQ rgr 'kq: esa clksa dks vkSj ckn esa futh okguksa dks
yy cqfu;knh lqfoèkk,a vkSj vkus&tkus dh O;oLFkk esa lqèkkj djosQ bu pkjksa ns'kksa osQ ijfeV ij ,d&nwljs osQ ;gka vkus&tkus dh lqfoèkk
O;kikj esa tcjnLrh o`f¼ dh tk ldrh gSA nh xbZ gSA blh rjg ckaXykns'k osQ lkFk cl lqfoèkk,a Hkh lqèkjh gSAa
•rjs FkksMs+ vkSj ç;kl djus vkSj LFkkuh; rFkk osQæa ljdkj osQ leFkZu
yy i;kZoj.k dh n`f‘ ls laons u'khy {ks=kksa esa lalkèkuksa osQ csgn T;knk ls vkSj yEcs le; rd 'kkafr cuh jgus ij Hkfo"; esa iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k
bLrseky vkSj O;kikfjd joS;k viukus ls lalkèku cckZn gksrs dk tcjnLr fodkl gks losQxkA n
izdk'ku foHkkx osQ foozQ; osaQæ

ubZ fnYyh iqLrd nh?kkZ] lwpuk Hkou] lhthvks dkWEIysDl] yksèkh jksM 110003 011&24367260
uoh eqacbZ 701] lh& foax] lkroha eafty] osaQæh; lnu] csykiqj 400614 022&27570686
dksydkrk 8] ,lIykusM bZLV 700069 033&22488030
psUubZ ^,* foax] jktkth Hkou] clar uxj 600090 044&24917673
fr#vuariqje çsl jksM] u;h xouZesaV çsl osQ fudV 695001 0471&2330650
gSnjkckn dejk la- 204] nwljk ry] lhthvks Vkoj] dokM+hxqM+k] fldanjkckn 500080 040&27535383
csaxyq# iQLVZ Ýyksj] ^,iQ* foax] osaQæh; lnu] dksjkeaxyk 560034 080&25537244
iVuk fcgkj jkT; dksvkWijsfVo cSad Hkou] v'kksd jktiFk 800004 0612&2683407
y[kuÅ gkWy la&1] nwljk ry] osaQæh; Hkou] {ks=k&,p] vyhxat 226024 0522&2325455
vgenkckn 4&lh] usIpwu VkWoj] pkSFkh eafty] usg: fczt dkWuZj] vkJe jksM 380009 079&26588669
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jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020
iQksdl
iwoksZÙkj esa f'k{kk

çksisQlj osQ ,e cg:y bLyke
nqfu;k Hkj esa f'k{kk uhfr;ksa dks yksxksa dh vkfFkZd le`f¼] xfr'khyrk vkSj lkekftd fodkl osQ fglkc
ls cnyk tk jgk gSA tkudkj yacs le; ls bl ckr ij tksj nsrs jgs gSa fd fdlh Hkh laxBu ;k lekt
esa mi;ksxh ekuo iwath rS;kj djus osQ fy, fuos'k dh t:jr gksrh gSA jk‘ªh; Lrj ij cukbZ xbZ gekjh
f'k{kk uhfr;ka vke rkSj ij csgn t:jh y{;ksa ls lapkfyr gksrh gSaA gkykafd] tehuh Lrj ij bu y{;ksa
dks ykxw djus osQ fy, (•kl rkSj ij iwoksZÙkj esa) ckjhdh ls dke djuk gksxkA gekjh f'k{kk uhfr;ksa esa
{ks=kh; Lrj ij leh{kk dh l[r t:jr gS] rkfd ,slk ekgkSy rS;kj gks losQ tgka Nk=k&Nk=kk,a jkst+xkj
gkfly djus esa viuh f'k{kk vkSj çf'k{k.k dk mi;ksx dj losQa] viuk thou Lrj lqèkkj losQa vkSj bl
bykosQ osQ lkekftd fodkl esa viuk ;ksxnku nsaA
jk ‘ªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020 (,ubZih) dk edln 21oha

lnh osQ Hkkjr dh t+:jrksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, f'k{kk
iz.kkyh esa cM+s iSekus ij cnyko djuk gSA gkykafd]
dkS'ky ls tqM+h fMxzh t:jh gks xbZ gSA ;g ,d rjg ls çfrLièkhZ
jkst+xkj cktkj esa ^ços'k dk tfj;k* Hkh gSA
vr%] tc dksbZ vkSlr fo|kFkhZ fdlh Lukrd dkslZ esa ços'k
D;k ge {ks=kh; Lrj ij viuh f'k{kk ç.kkyh vkSj blls tqM+s reke ysrk gS] rks u rks fo|kFkhZ vkSj u gh fdlh 'kS{kf.kd ç'kklu osQ ikl
igyqvksa dks nq#Lr djus osQ fy, rS;kj gSa\ lkFk gh] D;k ge rsth ,slh dksbZ ;kstuk gksrh gS ftlls fo|kFkhZ dks jkst+xkj osQ vkèkqfud
ls cnyrs le; vkSj dkedkt LFky ij mHkjrs rjhdksa osQ fglkc fBdkuksa esa txg fey losQA iwjk tksj fdlh •kl fo"k; esa fMxzh
ls viuh ç.kkyh esa cnyko djus osQ fy, rS;kj gSa (fo'o fodkl gkfly djus ij gS tks ,d vkn'kZ fe'ku gks ldrk gS] ysfdu
fjiksVZ] 2019)\ vxj ,slk gS] rks HkkSxksfyd&j.kuhfrd fygkt ls gdhdr ;g gS fd vxj fudV Hkfo"; esa jkst+xkj gkfly djuk gS]
egRoiw.kZ bl iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dks vxys oqQN lky esa ekuo iwath dk rks bl rjg dk ,drjiQk joS;k dkjxj ugha gksxkA cs'kd gesa fdlh
osQaæ cukus osQ fy, dkSu ls j.kuhfrd cnyko djus gksaxs\ bl fo"k; esa fo'ks"kKrk gkfly djus osQ fy, tkudkj vkSj cqfu;knh
ys• esa ge bu eqíksa dh iM+rky djsaxsA lkFk gh] Hkfo"; dh mu 'kksèk djus okys yksxksa dh t:jr gS] ysfdu gesa ml O;kogkfjd
xfrfofèk;ksa osQ ckjs esa tkusaxs tks f'k{kk uhfr;ksa dks bl {ks=k dh t:jr osQ ckjs esa Hkh lkspuk gksxk ftlosQ rgr cM+h la[;k esa
o`grj pqukSfr;ksa ls tksM+rh gSaA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ fy, j.kuhfrd ;kstuk Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa osQ fy, fdlh rjg osQ dkS'ky ;k çf'k{k.k t:jh
cukrs le; gesa bl {ks=k dh oqQN fo'ks"k ckrksa dk è;ku j•uk gksxkA gS] rkfd csgn çfrLièkhZ cktkj esa mUgsa jkst+xkj fey losQA iwoksZÙkj
;gka lcls igys ;g crkuk t:jh gS fd iwoksZÙkj esa m|ksxksa
dh ekStwnxh dkiQh de gSA bl otg ls iwoksZÙkj osQ ukStokuksa dks
jkst+xkj osQ fy, iyk;u djuk iM+rk gSA gekjs Nk=k&Nk=kk,a yacs
le; rd ^LFkk;h* ljdkjh ukSdjh ij fuHkZj jgsA gkykafd] vc
î<+s&fy•s* yksxksa dh cM+h rknkn gS] tcfd bl rjg dh ukSdfj;ksa
dh Hkkjh deh gSA gekjh f'k{kk ç.kkyh esa (•kl rkSj ij dkWyst
vkSj fo'ofo|ky; Lrj ij) esa vc Hkh ikjaifjd fo"k;ksa ij tksj
gS vkSj laLFkkuksa ls ikjaifjd f'k{kk vkèkkfjr fMxzh gh eqgS;k djkbZ
tk jgh gSaA bldk eksVs rkSj ij jk‘ªh; ;k oSf'od Lrj osQ m|ksx ls
dksbZ lacaèk ugha gS] tcfd jkst+xkj gkfly djus osQ fy, fdlh •kl
ys•d Hkkjrh; çcaèku laLFkku dk'khiqj esa çksisQlj vkSj laLFkku ds ^lkoZtfud uhfr rFkk ljdkj ds mRÑ"Vrk dsanz* (lsaVj vkWiQ ,Dlhysal) ds vè;{k gSaA
bZesy% [email protected]
{ks=k osQ fy, gekjh f'k{kk uhfr osQ <kaps esa cnyko blh lksp osQ
vkèkkj ij gksuk pkfg,A
Hkkjrh;&vesfjdh vFkZ'kkÐh vkSj gkoZMZ fctusl LowQy us viuh
fdrkc ^^jhfFkafoaQx n ,ech,% fctusl ,tqosQ'ku ,V , ØkWljksM~l**
esa dgk gS fd f'k{kk esa ^tkuus* osQ ctk; ^djus* vkSj ^gksus* ij
iQksdl gksuk pkfg,A bldk vk'k; ;g gS fd f'k{kk esa fliQZ ;g
vge ugha gS fd vki D;k tkurs gSa] jkst+xkj osQ lanHkZ esa Hkh bldh
mi;ksfxrk t:jh gSA iwoksZÙkj osQ f'k{kk uhfr fuekZrkvksa dks Hkh bl ij
fopkj djus dh t:jr gS] rkfd gekjh ljdkjsa] laLFkk,a] ç'kkld
vkSj f'k{kd ikB~;Øeksa vkSj dk;ZØeksa esa bu rhu vge phtksa dks
'kkfey dj losQa& oS'ohdj.k] usr`Ro vkSj ,dhdj.kA gkykafd] bu
rhuksa fcanqvksa dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, ;g t:jh ugha fd ekStwnk
ç.kkfy;ksa dks iwjh rjg myV fn;k tk, ij bu ij fo'ks"k è;ku o"kks± esa rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA gkykafd] cnyrs oDr osQ lkFk blesa
dsafnzr djus dh vko';drk gSA blosQ vykok] 'kS{kf.kd fu;ked cnyko dh t:jr gSA blosQ rgr ûsr`Ro {kerk lacaèkh dkS'ky*
bdkb;ksa] laLFkkxr usr`Ro vkSj f'k{kdksa osQ lg;ksx osQ ekeys esa dks Hkh blesa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg,] rkfd Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa
j.kuhfrd cnyko dh t:jr gSA vc ge iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ fy, dks leL;k dks gy djus okys rkSj&rjhosQ lh•us osQ lkFk&lkFk
uhfr osQ Lrj ij bu rhuksa cnykoksa dh laHkkouk ij ckr djrs gSaA vyx&vyx ekgkSy esa dke djus dh le> fodflr gks losQA bl
fo'o fodkl fjiksVZ 2019 esa f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa oS'ohdj.k dh rjg] vyx&vyx yksxksa osQ lkFk dke djus dh {kerk vkSj vius
j.kuhfr osQ rgr rhu lq>ko fn, x, gSaA igyk gesa ,sls dkS'ky dk;ks± osQ fy, tokcnsgh dh Hkkouk fodflr gks losQxhA ;s reke
ij è;ku nsus dh t:jr gS ftudh ekax T;knk gSA lkFk gh] xzkeh.k xq.k ,d fnu esa ;k ukSdjh osQ fy, gksus okys lk{kkRdkj ls Bhd
bykdksa vkSj oafpr leqnk;ksa esa fuos'k djuk pkfg, vkSj gesa vius igys gkfly ugha fd, tk ldrsA blosQ fy, gj dkslZ esa l=k
dk;ZØeksa esa Åaps Lrj dh ckSf¼d vkSj lkekftd&O;kogkfjd dk çkoèkku fd;k tkuk pkfg, vkSj bl flyflys esa f'k{kdksa dks
lkexzh dks 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg,A iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa Lukrd Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk pkfg,A fiQygky] ;g ikB~;Øe
vkSj ijk&Lukrd ikB~;Øeksa dks cukus okyksa dks jkT;okj ;k de dk fgLlk ugha gS] fygktk Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks blosQ fy, •qn igy
ls de {ks=kh; Lrj (bl {ks=k osQ lHkh jkT;ksa dh dekscs'k ,d djuh iM+rh gSA blls T;knkrj Nk=k&Nk=kk,a bl dkS'ky ls oafpr jg
tSlh pqukSfr;ka gSa) ij feydj dke djuk pkfg,A lkFk gh] tkrs gSa vkSj ukSdjh ikus esa Hkh fiNM+ tkrs gSaA gekjs fo'ofo|ky;ksa
varj&foHkkxh; lewg cukdj ;g fopkj djuk pkfg, fd fdl vkSj dkWystksa dks lHkh rjg osQ dkslZ esa ûsr`Ro fodkl* dks vge
rjg ls ikB~;Øeksa] dk;Z'kkykvksa vkSj çf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa dks f'k{kk fgLls osQ rkSj ij 'kkfey djuk pkfg,A
dk vVwV fgLlk cuk;k tk ldrk gS ftlls gekjh f'k{kk O;oLFkk blosQ vykok] iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh f'k{kk ç.kkyh esa ^,dhdj.k*
oSf'od gks losQxhA ;gka oSf'od gksus dk eryc f'k{kk osQ {ks=k ls tqM+s dkS'ky dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ;g {ks=k
esa ,sls çf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa vkSj vU; lkexzh dks 'kkfey djuk gS] Hkkjr osQ eq[; fgLls ls FkksM+k dVk gqvk gSA lkFk gh] bldh
rkfd gekjs Nk=k&Nk=kk,a ns'k osQ o`grj vkfFkZd lanHkZ osQ lkFk&lkFk vyx vkSj fofoèkrkiw.kZ laLÑfr dh otg ls ;gka osQ yksx
oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk osQ #>kuksa vkSj cktkj dh ekax dks le> fodkl esa FkksM+k vyx&Fkyx iM+ tkrs gSaA gkykafd] bl {ks=k
losQaA vklku 'kCnksa esa dgsa] rks fet+ksje ;k osQ Nk=k&Nk=kk,a Hkkjr osQ vU; fgLlksa
f=kiqjk osQ fdlh xkao osQ dkWyst esa i<+us okys gekjs vdknfed dkslZ esa ;k fons'k esa i<+kbZ djrs gSa] rks os dkiQh
Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks jkst+xkj o dkedkt dh ikjaifjd rkSj ij fdlh fo"k; ls vPNk çn'kZu djrs gSaA vr% gekjh f'k{kk
ekStwnk fLFkfr;ksa] ns'k vkSj nqfu;k osQ ckdh tqM+h ^Kku* lkexzh] ewy fo"k; uhfr osQ rgr ;gka jgus okyksa osQ fy, ,sls
fgLls osQ lkaLÑfrd <kaps vkfn ls ifjfpr 'kSf{k.kd dk;ZØe gksus pkfg,] rkfd muosQ
gksuk pkfg,A
vkS j fl¼ka r ks a ij tks j fn;k tkrk ikl phtksa dks ns•u dk lexz utfj;k
gekjs vdknfed dkslZ esa ikjaifjd rkSj gS] rkfd ml fo"k; dh etcwr gkfly gks losQ vkSj Kku osQ vyx&vyx
ij fdlh fo"k; ls tqM+h ^Kku* lkexzh] ewy cqfu;kn rS;kj gks losQA ;g ,d Ïksr Hkh miyCèk gks losQaA bl fygkt ls
fo"k; vkSj fl¼karksa ij tksj fn;k tkrk gS] csgrj rjhdk gS vkSj 'kk;n jk‘ªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020 dkjxj gS] D;ksafd
rkfd ml fo"k; dh etcwr cqfu;kn rS;kj gks ;gh otg gS fd Hkkjrh; f'k{kk blesa dkslZ osQ rgr vyx&vyx rjg dh
losQA ;g ,d csgrj rjhdk gS vkSj 'kk;n ç.kkyh dks nqfu;k Hkj esa bl tkudkjh dk lekos'k djus dk lq>ko fn;k
;gh otg gS fd Hkkjrh; f'k{kk ç.kkyh dks x;k gSA vkt jktuhfr 'kkÐ osQ Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa
nqfu;k Hkj esa bl etcwr ^cqfu;kn* osQ fy,
etcw r ^cq f u;kn* os Q fy, tkuk osQ fy, oaQI;wVj foKku dk dkslZ Hkh t:jh
tkuk tkrk gS ftls gekjs laLFkkuksa }kjk dbZ tkrk gSA gS] rkfd mUgsa lks'ky ehfM;k jktuhfr osQ
f'k{kk uhfr dk vkèkkj ;gh gSA lky 1990 osQ ckn gq, eqDr cktkj
lacèa kh vkfFkZd lqèkkjksa vkSj lkekftd&vkfFkZd cnyko osQ lkFk gh
bl fjiksVZ ij ,d ckj fiQj ls xkSj djuk t:jh gSA lkFk gh] gesa
orZeku ifjçs{; esa viuh f'k{kk uhfr;ksa dh Hkh leh{kk djuh gksxhA
f'k{kk {ks=k ls tqMk+ ,d vge lq>ko ;g gS fd Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa
dks viuh #fp osQ fglkc ls i<+kbZ djus dk volj feyuk pkfg,]
elyu vxj fdlh dh fnypLih fdlh •kl fo"k; ;k {ks=k esa gS] rks
mlosQ ikl mldk pquko djus vkSj liuksa dks iwjk djus dk fodYi
gksuk pkfg,A iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k osQ gekjs uhfr fuekZrkvksa dks vkus okys o"kks±
esa bl fcanq ij fiQj ls tksj nsus dh t:jr gSA jk‘ªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020
esa Hkh ;g ckr dgh xbZ gSA jk‘ªh; f'k{kk uhfr 2020 esa ^yphykiu*
dk çeq•rk ls ftØ fd;k x;k gS] rkfd cPps i<+kbZ osQ vius y{;
r; dj viuh çfrHkk vkSj fnypLih osQ fglkc ls thou esa vkxs
ckjs esa csgrj le> gkfly gks losQA blls Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks c<+ losQAa vr%] vc f'k{kk ls tqMs+ dk;ZØeksa esa lHkh Lrjks]a fo"k;ksa
jktuhfrd fl¼karksa osQ ckjs esa csgrj <ax ls lh•us esa enn feysxh vkSj ladk;ksa esa vge cnyko djus dh t:jr gS] rkfd Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa
vkSj os jktuhfr esa rduhd osQ ek;us le> losQaxsA vkus okys le; dks bl ^yphysiu* dk ykHk fey losQA tSlk fd igys crk;k tk
esa gesa jktuhfrd oSQaisu ;k lks'ky ehfM;k çcaèku tSls {ks=kksa osQ pqdk gS fd t:jh cnyko osQ ckn jktuhfrd 'kkÐ dk ,d Nk=k Hkh
fy, blh rjg osQ is'ksojksa dh t:jr gksxhA vxj blh fo"k; osQ oaQI;wVj foKku] vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVfs ytsl a ;k tho foKku osQ ckjs esa
Nk=kksa dks lkaf[;dh dk dkslZ i<+k, tk, rks os pqukoh urhtksa dh tkudkjh gkfly dj losQxkA blosQ fy, gekjs f'k{kkfonksa vkSj uhfr
Hkfo";ok.kh osQ dke ls tqM+ losQaxsA ,dhdj.k dh çfØ;k ekStwnk fuekZrkvksa vkSj lacfa èkr ljdkjh laLFkkuksa dks fo"k; vkèkkfjr ekStnw k
oDr dh t:jr gS vkSj gekjs f'k{kk uhfr fuekZrk csgrj <ax ls bl <kaps ls vyx gVdj vyx&vyx t:jh fo"k;ksa dks ,d lkFk i<+kus
fn'kk esa 'kq#vkr dj ldrs gSaA dk fodYi eqg;S k djkuk gksxkA blosQ rgr] varj&ladk; dk;ZØeksa
vxj ge bl {ks=k dh f'k{kk ç.kkyh dks ns•sa] rks ;g dgk tk osQ fy, lkewfgd osQæa LFkkfir djus gksxa ]s tgka Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks
ldrk gS fd LFkkuh; txg dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, Hkh oqQN igy viuh fnypLih osQ fglkc ls reke foHkkxksa osQ dkslZ dk fodYi
dh tk ldrh gS] •kl rkSj ij ^yqd bZLV* rFkk ^,DV bZLV* dh pquus dh lqfoèkk gksxhA
ljdkjh uhfr;ksa dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, ;g igy dh tk ldrh gSA e'kgwj vesfjdh ys•d ,fYou VkWiQyj us viuh fdrkc îkoj
cs'kd bu uhfr;ksa dks jk‘ªh; ,tsaMs esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS] ysfdu f'kÝV* (1990) esa crk;k gS fd iSls vkSj fgalk dh rkdr ls fuiVus
bl {ks=k osQ 'kS{kf.kd ikB~;Øeksa esa uke ek=k txg nh xbZ gSA bl dk lcls lqyHk] lLrk vkSj yksdrkaf=kd lkèku Kku dh rkdr gSA
{ks=k osQ ,d vkSlr Nk=k&Nk=kk dks bl ckr dh dksbZ tkudkjh ugha iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k esa Kku (laLFkkuksa esa ikjaifjd rjhosQ ls nh tkus okyh
gksrh fd og iwoZ ,f'k;k osQ ns'kksa esa m|e] is'ksoj dfj;j ;k vU; f'k{kk) dks okLrfod rkdr esa cnyus dh t:jr gS] rkfd bl
jkst+xkj ikus osQ fy, vius Kku dk bLrseky fdl rjg dj ldrk {ks=k osQ yksxksa osQ fy, vkxs c<+us dk ekxZ ç'kLr gks losQA ;qokvksa
gSA •kl rkSj ij] vkfl;ku ns'kksa osQ lkFk Hkkjr osQ c<+rs laidks± osQ dks f'kf{kr djus osQ fy, fliQZ fMxzh eqg;S k djkus okys dkslZ tSls
chp ;g ckr vkSj vge gSA bl {ks=k dh 'kS{kf.kd laLFkk,a iwoksZÙkj ikjaifjd jkLrksa dk fodYi i;kZIr ugha gSA Åaps Lrj ij 'kksèk dk
Hkkjr vkSj nf{k.k&iwoZ ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa osQ chp lkaLÑfrd vkSj vU; fodYi fliQZ pqfuank Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa osQ fy, gksuk pkfg,] tcfd
lacaèkksa dks vkSj etcwr dj ldrh gSaA lkFk gh] lk>k lkaLÑfrd T;knkrj Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa gh dfj;j ;k is'kk pquus
bfrgkl vkSj O;kikfjd ekxks± osQ vkèkkj ij Hkh dkslZ esa t:jh dk fodYi fn;k tkuk pkfg,] rkfd os t:jh dkS'ky lh• losQAa
phtsa tksM+h tk ldrh gSaA vxj bl {ks=k osQ gekjs oSQail dk laokn laLFkkuksa esa çf'kf{kr dkmalysj] dkslZ dh ;kstuk cukus okys vkSj
vkfl;ku ns'kksa osQ fo'ofo|ky;ksa vkSj la;qDr dk;ZØeksa ls c<+rk ekxZn'kZdksa osQ fcuk bl rjg dh uhfr ykxw ugha dh tk ldrhA vr%]
gS] rks gekjs Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks T;knk volj miyCèk gks losQaxsA gesa f'k{kdksa vkSj ç'kkldksa osQ Hkhrj ,sls oqQ'ky yksxksa dh igpku dj
fygktk] gekjs 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkuksa dks bl rjg dk vdknfed laidZ mUgsa cnyrh Hkwfedk osQ eqrkfcd rS;kj dj ekxZn'kZd cukuk gksxkA
cukus dh fn'kk esa dke 'kq: dj nsuk pkfg,A bl rjg osQ cnyko dk 'kk;n gesa yacs vlZs ls bartkj gSA n
nks n'kd ls Hkh igys] ;wuLs dks us tSd MsylZ dh vè;{krk esa lanHkZ
,d fjiksVZ rS;kj dh FkhA bldk 'kh"kZd Fkk% ^yfu±x% n Vªt s j fonbu 1- MkVj] Jhdkar ,e-] MsfoM ,- xkfoZu vkSj iSfVªd dysu (201)A jhfFkafoaQx
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a jq h n ,ech,% fctusl ,tqoQs 'ku ,V , ØkWljksMl
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dherh lq>koA* bl fjiksVZ esa nqfu;k Hkj esa f'k{kk osQ fy, ,dhÑr 4- fo'o fodkl fjiksVZ (2019)% n psftax uspj vkWiQ odZA okWf'kaxVu Mhlh]
n`f‘dks.k viukus dh ckr dgh xbZ FkhA fiNys dbZ o"kks± ls gekjh n oYMZ cSadA

YH-1606/2021

laLÑfr lsrq
fo'ks"k vkys[k
vuqokn µ fo'o dks le>us dk ,d ekè;e

vuqjkx cLkusRk
vuqokn nqfu;k ds fy, f[kM+fd;ka [kksyrk gS] tks vU;Fkk ges'kk can jgsaxhA ;g laLÑfr;ksa vkSj
yksxksa ds chp le> dk lsrq cukus ds volj çnku djrk gSA Hkkjr tSls ns'k esa tgka dbZ laLÑfr;kas
dk laxe gS] ;g cgqr egRoiw.kZ gSA yksdfç; eq[;èkkjk dh dYiuk esa] iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr ,d ,dk'e
(eksuksfyFk) gSA fiQj Hkh bl fudVorhZ {ks=k ds Hkhrj dbZ mi&jk"Vªh;rk,a iuirh gSaA ,sfrgkfld
:i ls] iwoksZÙkj ds yksxksa dh ;g f'kdk;r jgh gS fd êq[; Hkwfe* dk Hkkjr mUgsa le>rk ugha gSA
mudh bl f'kdk;r dks nwj djus dk ,d rjhdk iwoksZÙkj dh Hkk"kkvksa ls vfèkd ls vfèkd vuqokn
djuk gSA fo'ks"k :i ls mu Hkk"kkvksa ls vfèkd vuqokn gksuk pkfg, ftudk vfèkd çfrfufèkRo ugha
gS tSls fd usikyh] cksMks] dqdh] fet+ks] dksdcksjksd] esrsbZ vkSj vU;A blh rjg] vU; Hkk"kkvksa dh
vfèkd ls vfèkd lkexzh dk bu Hkk"kkvksa esa Hkh vuqokn gksuk pkfg,A
Hkk
jr ds eSnkuh bykdksa ls ysdj dbZ igkM+h jkT;ksa igkM+h {ks=kksa esa jsaxrs gSa vkSj lM+d ij xkaoksa ls xqtjrs gSa rks
rd ds jktekxks± ij] lcdks lkekU; ;krk;kr dqN jsr gok ls mM+ tkrh gS ;k lM+d fdukjs fxj tkrh gS ;k
ckèkkvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA èkheh xfr ls ;fn xhyh gks rks fLFkj fMªi esa cg tkrh gSA jsr èkwy ls vkokl
pyus okys Vªd lkexzh dks ?kkfV;ksa esa unh fdukjksa ls igkfM+;ksa esa cny tkrh gS] ysfdu unh ds ry ls fudyus okyh lewph
ij rsth ls iQSys fuekZ.k LFkyksa rd ys tkrs gSaA tSls gh Vªd jsr Bksl ugha cu ikrh gSA
ys[kd ,lvkj,e fo'ofo|ky; (flfDde) esa i=kdkfjrk o tu lapkj ladk; ds foHkkxkè;{k gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

vuqokn cgqr dqN ,slk gh gSA ewy gS fd fdlh dk igyk uke mldh e`R;q
ikB ,d Hkk"kk] ,d :i ls nwljh Hkk"kk esa
ys[kd] fy[kus dh Hkk"kk pqurs ds fnu rd dHkh ugha tkuk tkukA blfy,]
:ikarfjr gksrk gS] ysfdu ikBd ds fy, ;g le;] vius ikBdksa ds ckjs esa ;fn fdlh O;fDr dks ^clusr tsBk* dgk
tkuuk vlaHko gS fd bl izfØ;k esa ys[kd LokHkkfod èkkj.kk,a cukrk gSA os tkrk gS] rks bldk 'kkfCnd vuqokn gksxk
dk vFkZ] lq>ko vkSj bjknk ml rd fdruk D;k tkurs gSa] os D;k le>rs gSa] iSnk gqvk igyk csVk ;k ;gka rd fd igyk
igqap ik;kA vkSj os ikB] miikB vkSj vFkZ HkkbZ cslusr tks gkL;kLin yxrk gSA bl
gekjh Hkk"kk,a dbZ lzksrksa ls fudyh dks fdruh vPNh rjg le>saxsA izdkj clusr tsBk dk fdjnkj cuk jgrk gSA
gSaA ;s gSa& laLÑfr] bfrgkl] èkeZ] vkLFkk] ysfdu vaxzsth esa ;s uke ikBd ds lkeus
Hkwxksy] LFkykÑfr vkSj vU;A tks rhu
fdlh Jks r k fo'ks " k ds fy, tks dHkh Hkh ml lekt dh Hkkouk dks O;Dr
Hkk"kk,a eSa vPNh rjg ls tkurk gwa muesa iwjh rjg ls Li"V gS og nwljs ds ugha dj ik,axs ftlesa O;fDr ikfjokfjd
ls tc eSa fganh vkSj usikyh ls vaxzsth esa fy, vHks| gks ldrk gSA cs'kd] vkSj lkekftd lajpukvksa ds Hkhrj lek;k
vuqokn djrk gwa rks eq>s bl uqdlku dk ys[kd vkSj ikBd ds chp gqvk gS] ;k dbZ larkuksa dk ikyu djus okys
xgjk vuqHko gksrk gSA bl :ikarj.k ds ,dleku vuqHko vkSj laLÑfr ijs'kku ekrk&firk }kjk mldh bruh mis{kk
lw=kèkkj ds :i esa] eq>s vPNh rjg irk gS Hkh gSaA ;s ikjLifjd :i ls lk>k dh tkrh gS fd mls ;gka rd fd igys uke
fd fdruh jsr mM+ xbZ gSA dh lkèkkj.k foykflrk Hkh ugha fey ikrh
lhf<+;ksa dh rjg fn[kus okys jkLrs ;k
fd, x, vuq H ko xgjk vFkZ cukrs gSA Vs<+s Fkkeh uke dks Hksaxk Fkkeh ds :i
lhf<+;ka cukus ds fy, ge viuh igkfM+;ksa gSa tks vudgk jgrk gS vkSj esa çLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu ,d
dks dkVrs gSaA bls ôsfndk Ñf"k ;k lh<+hnkj le>k fn;k tkrk gS A vuq o knd balku dks lacksfèkr djus ds fy, mldh
[ksrh* dgrs gSaA eSaus ges'kk dYiuk dh gS fd fdruk Hkh dq'ky D;ksa u gks] 'kkjhfjd foÑfr dk mi;ksx djus esa fufgr
ftl O;fDr us bls ;g uke fn;k gS] mlus lanHkZ ds fy, iwjh rjg ls ys[kd ykijokg] vèkZ&Lusgh voekuuk dh ijrsa
bls nwj ls ns[kk vkSj bl çdkj dk uke ns ij fuHkZj gksrk gSA T;knkrj èkhjs&èkhjs gV xb± gSaA blh rjg
fn;kA djhc ls tkusa rks ;s thounk;h {ks=k gSa dh leL;k ^ckLrs;* uked pfj=k ds lkFk
tgka ge pkoy] eDdk] nkysa] lfCt;ka] iQwy vkfn mxkrs gSaA usikyh mRiUu gksrh gS] tks Lo;a ^cklÙks* dk ladqpu gS ;k mlds fy,
esa] çR;sd lh<+h ds fy, ,d uke gS] ^xM+k*A lh<+h ds ckgjh fdukjs gS tks o"kZ 1962 esa iSnk gqvk FkkA vuqoknd ds :i esa] esjs ikl
dks ^duyk* dgrs gSa vkSj mldk Hkhrjh Nksj ^fHkV~Vk* dgykrk gS] ^ckLrs;* dks cuk, j[kus ds vykok dksbZ fodYi ugha gSA ysfdu
nhokj tks vxys pj.k ds duyk dk vkèkkj cukrh gSA pkoy dh blls fdlh lekt esa izpyu ds vuq:Ik ;fn fdlh ifjokj esa
[ksrh ds fy, cgqr vfèkd cgrs ikuh dh vko';drk gksrh gS vkSj brus vfèkd cPps gksa fd mudh igpku muds tUe ds o"kZ ls
gj dqN o"kks± esa lh<+h ds van:uh Nksj dks igkM+h dh <ky dh rjg gh gksrh gks rks ;g vFkZ iwjh rjg [kks tkrk gSA
dkVuk iM+rk gSA bl çfØ;k dks ^fHkV~BkfNYkuq* dgk tkrk gS] tks bu leL;kvksa ls fuiVus ds fy, ,d Lohdk;Z j.kuhfr ;g
dVko dh HkjikbZ djus rFkk jksi.k ds fy, vkSj vfèkd txg cukus gks ldrh gS fd lanHkZ dk vFkZ Li"V fd;k tk,A ys[kd] fy[kus
ds fy, gSA os flapkbZ pSuy tks igkfM+;ksa ls uhps dh vksj cgrs gSa] dh Hkk"kk pqurs le;] vius ikBdksa ds ckjs esa LokHkkfod èkkj.kk,a
NksVh ufn;ksa ls ikSèkksa dh tM+ksa rd ikuh ykrs gSa] dqyks dgykrs gSaA cukrk gSA os D;k tkurs gSa] os D;k le>rs gSa] vkSj os ikB] miikB
vaxzsth esa cgqr de ;k fcuk fdlh 'kCn ygj ds lkFk] bu 'kCnksa vkSj vFkZ dks fdruh vPNh rjg le>saxsA fdlh Jksrk fo'ks"k ds
dh O;k[;k djus esa vFkZ dks lVhd :i ls crk, fcuk ewy ikB fy, tks iwjh rjg ls Li"V gS og nwljs ds fy, vHks| gks ldrk gSA
dks csjgeh ls cM+k dj fn;k tkrk gSA cs'kd] ys[kd vkSj ikBd ds chp ,dleku vuqHko vkSj laLÑfr
igkM+h {ks=kksa esa vfèkdrj xzkeh.k ifjokj cM+s gksrs gSaA bldk Hkh gSaA ;s ikjLifjd :i ls lk>k fd, x, vuqHko xgjk vFkZ
,d dkj.k lk{kjrk dh deh gS] blfy, mudk ljy vkfFkZd cukrs gSa tks vudgk jgrk gS vkSj le>k fn;k tkrk gSA vuqoknd
rdZ gS& T;knk cPpksa dk eryc gS tehu dh tqrkbZ esa T;knk fdruk Hkh dq'ky D;ksa u gks] lanHkZ ds fy, iwjh rjg ls ys[kd
gkFkA gkykafd vc tSls&tSls Ñf"k ls brj vkthfodk ds vfèkd ij fuHkZj gksrk gSA
vkd"kZd lkèkuksa ij è;ku dsafær gks jgk gS] ;g lksp Hkh cny jgh nkftZfyax ds çR;sd ukxfjd ds fy, rqjar igpkuk tkus okyk
gSA vkerkSj ij] çR;sd cPps dks ?kjksa esa tkfrxr uke ls cqyk;k ^flvkihZ* 'kCn ftys ds ckgj ds fdlh Hkh O;fDr ds fy, vLi"V
tkrk gSA tUe ds Øe esa csVksa ds fy, ^tsBk] eSyk] lSuyk] dSuyk gSA ;g le>kus ds fy, iQqVuksV dk lgkjk ysuk pkfg, fd ;g
rFkk dkaNk* vkSj csfV;ksa ds fy, ^tsBh] eSyh] lSuyh] dSuyh vkSj dsaæh; fjtoZ iqfyl cy ds fy, LFkkuh; Hkk"kk gSA ;fn èkedh dk
dkaNh*A ftuds ikap ls vfèkd csVs vkSj csfV;ka gSa] muds fy, vuqokn ysa ftls nkftZfyax ds Bx bLrseky djrs gSa& Hkqxrku djsa]
vkSj Hkh uke gaSA tSls&tSls yksx cM+s gksrs gSa] ;s uke iDds gks os dg ldrs gSa] ;k eSa rqEgsa Ng bap de dj nwaxkA ;gka] xyr
tkrs gSa vkSj os vius leqnk;ksa esa vius dqy ;k dchys ds uke O;k[;k dks jksdus ds fy, ,d iQqVuksV dh vko';drk gSA Ng
vkSj vius tUe ds Øe ls tkus tkrs gSaA okLro esa] ;g lkekU; bap de djuk] flj dkVus ds fy, cksypky dh vfHkO;fDr gSA
eSa tc Hkh vuqokn djus ds fy, cSBrk gwa rks bl rjg dh vkRedFkk,a gksaxha] orZeku vkSj vrhr nksuksaA
dqN leL;k,a lkeus vkrh gSaA eq>s yxrk gS fd lHkh vuqokndksa ds gekjs tSls egRokdka{kh ns'k esa] iqLrdsa tks gesa nqcyk] eksVk]
fy, ,slk gh gksrk gksxk vkSj gesa muls fuiVus ds rjhds <wa<us gksaxsA gksf'k;kj] rst] etcwr] 'kkar] vfèkd vkè;kfRed rFkk xoZ djus
Hkkjr esa iqLrd çdk'ku m|ksx] fo'ks"k :i ls O;kikj çdk'ku] ;ksX; LFkku ;kuh 'kh"kZ ij fdlh vkSj ls igys igqapuk fl[kkrh
vikjn'khZ gSA if'pe esa etcwr cqd ,tsafVax dk mi&m|ksx Hkkjr esa gaSA ;g ,d cktkj gS] ftlesa ,d mPp çksiQkby vkSj ,d
cgqr NksVk gSA tc çdk'ku daifu;ka viuh mHkjrh gqbZ vkokt dks ,d cM+k xq.k ekuk
osclkbVksa ds ekè;e ls izLrqfr;ka vkeaf=kr vfèkd ls vfèkd laLFkkuksa dks tkrk gSaA fo'ks"k :i ls lkfgfR;d çdkj dh
djrh gSa] rks mUgsa viuk dke Hkstdj blesa 'kkfey gksuk pkfg,A dFkkvksa ij è;ku tkuk eqf'dy gSA vuqokn]
ikaMqfyfi dks ,d rst+ cgrh unh esa iQsadus lkoZtfud vkSj futh] nksuksa fdlh dkj.k ls] lkfgfR;d gksus dk iwokZHkkl
tSlk eglwl gks ldrk gSA ;g iwjh rjg ls fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa Hkk"kk foHkkx ds fnykrk gSA ,sls esa mUgsa nksgjk uqdlku gks
mudh Hkh xyrh ugha gSA Hkkjr esa vfèkdka'k jgk gSA
lkFk vuqc¼ vuqokn foHkkx gksus
çdk'ku daifu;kas] [kkldj muds laikndh; bldk eryc ;g ugha gS fd vuqokn
foHkkx esa de deZpkjh gksrs gSaA ;g lcls pkfg,a tks xzFa kksa dh igpku djus çdkf'kr ugha gksrs gSaA oks izdkf'kr gksrs gSaA
cM+h daifu;ksa ds fy, Hkh lp gSA ysfdu ds fy, lfØ; :i ls dke djsAa cM+s çdk'kd ds ikl vuqokn dh cM+h lwph
;g tkuus ls fdlh u, ys[kd ;k vuqoknd lkFk gh] fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks çf'k{k.k jgrh gS] gkykafd mldk cktkj Hkh de gks
dks tjk Hkh enn ugha feyrhA nsuk egRoiw.kZ gSA fMftVy Lisl jgk gSA bl fldqM+rs cktkj dks vfLrRo ds
fdlh Hkh vU; dkjksckj dh rjg dk vfèkd çHkkoh <ax ls mi;ksx ladV dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA
çdk'ku Hkh ,d O;olk; gSA fuoy ykHk ds vU; ç'u iqLrd çdk'ku ds vFkZ'kkL=k
djuk Hkh egRoiw.kZ gSA vkWuykbu
ncko dk eryc gS fd tksf[ke dh Hkw[k] tks dk gSA vius if'peh led{kksa ds foijhr]
igys gh cgqr vfèkd ugha gS] cgqr de gks iksVy Z ] vuqokn çnf'kZr djus ds Hkkjrh; çdk'kd 'kk;n gh dHkh vuqokndksa
xbZ gSA çdk'kd yxkrkj vxyh lcls vPNh fy, ,d çHkkoh eap çnku djrs dks muds dke ds fy, ,deq'r 'kqYd
pht dh ryk'k esa jgrs gSaA cM+k foØsrk gSAa www.rekhta.org mnwZ ys[ku ds nsrs gSaA T;knkrj ekeyksa esa] jkW;YVh ç.kkyh
O;olk; dks vfèkd ykHk dekus dh vksj fy, bls c[kwch çnf'kZr djrk gSA vuqokn ds ekeys esa mlh izdkj dke djrh
ys tk,xk vkSj vxyh cM+h pht lsfyfczVh gS tSls fd ;g fdlh vU; çdkj dh iqLrdksa
esaA jkW;YVh ç.kkyh ds rgr] doj ewY; dk dks blesa 'kkfey gksuk pkfg,A lkoZtfud vkSj
çfr'kr & 8 ls 10 çfr'kr ds chp gksrk Hkkjr esa vfèkdka'k çdk'ku futh nksuksa fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa Hkk"kk foHkkx ds
gS tks bl ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd iqLrd lkFk vuqc¼ vuqokn foHkkx gksus pkfg,a tks
daifu;kas [kkldj muds
isijcSd ;k gkMZcSd ds :i esa çdkf'kr xzaFkksa dh igpku djus ds fy, lfØ; :i ls
gqbZ gSA çdkf'kr dh tkus okyh iqLrdksa dh laikndh; foHkkx esa de dke djsaA lkFk gh] fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks çf'k{k.k
la[;k de ;kuh 1]500 ls 3]000 çfr;ksa ds deZ p kfj;ks a gks r s gS a A ;g lcls nsuk egRoiw.kZ gSA fMftVy Lisl dk vfèkd
chp jgrh gS vkSj dhersa Hkh de gksrh gSaA cM+h daifu;ksa ds fy, Hkh lp çHkkoh <ax ls mi;ksx djuk Hkh egRoiw.kZ
,est+kWu ij ns[ksa rks 'kk;n gh vkidks 899 gSA ysfdu ;g tkuus ls fdlh gSA vkWuykbu iksVZy] vuqokn çnf'kZr djus
#i;s ls vfèkd dher dh fdrkcsa feysaxh] u, ys[kd ;k vuqoknd dks tjk ds fy, ,d çHkkoh eap çnku djrs gSaA
c'krsZ fd og dksbZ vdknfed iqLrd u gksA www.rekhta.org mnwZ ys[ku ds fy, bls
Hkh enn ugha feyrhA
fyiQkiQs ds ihNs dh x.kuk vkidks crk,xh c[kwch çnf'kZr djrk gSA xzkso vVykafVd
fd ,d ys[kd viuh iqLrd ij fdruk ds vè;{k vkSj çdk'kd ekWxZu ,aVªsfdu
dekrk gSA ;fn dksbZ iqLrd csLVlsyj ugha cu ikrha rks og ekewyh }kjk 2015 esa 'kq: dh xbZ ,d nSfud lkfgfR;d osclkbV fyVjsjh
jde gh dek ikrk gSA vuqokn ds ekeys esa] ys[kd vkSj vuqoknd gc Hkh ,d mRÑ"V ekWMy gSA egRoiw.kZ :i ls] vuwfnr iqLrdksa
ds chp jkW;YVh lk>k dh tkrh gS] ftlls ;g jkf'k vkSj Hkh de dks Ldwy vkSj dkWyst ikB~;Øe esa vfèkd O;kid :i ls 'kq:
gks tkrh gSA fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
rks vuqokn D;ksa djsa\ n ewfrZ Dykfldy ykbczsjh vkWiQ bafM;k] vuqokn dk;Z nsus rFkk
,slh fujk'kk ds lkeus bl ç'u dk fo'ks"k egRo gSA mls izdkf'kr djus dk dke djrh gSA laHkor% bl rjg dh vkSj
eSa vuqokn dks vafre ikBd dh vuq'kalk ds :i esa lkspuk dkWjiksjsV laLFkkvksa dks fuos'k ds :i esa ugha] cfYd vuqnku ds :i
ilan djrk gwaA i<+uk ,d ,dkaroklh xfrfofèk gS ysfdu ,d ckj esa iwath yxkus ds fy, jkth fd;k tk ldrk gSA esjk n`<+ fo'okl
tc ge fdlh iqLrd dks iwjk i<+ ysrs gSa] vkSj vxj gesa ;g ilan gS fd ;fn vuqokndksa dks muds ç;klksa ds fy, leqfpr Hkqxrku
vkrh gS] rks lcls igys vius fe=k dks bls i<+us dh fliQkfj'k fd;k tk, rks gesa fofHkUu Hkk"kkvksa ls vkSj Hkh vfèkd rFkk T;knk
djrs gaSA vuqokn Hkh cl ;gh gSA ;g nqfu;k ls ;g dgus dk ,d xq.koÙkkiw.kZ vuwfnr jpuk,a fey ldrh gaSA
rjhdk gS fd eq>s ;g fdrkc ml Hkk"kk esa feyh ftls eSa tkurk gwa lkfgR; vdkneh us fiNys dqN o"kks± esa Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa ls
vkSj vki Hkh bldk mruk gh vkuan ysa ftruk eSaus fy;kA vaxzsth ds lkFk&lkFk fofHkUu Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa ds chp O;kid
,d ,dkaroklh vH;kl] vuqokn csgn larks"ktud Hkh gSA vuqokn dk;ks± dks çksRlkfgr fd;k gSA 24 Hkk"kkvksa esa fn;k tkus
tc eSa ys[kd ds bjkns] y; vkSj foHkfDr ds lcls djhc okyk lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj vkt Hkh ns'k ds lcls çfrf"Br
vkus dk iz;kl djrk gwa] rks eSa oSlk gh eglwl djrk gwa tSlk lkfgfR;d iqjLdkjksa esa ls ,d gSA bldk Hkkjr&O;kih usVodZ gS
fd ,d xf.krK fdlh tfVy leL;k dk lekèkku djrs le; vkSj bldk bfrgkl 1954 ls gSA vdkneh fo'kky ifjek.k esa jpuk
djrk gksxkA djus okyh laLFkk Hkh gSA bldh osclkbV crkrh gS fd ;g gj 19
gesa vuqokn vo'; djuk pkfg,A vuqokn nqfu;k ds fy, ?kaVs esa ,d iqLrd çdkf'kr djrh gSA gkykafd ;s fdrkcsa cktkj esa
f[kM+fd;ka [kksyrk gS] tks vU;Fkk ges'kk can jgsaxhA ;g laLÑfr;ksa viuh mifLFkfr ntZ ugha djk ikrh gSaA bl rjg ds usVodZ vkSj
vkSj yksxksa ds chp le> dk lsrq cukus ds volj çnku djrk leFkZu okyh ,tsalh fuf'pr :i ls viuh iqLrdksa dks çHkkoh <ax
gSA Hkkjr tSls ns'k esa tgka dbZ laLÑfr;kas dk laxe gS] ;g cgqr ls iSdst vkSj foi.ku djus ds fy, vkSj cgqr dqN dj ldrh
egRoiw.kZ gSA yksdfç; eq[;èkkjk dh dYiuk esa] iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr ,d gSA vuqokn vkSj vuqokndksa dks c<+kok nsus dk ,d vU; rjhdk
,dk'e gSA fiQj Hkh bl fudVorhZ {ks=k ds Hkhrj dbZ mi&jk"Vªh;rk,a Hkkjr dh fofHkUu Hkk"kkvksa esa okf"kZd vuqnku dh LFkkiuk djuk gS]
iuirh gSaA ,sfrgkfld :i ls] iwoksZÙkj ds yksxksa dh ;g f'kdk;r tks fdlh cM+h ifj;kstuk ds fy, foÙkh; vfuf'prrkvksa dks nwj
jgh gS fd êq[; Hkwfe* dk Hkkjr mUgsa le>rk ugha gSA mudh dj ldrk gSA
bl f'kdk;r dks nwj djus dk ,d rjhdk iwoksZÙkj dh Hkk"kkvksa ls lcls c<+dj] gesa tks djuk pkfg, og gS ftKklq cuukA viuh
vfèkd ls vfèkd vuqokn djuk gSA fo'ks"k :i ls mu Hkk"kkvksa ls nqfu;k ds ckjs esa] vius iM+ksfl;ksa ds ckjs esa] mu lkFkh&ukxfjdksa
vfèkd vuqokn djuk gS ftudk vfèkd çfrfufèkRo ugha gS tSls ds ckjs esa tkuus dh ftKklk gksuk t:jh gS ftuds lkFk ge vius
fd usikyh] cksMks] dqdh] fet+ks] dksdcksjksd] esbrh vkSj vU;A blh ns'k esa jgrs gSaA bu o"kks± esa] geus cgqr dqN lkspk gS fd Hkkjr
rjg] vU; Hkk"kkvksa dh vfèkd ls vfèkd lkexzh dk bu Hkk"kkvksa Hkk"kkvksa] laLÑfr;ksa vkSj yksxksa ds ckjs esa ge fHkUu&fHkUu fopkjksa
esa Hkh vuqokn gksuk pkfg,A ij ppkZ dh fLFkfr esa gSaA ;fn ge vuqokn }kjk çnku dh tkus
rks vkxs dk jkLrk D;k gS\ eq>s ugha yxrk fd vuqokn ds okyh f[kM+fd;ksa dks ns[kus esa #fp ugha j[krs ;kuh fo'o dks
vuqdwy O;oLFkk dks fodflr djus ds fy, dsoy çdk'ku cktkj le>us ds ekè;e ds :i esa bls ugha ns[krs rks ge okLro esa
ij fuHkZj gksuk ,d O;kogkfjd ;kstuk gSA vfèkd ls vfèkd laLFkkuksa ,d ugha cu ldrs gSaA n

YH-1593/2021

y;&rky
fo'ks"k vkys[k
lqjksa dh eèkqj fofoèkrk

fct; 'kadj cksjk
Hkkjr dk iwoksZÙkj {ks=k lSdM+ksa tkrh; lewgksa dk feyu&LFky gS] lkaLÑfrd iqQyokjh gSA vle]
v#.kkpy çns'k] uxkySaM] ef.kiqj] es?kky;] fet+ksje] f=kiqjk vkSj flfDde jkT;ksa okys bl {ks=k dks
vusd foèkkvksa vkSj jaxrksa okyh laxhr&ygfj;ka ,dtqV djrh gSaA bl laxhr esa èkquksa] y;&rky vkSj
xhrksa dh fofoèkrk gSA ;gka dk Ñf"k&çèkku tutkrh; thou uhykHk igkfM+;ksa vkSj papy ufn;ksa dh
gjh&Hkjh okfn;ksa osQ chp clrk gSA
iw oksZÙkj Hkkjr osQ yksd] 'kkÐh;] jkWd vkSj ledkyhu

laxhr dh vuwBh 'kSfy;ksa us Hkkjr osQ laxhr ifjn`'; esa
egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku fn;k gSA
ckgj fudky dj ns'k&fons'k rd igqapk fn;kA MkW gtkfjdk osQ
xhr&laxhr us fiQYeksa vkSj jsfM;ks osQ tfj;s vle osQ laxhr&m|ksx
dk foLrkj fd;kA muosQ NksVs HkkbZ t;ar gtkfjdk us 1970 osQ
vle n'kd esa vle osQ laxhr dks iwjh rjg ik'pkR; èkquksa esa <kyus
vle bl {ks=k dk lcls vfèkd tula[;k okyk jkT; gSA esa vxz.kh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA
vius le`¼ bfrgkl] ,d gt+kj lky iqjkuh yksd laxhr ijaijk] bl nkSj osQ vU; Js’ laxhrdkjksa esa •xsu egark] cztsu c#vk]
ikap lkS lky iqjkuh fyf•r xhr&ukV~; ijaijk vkSj rhu lkS lky nhikyh cksM+BkoqQj] gsear nÙkk] T;ksfr"k HkV~Vkpk;Z] iqyksd cuthZ]
iqjkuh 'kkÐh; u`R; ijaijk osQ lkFk vle iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr dh laxhr oqQyk c#vk vkSj thrw&riu vkfn 'kkfey gSaA
ijaijk esa vxz.kh gSA chloha 'krkCnh osQ mÙkjkèkZ esa] laxhr osQ ifjn`'; esa rktxh Hkjk
vle dh vkèkqfud laxhr ijaijk 1883 ls 'kq: gksrh gS tc ,d u;k nkSj 'kq: gqvkA bl nkSj esa] bl {ks=k esa mPp VsDuksykWth
lR;ukFk cksjk us vlfe;k xhrksa dh igyh iqLrd ^xhrkcyh* çdkf'kr vkSj fMftVy laxhr dh 'kq#vkr gqbZA çfrf’r xk;d vkSj laxhrdkj
dhA chloha 'krkCnh osQ çkjEHk esa vafcdk fxfj jk;pkSèkqjh (tUe% thrwy lksuksoy us bl #>ku dks fn'kk nhA 1990 osQ n'kd esa
1885) us jk‘ªh; Hkkoukvksa ls vksr&çksr laxhr&jpukvksa ls vle osQ cgqeq•h çfrHkk&lEiÂ tqchu xxZ osQ ,yce ^vukfedk* us vle
vkèkqfud laxhr esa Økafrdkjh #>ku dk çkjEHk fd;kA T;ksfrçlkn
vxjokyk (1903&1951)] ikoZrh çlkn c#vk (1904&1964)
vkSj fc".kq çlkn jkHkk (1909&1969) tSlh foHkwfr;ksa us vle dh
czãiq=k ?kkVh esa vkèkqfud laxhr dk viuk fof'k‘ ?kjkuk çkjEHk
fd;kA T;ksfrçlkn th us gh bl {ks=k esa vkèkqfud laxhr dh uhao
j•h vkSj fiQYeksa dks ,d m|ksx dh rjg pykus dh 'kq#vkr dhA
vn~Hkqr çfrHkk'kkyh MkW Hkwisu gtkfjdk (tUe%1926) osQ vkxeu
osQ lkFk gh vle osQ laxhr m|ksx dk lcls xkSjo'kkyh vè;k;
çkjEHk gqvkA 1980 osQ n'kd rd og vle osQ laxhr&f{kfrt ij
Nk, jgs vkSj muosQ xhr vle osQ igkM+ksa&?kkfV;ksa esa xwatrs gq,
lc dk eu eksgrs jgsA MkW gtkfjdk osQ laxhr dh uwru 'kSyh
vkSj jk‘ªh; Hkkoukvksa rFkk ik'pkR; èkquksa lfgr vkèkqfud laxhr
esa jps&cls muosQ xhrksa us vle osQ laxhr dks jkT; dh lhek ls
ys•d ofj’ i=kdkj gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

osQ laxhr&{ks=k esa èkwe epk nhA 1992 ls vkt
rd tqchu laxhr&çsfe;ksa osQ fnyksa dh èkM+du
cus gq, gSaA mUgksaus u osQoy ik'pkR; vkSj
LFkkuh; laxhr dk Ý;wtu fd;k] cfYd vle
osQ ijaijkxr xhr&laxhr dks iquthZfor djus
esa ;ksxnku fn;kA
tqchu osQ ledkyhu yksdfç; xk;d&
laxhrdkjksa esa rjkyh 'kekZ vkSj vaxjkx (isiksu)
egark 'kkfey gSaA isiksu laxhr&txr osQ rsth
ls mHkjrs dykdkj gSaA mUgksaus] u;k ç;ksx
djrs gq,] yksd laxhr vkSj bysDVªkWfud laxhr
dks feyk dj ,d ubZ 'kSyh& îQksDVªksfudk*
fodflr dhA laxhr dk ;g pj.k oS'ohdj.k
ls çHkkfor gSA yksdfç; vleh xk;d& laxhrdkj tkW; c#vk osQ vle us Hkkjrh; fiQYe m|ksx dks Js’ lkmaM bathfu;j ve`r
laxhr dks dkUl fiQYe lekjksg esa ^loZJs’ lkmaMVªSd* osQ iqjLdkj çhre dks fn;k gSA Js’ fiQYe laxhr Ldksjj vkSj funZs'kd vuqjkx
ls lEekfur ,fues'ku fiQYe îsQaVslh vkWiQ oaQisfu;uf'ki fcVohu lSfd;k Hkh vle ls gh gSaA
áweu ,aM bukfuesV* osQ laxhr esa 'kkfey fd;k x;kA 45 o"khZ; ve`r çhre xqokgkVh osQ MkW Hkwisu gtkfjdk fiQYe
bl chp] jkT; esa oqQN jkWd cSaM Hkh yksdfç; gks jgs gSaA ,aM Vsyhfot+u baLVhV~;wV ls çf'kf{kr gSaA LyeMkWx fefy;us;j] dy
^Y;wflM jhlsl* xqokgkVh dk ,d vkYVjusfVo eSVy jkWd cSaM gSA gks uk gks] yo lksfu;k] dkfcy] foyst jkWdLVklZ] C;wVhiqQy VkbEl]
nks Hkkb;ksa & fl¼kFkZ vkSj vferkHk c#vk }kjk 2004 esa cuk;k x;k b'kw] eSu fon fn ckbuksoqQyj] jsucks vkSj dksVZ fiQYeksa dk lkmaMLosQi
;g cSaM Hkkjr osQ lcls vPNs eSVy cSaMksa esa ekuk tkrk gSA xqokgkVh rS;kj djosQ mUgksaus Hkkjrh; fiQYe m|ksx esa viuh vyx igpku
dk ;g lcls 'kkunkj eSVy cSaM gSA blus 2011 esa ^VksVks vokMZ cukbZ gSA ve`r çhre us jlwy iwoqQV~Vh osQ lkFk dke fd;k gS vkSj
iQkWj E;wftd* thrkA vle osQ vU; çeq• jkWd cSaM gSa & ,LosQi og vosQMeh vkWiQ eks'ku fiDplZ ,aM lkbUlst osQ lnL; gSaA
osyksflVh] gqoksjksuh] lsysfLV;y Mwe] frijklk vkSj jaikt+hA vuqjkx lSfd;k (mez% 32 o"kZ) us psÂbZ dh Lo.kZHkwfe vosQMeh
cSaM vkWiQ gjhosQu xkYl xqokgkVh dk ,d vkYVjusfVo@Cywt+@ vkWiQ E;wftd ls çf'kf{kr gSaA bl le; og vle vkSj ckWyhoqM
ckWyhoqM@Ý;wtu@baMh@tkt+@eSVy@jkWd cSaM gSA eeksuh dkfyrk (çeq• osQ lEekfur laxhrdkj ekus tkrs gSaA jk‘ªh; fiQYe iqjLdkj &jtr
xk;d] laxhrdkj vkSj funZs'kd) vkSj vkjtw csxe (Mªej) osQ ç;klksa dey ikus okys og lcls de mez osQ laxhrdkj gSa tks mUgsa
ls 2010 esa bl cSaM dh LFkkiuk gqbZA ;g cSaM ikjaifjd vleh ok|ksa& xSj&iQhpj fiQYe ^;qxn`‘k* osQ fy, çnku fd;k x;kA mUgksaus vusd
tSls uxkM+k] <ksy vkSj Mksrkjk osQ lkFk fxVkj] dhcksM~lZ] Mªe lsV~l fiQYeksa osQ fy, laxhr fn;k gSA vle osQ 'kkÐh; HkfDr&xhrksa&
vkSj oqQN vkèkqfud rkyok|ksa dk bLrseky djrs gSaA ^cksjxhr* dks flaiQksfud vkWdZsLVªk ls tksM+us osQ ç;kl osQ fy, mUgsa
flclkxj osQ 19&o"khZ; laxhrdkj rUe; fØIVksu {ks=k osQ cM+h ç'kalk feyhA
fjÁ ,aM Cywt+ (vkj,aMch) laxhr osQ lkFk ç;ksx djus okys es?kky;
çkjfEHkd laxhrdkjksa esa ,d gSaA mudh ,d rktk jpuk ^vyduank* es?kky; esa cgqla[;d vkcknh bZlkbZ gS vkSj xksLisy xk;u ogka
dks ;w V~;wc ij 30 yk• ls T;knk Ô;w* feys gSaA mudh vU; ges ' kk ls thou dk fgLlk gSA èkhjs&èkhjs ;g laxhr fxjtk?kjksa ls
laxhr&jpuk,a Hkh vusd IysViQkWeks± ij cgqr yksdfç; gSaA 'kaoqQjkt laxhr osQ eapksa rd vk x;kA bl lqanj igkM+h jkT; esa laxhr osQ
oqQaoj vkSj eS=ks;h ikrj dh jpuk ^çkstsDV ckrkZyki* dks Hkh vPNh eap osQ ckn'kkg jgs gSa yksm ektko] tks vc ,d foaQonrh cu x,
liQyrk feyh gSA gSa vkSj dbZ ihf<+;ksa dk euksjatu djrs jgs gSaA
oqQynhi] ftudk eaph; uke ôwQy&Mh vle bl {ks = k dk lcls vfèkd f'kykax psEcj dkW;j (,llhlh) 2001
gS] pfpZr jSi vkfVZLV gSaA muosQ VªSd ^t+ks: tula [ ;k okyk jkT; gS A vius es a uhy uksaxfdufjg }kjk LFkkfir fd;k x;kA
euqg* dks 50 yk• Ô;w* feys gSa vkSj ;g le`¼ bfrgkl] ,d gt+kj lky fofoèkrkiw.kZ xk;u&oknu okys bl xzqi dks
flyflyk yxkrkj c<+ jgk gSA iqjkuh yksd laxhr ijaijk] 2010 esa ^bafM;kt+ xkWV VsysaV* fj;fyVh Vhoh
xk;d 'kaoqQjkt oqQaoj dks FkkbySaM] usiky] ikap lkS lky iqjkuh fyf•r 'kks esa iqjLdkj feykA blh o"kZ bl dkW;j
teZuh] vesfjdk] ckaXykns'k] bUMksusf'k;k vkSj xhr&ukV~; ijaijk vkSj rhu lkS dks NVs oYMZ dkW;j xsEl esa E;wftdk lkØk]
phu ls vPNh çfrfØ;k,a fey jgh gSaA Hkkjr lky iqjkuh 'kkÐh; u`R; ijaijk xksLisy vkSj yksdfç; laxhr oxks± esa Lo.kZ
osQ fofHkÂ jkT;ksa esa Hkh og yksdfç; gSaA mUgsa osQ lkFk vle iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr dh ind feysA
vius laxhr dks vaxzsth Hkk"kk esa <kyus osQ bl xzqi us vesfjdk osQ rRdkyhu
Hkh vuqjksèk fey jgs gSaA
laxhr ijaijk esa vxz.kh gSA jk‘ªifr cjkd vksckek vkSj fe'ksy vksckek
uxkySaM
uxkySaM esa 2020 esa vkykscks uxk cSaM 'kq: gqvkA jkT; osQ
vU; çeq• cSaMksa esa esyksMªkek] lqusi] vlsacy cSaM] bUlhfiV]
Øksfud] bZLVuZ gkV~t] VªkstUl] Cyw Dyksoj cSaM vkSj fMokbu
dusDlu 'kkfey gSaA
VsfRlvks flLVlZ uxk fgYl dh pkj laxhrdkj cguksa &
eqRlsosyq (elhZ)] vthu osftoksyq (vkt+h)] oqQosyq (owQowQ) vkSj
vyhu VsfRlvks (yqyw) dk cSaM gSA bUgsa yksdxhr xkus esa egkjr
gkfly gSA ;s çk;% ,d rkj okyk ikjaifjd uxk ok| & rkVh@gsdk
dh jktdh; ;k=kk osQ nkSjku jk‘ªifr Hkou esa Hkh viuh dyk dk fycqg ctkrh gSaA bu cguksa us fiNys fnuksa fnYyh esa ^feDl fn
çn'kZu fd;kA flVh* lkmaMi+QsLV esa çLrqfr nhA bldk vk;kstu fczfV'k dkmafly us
bl eaMyh osQ xk;u&oknu esa cM+h fofoèkrk gSA tgka fd;k FkkA VsfRlvks cguksa us cgqr de mez esa laxhr dh çLrqfr;ka
bUgksaus fo,uk psEcj vkWdZsLVªk vkSj fiQV~t+ fofy;e DokVZsV osQ nsuh 'kq: dj nh FkhaA xksLisy] jkWd vkSj ikWi dh yksdfç;rk osQ nkSj
lkFk çLrqfr;ka nh gSa] ogha ^dkSu cusxk esa] bu cguksa us yksd laxhr dks viuk;kA
djksM+ifr* osQ lhtu 6 esa mn~?kkVu lekjksg f'kykax dks Hkkjr dh ^jkWd ef.kiqj
esa vferkHk cPpu osQ lkFk Hkh viuk oSQfiVy* dgk tkrk gSA ;gka ef.kiqj osQ ^Dyho* jkWd cSaM osQ
tyok fn•k;kA 'kadj ,g'kku yks; vkSj Hkkjr dk lcls liQy Cyw cSaM çfrHkk'kkyh lnL; iwjh nqfu;k osQ yksxksa dk
m"kk mRFki osQ lkFk Hkh bUgksaus çLrqfr;ka &lksyesV Hkh gSA ;g Hkkjr dk vkg~oku djrs gSa fd os vkèkqfud lekt
nh gSaA budk 2011 dk fØlel ,Yce ,dek=k Cyw cSaM gS ftlus Hkkjr dh cqjkb;ksa dks u‘ (vaxzsth 'kCn ^Dyho*
xSj&flusekbZ laxhr esa ns'k esa lcls T;knk
dk varjkZ‘ªh; Lrj ij çfrfufèkRo dk vFkZ) dj nsa vkSj bl cSaM dh ekSfyd
fcdus okyk ,Yce FkkA laxhr&Ñfr;ksa dk Hkkjh eSVy okys cqyan
f'kykax dk îQksFkZ ,yhesaV* cSaM
fd;k gSA iwoksZÙkj osQ bl cSaM dk laxhr dk vkuan ysaA bu çfrHkk'kkyh
CySaM~l iaQd] t+kt] vkj*,u*ch vkSj usr`Ro tkus&ekus fxVkj&oknd] laxhrdkjksa dk nkok gS fd ;g laxhr vkidks
lksy & pkjksa 'kSfy;ksa dk feyk&tqyk xk;d vkSj xhrdkj :Mh okykax ea=keqXèk dj nsxk_ ckj] 'krZ ;g gS fd vki
xhr&laxhr çLrqr djrs gSaA mUgksaus vkSj xkf;dk frijhfr •jcaxkj u'khys inkFkks± dk lsou u dj jgs gksa vkSj
ns'k&fons'k esa vusd çLrqfr;ka nh gSaA bl djrs gSaA f'kykax dk ,d vU; vU;k; dh rkdrksa osQ lkFk u gksaA ;g cSaM
cSaM us fu'kfoys tkt isQfLVoy&2019 jkWd cSaM ^,csjsaV* gSA bls es?kky; viuh ekSfyd laxhr&Ñfr;ksa dks ^çksxzsflo
(lfcZ;k)] csyht bUVjus'kuy tkt esa jkWd laxhr çfr;ksfxrk esa lsDywtu eSVy* dgrs gSaA
iSQfLVoy&2018] fiQfyihu bUVjus'kuy ês?kky; vkbdkWu III* çnku ef.kiqj esa Js’ laxhr&çLrqfr;ksa okys
tkt iSQfLVoy&2015 (euhyk)] tktekaMw vusd u, cSaM mHkj jgs gSaA buesa LVSfiax
fd;k x;kA
iSQfLVoy&2013 (dkBekaMw)] ukWFkZ bZLV LVksu] fjlkbfdy] flXul] MSty flVh vkSj
bafM;k iSQfLVoy&2019 (csadkd)] fnYyh bUVjus'kuy tkt vatsfydk çeq• gSaA
iSQfLVoy&2016] gSnjkckn bUVjus'kuy tkt iSQfLVoy&2019 ekaXdk e;axyacke ef.kiqjh yksd] 'kkÐh; vkSj ledkyhu
rFkk lkmFk ,f'k;u cSaM~l iSQfLVoy&2010 (nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ laxhr&çLrksrk vkSj isuk&oknd gSaA viuh 'kkunkj çLrqfr;ksa ls og
{ks=kh; lg;ksx laxBu & ^lkdZ* }kjk vk;ksftr) esa fgLlk fy;kA ef.kiqjh yksd&laxhr dks yksdfç; cuk jgh gSaA
bl cSaM us flax tkt Dyc (flaxkiqj) esa 2015 esa vkSj rqyqe
(eSfDldks) esa 2018 esa Hkh fgLlk fy;kA
f'kykax dks Hkkjr dh ^jkWd oSQfiVy* dgk tkrk gSA ;gka Hkkjr
dk lcls liQy Cyw cSaM&lksyesV Hkh gSA ;g Hkkjr dk ,dek=k
Cyw cSaM gS ftlus Hkkjr dk varjkZ‘ªh; Lrj ij çfrfufèkRo fd;k
gSA iwoksZÙkj osQ bl cSaM dk usr`Ro tkus&ekus fxVkj&oknd] xk;d
vkSj xhrdkj :Mh okykax vkSj xkf;dk frijhfr •jcaxkj djrs gSaA
f'kykax dk ,d vU; jkWd cSaM ^,csjsaV* gSA bls es?kky; esa jkWd
laxhr çfr;ksfxrk esa ês?kky; vkbdkWu III* çnku fd;k x;kA
es?kky; osQ çeq• jkWd csaM+ksa esa Iysx FkzkSV] esÐks] ,csjsaV] fn tklZ]
vkbZ 2 vkbZ] oClZ] MksllZ vtZ] ,IykVl vkfn gSaA ,IykVl osQoy
yM+fd;ksa okyk ,dek=k cSaM gSA
;qeysecke xkafHkuhnsoh ef.kiqj dh pfpZr vusd jk‘ªh;&varjkZ‘ªh; vk;kstuksa esa igyk
u`R;kaxuk vkSj xkf;dk gSAa vkdk'kok.kh dh ;qeysecke xkafHkuhnsoh ef.kiqj ;k nwljk iqjLdkj feyk gSA bu vk;kstuksa esa
^loZJs’* oxZ dh ekU;rk (xzsM) ikus okyh
dh pfpZr u`R;kaxuk vkSj xkf;dk xzsV bafM;u jkWd] gksuZfcy us'kuy jkWd rFkk
og ef.kiqj dh çFke dykdkj gSaA mUgsa dbZ vkbZvkbZVh rFkk ,uvkbZVh esa gq, lekjksg
2008 esa uV ladhrZu laxhr osQ fy, ;g
gSaA vkdk'kok.kh dh ^loZJs’* 'kkfey gSaA budk ,Yce ^ykbiQ fc;ksaM MSFk*
xzsM feykA mUgsa u`R; vkSj xk;u esa mudh oxZ dh ekU;rk (xzsM) ikus jkWd laxhr osQ u, vk;ke •ksyrk gS vkSj
miyfCèk;ksa osQ fy, Hkkjr ljdkj us mUgsa okyh og ef.kiqj dh çFke lHkh jkWd laxhr&çsfe;ksa dks ubZ n`f‘ nsus
2005 esa îÁJh* ls lEekfur fd;kA uV dykdkj gSaA mUgsa 2008 esa uV okyk gSA
ladhrZu laxhr esa mudh miyfCèk;ksa osQ fy,] ladhrZu laxhr osQ fy, ;g xzsM ^fn pkstu* vkbt+kWy dh N~g çfrHkk'kkyh
mUgsa 1988 esa laxhr ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj feykA mUgsa u`R; vkSj xk;u esa vkSj mRlkgh yM+fd;ksa dk xksLisy cSaM gSA
Hkh fn;k x;kA mudh miyfCèk;ksa osQ fy, Hkkjr vusd lk>k çLrqfr;ksa osQ ckn bu yM+fd;ksa
fet+ksje ljdkj us mUgsa 2005 esa îÁJh* us 2009 esa ;g cSaM cuk;kA viuh igyh nks
vkbt+kWy osQ ikap csfelky yM+dksa dk
ls lEekfur fd;kA uV ladhrZu çLrqfr;ksa & ^czksdu foaXl* vkSj ^dku iQkd
cwejSax cSaM 'kkunkj çn'kZu dj jgk gSA buosQ vk ps* ls ;g cSaM pfpZr gks x;kA bl cSaM
laxhr ds izokg dks c<+kus okys lw=kèkkj nks
laxhr esa mudh miyfCèk;ksa osQ dh N~g lnL; gSa & lsuh (fxVkj&okfndk)]
ft+ankfny yq'kku (fet+ks) oknd gSa tks Ng fy,] mUgsa 1988 esa laxhr ukVd fiQvksuk (xkf;dk)] ekforsbZ (xkf;dk)]
rkjksa okys ok| ls eSVy] fgi&gkSi] tkt] vdkneh iqjLdkj Hkh fn;k x;kA tksbZ (ckflLV)] visQyh (Mªej)] eylkoeh
iaQd] iad vkSj jkWd èkqusa ctkrs gSaA ;s vius (dhcksfMZLV)A
vki dks ^tad jkWd* dgk tkuk ilan djrs gSaA bl cSaM us vusd ^fn ,iYl* yM+fd;ksa dk èkwe&èkM+kosQ okyk jkWd ,aM jkWy cSaM
jk‘ªh; vkSj varjkZ‘ªh; lewgksa osQ lkFk çLrqfr nh gS ftuesa LdkWV gS tks 2007 esa cukA jsVªks jkWd LVkby okyh pqycqyh fxVkj&okfndk
fdUls cSaM] ySac vkWiQ xkWM] baVªksu vkmV] i+Qk;jgkml] ifjØek] tksfM+Uxfy;kuh bl cSaM dh çeq• gSaA cSaM dh vU; lnL; gSa&
isaVkxzke vkfn 'kkfey gSaA bUgsa fotsrk vFkok mifotsrk osQ :i tkstks (xkf;dk)] name missing (Mªej)] vi+Qkdh (ckflLV)
esa vusd lekjksgksa esa iqjLdkj feys vkSj fMaxfMaxh (fxVkj&okfndk)A
gSaA bu iqjLdkjksa esa uksfd;k ykWM~lZ mUgksaus 1950 osQ n'kd dh yksdfç;
vkWiQ E;wftd] bafMisaMsaV jkWd vkSj laxhr&jpuk ^LVqfiM D;wfiM* dk
vkbZvkbZVh] eqacbZ rFkk ,uvkbZVh] fet+ks laLdj.k Hkh cuk;k ftlls
flYpj esa gq, vk;kstu 'kkfey gSaA mudh yksdfç;rk dkiQh c<+ xbZA
vkbt+kWy osQ ikap yM+dksa us ^LoSQosatj çkstsDV* dk fopkj
2005 esa êSxMkysu* fØf'p;u jkWd lcls igys foDVj osQ eu esa vk;k
cSaM cuk;kA bl cSaM us jkWd foèkk esa tks igys çfl¼ êSxMkysu* cSaM esa
dkiQh u, ç;ksx fd, gSaA bUgsa Hkh fxVkj&oknd FksA bl cSaM esa ^FkMZ
flfDde
fl fDde esa rhu tkrh; leqnk; gSa& ysIpk] HkwfV;k vkSj usikyhA buosQ
yksdxhr vkSj yksdu`R; LFkkuh; laLÑfr esa jps&cls gSaA bu u`R;ksa vkSj
laxhr esa çkÑfrd lkSan;Z vkSj iQly dkVus dk mYykl fufgr gksrk gSA bl
Mªe] ckalqjh vkSj ;kaxthok|ksa osQ lkFk ;g eèkqj èkquksa vkSj laxhr okyk u`R;
fd;k tkrk gSA
ghjk nsoh okbck (1940&2011) usikyh xhrksa vkSj ^rekaxlsyks* u`R; osQ
xhr&laxhr esa lkSHkkX; vkSj le`f¼ dh dkeuk Hkh gksrh gSA oqQN çeq• laxhr lkFk x, tkus okys xhrksa dh vxz.kh efgyk ekuk tkrk gSA mudk xk;k ^pqjk
vkSj yksd&u`R; bl çdkj gSa & jkgksbukvLrqjk*] ^rekaxlsyks* u`R; ls tqM+k çFke fjdkWMZsM xhr ekuk tkrk gSA
usikyh yksd&u`R; ê#.kh* bl leqnk; osQ lcls çkphu vkSj yksdfç; og ,slh igyh usikyh yksd&xkf;dk jgha ftuosQ laxhr osQ ,Yce (1974 vkSj
lewg&u`R;ksa esa ,d gSA ;g çk;% rhu&rhu iq#"k urZdksa vkSj Ðh urZfd;ksa }kjk 1978 esa) ,Yce cusA og vkdk'kok.kh dh ,dek=k usikyh xzsM , yksdxkf;dk
fd;k tkrk gSA buosQ lkFk çk;% ,d fonw"kd ^èkkrw okjs* Hkh gksrk gSA dHkh FkhaA mUgsa Hkkjr esa rFkk usiky ljdkj dh vksj ls Hkh vusd iqjLdkj feysA muosQ
dHkh bl u`R; esa 9 urZd&urZdh Hkh gksrs gSaA buosQ lkFk osQ ok|&oàn dks fuèku osQ ckn mudh csVh vkSj csVs us muosQ oqQN xhrksa dks nqckjk fjdkWMZ dj
ûkS&efr cktk* dgrs gSaA ^vkek ykbZ J¼katfy* (eka dks J¼katfy) ,Yce rS;kj fd;kA
rekax leqnk; dk ^rekaxlsyks* yksd&u`R; ^èkEiw* uke osQ ckts dh y; lksueR'ksfjaxysIpk (1928&2020) çeq• ysIpk yksd xk;d FksA
esa lEiÂ fd;k tkrk gSA blfy, bls ^èkEiw* u`R; Hkh dgrs gSaA vkdk'kok.kh osQ fy, xkus okys] og flfDde osQ çkjafHkd xk;dksa esa ,d FksA
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ vU; jkT;ksa dh rjg flfDde esa Hkh ik'pkR; laxhr osQ mUgksaus 400 ls vfèkd xhr xk,] 102 yksd&u`R;ksa vkSj 10 u`R;&ukfVdkvksa
fofoèk :i & fgigkWi] osQ ikWi vkSj jSi vkfn cgqr yksdfç; gSaA dk la;kstu fd;kA mUgsa iÁJh vyadj.k vkSj laxhr ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj
HkwfV;k yksd&u`R; ^rk'khlkCnks* Hkh çkphu u`R; gSA 'kqHk voljksa ij fd, lfgr vusd lEeku çkIr gq,A
tkus okys bl yfyr u`R; esa ^•M+k* (LdkiQZ) vfiZr fd, tkrk gSaA ;•kZ] Ïksr % https://www.sikkimtourism.gov.in/, fodhihfM;k

lksosju* fe'ksy ,e- lkbyks vk, tks laxhr dh èkqusa cukus vkSj xhr xkf;dk vkSj dhcksMZ&Iys;j psfj;u ckdZ gSA feFkh rkVd Mªe ctkrh
fy•us esa fl¼gLr gSaA og vius laxhr dks ^bysDVªks&jkWd çksxzsflo* gSaA feue rsdlsax ckl fxVkj ctrh gSa vkSj cSaM ftuh fxVkj&okfndk
cukuk pkgrs gSa] ftlesa bysDVªksfud] çksxzsflo jkWd] fgi gkWi vkSj vkSj xkf;dk gSaA bUgksaus iQjojh 2010 esa viuk xzqi cuk;k vkSj
esVy dk feJ.k gSA eq[;r% iksLV&iad jkWd laxhr ij è;ku osQfUær fd;kA budk igyk
yanu esa tkslsiQ vkSj MSuh dh 2010 esa yanu esa dkeMsu Vkmu ,Yce ^fOgEl* FkkA varjkZ‘ªh; Lrj ij tkjh budk igyk xhr ^jsMh]
esa eqykd+kr gqbZA Hkkjr ykSV dj mUgksaus nks cSaMokndksa & vaxw vkSj lsV] xks* 2004 esa tkjh gqvkA
osysafVuks ls ckrphr vkxs c<+kbZA bu lcus feydj ^fÚLdh fiaV~l* f=kiqjk
cSaM dh 'kq#vkr dhA f=kiqjk ds yksx ges'kk ls laxhr ls vkil esa tqM+s gksrs gSaA gj
bUgksaus Hkkjr esa vusd vk;kstuksa esa çLrqfr;ka nh gSaA buesa yh R;kSgkj vkSj vk;kstu yksxksa dks volj osQ vuq:i xkus&ctkus dk
jksukYMks ,aM fn MLV (lksfud ;wFk vkWiQ ;w,l,)] fn lsou flLVlZ eap çnku djrs gSaA
jkWd iSQfLVoy] fn bafM;u ckbd ohd] U;w oso iSQfLVoy xksvk lfpu nso ceZu (1 vDrwcj 1906 & 31 vDrwcj 1975) f=kiqjk
vkfn 'kkfey gSaA bUgksaus ^gkMZ jkWd jkbftax* tSlh çfr;ksfxrkvksa esa osQ jkt&ifjokj ls FksA mUgksua s 1937 esa viuk fiQYeh liQj 'kq:
Hkh Hkkx fy;k vkSj jk‘ªh; Lrj dh çfr;ksfxrk rFkk vkWu&ykbu fd;kA ckn esa mUgksua s fgUnh fiQYeksa osQ fy, laxhr nsuk 'kq: fd;k vkSj
oksfVax flLVe thrrs gq, ^VkWi 25 oYMZokbM* esa txg ikbZA bl ckWyhoqM osQ liQyre vkSj lcls lEekfur laxhrdkjksa esa 'kkfey gq,A
Lrj rd igqapus okyk ;g igyk Hkkjrh; cSaM FkkA bl cSaM dks mn; 1980 vkSj 1990 osQ n'kd esa] fcey nsccekZ us LFkkuh;
csusxy (baMl ØhM+) us ,eVhoh ij ^jscu usoj gkbM lkmaM lhjht* ;qokvksa osQ tqM+ko osQ vuq:i xhrksa vkSj laxhr dh jpuk dhA mUgksaus
osQ fgLls osQ :i esa 'kkfey djus osQ fy, pqu fy;kA bl cSaM us f=kiqjk osQ laxhr dks u;k :i fn;kA muosQ xhrksa esa jksekal] ns'kçse
^duolZ jksM Vq jcj* çfr;ksfxrk dk fnYyh pj.k Hkh thrkA bl cSaM vkSj jktuhfr ls eksgHkax osQ Loj gSaA mudk 14 vçSy 2021 dks
dks ^jksfyax LVksu eSxthu* us 2013 dh lcls csgrj mHkjrh çLrqfr fuèku gks x;kA
osQ fy, ukekafdr fd;k x;kA ,eVhoh baMht us bls ^LVkj gksus dh fcey nsccekZ us viuh laxhr&;k=kk 1980 osQ n'kd esa rc
laHkkouk okys 10 vR;ar çfrHkk'kkyh ;qok cSaM+ksa* esa 'kkfey fd;kA 'kq: dh tc dksdcksjkd (f=kiqjk dh eq[; tutkrh; cksyh) dk
^txjukSV* Ng lnL;ksa okyk çksxzsflo jkWd cSaM gSA 2016 esa laxhr yksdxhrksa rd lhfer FkkA mUgksaus vkSj muosQ lg;ksfx;ksa &
tkjh buosQ ,Yce ^lsfØi+Qkbl* ij vPNh çfrfØ;k,a vkb±A t;ar tekfr;k] DokIykbZ tekfr;k vkSj xkSre nsccekZ us ubZ èkquksa
v#.kkpy çns'k vkSj vkèkqfud laxhr&ok|ksa osQ bLrseky ls bl ifjn`'; esa ubZ tku
^,fy;u xksM~l* bVkuxj dk MsFk esVy cSaM gSA bldh LFkkiuk iwQad nhA
2005 esa gqbZA blosQ çfrHkk'kkyh lnL; igys ls gh LFkkuh; oaQlVks± gksjToykbZ f=kiqjk dk lcls mHkjrk gqvk cSaM gSA ;g eSVy
esa xkrs FksA v#.kkpy çns'k osQ vU; çeq• jkWd cSaM+ksa esa eaxYt+] cSaM 2004 esa 'kq: gqvkA 'kSMkst+] LojStd vkSj nckuksy cSaM
flesVªh Dyku vkSj fn foukby jsdkWM~lZ 'kkfey gSaA vkSj fV~otykax vkYVjusV esVy cSaM vU; çeq• laxhr&lewg
^lksy vkWiQ iQhfuDl* 2011 esa vkyks (if'peh fl;kax ftyk] gSaA dksyksek cSaM dh 'kq#vkr 2014 esa gqbZA 2015 esa mUgksaus
v#.kkpy çns'k) esa cuk gSoh eSVy@gkMZ jkWd cSaM gSA bl le; viuk igyk ,Yce & ÊoohZ* fudkykA ;g cSaM nwljh foèkkvksa&
;g f'kykax ls dke dj jgk gSA ;g cSaM bl {ks=k esa fujarj tSls f=kiqjk dh yksd&èkquksa osQ lkFk Cywt+ vkSj jkWd dk Ý;wt+u
çLrqfr;ka nsrk jgk gSA bldh 'kSyh Dykfld djrk gS ftlosQ tfj, çse] thou osQ fofoèk
jkWd] gSoh eSVy okyh gSA bl cSaM esa lnL; f=kiqjk ds yksx ges'kk ls laxhr Hkko vkSj LFkkuh; la?k"kks± dks vfHkO;fDr
gSa& MsfoM (xk;d)] vkuan (fxVkj&oknd)] ls vkil esa tqM+s gksrs gSaA gj feyrh gSA bl cSaM osQ ikapksa lnL; nsccekZ
ujeh (ckl) vkSj uksvk (Mªej)A R;kSgkj vkSj vk;kstu yksxksa dks ifjokj osQ gSa] tks ckalqjh] fxVkj vkSj
^fn foukby jsdkWM~lZ* pkj efgykvksa dk volj osQ vuq:i xkus&ctkus ikjaifjd yksd&ok| tSls lkfjUnk (ok;fyu
cSaM gS tks ubZ fnYyh vkSj v#.kkpy çns'k& dk eap çnku djrs gSaA tSlk ok|) vkSj pksaxçsax (,d rkj&ok|)
nksuksa txg ls dke djrk gSA bldh çeq• ctkrs gSaA n
YH-1594/2021

pqukSfr;ka rFkk volj
fo'ks"k vkys[k
iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr esa flusek

eatw cksjk
vle] v#.kkpy çns'k] uxkySaM] ef.kiqj] fet+ksje] es?kky;] f=kiqjk vkSj flfDde dks lesVs iwoksZÙkj {ks=k
viuh fofoèkrkiw.kZ thou&'kSyh] Hkk"kkbZ fofoèkrk] dyk vkSj laLÑfr dh n`f‘ ls vuwBk gSA bl {ks=k esa
cuh vusd fiQYeksa dks jk‘ªh; rFkk varjkZ‘ªh; iqjLdkj feys gSaA ysfdu ns'k osQ nwljs fgLlksa esa fiQYe m|ksx
dh o`f¼ dks ns•rs gq, ,slk yxrk gS fd iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh fiQYeksa dh lhfer la[;k ,d thoar fiQYe
m|ksx dh çxfr osQ fy, i;kZIr ugha gSA
fl
usek ewyr% ,d n`'; ekè;e gSA vPNk flusek n`'; Hkh gSaA jkT; osQ fofHkÂ fgLlksa] •kl rkSj ls nwj&njkt osQ bykdksa
fp=kksa osQ tfj, dgkuh lqurk gS vkSj lkFk gh ykfyR; esa vc Hkh lapkj vkSj vkokxeu dh fnDdrsa gSA lM+osQa cgqr
osQ lkFk ijksls ,d iw.kZ iSosQt esa] n`'; fcacksa dk vPNh ugha gS vkSj jsy&laidZ Hkh cf<+;k ugha gSaA fo'kky czãiq=k
çHkko vkSj xgu djrh èofu;ksa osQ lkFk n'kZd dh vka•ksa dks rÌr unh jkT; osQ chp esa cgrh gS ysfdu vPNs ty&ekxZ ugha gSaA
djrk gSA jkT; osQ lcls çeq• uxj & xqokgkVh osQ fy, foeku&lsok,a Hkh
Hkkjr dk iwoksZÙkj Hkkx çÑfr dh LokHkkfod gjhfrek] vn~Hkqr cgqr vPNh ugha gSaA nwljs 'kgjksa osQ fy, rks foeku&lsok,a vkSj
tSo&fofoèkrk vkSj vusd uLyksa vkSj laLÑfr;ksa dh iqQyokjh osQ Hkh de gSaA isVªksfy;e&inkFkks± ij cgqr vfèkd 'kqYdksa vkSj •jkc
lkFk laosnu'khy fiQYe&fuekZrkvksa dks euq"; vkSj çÑfr osQ fofoèk lM+dksa osQ dkj.k lM+d ifjogu egaxk gSA bl bykosQ osQ cktkj
vk;keksa ij fiQYesa vusd volj çnku djrk gSA mÙkj esa HkO; Hkh Bhd ls fodflr ugha gSa vkSj jkstejkZ dh t+:jr dh phtsa
fgeky;& Ükà•ykvksa] vusd igkfM+;ksa vkSj okfn;ksa] ufn;ksa&èkkjkvksa Hkh lc txg vklkuh ls ugha feyrhaA vPNh DokfyVh osQ flusek
ls Hkjk ;g euksje {ks=k fdlh Hkh flusdehZ dks vkdf"kZr djsxkA midj.k Hkh lc txg lqyHk ugha gSaA bl {ks=k esa cgqr fFk,Vj
;gka osQ vusd tkrh; vkSj uLyh lewgksa Hkh ugha gSa vkSj flusek&n'kZdksa dks mfpr
dh viuh cksfy;ka] O;ogkj vkSj jaxkjax çksRlkgu rFkk tkudkjh ugha feyus ls vPNs
jhfr&fjokt rFkk laLÑfr;ka gSaA ;gka ,sls yksx flusek osQ fy, n'kZdksa dh Hkh deh gSA bl
Hkh gSa tks ,dne vkfne ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa jgrs {ks=k esa tkrh;]Hkk"kkbZ vkSj lkaçnkf;d rukoksa
gSa_ rks nwljh vksj vfr vkèkqfud thou&'kSyh dh fLFkfr Hkh ukt+qd cuh jgrh gSA foæksgh
okys yksx Hkh gSaA ;gka dh tyok;q lqgkouh xfrfofèk;ka Hkh pyrh jgrh gSaA bu dkj.kksa
gSA xfeZ;ksa esa Hkkjh cjlkr gksrh gS vkSj oqQN ls lkekU; tu&thou vfLFkj cuk jgrk gSA
mÙkjh bykdksa esa gYdk fgeikr Hkh gksrk gSA ysfdu fgEerh fiQYe&fuekZrk ,sls
;gka osQ yksx eS=khiw.kZ] ennxkj vkSj vfrfFk gkykr esa Hkh vPNh fiQYesa cukus osQ volj
çseh gksrs gSaA os vfFkfr;ksa dh gj laHko enn fudky gh ysrs gSaA bl {ks=k osQ ;qok vkSj
djus dks rS;kj jgrs gSaA blhfy,] bl jkT; çfrHkk'kkyh fiQYe&fuekZrkvksa us ,slh vusd
esa ges'kk oSèk&voSèk :i ls ckgjh yksx Js’ fiQYesa cukbZ gSa ftUgsa vusd jk‘ªh; rFkk
vkrs&tkrs jgs gSaA ;g Hkh flusek osQ fy, varjkZ‘ªh; lekjksgksa rFkk çfr;ksfxrkvksa esa
,d vPNk fo"k; gSA iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku feys gSaA pkjksa vksj
bu voljksa osQ lkFk&lkFk] bl {ks=k tehu ls f?kjs] vDlj misf{kr] vYifodflr
esa fiQYe&fuekZrkvksa osQ fy, oqQN pqukSfr;ka rFkk euksje çÑfr ls lEiÂ bl {ks=k osQ
ysf•dk xqokgkVh esa jgrh gSa vkSj pfpZr rFkk iqjLÑr fiQYedkj gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

yksxksa dks vius usrkvksa ls vDlj f'kdk;rsa jgrh
gSa fd os yksxksa dh rdyhi+Qksa ij è;ku ugha nsrsA
blhfy,] ;gka osQ fi+QYedkj vius yksxksa vkSj mudh
laLÑfr osQ çfr vius çse vkSj muosQ vHkkoksa dh
vfHkO;fDr flusek osQ ekè;e ls djrs gSa vkSj bls
oSf'od n'kZdksa osQ lkeus j[krs gSaA os bl mfDr dks
lkFkZd djrs gSa fd pqukSfr;ka voljksa dks tUe nsrh
gSaA eq>s yxrk gS fd iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr osQ fluseka dh
liQyrkvksa dk ;gh jgL; gSA
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dk flusek
viuh fofoèkrkiw.kZ thou&'kSyh] Hkk"kkvksa osQ
mn~xe] dyk vkSj laLÑfr dh otg ls iwoksZÙkj
{ks=k vuqie gSA ;gka 200 ls T;knk uLyh lewg
gSa ftudh viuh fof'k‘ jaxr vkSj igpku gSA ;g
Hkh ,d fofp=k rF; gS fd Hkkjrh; flusek osQ
vxz.kh O;fDr;ksa esa ,d µ çeFks'k c#vk vle osQ FksA vknZsf'kj esa ;g rduhdh n`f‘ ls cgqr mÂr FkhA bl dky osQ ,d vU;
bZjkuh }kjk 1930 esa Hkkjr dh çFke lokd (VkWdh) ^vkye vkjk* egRoiw.kZ fiQYe&funZs'kd Fks fui c#vk] ftudh fiQYe ^jksaxk
osQ cuk, tkus osQ ikap gh o"kZ ckn] vlfe;k flusek osQ firk ekus iqfyl* dks jk‘ªh; fiQYe iqjLdkjksa esa jtr ind feykA blosQ ckn
tkus okys T;ksfr çlkn vxjokyk us vlfe;k dh çFke fiQYe MkW Hkwisu gtkfjdk us viuh igyh fiQYe ^,jk crksj lqj* cukbZ
^t;erh* cukbZ FkhA ml tekus dh udyh Hkkoqdrk okyh fiQYeksa ftlesa yrk eaxs'kdj us çfl¼ ^tksudksjs vklksfejs erh ftfydh
osQ nkSj esa vxjokyk ;FkkFkZijd fiQYesa cukus okys vxz.kh fuekZrk ftfydh mBs* x;kA bl fiQYe ls vlfe;k flusek ij ns'k osQ
FksA ^tks;erh* 16oha 'krkCnh esa vle osQ vgkse jktoa'k osQ nkSj nwljs fgLlksa osQ n'kZdksa dh Hkh ut+j iM+hA MkW Hkwisu gtkfjdk dks
dh ,d ,sfrgkfld pfj=k gS ftlosQ lcy O;fDrRo] ohjrk vkSj 1965 esa cukbZ mudh fiQYe ^çfrèofu* vkSj 1966 dh fiQYe
jktuSfrd n`f‘ dh dgkuh fiQYe esa dgh ^yksVh?kksVh* osQ fy, jk‘ªifr osQ jtr ind
xbZ gSA bl fiQYe esa dkiQh ?kkVk gksus osQ vlfe;k flusek osQ firk ekus feysA
ckotwn] vxjokyk us 1937&38 esa viuh tkus okys T;ksfr çlkn vxjokyk vle osQ ,d çeq• fiQYe&fuekZrk
nwljh fiQYe ^bUæekyrh* cukbZ tks 1939 esa vCnqy ethn us 1968 esa viuh igyh
us vlfe;k dh çFke fiQYe
çnf'kZr gks ldhA çeFks'k c#vk us ^nsonkl* fiQYe êksjkse r`".kk* cukbZA 1975 esa cuh
dk vlfe;k laLdj.k 1937 esa cuk;kA ^tks ;erh* cukbZ FkhA ml tekus mudh fiQYe ^pesyh eselkc* dks Js’
T;ksfr çlkn vxjokyk osQ vle; dh udyh Hkkoqdrk okyh fiQYeksa {ks=kh; fiQYe osQ fy, jk‘ªifr dk jtr
fuèku osQ ckn] vlfe;k fiQYeksa osQ fuekZ.k osQ nkSj esa vxjokyk ;FkkFkZijd ind feykA bl fiQYe esa MkW Hkwisu gtkfjdk
dh xfr ean iM+ xbZA 1941 esa jksfg.kh oqQekj fiQYesa cukus okys vxz.kh fuekZrk us laxhr fn;k Fkk ftlosQ fy, fiQYe dks
c#vk us rhljh vlfe;k fiQYe êukserh* FksA ^tks;erh* 16oha 'krkCnh esa loZJs’ laxhr dk iqjLdkj Hkh fn;k x;kA
cukbZA ;g Hkh ,d ,sfrgkfld fiQYe FkhA
vle osQ vgkse jktoa'k osQ nkSj 1969 esa cztsu c#vk dh yksdfç; fiQYe
blosQ ckn vkbZ fiQYesa bl çdkj gSa & ^MkW cst+c#vk* {ks=kh; fiQYe oxZ esa jk‘ªifr
ijHkkrh çlkn c#vk dh fiQYe ^:ikgh* dh ,d ,s
f rgkfld pfj=k gS dk jtr iqjLdkj feykA
(1946)] dey ukjk;.k pkSèkjh dh ^cnu ftlosQ lcy O;fDrRo] ohjrk 1970 ls 1982 osQ chp vlfe;k
cksjiqQdu* (1947)] iQf.k ljek dh vkSj jktuSfrd n`f‘ dh dgkuh flusek esa vusd u, fiQYe&funZs'kd vk,A
^fljkt*] vflr lsu dks ^fciyksch*] çchu fiQYe esa dgh xbZ gSA bl fiQYe buesa çeq• gSa & lejsUæ ukjk;.k nsc]
iqQdu dh îkj?kkV* vkSj lqjs'k xksLokeh dh esa dkiQh ?kkVk gksus osQ ckotwn] dey pkSèkjh ftUgksaus igyh jaxhu fiQYe
^:uqeh*A
vxjokyk us 1937&38 esa viuh ^HkSrh* cukbZ] iqye xksxksbZ] ine c#vk] MkW
1950 osQ n'kd esa bl {ks=k dh lcls HkcsUæukFk lSfd;k vkSj vrqy cksjnksyksbZA
egRoiw.kZ fiQYe iQf.k ljek }kjk funZsf'kr nw
l jh fiQYe ^bUæekyrh* cukbZ tks 1976 esa cuh inqe c#vk dh fiQYe
^fi;kyh iqQdu* FkhA bl fiQYe dk laxhr 1939 es
a çnf'kZr gks ldhA çeFks 'k ^xaxk lhyksuhj ik•h* us vlfe;k flusek
;qok laxhrdkj Hkwisu gtkfjdk us fn;k FkkA c#vk us ^nsonkl* dk vlfe;k dks vkèkqfud ;FkkFkZijd flusek dh ,d
;g jk‘ªh; fiQYe iqjLdkj ikus okyh igyh laLdj.k 1937 esa cuk;kA ubZ fn'kk nhA 1964 esa cuh lcZs'oj pØorhZ
vlfe;k fiQYe FkhA vius le; dh rqyuk dh fiQYe êksfujke nhoku* dks 1964
jk‘ªh; iqjLdkj feykA bl fiQYe esa MkW Hkwisu FksA fMftVy fiQYeksa dh 'kq#vkr osQ ckn
gtkfjdk dk laxhr FkkA bl fiQYe esa MkW ef.kiqj osQ fiQYe m|ksx dk foLrkj gks jgk
gtkfjdk us ^cqoqQ gkse gkse dksjs* eèkqj xhr gS] fiQYesa O;kolkf;d rjhosQ ls çnf'kZr gks
xk;k Fkk ftls ckn esa fgUnh fiQYe ^#nkyh* jgh gSa] fiQYeksa dks jk‘ªh;&varjkZ‘ªh; Lrj ij
esa yrk eaxs'kdj us xk dj jk‘ªh; Lrj ij ekU;rk Hkh fey jgh gS_ ysfdu lgh ek;us
pfpZr dj fn;kA esa fiQYe m|ksx dk fodkl ugha gks jgk gSA
tkguq c#vk vkSj MkW HkcsUæukFk bl o"kZ jkT; dh fiQYe fodkl lkslkbVh
lSfd;k us viuh fiQYeksa ls vlfe;k flusek vkSj fiQYe leqnk; osQ yksx ef.kiqjh flusek
dks jk‘ªh; vkSj varjkZ‘ªh; igpku fnykbZA dh Lo.kZ t;arh euk jgs gSaA bl volj ij
MkW HkcsUæukFk lSfd;k vlfe;k osQ ç[;kr os mu vxz.kh fi+QYedkjksa dks J¼katfy ns jgs
ys•d Hkh FksA mUgksaus vkB fiQYesa funZsf'kr gSa ftUgksaus 1970 osQ n'kd esa vusd pqukSfr;ksa
dha ftUgsa dkal] dkyksZoks osjh] ukaVsl (Úkal)] osQ chp] fcuk fdlh lgk;d cqfu;knh <kaps
okyMksfyM (Lisu)] vYthfj;k] I;ksax ;ksax osQ] ef.kiqj esa fiQYe&fuekZ.k dk dke çkjEHk
(mÙkj dksfj;k)] flMuh] E;wfu•] eksafVª;ky] fd;kA
VksjaVks vkfn vusd varjkZ‘ªh; fiQYe lekjksgksa es?kky; osQ ekr`lÙkkRed lekt dh
esa çnf'kZr fd;k x;kA nwljh vksj] tkguq viuh igpku gS tgka oa'k&ijaijk vkSj èkjksgj
c#vk dh lHkh fiQYeksa dks jk‘ªh; iqjLdkj feys vkSj oqQN dks fÐ;ksa ls gksrh gSA ekuo] laLÑfr vkSj ifjos'k osQ chp larqyu
rks varjkZ‘ªh; iqjLdkj Hkh feysA lsY;wykWbM osQ mu fnuksa esa] bu cukrs vusd ioZ&mRlo ;gka gksrs gSa ysfdu fiQYe m|ksx dh ;gka
fi+QYedkjksa us vlfe;k flusek dk ijpe fo'o osQ dksus&dksus esa 'kq#vkr yacs le; rd ç;klksa osQ ckn gqbZA ^dk flatqd jh dh
iQgjk;kA ykbZÝ;w L;se* es?kky; esa •+klh Hkk"kk esa cuh igyh fiQYe gS ftls
buosQ ckn] xkSre cksjk] fc|qr pØorhZ] MkW lkaRouk cksjnksykbZ] 1981 esa gkeysV ckjs id;kUrk us cuk;kA blosQ ckn] 1984 esa
lathc gtkfjdk] taxnso cnkslk vkSj eatq cksjk (bl ys• dh vèks±nq HkV~VkpkthZ us igyh jaxhu fiQYe & êkf.kd jkbrksax* cukbZA
ysf•dk) dk nkSj vk;kA bu fiQYedkjksa us vlfe;k Hkk"kk vkSj bl o"kZ 2000 osQ ckn] tc es?kky; esa mxzoknh ?kVuk,a rsth ls
{ks=k dh oqQN cksfy;ksa esa jk‘ªh; vkSj varjkZ‘ªh; Lrj ij ç'kaflr de gqb± rks euksjatu rFkk fiQYeksa osQ fy, ckt+kj cukA vusd y?kq]
fiQYesa cukb±A cM+h vkSj ohfM;ks fiQYesa cukuh 'kq: gqb±A 2014 esa çnhi oqQjckg
blh {ks=k osQ ef.kiqj jkT; dh Hkh le`¼ lkaLÑfrd èkjksgj dh fiQYe ^jh* dks igyh ckj jk‘ªh; iqjLdkj feykA 2016 dh
gS tks mlosQ laxhr] ukVd] lkfgR; vkSj gLrf'kYi osQ ekè;e ls mudh fiQYe ^vksukrkg* dks Hkh jk‘ªh; iqjLdkj feykA mUgha dh
vfHkO;Dr gksrh gSA bl jkT; dh fiQYeksa dk Hkh fof'k‘ LFkku gSA 2019 dh fiQYe ^Y;wnqg* •+klh Hkk"kk dh ,slh igyh fiQYe cuh
nsc oqQekj ckWl }kjk 1972 esa çnf'kZr funZsf'kr çFke ef.kiqjh fiQYe ftls nf{k.k dksfj;k osQ çfrf’r cqlku fiQYe lekjksg esa çFke
êkrkEdk ef.kiqj* dks loZJs‘ ef.kiqjh fiQYe osQ :i esa jk‘ªh; çn'kZu (çhfe;j) vkSj iqjLÑr gksus dk xkSjo feykA bl fiQYe dks
iqjLdkj feykA ef.kiqjh osQ Js’ fiQYe&funZs'kd vjhcke ';ke •+klh Hkk"kk dh fiQYe osQ :i esa 2019 esa jk‘ªh; iqjLdkj Hkh feyk
ljek us 1974 esa viuh igyh fiQYe ^yEtk ij'kqjke* cukbZA vkSj yksosQ'ku lkmaM osQ fy, Hkh iqjLÑr fd;k x;kA es?kky; osQ
mudh pkSFkh fiQYe ^bekdh fuaxsFke* dks 1982 esa ukarsl (Úkal) fiQYe&fuekZrkvksa osQ fy, ;g cM+h miyfCèk Fkh] tgka fiQYeksa osQ
fiQYe lekjksg esa ^xksYMu eksVksxksYiQj* iqjLdkj feykA bl rjg fy, fuekZrk vkSj èku yxkus okys cM+h eqf'dy ls fey ikrs gSaA
mUgsa varjkZ‘ªh; igpku feyhA 1990 esa cuh mudh fiQYe ]b'kkukS* es?kky; osQ Mksfefud laxek us xkjks Hkk"kk (;g Hkh es?kky;
1991 osQ dkUl fiQYe lekjksg valVZsu fjxkMZ dh jktdh; Hkk"kk gS) 2019 êk vek* esa
lSDlu esa çnf'kZr dh xbZA fu'p; gh og 1950 osQ n'kd esa bl {ks=k dh fiQYe cukbZA
iwoksZÙkj osQ lcls egRoiw.kZ fiQYe&funZs'kd lcls egRoiw.kZ fiQYe iQf.k ljek ysfdu ç'u ;g gS fd bu fiQYeksa dks
gSa ftUgksaus iwjs {ks=k dks xkSjokfUor fd;k
}kjk funZsf'kr ^fi;kyh iqQdu* dgka çnf'kZr fd;k tk,\ n'kZdksa dk #•
gSA ef.kiqj osQ vU; fiQYe&funZs'kdksa] tSls D;k gksxk\ çnhi tSls funZs'kdksa dk ekuuk
,e , flag] e•kseksuh feadlwck] vksbuke FkhA bl fiQYe dk la x hr ;q o k gS fd fiQYeksa dks vyx&vyx LFkku ij ys
xkSre flag] ,p iou oqQekj vkfn us cf<+;k laxhrdkj Hkwisu gtkfjdk us fn;k tkdj fn•kus (Vªsofyax VkWdht+) osQ rjhosQ
fiQYesa cukbZ gSaA bruh çxfr osQ ckotwn] FkkA ;g jk‘ªh; fiQYe iqjLdkj ls bu fiQYeksa dh ykxr fudy ldrh gSA
fgUnh fiQYeksa osQ çn'kZu osQ f•ykiQ LFkkuh; ikus okyh igyh vlfe;k fiQYe gkykafd iwjk es?kky; gh bruk lqjE; gS fd
vkanksyu dh otg ls ,d le; ef.kiqj FkhA vius le; dh rqyuk esa ;g ogka fdlh Hkh rjg dh fiQYe 'kwV dh
esa fiQYe fuekZ.k dk dke iwjh rjg Bi
rduhdh n`f‘ ls cgqr mÂr FkhA tk ldrh gS] ysfdu egku fiQYe&funZs'kd
gks x;k Fkk vkSj flusek gkWy can gks x, ½fRod ?kVd gh lgh ek;us esa •+klh
{ks=k osQ lkSUn;Z dks idM+ losQ vkSj viuh osQ miU;klksa ij vkèkkfjr FkhaA bu nks
fpj&Lej.kh; ckaXyk fiQYe ês?ks <kdk rkjk* fiQYeksa& ^bu fn ySaM vkWiQ ikWbtu oqeu*
esa fo"kkn osQ {k.kksa dks fpf=kr dj losQA vkSj ^fef'kax* dks jk‘ªh; fiQYe iqjLdkj feys
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ ,d vU; jkT; vkSj bUgsa vusd varjkZ‘ªh; fiQYe lekjksgksa
v#.kkpy çns'k esa 20 ls vfèkd tutkfr;ksa esa Hkh fn•k;k x;kA v#.kkpy çns'k esa cuh
dh igpku gSA jkT; osQ vfèkdrj yksx ckS¼ lcls rktk fiQYe 'kkaruq nÙkk dh ôkVj
gSaA rokax vkSj if'peh dkesax ftyksa osQ eksUik cfj;y* gS ftls i;kZoj.k ij loZJs’ fiQYe
vkSj 'ksjnqdisu yksx egk;ku ckS¼ er dh dk iqjLdkj feyk gSA
ykek ijaijk esa fo'okl djrs gSaA oqQN vU; jkT; esa cuh lHkh fiQYesa ogka osQ fdlh
tutkfr;ksa osQ yksx nksU;h&iksyks ukeksa ls lw;Z u fdlh egRoiw.kZ lkekftd&lkaLÑfrd eqís
vkSj pUæ nsork dh iwtk djrs gSaA oqQN yksx dks mBkrh gSaA ysfdu jkT; dks vius fiQYe
bZlkbZ rFkk fgUnw Hkh gSaA v#.kkpy çns'k dh m|ksx dks •M+k djus osQ fy, vHkh yack
laLÑfr esa laxhr vkSj u`R; dk LFkku cgqr liQj r; djuk gSA
egRoiw.kZ gSA v#.kkpy çns'k vc flusek osQ fet+ksje jkT; osQ fuoklh fet+ks yksx
fodkl ij è;ku ns jgk gS vkSj osQaæ ljdkj eaxksykWbM uLy osQ gSaA buesa ls vfèkdka'k
bl dke esa enn nsrs gq, bVkuxj esa fiQYe bZlkbZ gSa vkSj ,d fof'k‘ uSfrd fl¼kUr
çf'k{k.k laLFkku Hkh •ksyus tk jgh gSA ^Rykoeaxkbuk* dk ikyu djrs gSaA bu ekU;rkvksa us fet+ks lekt dks
fiNys oqQN le; ls fiQYe&fuekZ.k ;qok ih<+h osQ chp ?kfu‘rk ls ,dtqV fd;k gSA ;s yksx u`R; vkSj laxhrçseh gSaA ;gka
yksdfç; gks jgk gSA buesa ls oqQN dh fiQYesa jk‘ªh; Lrj ij Hkh dk ps;ko vFkok ^ckal u`R;* çfl¼ gSA LFkkuh; ok|ksa osQ lkFk] ;s
pfpZr gks jgh gSaA 'ksjnqdisu cksyh esa igyh fiQYe ^ØkWflax fczt* yksx vusd yksdxhr xkrs gSaA ;gka gFkdj?kk vkSj gLrf'kYiksa dh
Fkh tks 2013 esa lkaxs nksjth Fkksaxnksd us cukbZA bls loZçFke eqacbZ Hkh le`¼ ijaijk gSA
varjkZ‘ªh; fiQYe lekjksg esa çnf'kZr fd;k x;kA ysfdu jkT; esa fet+ks Hkk"kk esa vc rd ,dek=k iQhpj fiQYe ekmiqbZ;k
2016 rd Hkh dksbZ flusek gkWy ugha Fkk tgka ;s fiQYe fn•kbZ pksaxFku }kjk funZsf'kr ^•kOuXyqax ju* gSA ;g 1856&59 osQ nkSj esa
tk losQA blfy,] ;gka cuh fiQYeksa ls LFkkuh; yksxksa dk ifjp; •kOuXyqax esa gq, gR;kdkaM dh ?kVuk ls tqM+h ,D'ku vkSj jksekal
gks gh ugha ikrkA okyh fiQYe gSA bls oqQN jk‘ªh; rFkk varjkZ‘ªh; fiQYe lekjksgksa esa
vglku ethn dh cukbZ fiQYe ^lksue* eksUik cksyh esa cuh fn•k;k x;k gSA fiQYEl fMohtu] eqacbZ vkSj oqQN futh fuekZrk
igyh fiQYe FkhA bls 2020 esa 37osa varjkZ‘ªh; fiQYe lekjksg oqQN MkWD;qesaVªh fiQYesa Hkh cuk jgs gSaA bu fnuksa jkT; ljdkj]
osQ Hkkjrh; iSuksjek •aM esa fn•k;k x;kA fiQYe dks jk‘ªh; fiQYe ,d fiQYe lkslkbVh osQ lg;ksx ls fet+ks fiQYeksa dks c<+kok nsus
iqjLdkj Hkh feyk vkSj bls fo'o Hkj esa esa yxh gSA
vusd varjkZ‘ªh; fiQYe lekjksgksa esa fn•k;k vle osQ ,d çeq• uxkySaM jkT; esa eq[; tula[;k uxk
x;kA fiQYe&fuekZrk vCnqy ethn us yksxksa dh gS ftuesa tutkfr;ksa osQ vusd
v#.kkpy çns'k esa cuh rhljh fiQYe lewg 'kkfey gSaA ;s Hkkjr osQ iwoksZÙkj Hkkx
1968 esa viuh igyh fiQYe
^gSM gaVj* okapw cksyh esa cukbZ xbZA blosQ osQ lkFk&lkFk mÙkj&if'pe E;kaekj esa Hkh
funZs'kd uhykatu nÙkk iwus fiQYe vkSj êks j ks e r` " .kk* cukbZ A 1975 cls gSaA leku eaxksykWbM uLy ifjokj osQ
Vsyhfot+u laLFkku esa çkè;kid gSaA fiQYe esa cuh mudh fiQYe ^pesyh gksus osQ ckotwn] gj lewg dh viuh fof'k‘
esa crk;k x;k gS fd ouksa dh vfu;fer eselkc* dks Js’ {ks=kh; fiQYe cksyh] laLÑfr vkSj ijaijk,a gSaA dksbZ Hkh
dVkbZ vkSj vfu;ksftr fuekZ.k&dk;ks± ls bl osQ fy, jk‘ªifr dk jtr ind lewg nwljs lewg dh Hkk"kk ugha cksy ikrkA
lqanj jkT; osQ fy, •rjk gks ldrk gSA feykA bl fiQYe esa MkW Hkwisu budh ,d leku Hkk"kk uxkeht gS vkSj ;gka
funZs'kd v#.kkpy çns'k dh vuwBh laLÑfr osQ vfèkdka'k yksx bZlkbZ gSaA budh laLÑfr
gtkfjdk us laxhr fn;k Fkk
dks cpkus osQ fy, fpafrr gSa tcfd ogka cM+h thoar gS vkSj u`R; Hkh vuwBs gSaA budk
dh ubZ ih<+h êq[; èkkjk* esa 'kkfey gksus ftlos Q fy, fiQYe dks loZ J s ’ yksd&laxhr Hkh cgqr fofoèkrkiw.kZ gS ftlesa
dh gksM esa vius vrhr ls eqag eksM+ jgh gSA laxhr dk iqjLdkj Hkh fn;k èkkfeZd fo'oklksa] jksekal vkSj ohjrk osQ Hkko
v#.kkpy çns'k esa 2018 esa nks vkSj x;kA1969 esa cztsu c#vk dh O;Dr djrh ijaijkxr lqjhyh èkqusa gksrh gSaA
fiQYesa cukbZ xb±A ;s eSaus (eatq cksjk) vkSj yksdfç; fiQYe ^MkW cst+c#vk* uxkySaM esa dbZ MkWD;qesaVªh vkSj oqQN
ckWch ljek c#vk us cukb±A nksuksa fiQYesa {ks=kh; fiQYe oxZ esa jk‘ªifr dk ohfM;ks fiQYesa cukbZ xbZ gSaA uxkySaM dh
v#.kkpy çns'k osQ lkfgR; vdkneh ikap çfrHkk'kkyh efgyk fiQYe funZs'kdksa
jtr iqjLdkj feykA
iqjLdkj fotsrk ys•d ;s'ks nksjth Fkksaxph us viuk fof'k‘ LFkku cuk;k gSA ;s gSa&
lksiQh ylqg] rh;kbuyk tehj] lsfluks gks'kq le`¼ lkaLÑfrd i`’Hkwfe osQ ckotwn]
vkSj ;kikaxukjh yksaxoqQekjA lksiQh ylqg vkSj f=kiqjk dks fiQYe&fuekZ.k esa viuh ;k=kk
lsfluks gks'kq ^D;w gq* fiQYe&fuekZ.k oaQiuh vHkh 'kq: djuh gSA osQjy osQ iQknj
pyrs gSaA mudh igyh fiQYe ^fn LVksjh tkslsiQ iqyFkkukFk us] bl {ks=k osQ fuoklh
vkWiQ , gkml* dkiQh pfpZr gqbZ vkSj vusd ugha gksus osQ ckotwn] 2003 esa f=kiqjk dh
fiQYe lekjksgksa esa çnf'kZr dh xbZA mudh igyh fiQYe & êfFk;k* (pwfM+;ka) cukbZ
xzstq,'ku fiQYe ^fpYMªu vkWiQ lkbysal* ftls jk‘ªh; iqjLdkj Hkh feykA dksdcksjkd
uxkySaM esa lsuk osQ dfFkr nqO;Zogkj osQ cksyh esa cuh bl fiQYe esa fdlh efgyk
ckjs esa gS tks fczfV'k vosQMeh fiQYe ,aM dks tknwxjuh djkj nsus dh dFkk gSA vkt
Vsyhfot+u vkV~lZ (ch,,i+QVh, &ckÝVk) Hkh f=kiqjk esa ;g oqQçFkk dgha&dgha ut+j
iqjLdkjksa osQ fy, ukfer gqbZA vkrh gSA mudh nwljh fiQYe ^;kjkax* Hkh
foosQ;suks tkvks ukxkySaM dh ,d dksdcksjkd cksyh esa gS tks 2008 esa Hkkjr
vkSj çfrf’r MkWD;qesaVªh fiQYe&fuekZrk osQ varjkZ‘ªh; fiQYe lekjksg esa mn?kkVu
gSa tks iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr dh ,lh ,dek=k fiQYe osQ :i esa fn•kbZ xbZA bu nks
fiQYe&funZs'kd gSa ftudh fiQYesa dkUl fiQYeksa osQ tfj,] f=kiqjk us fiQYe lekjksgksa
fiQYe lekjksg esa fn•kbZ xb±A mudh fiQYe osQ tfj, fiQYeksa dh nqfu;k esa nLrd nh
^ykLV vkWiQ fn VsVwM gSM gaVj* dks 2010 esa 63osa vkSj ^fnl ysaM gS ysfdu jkT; dks fiQYe m|ksx dh LFkkiuk osQ fy, vHkh
oh dkWYM voj gkse* dks 2011 esa 64osa dkUl fiQYe lekjksg yack liQj r; djuk gSA
esa y?kq fiQYe oxZ esa pquk x;kA fiQYe&fuekZrk ek tkvks us dbZ {ks=k osQ •wclwjr jkT;ksa esa ls ,d flfDde esa flusek vHkh
MkWD;wesaVjh fiQYesa] Vsyh&fiQYesa vkSj Vsyh&lhfj;y cuk, ftuosQ Hkh vius uoksfnr pj.k esa gSA gkykafd flfDde ljdkj }kjk
fo"k; uxkySaM vkSj v#.kkpy çns'k dh çÑfr vkSj ;gka dh LFkkuh; vkSj ckgjh yksxksa osQ fy, flusek fuekZ.k osQ fy, oqQN
tutkfr;ksa osQ ekuo&foKku rFkk lkekftd thou ls tqM+s igyqvksa flusek vuqowQy ;kstuk,a 'kq: dh xbZ gSa] fiQj Hkh flfDde dks
osQ ckjs esa gSaA ogka ,d flusek m|ksx LFkkfir djus osQ fy, ,d yack liQj r;
rh;kbuyk tehj us uxkySaM esa dbZ MkWD;wesaVjh fiQYesa cukbZ djuk gSA gkykafd jkT; osQ flusek çsfe;ksa vkSj flusek fuekZrkvksa
gSaA mudh fiQYe ^xksbax fn fMLVsal* Hkkjr osQ varjkZ‘ªh; fiQYe osQ fy, ;g cgqr mRlkgtud gS fd bl o"kZ 67osa jk‘ªh; fiQYe
lekjksg] xksok esa (1916 esa) pquh tkus okyh jkT; dh igyh iqjLdkjksa esa flfDde dks ns'k dk lcls vfèkd flusek vuqowQy
fiQYe FkhA bl fiQYe dks vusd fiQYe lekjksgksa esa çnf'kZr fd;k jkT; ?kksf"kr fd;k x;kA flfDde dh orZeku ljdkj jkT; dks
x;k vkSj dkiQh ljkguk feyhA u osQoy i;ZVu LFky cfYd fiQYe xarO; Hkh cukus dk ç;kl
lsfluks gks'kq dksfgek esa ,d fiQYe&fuekZ.k oaQiuh ^Vsd dj jgh gSA
ou* pykrh gSaA mudh igyh MkWD;wesaVjh fiQYe ^vIi+QqLrk* muosQ ;fn ge flfDde esa flusek fuekZ.k osQ bfrgkl dks ns•sa]
nknkth osQ ckjs esa FkhA bls us'kuy iksVZsV xSyjh] yanu_ ckax 'kkWVZ rks ge ikrs gSa fd lR;thr jk; us o"kZ 1971 esa ,d o`Ùkfp=k
fiQYe isQfLVoy] ukWfVa?ke_ ;qfuoflZVh vkWiQ jks'ksLVj] U;w ;kWdZ rFkk ¶flfDde** cuk;k FkkA ;g flfDde dh laçHkqrk osQ ckjs esa FkkA
:fcu E;wft;e vkWiQ vkVZ] U;w ;kWdZ esa fn•k;k x;kA lksiQh ylqg bl rjg] bl {ks=k osQ vkB jkT;ksa dh fiQYeksa us le;≤
osQ lkFk lg&funZsf'kr mudh fiQYesa ^fn besftujh ykbu* vkSj ^fn ij vusd jk‘ªh; vkSj varjkZ‘ªh; iqjLdkj rFkk lEeku gkfly fd,
LVksjh vkWiQ , gkml* vusd fiQYe lekjksgksa esa fn•kbZ xb± vkSj gSaA ysfdu ns'k osQ nwljs fgLlksa esa fiQYe m|ksx dh o`f¼ dks ns•rs
ilan dh xb±A gq, ,slk yxrk gS fd iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh fiQYeksa dh lhfer la[;k
;kikaxukjh yksaxoqQekj dh pfpZr MkWD;wesaVjh ^,aM Mkmu fn ,d thoar vkSj liQy fiQYe m|ksx dh çxfr osQ fy, i;kZIr ugha
fjoj ns osaV* bVyh esa ,fl;kfVdk fiQYe esfM;kys rFkk U;w ;kWdZ gSA lkFk gh] bl {ks=k dh tula[;k ftyksa osQ Lrj rd Hkh vusd
osQ :fcu E;wft;e esa çnf'kZr dh xbZA mUgksaus ^fn Mk;jh vkWiQ ulyh vkSj Hkk"kkbZ leqnk;ksa esa caVh gSA blhfy, fdlh ,d Hkk"kk
feeh*] ^Vq fn chV vkWiQ ns;j vksu Mªe*] ^jkbt+ vkWiQ tkbaV~l*] dh fiQYe osQ py ikus osQ fy, i;kZIr n'kZd gh ugha feyrsA
^fn ykLV vkWiQ fn bZLV*A , Vp vkWiQ lefFkax xqM* vkSj ^fn nku blls fuekZrkvksa dh fiQYe esa yxh ykxr Hkh olwy ugha gks ikrhA
vkWiQ isQFk* vkfn MkWD;wesaVjh cukbZ gSaA vle vkSj ef.kiqj dks NksM+ dj] vU; jkT;ksa esa lkykuk ikap fiQYesa
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ ,d vU; jkT; &f=kiqjk osQ ewy fuoklh Hkh ugha cu ikrhaA ,slh fLFkfr esa] ge ;gh mEehn dj ldrs gSa
^f=kiqjh* dgs tkrs gSaA buesa lh vfèkdrj tutkrh; yksx gSaA ;gka fd ljdkj vFkok oqQN dkWiksZjsV ?kjkus rFkk cM+s LVwfMvks ;gka osQ
19 tutkfr;ksa osQ fuoklh gSa ftuesa ,d caxkyh tutkfr lewg gSA fiQYe&fuekZrkvksa dh enn osQ fy, vkxs vk,axsA rHkh ;gka i;kZIr
nwljs lewg esa Hkkjrh;&eaxksykWbM tutkfr;ksa osQ yksx gSa ftudh la[;k esa vPNh fiQYesa cu losQaxh vkSj LFkkuh; fiQYe m|ksx tM+sa
viuh cksfy;ka rFkk fof'k‘ jhfr&fjokt rFkk ijEijk,a gSaA tek losQxkA n

YH-1601/2021

iSQ'ku dk çkÑfrd vankt
diM+s vkSj fMt+kbu

lksue nwcy
iwoksZÙkj osQ diM+ksa vkSj gLrdykvksa esa izkÑfrd vankt dh xgjh le> fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA diM+s dh cqukbZ
;gka ,d rjg ls thou'kSyh gSA gkykafd] diM+s dh bl laLÑfr dks cpk, j•us vkSj bls ckgjh nqfu;k
ls tksM+us osQ fy, ljdkj dks fMtkbujksa] dkjhxjksa] cqudjksa osQ lkFk feydj dke djuk gksxk] rkfd
LFkkuh; vkSj oSf'od Lrj ij cktkj dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djus dh fn'kk esa dke fd;k tk losQ vkSj bl
gLrdyk dks csgrj cukus osQ fy, mik; <wa<s tk losQaA bl rjg] 'kksèk vkSj vU; xfrfofèk;ksa osQ tfj;s
bl m|ksx dks iSQ'ku cktkj osQ fy, mi;ksxh vkSj çklafxd cuk;k tk losQxkA
'k osQ iwoksÙZ kj {ks=k dh laLÑfr ,f'k;k osQ vU; fgLls Hkh lg;ksx dh t:jr gksrh gS] D;ksafd os eq[; rkSj ij gFkdj?kk
ns dks le>us osQ fy, iqy dh rjg gSA Hkkjr osQ iwoksÙZ kj
{ks=k vkSj nf{k.k&iwohZ ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa (tSls fd cekZ (vc
ij fuHkZj gSa ftldk pyu èkhjs&èkhjs •Re gks jgk gSA iwoksZÙkj dh
HkkSxksfyd lajpuk dh otg ls cqudj leqnk; dh fLFkfr detksj
E;kaekj)] FkkbySMa ] oaQcksfM;k] baMksufs 'k;k vkSj tkiku) osQ chp etcwr
,sfrgkfld tqMk+ o jgk gSA bu ns'kksa osQ lkFk f}i{kh; lacèa kksa osQ fygkt
ls ;g csgn vge gSA diM+k] gLrdyk vkSj laLÑfr osQ ekeys esa
bu ns'kksa osQ lkFk lekurk gksus dh otg ls ;g Li‘ gS fd Hkkjr osQ
fy, lhek ikj bu ns'kksa esa Hkh cktkj miyCèk gSA
iSQ'ku dh i<+kbZ vkSj 'kksèk osQ vkèkkj ij eSa dg ldrk gwa
fd ;g (iSQ'ku) xgjs rkSj ij bfrgkl vkSj laLÑfr ls tqM+k gksrk
gS vkSj u, dysD'ku osQ mHkjus osQ ihNs ,slh ,d dgkuh gksrh gSA
feyh&tqyh i`’Hkwfe ls gksus osQ dkj.k eSaus viuh futh bfrgkl osQ
ckjs esa foLrkj ls tkudkjh gkfly dh vkSj ik;k fd eSa ,sls mRikn
rS;kj djuk pkgrk gwa tks ledkyhu gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk ijaijkvksa ls
tqM+k gksA bl flyflys esa eq>s vle esa cqus tkus okys ^,jh flYd*
osQ ckjs esa irk pykA bl diM+s dh cqukbZ èkhjs&èkhjs gksrh gS] ysfdu
bldh çfØ;k dkiQh csgrj gS vkSj blesa dbZ lkjh •wfc;ka gksrh gSaA
,jh flYd esa vkS"kèkh; xq.k Hkh gksrs gSaA
;g flYd (js'ke) dhM+s dks ekjs fcuk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS]
blfy, bls ^vfgalk flYd* dgk tkrk gS vkSj lkèkq&laU;klh bls
vks<+rs gSaA bls cquus dh çfØ;k vius&vki esa ,d ;k=kk gSA bl
gLrdyk ls eq[; rkSj ij efgyk,a tqM+h gSa vkSj bls tkjh j•us
osQ fy, lg;ksx dh t:jr gSA ;g fliQZ osQaæ ;k jkT; ljdkjksa
dh ;kstukvksa ls gh laHko gks ldrk gSA bl {ks=k osQ cqudjksa dks
ys•d iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ds e'kgwj fMtkbuj gSa vkSj viuk iQS'ku m|e pykrs gSaA
bZesy% www.sonamdubal.com

gSA muosQ mRiknksa osQ fy, rRdky cktkj fodflr djus dh t:jr
gSA •kl rkSj ij dksfoM egkekjh osQ bl nkSj esa bldh l[r t:jr
gSA blesa fuos'k dks c<+kok nsdj cqudjksa dks ikjaifjd gLrdyk osQ
tfj;s vkthfodk gkfly djus esa enn fey losQxhA bl rjg dh
dksf'k'k dh tk jgh gS vkSj cqudjksa dh ftanxh dh rdyhiQksa dks
le>k tk jgk gSA iwoksZÙkj osQ cqudjksa osQ dkedkt osQ fy, ubZ 'krs±
r; djuk lkFkZd gks ldrk gSA cqukbZ dks ?kjksa esa lkaLÑfrd bfrgkl
ls tqM+s jgus osQ rkSj ij Hkh çksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
iwoksZÙkj osQ diM+ksa vkSj gLrdykvksa esa izkÑfrd vankt dh
xgjh le> fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA diM+s dh cqukbZ ;gka ,d rjg ls
thou'kSyh gSA 'kq: esa bl {ks=k esa rS;kj mRikn LFkkuh; bLrseky
osQ fy, gh gksrs FksA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ef.kiqj ;k uxkySaM ;k
fet+ksje esa flYd ;k 'kkWy] vle vkSj es?kky; esa ,jh ;k ewxk
flYd vkSj f=kiqjk vkSj v#.kkpy çns'k esa LFkkuh; dikl ls
diM+s dh cqukbZ gksrh FkhA budk mRiknu R;ksgkjksa] fookg vkSj vU;
vk;kstuksa osQ edln ls fd;k tkrk FkkA bl {ks=k dk diM+k m|ksx
'kq: esa vkRefuHkZj Fkk vkSj ;g vius fy, cktkj <wa< ysrk FkkA
gkykafd] vkfFkZd fodkl osQ lkFk gh cqudjksa dks vc eq[;èkkjk dh
vFkZO;oLFkk ij fuHkZj jguk iM+rk gSA blls m|ksx dh •kl igpku
dks cuk, j•uk eqf'dy gks x;k gS vkSj O;kolkf;d cktkjksa osQ
fy, Hkh mi;qDr fMtkbu rS;kj djuk pqukSrh gSA
gkykafd] diM+s dh bl laLÑfr dks cpk, j•us vkSj bls ckgjh
nqfu;k ls tksM+us osQ fy, ljdkj dks fMtkbujksa] dkjhxjksa] cqudjksa
osQ lkFk feydj dke djuk gksxk] rkfd LFkkuh; vkSj oSf'od Lrj
ij cktkj dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djus dh fn'kk esa dke fd;k tk

losQ vkSj bl gLrdyk dks csgrj cukus osQ fy, mik; <wa<s tk
losQaA bl rjg] 'kksèk vkSj vU; xfrfofèk;ksa osQ tfj;s bl m|ksx
dks iSQ'ku cktkj osQ fy, mi;ksxh vkSj çklafxd cuk;k tk losQxkA
?kjksa ls tqM+s mRikn gksa] iSQ'ku dk ekeyk gks ;k dksbZ vU; mRikn]
nslh laLdj.k dk tknw fc•sjk tk ldrk gSA uxkySaM dh tlfeuk
tsfy;kax us cqukbZ osQ vius iq'rSuh dke osQ tfj;s lkt&lTtk]
ckLosQV cqukbZ vkSj uxk diM+ksa ls rS;kj ?kjsyw mRiknksa osQ {ks=k esa
'kkunkj dke fd;k gSA lkFk gh] bu mRiknksa dks oSf'od cktkj osQ
fglkc ls rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA
jkst+xkj osQ çkÑfrd rjhosQ] f'k{kk] fMtkbu osQ {ks=k esa fu;fer
dke vkSj 'kksèk ekStwnk oDr dh t:jr gSaA iwoksZÙkj osQ ewxk] ,jh
vkSj eVdk flYd o lwrh diM+ksa osQ vykok dbZ vkSj ç;ksx gks
jgs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy, ckal vkSj osQys osQ iÙkksa osQ vykok usVy
iQkbcj] dbZ rjg osQ flYd vkSj Åuh o vU; feys&tqys diM+ksa dk
Hkh bLrseky fd;k tk jgk gSA bl rjg] fMtkbuj vkSj miHkksDrkvksa
dh fnypLih bl {ks=k esa c<+ jgh gSA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa dke djus dh
vyx pqukSrh gSA gkykafd] vc ;gka csgrj dysD'ku rS;kj gksdj
cM+s cktkjksa esa igqap jgs gSaA esjs dke dk eq[; vkèkkj ;g gS fd
vrhr dks Hkfo"; ls tksM+s j•k tk,A eSaus 1999 esa ^laLdkj* uke
diM+s dks iq#"kksa osQ dysD'ku osQ rkSj ij is'k fd;kA
yy Msfu;y fl;e us es?kky; osQ fjHkksbZ ftys osQ cqudjksa }kjk rS;kj
,jh flYd ls tqM+s dysD'ku dks is'k fd;kA
yy dekZ lksue us flfDde dk çfrfufèkRo djus okys lwrh diM+s
vkSj usV dh cqukbZ okys iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa osQ dysD'ku
is'k fd,A
yy fjpkuk •qekuFke us ef.kiqj osQ esrbZ leqnk; }kjk rS;kj diM+ksa
dk dysD'ku is'k fd;kA
yy vjkf=kd ceZu us f=kiqjk dh ijaijkxr 'kSyh esa viuk dysD'ku
is'k fd;k] ftlesa LdkiQZ (gsMjSi) vkSj eksfr;ksa okys gkj ij
tksj jgkA
iwoksZÙkj ekstks esa fMtkbujksa vkSj ysDeS iSQ'ku ohd dh vge
Hkwfedk jghA lkFk gh] vkbZ,eth vkSj la;qDr jk‘ª osQ ,d la;qDr
ls viuk dke 'kq: fd;k FkkA 'kq#vkr esa eSa cps&•qps diM+ksa dks dk;ZØe esa ge yksxksa us vkthfodk dh t:jr] efgykvksa osQ
jhlkbdy vkSj vilkbdy dj Hkkjr&,f'k;kbZ vkdkj esa oqQN ,slk l'kDrhdj.k vkSj iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh gLrdyk ij fo'ks"k è;ku nsus
cukrk Fkk] tks ,d lewg osQ rkSj ij gksA tc eSaus fons'k vkSj Hkkjr dks ysdj ckr dhA blh rjg osQ ekWMy dks è;ku esa j•rs gq, osQaæ
esa iSQ'ku dk;ZØeksa esa fgLlk ysuk 'kq: fd;k] rks ,jh flYd esjs ljdkj Hkh vU; jkT;ksa osQ lkFk feydj dke dj ldrh gSA Hkkjr
dysD'ku dk vge fgLlk cu x;kA ;g flyflyk yacs le; ls esa Ñf"k osQ ckn diM+k vkSj iSQ'ku {ks=k gh lcls cM+s jkst+xkj çnkrk
py jgk gSA lky 2003 ls esjs dysD'ku esa iwoksZÙkj osQ ikjaifjd dh Hkwfedk esa gSaA gesa fMtkbu fo'ks"kKksa vkSj iSQ'ku lapkjdksa osQ
vankt okys diM+s 'kkfey jgs gSaA blosQ rgr eSaus feyh&tqyh lkFk feydj dke djuk gksxkA ;s yksx lks'ky ehfM;k dk bLrseky
fojklr dks è;ku esa j•rs fofHkÂ rjg dh d'khnkdkjh vkSj vkdkjksa dj u fliQZ tkx:drk iSnk dj ldrs gS] cfYd ns'k vkSj nqfu;k esa
ij dke fd;k gSA fiNys oqQN o"kks± esa eSaus eglwl fd;k gS fd gekjs diM+ksa vkSj thou'kSyh osQ ckjs esa yksxksa dks laosnu'khy rjhosQ
bl rjg osQ mRiknksa dh ekax nqfu;k Hkj esa gSA eq>s vesfjdk] ;wjksi ls tkudkjh Hkh eqgS;k djk ldrs gSaA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa nslh diM+ksa
vkSj ,f'k;k osQ vU; fgLlksa esa cqyk;k tkrk gS] tgka eSa iSQ'ku] dh vuks•h laLÑfr gS vkSj gesa bl laLÑfr dks cpkdj j•us osQ
bfrgkl vkSj laLÑfr osQ chp lacaèkksa osQ ckjs esa ckr djrk gwaA lkFk&lkFk bls ekStwnk le; esa T;knk ls T;knk çklafxd cukuk gSA
dukMk osQ oSuowQoj 'kgj esa 2016 esa vk;ksftr ^bdks iSQ'ku ohd* bl fn'kk esa fey&tqydj dke djus dh 'kq#vkr gks pqdh gSA
esa fgLlk ysus osQ fy, eq>s vkeaf=kr fd;k x;k FkkA bl vk;kstu bl fn'kk esa ^7 ohOl* uke ls ,d egRoiw.kZ igy dh xbZ gSA
osQ fy, cqyk;k tkus okyk eSa igyk fMtkbuj FkkA bl dk;ZØe esa blosQ rgr vle osQ yksgkj?kkV ou {ks=k ij fuHkZj LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa
eSaus ewxk o ,jh flYd vkSj flYd :V dh d'khnkdkjh vkSj fçaV osQ lkFk feydj diM+k&ifjèkku fofuekZ.k bdkbZ dh LFkkiuk dh
osQ chp lacaèk osQ ckjs esa crkus dh dksf'k'k dhA mÙkj vesfjdk xbZ gSA bl m|e dks eankfduh xksxksbZ] mek ekèkou vkSj ½rqjkt
esa esjh çfrfufèk vkSj ekuo foKkuh xsy nhoku us feydj 'kq: fd;k gSA gLrdykvksa
ilhZ us Hkh blls lgefr trkbZ vkSj gesa Hkkjr esa Ñf"k osQ ckn diM+k vkSj iSQ'ku osQ chp bl rjg osQ vkSj Hkh
2017 esa fiQj cqyk;k x;kA ysDeS iSQ'ku ohd
vkSj iSQ'ku {ks=k gh lcls cM+s lg;ksx dh t:jr gSA bl rjg osQ ekWMy
2018 esa vle dk çfrfufèkRo djus osQ fy, osQ fodkl osQ fy, gesa dke djus dk
vkbZ,eth fjyk;al osQ fØ,fVo j.kuhfrdkj jkst+xkj çnkrk dh Hkwfedk esa T;knk yksdrkaf=kd joS;k viukus gksxk] rkfd
xkSre othjkuh us eq>ls laidZ fd;kA xkSre gSaA gesa fMtkbu fo'ks"kKksa vkSj dPps eky vkSj rS;kj eky osQ fy, csgrj
bl dk;ZØe esa iwoksZÙkj osQ diM+ksa] cqukbZ vkSj iSQ'ku lapkjdksa osQ lkFk feydj vkiwfrZ Ükà•yk lqfuf'pr losQA iqjkuh phtksa
vU; phtksa dks çeq•rk ls is'k djuk pkgrs dke djuk gksxkA ;s yksx lks'ky dks u, :i esa is'k djus okys fMtkbuj
FksA eSaus lqvkyoqQph osQ cqudjksa }kjk rS;kj ehfM;k dk bLrseky dj u fliQZ osQ rkSj ij esjk ekuuk gS fd gesa iwoksZÙkj
dysD'ku dks êktqyh* osQ rkSj ij is'k fd;k
tkx:drk iSnk dj ldrs gS] {ks=k esa çpyu esa ekStwn vkthfodk osQ bu
tks diM+s vkSj Nk;k fp=k osQ :i esa vle çkÑfrd lkèkuksa dks c<+kok nsuk gksxkA iwjh
dh lkaLÑfrd fof'k‘rkvksa dks is'k djrk cfYd ns'k vkSj nqfu;k esa gekjs nqfu;k vc çkÑfrd thou'kSyh dh rjiQ
FkkA bl dysD'ku us eq[; 'kks dh i`’Hkwfe diM+ksa vkSj thou'kSyh osQ ckjs c<+ jgh gS vkSj iwoksZÙkj esa ;g thou'kSyh
esa iwoksZÙkj dh ledkyhu Nfo is'k dh vkSj esa yksxksa dks laosnu'khy rjhosQ igys ls ekStwn gSA bl cnyrs gq, nkSj esa
;g dksf'k'k dkiQh liQy jghA blesa tsutqe ls tkudkjh Hkh eqgS;k djk gesa fodkl vkSj çkÑfrd thou dks feykus
xknh tSls fMtkbujksa dh vge Hkwfedk jgh ldrs gSaA dh t:jr gSA •kl rkSj ij egkuxjksa esa
ftUgksaus uxkySaM osQ nslh gFkdj?kksa ls rS;kj ;g csgn t:jh gSA n

foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh
usDVj% iwoksZÙkj esa foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh dk etcwr vkèkkj

fufe"k diwj
usDVj&ukWFkZ&bZLV lsaVj iQkWj VsDuksykWth ,IyhosQ'ku ,aM jhp vFkkZr~ iwoksZÙkj esa foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh osQ
ç;ksx vkSj mls ykHkkfFkZ;ksa rd igqapkus dk osQaæ Hkkjr ljdkj osQ foKku vkSj VsDuksykWth foHkkx }kjk
xfBr Lok;Ùk laxBu gS tks iwoksZÙkj osQ yksxksa dks çkS|ksfxdh ls lac¼ lgk;rk vkSj leFkZu miyCèk djkus
okyh ôu LVkWi 'kkWi* gSA usDVj iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ mu fdlkuksa] m|fe;ksa rFkk xzkeh.k fuxeksa] fuekZ.k dk;ks±
;k fdlh vU; m|ksx ls tqM+s fdlh Hkh laxBu dks VsDuksykWth osQ bLrseky vkSj foKku lacaèkh leFkZu nsrk
gS ftls t:jr gksrh gSA
DVj dh LFkkiuk 2012 esa rRdkyhu us'kuy fe'ku vkWu lewgksa dks ckal dh pVkbZ cukus osQ fy, vkfFkZd çksRlkgu fn;k
us cSEcw ,IyhosQ'kal (,u,ech,) vkSj fe'ku vkWu ft;ks&

Lisf'k;y (,eth,) dk foy; djosQ dh xbZ FkhA bldk
eq[;ky; es?kky; ds f'kykax esa gSA usDVj iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ yksxksa
vkSj us'kuy fe'ku vkWu cSEcw ,IyhosQ'ku osQ leFkZu okyh mRiknu
bdkb;ksa ls mudk laidZ LFkkfir djk;kA blls‍ fcpkSfy;ksa dh
nykyh iwjh rjg •Re gks xbZ vkSj okLrfod pVkbZ cqudjksa dks
dks VsDuksykWth osQ ykHk le>kus vkSj igqapkus osQ mís'; ls mu rd vius eky dh lokZfèkd dher feyus yxh rFkk bdkb;ksa dks Hkh
igqaprk gS rkfd mUgsa VsDuksykWth ij vkèkkfjr loksZÙke lsok,a vkSj cf<+;k DokfyVh dk lkeku feyus yxkA ckal cksMZ m|ksx dks usDVj
lekèkku miyCèk gks losQaA usDVj dks iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ lekurk ij dk dkjksckjh leFkZu feyus ls ckal cksMZ cukus okyh 16 bdkb;ksa
vkèkkfjr lexz lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl dk nkf;Ro lkSaik x;k gSA dk fodkl gqvk ftuesa ls 9 bdkb;ka iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ jkT;ksa esa gSaA
oqQN o"kZ igys rd iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ cSEcw (ckal) cksMZ m|ksx iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa usDVj osQ foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh lacaèkh leFkZu
vkSj mlls tqM+h vkS|ksfxd bdkb;ksa osQ lkeus cM+h #dkoVsa FkhaA ls tqM+h liQyrk dh vusd dgkfu;ka gSaA ftu {ks=kksa esa usDVj
oSKkfud rjhosQ vkSj laidZ&lkèku u gksus vkSj dkiQh T;knk ykxr us çeq• Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gS muesa Ñf"k vkSj •k| çlaLdj.k]
vkus osQ dkj.k mUgsa cktkj rd igqapkus esa dfBukb;ka >syuh iM+rh uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lalkèku] fuekZ.k vkSj lac¼ {ks=kksa esa ckal dk
FkhaA usDVj us bu bdkb;ksa dh enn osQ fy, nks igy 'kq: dha & bLrs‍eky rFkk dkS'ky fodkl vkSj jkst+xkj iSnk djuk 'kkfey gSA
igyh rks ;g fd dPps eky (ckal dh pVkbZ) rd igqap dk;e usDVj dk xBu f'kyax esa 2009 esa vk;ksftr 96osa Hkkjrh;
dh vkSj nwljs mu bdkb;ksa dks ns'k osQ çeq• egkuxjksa osQ cktkjksa ls foKku lEesyu dh gh ,d fliQkfj'k osQ vkèkkj ij fd;k x;k
tksM+kA mfpr ewY; ij dPps eky dh fujarj miyCèkrk lqfuf'pr Fkk ftlesa lq>ko fn;k x;k Fkk fd bl {ks=k esa miyCèk çkÑfrd
djus osQ y{; dks è;ku esa j•dj usDVj us fofHkÂ tutkrh; lalkèkuksa dks yksxksa osQ vkfFkZd ykHk vkSj fodkl esa ifjofrZr djus
ys•d Hkkjr ljdkj osQ foKku vkSj VsDuksykWth foHkkx esa foKku çlkj esa ofj’ oSKkfud gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

osQ mís'; ls vkèkqfud foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh t:jrksa dks LFkkuh; mRiknksa vkSj lalkèkuksa osQ
dk bLrseky djus osQ fy, iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa ftu {ks=kksa esa usDVj us çeq• fglkc ls iwjk djus dk ftEek Hkh fuHkkrk
laidZ dk;kZy; •ksyk tk,A blhfy, Hkkjr Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gS muesa Ñf"k vkSj gSA vHkh rd ckal dk bLrseky eq[; :i
ljdkj osQ foKku vkSj VsDuksykWth ea=kky; us •k| çlaLdj.k] uohdj.kh; ls dkxt cukus osQ vkSj gLrf'kYi m|ksxksa
Lok;Ùk laxBu usDVj osQ :i esa iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa gksrk gSA vc usDVj cu tkus ls ckal
esa uksMy lsaVj cukus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA
ÅtkZ la l kèku] fuekZ . k vkS j la c ¼ osQ {ks=k esa ubZ çkS|ksfxdh viukdj fofoèk
usDVj dh vuwBh vkSj fof'k‘ Hkwfedk {ks=kksa esa ckal dk bLrs‍eky rFkk mRikn cuk, tkus yxs gSa vkSj ckal dh
;gh gS fd og jkT; ljdkjksa vkSj vU; dkS'ky fodkl vkSj jkst+xkj iSnk ewY;&laoèkZu xfrfofèk;ka 10 çfr'kr ls
lac¼ laLFkkuksa osQ ijke'kZ ls iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh djuk 'kkfey gSA c<+dj 70 çfr'kr gks xbZ gSaA usDVj us ckal
leL;kvksa osQ lekèkku osQ fy, çkS|ksfxdh osQ mRiknksa dh O;kid jsat fodflr dj yh gS]
bLrseky ij è;ku osQfUær djrk gS vkSj lkekftd fMtkbuj dk blls vusd midj.k rS;kj fd, gSa vkSj cktkj esa ckal osQ u,
nkf;Ro fuHkkrk gSA ;g ,slh VsDuksykWth viukrk gS tks dke;kc mRiknksa dks yksdfç; cukus esa enn dh gSA •klrkSj ij Nr vkSj
gS vkSj osQUæ vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa dh ç;ksx'kkykvksa rFkk lHkh iQ'kZ cukus esa ckal dks bLrseky djus dh çkS|ksfxdh dk fodkl
egRoiw.kZ {ks=kksa osQ LVkWVZ&vIl esa vklkuh ls miyCèk gks ldrh gSA vkSj foLrkj fd;k gsA dpjs vkSj Nhtu dks bLrseky djus dh
usDVj vkarfjd lqj{kk] ty laHkj.k fo'ys"k.k] fiQDLM foax ekbØks rduhd Hkh fodflr dh tk jgh gSA
vu&eSUM (ekuo jfgr) gokbZ okguksa osQ fodkl] lqukeh dh ydM+h osQ fodYi rS;kj djus dh fn'kk esa vusd çkS|ksfxfd;ka
vk'kadk okys {ks=kksa osQ ekufp=khdj.k] czãiq=k unh osQ fdukjksa dk fodflr dh xbZ gSa vkSj bUgsa O;kikfjd rkSj ij viuk;k Hkh tk jgk
ekufp=k rS;kj djus rFkk Hkwfe osQ dVko dk vè;;u djus esa Hkh gS] IykbZoqM dh can ;wfuVksa dh txg ckal dh IykbZ vk xbZ gS] twV
bu çkS|ks‍fxfd;ksa dk ç;ksx djrk gSA vkSj IykfLVd dh txg Hkh ckal dk bLrseky fd;k tk jgk gS]
usDVj us ckal osQ mRiknksa dh bZ&ekdZsfVax iksVZy osQ tfj;s fcØh fctyh mRiknu vkSj FkeZl tSls mRiknksa esa Hkh ckal dk ç;ksx gksus
Hkh 'kq: dh gS ftlls mlosQ leFkZu okyh bdkb;ksa vkSj iwoksZÙkj yxk gS] dpjs vkSj Nhtu dks dke esa ykdj b±èku t:jrsa iwjh dh
osQ LFkkuh; yksxksa dks iQk;nk fey losQ rFkk mRiknd lewgksa vkSj tk jgh gSa] ckal ls js'ksnkj vkSj de fpdukbZ okys inkFkZ Hkh cuk,
miHkksDrkvksa osQ chp dh nwjh de gks losQA ;g lsaVj bu {ks=kksa dh tk jgs gSa] xzkeh.k bykdksa osQ fy, ckal dh yqXnh ls lkiQ&liQkbZ osQ
tSfod fofoèkrkvksa ls tqM+h leL;kvksa] ckal] •k| çlaLdj.k] ty lkeku Hkh cu jgs gSa] ckal dh miyCèk uLy (fdLe) osQ vuq:i
laHkj.k çcaèku] VsyhesfMflu] ckxokuh vkSj uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ dh e'khusa fodflr dh tk jgh gSa] vfXujksèkd] HkwoaQijksèkh vkSj vklkuh

ls baLVk‍y fd, tkus okys çh&iSQfczosQVsM vkSj LFkk;h <kaps Hkh vc gks tkrh gSA iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa ckal vkSj ckal vkèkkfjr lkexzh dks
ckal ls cuk, tkus yxs gSa tks xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh edkuksa] LowQyksa] fofHkÂ fuekZ.kksa esa bLrseky djus dks c<+kok fn;k tk jgk gSA
vLirkyksa vkSj vkink&uqdlku de djus osQ fy, bLrseky gksrs gSaA ydM+h osQ fodYiksa vkSj dEiksftV~l osQ ckjs esa çkS|ksfxfd;ksa
osQaæ us Ñf"k vkSj •k| çlaLoQj.k {ks=k esa ckal dh Vguh vkSj osQ fodkl osQ {ks=k esa cSEcw dEiksftV eSfVfj;y vkSj çh&iSQfczosQfVM
vÂkukl çkslsflax rFkk cM+h fepZ dk vpkj cukus dh ;wfuVsa yxkus vkoklh; ;wfuVksa dk bLrseky djosQ fofHkÂ‍ jkgr vkSj iquokZl
esa lg;ksx vkSj leFkZu fn;k gSA eèkqeD•h ikyu xfrfofèk;ksa dk ifj;kstuk,a 'kq: dh xbZ gSaA m|e osQ rkSj ij budh tkap dh tk
foLrkj djus vkSj elkyksa dh çkslsflax osQ fy, ;wfuVsa yxkus osQ pqdh gS vkSj bUgsa O;kikfjd foLrkj fn;k tk jgk gSA NÙkhlx<+ osQ
fy, Hkh osQaæ enn dj jgk gSA 'kgn tkap ç;ksx'kkyk] pkoy osQ çHkkfor bykdksa esa bathfu;MZ ckal ls Ldwyksa osQ 676 dejs cuk,
ekaM osQ iQjesaVs'ku ls fMªad cukus vkSj ekal osQ ukWu&oSQflZukstsfud x, gSa ftuesa 25 gtkj cPps cSBrs gSaA vaMeku&fudksckj }hi lewg
LeksdlZ tSls m|eksa dks Hkh lgk;rk nh tk jgh gSA gYnh] dkyhfepZ] esa çfrxwatjksèkh dEiksftV lkexzh ls fuekZ.k cuk, x, gSa ftuosQ
rstiÙkk vkSj 'kgn tSls ewY; ofèkZr mRiknksa osQ dkjksckj dks c<+kok njokts vkSj f•M+fd;ksa esa ckal&cksMZ bLrseky fd;k x;k gSA ysg
nsus osQ fy, usDVj us fdlkuksa vkSj çeq• egkuxjksa osQ cktkjksa osQ vkSj vklikl osQ {ks=kksa esa ckny iQVus ls vkus okyh vpkud ck<+
chp laidZ fodflr fd, gSaA tkus&ekus bZ&ekdZsfVax iksVZyksa osQ ls gksus okyk uqdlku de ls de djus osQ mís'; ls djhc 55
tfj, Hkh iwoksZÙkj osQ bu mRiknksa dks yksxksa rd igqapk;k tk jgk gSA gtkj oxZiqQV {ks=k esa çh&iSQfczosQ‍VsM vkoklh; ifjlj cuk;k x;k gS
iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa uohdj.k ÅtkZ dh vikj laHkkouk gS vkSj ftlesa 10 gtkj yksx ,d lkFk jg ldrs gSaA
rHkh usDVj vU; laLFkkuksa osQ lkFk lg;ksx djosQ bu lalkèkuksa flfDde esa jkgr vkSj iquokZl dk;ks± osQ rgr rhu txgksa ij 10
ij dk;Z dj jgk gS vkSj bldk bjknk lkSj] cM+h vkoklh; ;wfuVsa cukbZ xbZ FkhaA ef.kiqj
iou] ck;ksekl vkSj gkbZfczM çfØ;kvksa usDVj dh vuwBh vkSj fof'k‘ esa ^loZ f'k{kk vfHk;ku* osQ varxZr ^feM&Ms
tSls uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ Ïksrksa ij vkèkkfjr Hkwfedk ;gh gS fd og jkT; ehy ;kstuk* osQ rgr fdpu&lg&LVksj cukus
VsDuksykWth fodflr djus dk gSA ljdkjksa vkSj vU; lac¼ osQ fy, ckal osQ çh&iSQfczosQ‍VsM LVªDpj cukus
gfjr lkexzh igy okyh ckal&vkèkkfjr 'kq: fd, x, FksA LoPN‍ vkSj uohdj.kh;
çkS|ksfxfd;ka
la L Fkkuks a os Q ijke'kZ ls iw o ks Z Ù kj fctyh dk mRiknu djus osQ fy, ckal osQ
usDVj gfjr lkexzh igy osQ rgr ckal ls {ks=k dh leL;kvksa osQ lekèkku cus xSlhiQk;lZ fodflr fd, x, gSa vkSj
cuh fuekZ.k lkexzh fodflr djus dh fn'kk osQ fy, çkS|ksfxdh osQ bLrseky gkbZxzsM pkjdksy tSls dbZ mi;ksxh lg&mRikn
esa dk;Z dj jgk gSA blosQ rgr LVªDpjy ij è;ku osQfUær djrk gS vkSj Hkh fodflr fd, x, gSaA
bathfu;fjax ls tqM+h ifj;kstukvksa dks enn lkekftd fMtkbuj dk nkf;Ro ckal dh Nhtu vkSj dpjs ls cf<+;k
nh tk jgh gS vkSj mPp‍&Vsulkby&LVªsaFk fuHkkrk gSA ;g ,slh VsDuksykWth fdLe dk ydM+h dk dks;yk vkSj ,fDVosfVM
rFkk osV&Vq&LVªsaFk & vuqikr osQ‍ fglkc ls dkcZu cukus dh çfØ;k osQ rgr vuqlaèkku
ckal osQ fuekZ.k fodflr fd, tk jgs gSaA
viukrk gS tks dke;kc gS vkS j vkSj fodkl osQ fy, ckal osQ fofoèk vkSj
bu ifj;kstukvksa osQ vkèkkj ij gh fofHkÂ os Q Uæ vkS j jkT; ljdkjks a dh O;kid vkS|ksfxd bLrseky dh igpku
mi;ksxksa osQ fy, HkwoaQijksèkh] de Hkkj okys] ç;ksx'kkykvksa rFkk lHkh egRoiw.kZ dh xbZ gSA ckal dk ç;ksx nqx±èkuk'kd]
fVdkÅ vkSj vkd"kZd <kaps cukus ij tksj {ks=kksa osQ LVkWVZ&vIl esa vklkuh ls dhVk.kquk'kd] vkS"kfèk] Ñf"k jlk;u vkSj
fn;k tk jgk gSA blls fjgkb'kh edku vkSj miyCèk gks ldrh gSA çnw"k.k rFkk vR;fèkd ueh dks lks•us okys
fo'ks"k mís'; okyh bekjrsa cukus esa lqfoèkk mRikn rS;kj djus esa fd;k tkus yxk gSA usDVj

us IykfLVd dEiksftV mRiknksa] esosQukbTM nwljh ^ckal* vFkkZr cSEcw ,IyhosQ'kUl ,aM
cSEcw CykbaM~l] ,fØfyd mRiknksa] iQkbcj ls liksVZ Ldh‍eA bu nksuksa ;kstukvksa dk mís';
usDVj us xzkeh.k yksxksa dks
cus gkbftu mRiknksa vkfn vusd uokpkjksa yksxksa] leqnk;ksa] LFkkuh; fudk;ksa] LoS‍fPNd
vkSj çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dks lgk;rk miyCèk djk leq f pr vkS j fVdkÅ vkthfodk laxBuksa] Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa vkSj vuqlaèkku
jgk gSA ckal dh dye dh vk;q dk irk miyCèk djkus osQ mís';‍ rFkk VsDuksykWth osQ lkFk Hkkxhnkjh cukdj bl
yxkus osQ fy, osQaæ us ifjiDork ukius dh ls dkS'ky fodkl osQ dbZ {ks=k dk foLrkj djuk gSA
ç.kkyh Hkh fodflr dh gSA bl ç.kkyh esa dk;ZØe 'kq: fd, gSaA fofHkÂ ^VkWl* usDVj dh çeq• ;kstuk gS ftlosQ
ckal dh dye osQ iwQVus (fudyus) dk o"kZ xfrfofèk;ksa vkSj •kldj fuekZ.k rgr yksxksa vkSj laLFkkuksa ls laidZ cukdj
isaV ls vafdr fd;k tkrk gSA usDVj us ÝywV
vkSj pVkbZ cukus osQ m|ksx esa iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ çkS|ksfxdh ij vkèkkfjr
VsDuksykWth (ckalqjh çkS|ksfxdh) fodflr dh lekèkku rS;kj fd, tkrs gSa ftuls bl {ks=k
gS ftls dye dVkbZ ;k LVse lSfVax (MaBy gh us D Vj us çfro"kZ djhc 3 dh lkekftd vkSj vkfFkZd çxfr laHko gks
jksi.k) rduhd dgk tkrk gS ftlls ckal djksM+ tufnuksa osQ jkst+xkj osQ ldrh gSA blosQ ekè;e ls yksxksa dks vius
dk çFke jhtSujs'ku (uothou) gksrk gSA volj tqVk,A iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh mRiknksa vkSj lsokvksa esa ewY;laoèkZu vkSj
dkS'ky vkèkkfjr çf'k{k.k ls ekuo efgyk cqudj pVkbZ cukus dh lqèkkj djosQ viuk thou csgrj cukus dk
lalkèkuksa dk fodkl xfrfofèk;ksa esa yxh gqbZ gSa vkSj volj feyrk gSA fiQj ;g fd blosQ fy,
usDVj us xzkeh.k yksxksa dks leqfpr vkSj
vkenuh djus osQ lkFk gh viuh LFkkuh; çkÑfrd vkSj ekuo lalkèku gh
fVdkÅ vkthfodk miyCèk djkus osQ mís';‍ i;kZIr gksrs gSaA
ls dkS'ky fodkl osQ dbZ dk;ZØe 'kq: lkekftd&vkfFkZ d fLFkfr lq è kkjus nwljh ;kstuk ^ckal* esa lkoZtfud&futh
fd, gSaA fofHkÂ xfrfofèk;ksa vkSj •kldj es a liQy gks jgh gS a A Hkkxhnkjh (ihihih) O;oLFkk osQ varxZr
fuekZ.k vkSj pVkbZ cukus osQ m|ksx esa gh jkst+xkj tqVkus vkSj vkthfodk osQ fVdkÅ
usDVj us çfro"kZ djhc 3 djksM+ tufnuksa (eSu Mst+) osQ jkst+xkj lkèku miyCèk djkus osQ fy, ckal osQ ç;ksx osQ fofHkÂ {ks=kksa esa
osQ volj tqVk,A iwoksZÙkj {ks=k dh efgyk cqudj pVkbZ cukus dh lgk;rk nh tkrh gS vkSj ;g ;kstuk fo'ks"k :i ls xjhc vkSj oafpr
xfrfofèk;ksa esa yxh gqbZ gSa vkSj vkenuh djus osQ lkFk gh viuh oxks± osQ yksxksa vkSj efgykvksa osQ fy, pykbZ tk jgh gSA bl ;kstuk
lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr lqèkkjus esa liQy gks jgh gSaA xkaoksa vkSj ls lkeqnkf;d lewgksa] Lo;a&lgk;rk lewgksa vkSj yksxksa osQ foosQafær
lkeqnkf;d LFkyksa esa ckal dh MafM;ksa dk fuekZ.k djus osQ fy, la?kksa dks Hkh ckal mRiknksa ls tqM+h vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ksa vkSj ewY;
usDVj vkSj fdiQk;rh njksa ij dPpk eky nsus osQ vykok dkS'ky laoèkZu çkslsflax osQ fy, rFkk ckal çkS|ksfxfd‍;ksa osQ foLrkj vkSj
fodkl osQ fy, Vªsfuax Hkh nsrk gS rFkk çkslsflax osQ fy, cqfu;knh l'kDrhdj.k osQ mik; viukus osQ fy, enn nh tkrh gSA
e'khusa Hkh miyCèk djkbZ tkrh gSaA pVkbZ cquus] çkÑfrd jaxksa dk usDVj us iQjojh] 2019 osQ rhljs lIrkg esa gqbZ csekSle
bLrseky] ckal dh Vgfu;ksa dh çkslsflax] vxjcÙkh cukus tSlh cjlkr ls vkyw dh iQly dks gq, uqdlku dk oSKkfud fo'yss"k.k
xfrfofèk;ksa esa yxs yksxksa dks dkS'ky fodkl çf'k{k.k fn;k tkrk djus gsrq ^çèkkuea=kh iQly chek ;kstuk* osQ rgr iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ
gSA eèkqeD•h ikyu] cqudjh vkfn {ks=kksa esa Hkh O;kid çf'k{k.k fo|kfFkZ;ksa osQ fy, VsDuksykWth vkmVjhp dk;ZØe 'kq: fd;k FkkA
fn;k tk jgk gSA blus nks ftyksa esa djhc 12]035 oxZ fdyksehVj {ks=k esa fjeksV lsaflax
jkst+xkj tqVkus osQ fy, çkS|ksfxdh lekèkkuksa dh ;kstuk,a VsDuksykWth bLrseky djosQ 25 fnu osQ fjdkWMZ le; esa lewpk iQhYM
;g osQaæ iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa nks cM+h ;kstuk,a pyk jgk gSA igyh odZ vkSj fo'yss"k.k djosQ varfje vkSj iQkbuy fjiksVZ ,uvkbZlh
gS ^VkWl* vFkkZr VsDuksykWth vkmVjhp ,aM lfoZl Ldhe rFkk dks lkSai nhA

bl ifj;kstuk dk mís'; iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fjeksV NksVk thih,l] ,d vfr y?kq vkWVks ik;yV vkSj oaQT;w~ej xzsM
lsaflax vkSj thvkbZ,l ,IyhosQ'kUl‍ VsDuksykWth bLrseky djosQ okyk fMftVy oSQejk yxk jgrk gSA bl ;w,oh dks vklkuh ls
mixzg ls çkIr fp=kksa osQ vkadM+ksa dk fo'ys"k.k djus dk vuqHko vkWijsV fd;k tk ldrk gSA 5 ikSaM Hkkj okyk ;g foeku fdlh
djkuk Hkh FkkA Hkh yksosQ'ku ls ykap fd;k tk ldrk gSA bldk 'kfDr'kkyh vkWVks
3&Mh fMftVy Vsjsu ekWMyksa osQ ç;ksx ls vkarfjd lqj{kk ik;yV gh bls iwoZfuèkkZfjr ÅapkbZ ij pykrk gSA mM+ku l=k osQ
,IyhosQ'ku nkSjku ;w,oh okfil ogha ykSV vkrk gS vkSj vkWijsVj bls gkFk ls
3&Mh fMftVy Vsjsu ekWMyksa dks jkT; iqfyl vkSj vèkZlSfud ySaM djkrk gSA
cy ?kqliSB jksdus dh vkSj iQhYM vkWijs'ku pykus dh xfrfofèk;ksa usDVj osQ ekbØks ;w,oh ls lqukeh dh vk'kadk okys 500
dh ;kstuk cukus esa bLrseky dj ldrs gSaA iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa vkSj 'ks"k oxZ fdyksehVj {ks=k osQ fp=k •hapdj uD'kk rS;kj fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjr osQ yxHkx 6 yk• oxZ fdyksehVj HkkSxksfyd {ks=k dk fMftVy 3&Mh Vsjsu ekWMy bLrseky djus ls ck<+ osQ çdksi okys {ks=k
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osQ :i esa djhc 70 vkcknh dk dkiQh gn
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fd, x, gSaA bl osQUæ osQ mls de ls de j•us
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dks buosQ liQyrkiwoZd bLrseky dh Vªsfuax nh gSA (Mh,l,e) vkSj ySaM ;wt MkVk dh osQl LV~Mh iwjh dh tk pqdh
usDVj us 3&Mh Vsjsu ekWMy dh enn ls fofHkÂ Jsf.k;ksa gSA bl {ks=k osQ fp=kksa ls lqj{kk rVksa dh fLFkfr vkSj Hkwfe osQ dVko
(çkFkfed] mPp çkFkfed] ekè;fed vkSj lhfu;j lsosaQMjh Lrj) dh gkyr dh tkudkjh feyh gSA
osQ LowQyksa dh uscjgqM eSfiax vkSj thvkbZ,l fo'ys"k.k fd;k gSA usDVj iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ fodkl esa vge Hkwfedk fuHkk jgk
osQaæ us Hkkjr ljdkj osQ ^f'k{kk osQ vfèkdkj* dk;ZØe osQ ekudksa gSA çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dks lkekU; yksxksa] fofHkÂ laxBuksa] m|fe;ksa vkSj
osQ vkèkkj ij mu txgksa esa LowQy cuk, gSa tgka vHkh rd LowQy fdlkuksa ls tksM+uk cgqr t:jh gS rkfd ml VsDuksykWth dk eSaMsV
ugha FksA vle esa 66]115 LowQyksa vkSj 81]240 cfLr;ksa dk vkSj fl¼ gks tk,A iwoksZÙkj osQ yksxksa dks usDVj }kjk fodflr vkSj
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ekuojfgr fiQdLMfoax ekbØks gokbZ okgu dh dgkfu;ksa dks iwoksZÙkj osQ Ñf"k foKku osQaæksa] ,uthvks] lkeqnkf;d
usDVj }kjk fodflr ekuojfgr gokbZ okgu (;w,oh) fiQDLM osQaæksa] uokpkj osQaæksa vkSj dkWyst] ;wfuoflZVh vkfn esa Hkstk tkuk
foax fdLe osQ ekbØks ;w,oh gSaA ;s Lor% funZsf'kr foeku gSa pkfg, rkfd iwoksZÙkj {ks=k osQ lHkh oxks± osQ yksx budk ykHk çkfIr
ftuesa fofHkÂ fdLeksa osQ miHkksDrk lsalj Hksts tk ldrs gSa vkSj dj losQaA
bu&fcYV thih,l dh enn ls Hkwfe ij Hksts tk ldus okys fp=k usDVj dh ;kstukvksa dk fooj.k www.nectar.org.in ij
fy, tk ldrs gSaA jsfM;ks fu;a=k.k okys bl XykbMj foeku esa ,d miyCèk gSA n
xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk
ckal % vkthfodk dk egRoiw.kZ lalk/u

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tc Hkkjr dh xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk esa u, jkLrs [kksyus dh ckr vkrh gS] rks blds fy, lkekftd&vkfFkZd
laèkkj.kh;rk ds mRçsjd ds :i esa ,d çeq[k lalkèku&ckal dk dk;kdYi djuk vko';d gksxkA
nq fu;k esa lcls rsth ls c<+us okys ikSèkksa esa ls ,d&

ckal] dbZ rjg dh tyok;q ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa thfor jg
ldrk gS vkSj iui ldrk gSA Ñf"k vkSj vkS|ksfxd
esa okafNr fodkl ugha gqvk gSA fiNys dbZ o"kksaZ esa] Hkkjr ckal
mRiknksa ds fu;kZr dh rqyuk esa vfèkd vk;kr dj jgk gSA vuqekuksa
ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr esa ckal dh [ksrh dk dsoy 6 çfr'kr cktkj
nksuksa {ks=kksa esa mi;ksx fd;s tkus okys ckal dh vuqdwyu {kerk] de rd igqaprk gSA ?kjsyw ckal m|ksx bldh ewY; Ükà[kyk esa dbZ rjg
ykxr vkSj vklku rFkk cgq mi;ksx bls lalkèku&dq'ky vkthfodk ds eqíksa ds dkj.k ihNs gS] ftuesa ckal dh [ksrh vkSj dVkbZ ds
ds fy, ,d vkn'kZ lkexzh cukrs gaSA ckal dk mi;ksx thou ds fy, fu;ked rFkk foèkk;h ckèkk,a] bldh [kjhn esa pqukSfr;ka] ckal
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dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA ckal dk mi;ksx gLrf'kYi tSls pVkbZ] iQuhZpj vi;kZIr cktkj ekax 'kkfey gaSA
vkSj Vksdfj;ka] f[kykSus] ltkoVh lkeku vkSj midj.k rFkk vkStkj bl lanHkZ esa] dksfoM&19 ds ckn vFkZO;oLFkk dks mckjus ds
cukus esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA xjhc balku dh ydM+h ds :i esa fy,] vkRekfuHkZj Hkkjr vkSj lcdk lkFk] lcdk fodkl ds lkFk
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Ñf"k&okfudh lalkèku cukrh gSA {ks=k ,d mRÑ"V volj fey ik;k gSA
oSf'od m|ksx fjiksVZ 2019&2025 ds vuqlkj] ckal dk ckal ds cgqmís'kh; vkSj i;kZoj.k ds vuqdwy mi;ksx us bls
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ckal dks fVdkÅ vkSj mPp xq.koÙkk dh ydM+h
ds fodYi ds :i esa mi;ksx djus ds rjhds
miyCèk djkrh gSaA
Hkkjr esa] ou {ks=k vkSj fofoèkrk dh n`f"V
ls ckal ,d egRoiw.kZ ikSèkk gSA ;g ns'k Hkj esa
13-96 fefy;u gsDVs;j ls vfèkd {ks=k esa mxk;k
tkrk gSA ckal eè; çns'k vkSj iwoksZÙkj jkT;ksa
esa çeq[k :i ls iQy&iQwy jgk gSA okLro esa]
vdsys iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa Hkkjr ds dqy ckal dk 60
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gkykafd] fo'o esa ckal dk nwljk lcls
cM+k mRiknd gksus ds ckotwn Hkkjr esa] bl {ks=k
ysf[kdk bUosLV bafM;k dh dk;Zuhfrd fuos’k vuqlaèkku bdkbZ esa lgk;d mikè;{k gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

mís'; bl {ks=k esa fodkl
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dks izksRlkfgr djuk vkSj
bldh foi.ku {kerk dks c<+kuk nsuk egRoiw.kZ gSA dk mn~?kkVu fd;kA bl volj ij jk"Vªh; ckal fe'ku ds fy, yksxks
Hkkjr esa ckal m|ksx ds rgr ekax o`f¼ ds dkjd Hkh tkjh fd;k x;kA csar vkSj ckal çkS|ksfxdh dsaæ us iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr esa
tula[;k rFkk vk; o`f¼_ c<+rs fu;kZr vkSj vuqdy w tulkaf[;dh_ yksxksa dh vkthfodk ds lzksr ds fy, ckal m|ksxksa ds lrr fodkl
gkbfczM rFkk vkuqofa 'kd :i ls la'kksfèkr cht_ Ñf"k rFkk fofoèk ds okLrs ,d ifj;kstuk rS;kj dh gSA tutkrh; ekeyksa ds ea=kky;
iQlyksa ds vuqdy w tyok;q_ e'khuhÑr flapkbZ lqfoèkk,a_ iwohZ Hkkjr us 4 ih 1000 igy% lhvksih 14 ;w,ulhlhMh 2019 esa cacwukWfeDl
esa gfjr Økafr_ Hkkjr esa etcwr tulkaf[;dh; rFkk O;kid Je 'kfDr ds ekè;e ls tutkrh; ifjçs{; dh 'kq#vkr dh gSA uhfr vk;ksx
dh miyCèkrk_ laLFkkxr ½.k esa o`f¼_ U;wure leFkZu ewY; esa o`f¼_ us miyCèk [kkyh Hkwfe lalkèkuksa ds mi;ksx vkSj fdlkuksa ds fy,
ijEijkxr Ñf"k fodkl ;kstuk] çèkkuea=kh xzke flapkbZ ;kstuk] lkaln foÙkh; oguh;rk ds fy, [kknh vkSj xzkeks|ksx vk;ksx dh viuh
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xksnkeksa dh lqfoèkk tSlh igyA ;ksxnku gks ldrk gSA
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ç;kl fd, tk jgs gSAa jk"Vªh; Lrj ij] i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ls xzkeh.k vkthfodk vkSj cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl ds voljksa dks
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fodkl dks lefiZr ekfld lwpuk ,oa izlkj.k ea=kky; xzkeh.k fodkl ij ekfld
(fganh] vaxzsth] mnwZ o 10 vU; Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa) Hkkjr ljdkj (fganh vkSj vaxzsth)
vktdy jkst+xkj lekpkj cky Hkkjrh

lkfgR; ,oa laLÑfr dk ekfld lkIrkfgd cPpksa dh ekfld if=kdk
(fganh rFkk mnwZ) (fganh] vaxzsth rFkk mnwZ) (fganh)
?kj ij gekjh if=kdk,a eaxkuk gS dkiQh vklku---

vkidks fliQZ uhps fn, x, ^Hkkjr dks'k* ds fyad ij tk dj if=kdk ds fy, vkWuykbu fMftVy Hkqxrku djuk gS&
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प्लान बाल भारती रोज़गार समाचार
आजकल (सभी भाषा) शामिल है। कोविड-19 महामारी के मद्देनज़र
वर्ष रजिस्टर्ड डाक रजिस्टर्ड डाक मुद्रित प्रति (साधारण डाक) ई-ससं ्करण नए ग्राहकों को अब रोज़गार समाचार के
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2 ` 838 ` 708 ` 1000 ` 750 डाक से ही भेजी जाएगं ी। परु ाने ग्राहकों के
3 ` 1222 ` 1032 ` 1400 ` 1050 लिए मौजदू ा व्यवस्था बनी रहेगी।
ऑनलाइन के अलावा आप डाक द्वारा डिमांड ड्राफ्ट, भारतीय पोस्टल आर्डर या मनीआर्डर से भी प्लान के अनसु ार निर्धारित राशि भेज सकते हैं। डिमांड ड्राफ्ट,
भारतीय पोस्टल ऑडर या मनीआर्डर ‘अपर महानिदेशक, प्रकाशन विभाग, सच ू ना एवं प्रसारण मंत्रालय’ के पक्ष में नई दिल्ली में देय होना चाहिए।
रोज़गार समाचार की 6 माह की सदस्यता का प्लान भी उपलब्ध है, प्रिंट संस्करण रु. 265/-, ई-संस्करण रु. 200/-, कृ पया ऑनलान भुगतान के लिए
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अपने डीडी, पोस्टल आर्डर या मनीआर्डर के साथ नीचे दिया गया ‘सदस्यता कूपन’ या उसकी फोटो कॉपी में सभी विवरण भरकर हमें भेजे। भेजने का पता है-
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Ñi;k uksV djsa fd if=kdk Hkstus esa] lnL;rk 'kqYd izkIr gksus ds ckn de ls de vkB lIrkg yxrs gSa]
Ñi;k brus le; izrh{kk djsa vkSj if=kdk u feyus dh f'kdk;r bl vof/ ds ckn djsaA
lnL;rk owQiu (ubZ lnL;[email protected]@irs esa ifjorZu)

Ñi;k eq>s 1@2@3 o"kZ ds Iyku ds rgr -------------------------------------------------------------------- if=kdk --------------------- Hkk"kk esa HkstsaA
uke (lkiQ o cM+s v{kjksa esa) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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MhMh@ihvks@,evks la- ---------------------------------------------------------- fnukad -------------------------- lnL;rk la- ----------------------------

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ls fudys gSa vkSj iqQVckWy] eqDosQckth] ,FkysfVDl] oqQN fn;k gSA
gkWdh vkSj HkkjksÙkksyu esa varjkZ‘ªh; eap ij viuh eSjhdkWe vkSj oqQt
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Nki NksM+ jgs gSaA i+QqVcky rks •kl rkSj ij bl {ks=k dh tku gSA ns'k HkkjksÙkksyu vdknfe;ka •ksyh gSAa ;s vdknfe;ka Nk=kksa dks eqÝr dksfpax
osQ vfèkdrj Dycksa esa iwoksZÙkj osQ f•ykM+h ns•us dks fey ldrs gSaA osQ vykok eqÝr Bgjuk vkSj •kuk Hkh miyCèk djkrh gS]a blosQ vykok
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dIrku ckbpqax HkwfV;k] 2014 Xyklxks jk‘ªeaMy •syksa dh jtr 16 iQhlnh osQ jk‘ªh; vkSlr ls nksxquk ls Hkh T;knk gSA
fotsrk ,y lfjrk nsoh] Lo.kZ fotsrk vkSj vtZqu iqjLdkj fotsrk fet+ksje esa •syksa dks m|ksx dk ntkZ
t;ar rkyqdnkj 2014 jk‘ªeaMy •syksa dh Lo.kZ fotsrk HkkjksÙkksyd fet+ksje eaf=keaMy us 22 ebZ 2020 dks jkT; esa •sy {ks=k
osQ lathrk pkuw] vkSj fo'o pSafi;uf'ki dh Lo.kZ fotsrk vkSj dks c<+kok nsus osQ fy, •syksa dks m|ksx dk ntkZ fn;kA fet+ksje
ns'k osQ 'kh"kZ •sy iqjLdkj jktho ,slk djus okyk ns'k dk igyk
xkaèkh •sy jRu ls lEekfur jkT; gSA fet+ksje us ns'k ls
HkkjksÙkksyd lS•kse ehjk ckbZ pkuw •sy txr esa viuh igpku
oqQN ,sls uke gSa tks bl le; cukbZ gSA fet+ksje us •kldj
lcdh tqcku ij gSa vkSj vkus iqQVcky esa viuh igpku cukbZ
o"kks± esa Hkh ;kn fd;s tk,axsA gSA jkT; osQ dbZ f•ykM+h ns'k
,d loZs{k.k osQ vuqlkj osQ vyx&vyx iqQVcky Dycksa
14 gtkj ls T;knk çfrHkk'kkyh esa •sy jgs gSaA bl jkT; us
iwoksZÙkj osQ f•ykM+h ns'k Hkj iqQVckWy osQ vfrfjDr gkWdh vkSj
esa Hkkjrh; •sy çkfèkdj.k dh HkkjksÙkksyu esa Hkh vPNk fd;k
fofHkÂ ;kstukvksa esa Vªsfuax ys jgs gSa ftuesa 10 gtkj yM+osQ vkSj gSA fet+ksje osQ yxHkx 150 f•ykM+h Hkkjr dh 'kh"kZ iqQVckWy yhx
pkj gtkj yM+fd;ka 'kkfey gSaA bafM;u lqij yhx (vkbZ,l,y) esa •syrs gSaA
yy lkbZ osQaæksa esa pkj gtkj yM+dh çf'k{kqvksa esa ls 23 iQhlnh 143 •syks bafM;k osQaæ •ksyus dk iSQlyk
;kuh 910 v#.kkpy] ef.kiqj] es?kky;] fet+ksje] uxkySaM] osQaæh; •sy ea=kky; us tehuh Lrj ij çfrHkkvksa dks fu•kjus
flfDde vkSj f=kiqjk esa çf'kf{kr gks jgh gSaA bUgsa 290 lkbZ osQ fy, lkr jkT;ksa esa oqQy 143 ^•syks bafM;k* osQaæ •ksyus dk
osQaæksa esa vkoklh; vkSj xSj vkoklh; vkèkkj ij 27 •syksa esa iSQlyk fd;k gS] ftl ij oqQy 14-30 djksM+ #i;s dk •pZ vk,xkA
Vªsfuax nh tk jgh gSA bu osQaæksa dks egkjk‘ª] fet+ksje] xksok] dukZVd] eè;çns'k] v#.kkpy
yy ns'k esa fLFkr 14 {ks=kh; iqQVckWy vdknfe;ksa esa ls ,d çns'k vkSj ef.kiqj esa LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA çR;sd osQaæ esa fdlh
vdkneh bEiQky esa fLFkr gSA vle vkSj ef.kiqj esa gj rjg ,d •sy dh lqfoèkk miyCèk gksxhA buesa ls rhu jkT; rks iwoksZÙkj
osQ ekSle osQ fy, flaFksfVd ,FkysfVDl VªSd cus gq, gSaA esa gh gSaA osQaæh; •sy ea=kh fdjsu fjfttw us dgk] ^Hkkjr dks 2028
ys[kd] ofj"B [ksy i=kdkj gSaA bZesy% [email protected]

iwoksZÙkj dks jks'ku djrha
iw oksZÙkj esa T;knkrj efgyk f•ykM+h rhu jkT;ksa ef.kiqj]
vle vkSj fet+ksje ls gSaA ef.kiqj ls yhtsaM eqDosQckt+
,e lh eSjhdke] lkr ckj fo'o pSafi;uf'ki dh jtr
,elh eSjhdkWe
iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr osQ ef.kiqj dh bl efgyk
ckWDlj us viuh ckWfDlax osQ ne ij iwjh nqfu;k
fotsrk HkkjksÙkksyd oqQatjkuh nsoh] gkWdh f•ykM+h vuqjkèkk nsoh esa viuk vkSj Hkkjr dk uke jks'ku fd;k gSA
Fkksdpkse] iqQVckWyj jruckyk nsoh] iqQVckWyj uaxxkse nsoh gSaA eSjh 6 ckj fo'o pSafi;u jg pqdh gSaA mu
ij ck;ksfid cu pqdh gSA jkT;lHkk lkaln
vle ls eqDosQckt yoyhuk cksxksZgSu] rhjankt xgsyk cksjks]
cu pqdh eSjh dks gky gh esa csLV ,f'k;u oweu ,FkyhV vokWMZ
eqDosQckt tequk cksjks vkSj ehjkckbZ pkuw gSaA fet+ksje ls gkWdh Hkh fn;k x;k gSA blls igys eSjh dkWeuosYFk xsEl lfgr dbZ
f•ykM+h ykyjsefl;kfe gSaA gkykafd ekmaV ,ojsLV dks iQrg çfr;ksfxrkvksa esa <sjksa xksYM esMy thr pqdh gSaA gky esa mUgksaus
djus okyh efgyk ioZrkjksgh va'kq tkelsuik v#.kkpy çns'k nqcbZ esa vk;ksftr ,f'k;kbZ eqDosQckth esa jtr ind thrk tks mudk
ls] nhik djekdj f=kiqjk ls rFkk rhjankt psØksoksyq Loqjks lkroka ,f'k;kbZ ind FkkA mUgksaus ns'k dks VksD;ks vksyfEid dk
uxkySaM ls gSaA dksVk Hkh fnyk;k gSA
Hkkjr osQ iwoksZÙkj jkT; Hkkjr osQ oqQN lcls vfèkd fgek nkl
ekU;rk çkIr varjjk‘ªh; f•ykfM+;ksa osQ ?kj gSaA 2012 yanu vle osQ fèkax dh jgus okyh fèkax ,Dlçsl
vksyafid dh dkaL; ind fotsrk vkSj Ng ckj dh fo'o osQ uke ls e'kgwj gks pqdh fgek nkl us gky gh
'kkSfd;k&eqDosQckth pSafi;u eSjhdkWe] 2014 Xyklxks jk‘ªeaMy esa fo'oLrjh; jsflax esa ,d osQ ckn ,d yxkrkj
•syksa esa jtr ind fotsrk eqDosQckt ,y lfjrk nsoh] 2014 5 xksYM esMy vius uke dj ns'k dk flj xoZ
Xyklxks jk‘ªeaMy •syksa esa Lo.kZ ind fotsrk HkkjksÙkksyd ls Åapk dj fn;k FkkA fgek dks vle ljdkj
}kjk jkT; esa •syksa dh czkaM ,EcslsMj Hkh fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA
osQ- lathrk pkuw vkSj ehjkckbZ pkuw] ftUgksaus fo'o HkkjksÙkksyu
blosQ vykok mudks ;wfulsiQ bafM;k dh ;wFk ,acslsMj Hkh fu;qfDr
pSafi;uf'ki thrus osQ fy, jk‘ªh; fjdkWMZ rksM+k] oqQN ,sls fd;k tk pqdk gSA
uke gSaA ehjkckbZ us VksD;ks vksyfEid osQ fy, Hkh DokyhiQkbZ nhik djekdj
dj fy;k gSA eqDosQckt eSjhdkWe vkSj yoyhuk cksxksZgSu Hkh f=kiqjk dh jgus okyh nhik us igyh ckj
VksD;ks vksyfEid osQ fy, DokyhiQkbZ dj pqdh gSaA 2016 lej vksyafid Hkkjrh; ftEuk‘ osQ
tula[;k osQ vuqlkj iwoksZÙkj Hkkjr oqQy Hkkjrh; rkSj ij Hkkx fy;k FkkA blls igys mUgksaus
vkcknh dk osQoy 3-7 izfr'kr gSA ogka osQ ;qok fofHkÂ 2014 dkWeuosYFk xsEl esa dkaL; ind thrdj
•syksa] fo'ks"k :i ls ef.kiqj osQ yksx •syksa osQ çfr vius ns'k vkSj nqfu;k dk è;ku viuh vksj •hapkA
>qdko osQ fy, tkus tkrs gSaA vksyafid •syksa esa Hkkjrh; ftEukLV osQ rkSj ij Hkkx ysus okyh oks
vksyafid esa 'kh"kZ nl ns'kksa esa 'kkfey djus dk gekjk ç;kl gSA <kapk rS;kj fd;k x;k gS] ftlesa iwoZ pSafi;u ,FkyhV ;qokvksa osQ
bls gkfly djus osQ fy, gesa f•ykfM+;ksa dh mudh NksVh mez esa fy, çf'k{kd vkSj lykgdkj cusaxsA
gh igpku djus vkSj mUgsa fu•kjus dh vko';drk gSA jkT;okj ef.kiqj osQ Kkusaæ fuaxksEce gkWdh bafM;k osQ vè;{k gSaA gkWdh
osQ fglkc ls iwoksZÙkj esa LFkkfir gksus okys •syks bafM;k osQaæksa dk osQ 'kklh fudk;] gkWdh bafM;k us 6 uoacj] 2020 dks viuh
fooj.k bl çdkj gS& 10oha gkWdh bafM;k dkaxzsl vkSj pquko vk;ksftr fd,] tgka Kkusaæ
fet+ksje% 20 yk• #i;s osQ ctV vuqeku osQ lkFk dksykflc fuaxksEce] fufoZjksèk pqus tkus ij] iwoksZÙkj {ks=k ls gkWdh bafM;k osQ
ftys esa nks •syks bafM;k osQaæA igys vè;{k cu x, gSaA fuaxksEce fiNys 40 o"kks± ls jkT; esa gkWdh
v#.kkpy çns'k% 4-12 djksM+ #i;s osQ ctV vuqeku osQ osQ •sy ls tqM+s gSaA og iwoksZÙkj {ks=k esa tehuh Lrj ij gkWdh osQ
lkFk 26 ftyksa esa 52 •syks bafM;k osQaæA •sy osQ fodkl esa Hkh lfØ; :i ls 'kkfey jgs gSaA
ef.kiqj% 1-60 djksM+ #i;s osQ ctV vuqeku osQ lkFk 16 eqDosQckth osQ igys lqijLVkj fMadks flag
•syks bafM;k osQaæA ef.kiqj osQ bEiQky osQ ,f'k;kbZ •syksa osQ Lo.kZ ind fotsrk
lacafèkr jkT; ljdkjksa dks vc bu lHkh osQaæksa osQ fy, iwoZ eqDosQckt uxaxkse fMadks flag dk oSQalj vkSj dksjksuk ls tw>us osQ
pSafi;u ,FkyhVksa dks fu;qDr djuk gksxkA tehuh Lrj ij ns'k esa ckn twu 2021 esa fuèku gks x;kA og ek=k 42 o"kZ osQ FksA fMadks
•sy cqfu;knh <kaps dks etcwr djus osQ fy, ljdkj osQ n`f‘dks.k dh yksdfç;rk dk vkye ;g Fkk fd çèkkuea=kh Jh ujsaæ eksnh us
osQ fgLls osQ :i esa] ,d de ykxr okyk] çHkkoh •sy çf'k{k.k V~ohV esa LVkj eqDosQckt osQ fuèku ij nq• trkrs gq, fy•k] ¶fMadks
efgyk f•ykM+h
igyh efgyk f•ykM+h Hkh cuh gSaA 2016 osQ fj;ks vksyfEid esa u, jk‘ªh; fjdkWMZ cuk,A 46 fdyksxzke Hkkj oxZ esa vius otu esa
nhik us ,sfrgkfld pkSFkk LFkku gkfly fd;k Fkk ftlosQ dkj.k nhik cnyko djrs gq, mUgksaus 1994 esa iq.ks esa ,d Lo.kZ thrk ] ysfdu
dks 2016 esa gh jktho xkaèkh •sy jRu vokWMZ vkSj 2017 esa iÁJh ef.kiqj esa pkj lky ckn 48 fdyksxzke oxZ esa çfrLièkkZ djus dh
iqjLdkjksa ls Hkh uoktk tk pqdk gSA dksf'k'k djus ij mUgsa jtr feykA
'kS•kse ehjkckbZ pkuw mudh igyh fo'o efgyk HkkjksÙkksyu pSfEi;uf'ki 1989 esa
ef.kiqj dh jgus okyh 'kS•kse ehjkckbZ eSupsLVj laLdj.k Fkh vkSj mUgksaus rhu jtr ind thrsA rc ls
pkuw Hkkjrh; efgyk osVfyÝVj gSa tks vc rd mUgksaus yxkrkj lkr fo'o pSafi;uf'ki esa Hkkx fy;k vkSj 1993 esa
dbZ fo'o pSafi;uf'kIl esa dbZ lkjs esMYl esycuZ laLdj.k osQ viokn osQ lkFk] mUgksaus mu lHkh çfr;ksfxrkvksa
thr pqdh gSaA mudks viuh bl miyfCèk ij esa ls çR;sd esa jtr ind thrkA
iÁJh vkSj jktho xkaèkh •sy jRu iqjLdkj oqQatjkuh dk ,f'k;kbZ HkkjksÙkksyu pSafi;uf'ki esa csgrj çn'kZu
ls Hkh uoktk tk pqdk gSA pkuw us 2014 dkWeuosYFk xsEl esa 48 jgk gS] ftlosQ fy, og ,d fu;fer fgLlsnkj jgh gSaA 1989 osQ
fdxzk Hkkj oxZ esa flYoj esMy vius uke fd;k FkkA blosQ vykok 'ka?kkbZ esa ,d jtr vkSj nks dkaL; ind osQ lkFk 'kq#vkr djrs
mUgksaus fo'o osVfyfÝVax pSafi;uf'ki esa xksYM esMy thrdj viuk gq,] mUgksaus baMksusf'k;k esa 1991 osQ laLdj.k esa 44 fdyksxzke oxZ
o ns'k dk uke iwjh nqfu;k esa jks'ku fd;kA varjjk‘ªh; HkkjksÙkksyu esa rhu jtr ind gkfly fd,A 1992 esa FkkbZySaM esa vxys esa
egkla?k (vkb MCY;w ;w ,l) us ehjkckbZ pkuw osQ efgykvksa osQ igyk vkSj 1993 esa phu esa mUgksaus viuk nwljk LFkku cjdjkj
49 fdyksxzke Hkkj oxZ esa VksD;ks vksyafid osQ fy, DokyhiQkbZ j•kA mudk loZJs’ çn'kZu 1995 esa nf{k.k dksfj;k esa çfr;ksfxrk
djus dh iqf‘ dj nh gSA pkuw us vçSy esa rk'koaQn esa ,f'k;kbZ esa vk;k tgka mUgksaus 46 fdyksxzke oxZ esa nks Lo.kZ vkSj ,d
pSafi;uf'ki esa Dyhu ,aM tdZ esa fo'o fjdkWMZ osQ lkFk dkaL; ind dkaL; thrkA
thrdj VksD;ks vksyafid esa viuk LFkku lqjf{kr fd;k Fkk] ftldh 1996 esa mUgsa tkiku esa vk;ksftr pSafi;uf'ki esa nks jtr
vc vkfèkdkfjd iqf‘ gks xbZ gSA pkuw us vkb MCY;w ;w ,l dh vkSj ,d dkaL; feykA mUgsa 1990 esa vtZqu iqjLdkj çnku fd;k
jSafoaQx lwph osQ vkèkkj ij dksVk gkfly fd;kA og HkkjksÙkksyu 49 x;k vkSj jktho xkaèkh •sy jRu dks fy,aMj isl osQ lkFk o"kZ
fdyksxzke oxZ esa nwljs LFkku ij gSaA 1996&1997 esa ckaVkA Hkkjr ljdkj us 2011 esa mUgsa iÁJh osQ
oqQatjkuh nsoh ukxfjd lEeku ls lEekfur fd;kA muosQ ikl ipkl ls vfèkd
oqQatjkuh us 1985 ls]jk‘ªh; Lrj ij T;knkrj varjkZ‘ªh; ind gSaA mUgksaus 38 lky dh fjVk;jesUV ysus okyh mez
Lo.kZ ind thrus 'kq: dj fn,A 44 fdyksxzke] esa 48 fdxzk oxZ esa 2006 dkWeuosYFk xsEl esa Lo.kZ ind thrk]
46 fdyksxzke vkSj 48 fdyksxzke esa HkkjksÙkksyu tks fd esycuZ esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k] ftlesa 166 fdyksxzke dh
pSafi;uf'ki] ckn esa mldk ;g vafre Hkkj oqQy fyÝV osQ lkFk •syksa dk fjdkWMZ Fkk ftlesa LuSp esa 72 fdxzk
oxZ jgkA mUgksaus 1987 esa fr#vuariqje esa nks vkSj Dyhu ,aM tdZ esa 94 fdxzk Hkkj 'kkfey FkkA
flag ,d •sy lqijLVkj vkSj ,d mRÑ‘ eqDosQckt Fks] ftUgksaus dbZ igyk jk‘ªh; •sy fo'ofo|ky;
iqjLdkj thrs vkSj eqDosQckth dh yksdfç;rk dks vkxs c<+kus esa Hkh ef.kiqj esa bEiQky esa ns'k dk igyk jk‘ªh; •sy fo'ofo|ky;
;ksxnku fn;kA fMadks flag us 13osa ,f'k;kbZ •syksa esa cSadkWd esa 54 LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA ;g •sy ,oa 'kkjhfjd f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa
fdxzk oxZ eqDosQckth esa Lo.kZ ind thrus osQ ckn Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk LFkkfir igyk osQUæh; fo'ofo|ky; gSA bl
esa lsok dh FkhA mUgksaus 1997 esa cSadkWd esa foaQXl di Hkh thrk fo'ofo|ky; osQ ns'kHkj esa ^nwjLFk ifjlj* (vkmVykbax oSQia l) •ksys
FkkA eqDosQckth esa ns'k dk uke jks'ku djus osQ fy, mUgsa iÁJh tk,axs tks ,u,l;w osQ mís'; dks gkfly djus esa enn djsxa As bl
vkSj vtZqu iqjLdkj ls Hkh lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA igys •sy fo'ofo|ky; esa •sy foKku] •sy rduhd] •sy çcaèku
f'ko Fkkik % vle osQ xqokgkVh osQ jgus okys vkSj ikap ckj vkSj •sy çf'k{k.k tSls fo"k;ksa ij vè;;u&vè;kiu vkSj 'kksèk vkfn
,f'k;u esMy thrus okys f'ko Fkkik igys ,sls Hkkjrh; f•ykM+h fd;k tk,xkA fo'ofo|ky; vius rjg dk bdykSrk gksxk vkSj ;gka
gSa ftUgksaus çsflMsaV~l di ckWfDlax VwukZesaV esa xksYM esMy thrk gSA varjjk‘ªh; ekud dk çf'k{k.k fn;k tk,xkA
blosQ vykok oks lcls ;qok Hkkjrh; f•ykM+h osQ rkSj ij 2012 Hkkjr esa fofHkÂ jkT; ljdkjksa }kjk rfeyukMq fiQftdy ,tqoQs 'ku
yanu vksyafiDl esa Hkh Hkkx ys pqosQ gSaA Fkkik rhljs ,sls Hkkjrh; gSa ,.M LiksVl ~ Z ;wfuoflZVh] Lof.kZe xqtjkr LiksVl
~ Z ;wfuoflZVh vkSj jktLFkku
ftUgksaus ,f'k;u xsEl esa xksYM esMy thrk gSA ØhM+k fo'ofo|ky; uked blh rjg osQ rhu jkT; fo'ofo|ky; LFkkfir
ckbZpxaq HkwfV;k % ef.kiqj osQ HkwfV;k ns'k osQ loZJ’s LVªkbdj] fd, tk pqoQs gSa tcfd y{ehckbZ jk‘ªh; 'kkjhfjd f'k{kk laLFkku uked
100 eSp •syus okys igys Hkkjrh; f•ykM+h] iwoZ dIrku jg pqoQs gSAa ,d MhEM ;wfuoflZVh igys ls •syowQn osQ {ks=k esa lapkfyr gSA n

iqLrd ppkZ
iwoksÙZ kj Hkkjr osQ Lokra=; ohj

ysf•dk & Lo.kZ vfuy
vkbZ,lch,u % 978&93&5409&069&1
ewY; % 135 #i;s
Hkk jrh; Lora=krk laxkz e Hkkjr osQ

bfrgkl esa cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ
Hkwfedk j•rk gSA vxj ;g Lora=krk
lsukfu;ksa us Hkh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA
iqLrd îwoksZÙkj Hkkjr osQ Lokra=; ohj* osQ
tfj, ysf•dk Lo.kZ vfuy us 22 Lora=krk
laxzke uk gqvk gksrk] vxj Hkkjr ekrk lsukfu;ksa osQ thou ,oa la?k"kks± ls ikBdksa
osQ ohj liwr fczfV'k gqowQer dks tM+ dks voxr djkus dh dksf'k'k dh gSA
ls uk m•kM+ nsrs rks 'kk;n vkt Lora=k ^Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu* esa iwoksZÙkj osQ
ns'koklh vkt+knh dk ve`r egksRlo Lora=krk lsukfu;ksa dh ,d yach lwph gS
uk euk jgs gksrsA blfy, Hkkjr osQ ftlesa ,d vksj 17 o"kZ dh dudykrk
d.k&d.k esa mu Lora=krk lsukfu;ksa osQ c:vk gSa rks nwljh vksj 60 o"khZ;
fy, vikj vknj ,oa J¼k clh gqbZ gS Hkksxs'ojh iqQdukuh vkSj nksuksa us jk‘ªh;
ftUgksaus vius çk.kksa dh vkgqfr ns dj èot iQgjkus osQ fy, viuk cfynku ns
ns'k dks vkt+kn djk;kA fn;kA iq=k eksg vkSj vius çk.kksa dk eksg
Hkkjr osQ fofHkÂ fgLlksa esa py NksM+dj ekr`Hkwfe dk p;u djus okyh
jgs foæksg ,oa vkanksyu us fczfV'k fet+ks jkuh jkSiqbyh;kuh fczfV'k viQljksa
lkezkT; dh c<+rh mifuos'koknh dh ccZjrk dks vius csVs osQ lkFk lgrs
uhfr;ksa ,oa 'kks"k.k osQ f•ykiQ vkokt gq, 'kghn gqbZ ij ijra=krk ugha LohdkjhA
mBkbZA le;≤ ij gq, foæksg ,oa ^vkt+kn fgan* dh dbZ vej efgyk
vkanksyu tSls ^1857 dk foæksg*] lsukfu;ksa dk mYys• ef.kiqj ljdkj osQ
^vlg;ksx vkanksyu*] ûkxfjd voKk nLrkost esa feyrk gSA
vkanksyu*] ^Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu* us vaxzsth 'kklu dh uhao fgyk iwoksZÙkj osQ dbZ vU; Økafrdkjh Hkh ns'k çse osQ vijkèk esa dkys
nh FkhA varr% vxLr 1947 esa Hkkjr dks 'kkldksa] Økafrdkfj;ksa ikuh dh Hkh"k.k vkSj vekuoh; ;krukvksa dk f'kdkj gq,A vaxzstksa
vkSj vke ukxfjdksa dh dM+h esgur] R;kx vkSj fu%LokFkZrk osQ dh xksfy;ksa dks galrs&galrs >syus okys] Hkkjrh; Lora=krk laxzke osQ
ckn Lora=krk gkfly gqbZA bu çgfj;ksa dh thou xkFkkvksa dks laxzfgr djus dk ysf•dk us
bl Lora=krk laxzke esa Hkkjr Hkwfe osQ iwoksZÙkj fgLls osQ ohj liQy ç;kl fd;k gSA
iqLrd ls fy, x, va'k---

Hkk jr dh Lora=krk dks lefiZr Lok/hurk dk laxzke ,d ,slk egku ;K Fkk ftlesa gj Hkkjrh; vfLerk ds izfr lefiZr jk"VªHkDr
us fu%LokFkZ Hkko ls vius izk.kksa dh vkgqfr nh FkhA Hkkjr Hkwfe ij dksbZ Hkh Hkkx vkReksRlxZ ds bl ioZ esa ihNs ugha jgk FkkA
gekjk iwoksZÙkj ftls vkt ge v"Vy{eh vFkkZr~ 8 jkT;ksa ds :i esa igpkurs gSa blds 'kwjohjksa us Hkh Lora=krk laxzke esa viuh egRoiw.kZ
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