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    Topic Name: Notch & Weir

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    ANKITANAND
    Weir and Notches

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Topic Name: Notch & Weir

    Uploaded by

    ANKITANAND
    3 views25 pages
    Weir and Notches

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    130490106053_2130602

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Weir and Notches

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views25 pages

    Topic Name: Notch & Weir

    Uploaded by

    ANKITANAND
    Weir and Notches

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 25

    • TOPIC NAME

    • NOTCH & WEIR


    Introduction
    A notch is a device used for
    measuring the rate of flow of a liquid through a
    small channel or tank . It is an opening in the side of
    a measuring tank or reservoir extending above the
    free surface.
    A weir is a concrete or masonary
    structure , placed in an open channel over which
    the flow occurs . It is generally in the form of
    vertical wall ,With sharp edge at the top.
    Notch weir
    Classification of notches
    The notches are classified as:
     According to the shape of opening
    1. Rectangular notch
    2. Triangular notch
    3. Trapezoidal notch
    4. Stepped notch
     According to the effect of the sides on the nappe:

    1. Notch with end contraction

    2. Notch without end contraction or suppressed


    notch
    Rectangular notch
    Triangular notch
    Trapezoidal notch
    Stepped notch
    classification of wiers
    The wiers are classified as:
     According to the shape of the opening
    1. Rectangular weir

    2. Triangular weir

    3. Trapezoidal weir
    Rectangular weir
    Trapezoidal weir
    Triangular weir
    Cippoletti weir
    V – notch weir
     According to the shape of crest :
    1. Sharp – crested weir
    2. Broad –crested weir
    3. Narrow – crested weir
    4. Ogee – shaped weir

     According to the effect of sides on the emerging


    nappe:
    1. Weir with end contraction
    2. Weir without end contraction
    Discharge through a rectangular notch
    Consider a sharp edge rectangular notch with
    crest horizontal and normal to direction of flow .
    Let H = head of water over the crest
    L = length of the notch
    consider an elementary horizontal strip of
    water of thickness dh and length L at a depth h
    from the free surface of water.

    Area of strip = L  dh
    Theoretical velocity of water flowing through
    strip = 2gh
    The discharge through strip

    dQ  Cd  Ldh  2 gh
    The total discharge , over the whole notch,
    may be found by integrating the above equation
    with in the limits 0 and H.
    H
    Q   Cd  L  2 gh  dh
    0
    H
     Cd  L  2 g  hdh
    0
    H
      3
    h 2
     Cd  L  2 g  
    3
     
     2 0
    3
    2
     Cd .L. 2 g  H  2
    3
    Discharge through triangular notch
    Triangular notch is also called V-notch . The
    expression of discharge is derive
    Let H =head of water above V-notch
     =Angle of notch
    Consider a horizontal strip of the water having
    thickness dh at depth h below the free surface of
    water.
    We have,

     AC AC
    tan  
    2 OC H  h
     
    AC   H  h  tan  
    2
     
    Width of strip= AB  2 AC  2  H  h  tan  
    2

    Area of strip= 2  H  h  tan  dh
    2

    The theoretical velocity of water through strip


    = 2gh
    Discharge through the strip ,dQ:

    dQ  Cd  2  H  h  tan  dh  2 gh
    2


    dQ  2Cd  H  h  tan  2 gh  dh
    2
    Total discharge Q,:
    H

    Q   2Cd  H  h  tan  2 gh  dh
    0
    2
     H 1
    Q  2Cd tan  2 g   H  h h dh
    2
    2 0
    H
     3 5 
      Hh 2 h 2 
    Q  2  Cd  tan  2 g   
    2 3 5
     
     2 2 0
      2 52 2 52 
    Q  2  Cd  tan  2 g  H  H 
    2 3 5 
      4 52 
    Q  2  Cd  tan  2 g  H 
    2 15 
    8  5
    Q  Cd  tan  2 g  H 2
    15 2
    For a right angle V-notch , if Cd =0.6

      90, tan 1
    2

    Discharge Q;
    5
    8
    Q   0.6 1 2  9.81  H 2
    15
    5
    Q  1.417 H 2
    • Advantages of triangular notch over a rectangular
    notch:
    1. The expression for discharge for a right angled
    V-notch or weir is very simple.
    2. For low discharges a triangular notch gives more
    accurate results than rectangular notch.
    3. Reasonably stable value of discharge coefficient
    over a wide range of operating condition.
    4. Ventilation of triangular notch is not required.

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