S.Y.B.A.

/ 1
FACULTY OF ARTS
AND FINE ARTS
Syllabi for the
Three-Year Integrated B.A. Degree Course
S. Y. B. A.
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
No.
Publishers Note
The University of Pune has great pleasure in publishing
the syllabus for the S.Y.B.A. Examination under the Faculty
of Arts and Fine Arts.
It is hoped that this syllabus will be most useful to the
students of this course.
On behalf of the university, I thank the experts and
authorities of the University for their keen interest and whole-
hearted co-operation in bringing out this publication.
University of Pune Dr. D. D. Deshmukh
Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007. Registrar
CONTENTS
Subject Pages
Introduction and General Rules .. 5
1. Compulsory English .. 18
1. English General II .. 19
2. Marathi .. 20
3. Gujarathi .. 34
4. Urdu General Paper II .. 35
5. Sindhi .. 40
6. Hindi .. 42
7. English .. 79
8. Sanskrit .. 82
9. Persian .. 84
10. Arabic General .. 86
11. French .. 87
12. German .. 93
13. Russian .. 105
14. Pali .. 106
15. Ardhamagadhi .. 107
16. Philosophy .. 108
17. Psychology .. 134
18. Education .. 167
19. History .. 176
20. Music .. 192
21. Ancient Indian History, Culture and
Archaeology .. 215
22. Economics .. 219
23. Politics .. 242
24. Sociology .. 255
Subject Pages
25. Geography .. 267
26. Linguistics (General) .. 285
27. Defence and Strategic Studies .. 286
28. History of Civilization (General) .. 313
29. Logic and Methodology of Science .. 315
30. Gandhian Thought .. 324
31. Home Economics .. 329
32. Anthropology .. 333
33. Mathematics Course at S.Y.B.A./B.Sc. .. 341
34. Aplied Mathematics .. 358
35. Industrial Mathematics .. 359
36. Statistics .. 360
37. Mathematical Statistics (General) .. 377
38. Applied Statistics (General) .. 384
39. Mathematical Pre-Requisites (General) .. 389
40. Statistical Pre-Requisites (Special) .. 391
41. Commerce .. 393
42. . +'+:. .. 396
43. Social Work (General) .. 400
44. Public Administration .. 406
45. Home Science .. 402
46. Adult Education .. 417
47. N. S. S. .. 427
48. ...'+ '.e .. 430
S.Y.B.A. / 5
University of Pune
Syllabi for the Three-Year Integrated B.A. Degree
Course
Second Year B.A.
The B.A. Degree Course will consist of three years.
The First Year Annual Examination shall be held at the end
of the First Year. The Second Year Annual Examination
shall be held at the end of the Second Year. The Third Year
Annual Examination shall be held at the end of the Third
Year.
( 1 ) No candidate shall be admitted to enter upon the First
Year of B.A. Course unless he has passed the Higher
Secondary School Certificate Examination of the
Maharashtra State Board of Higher Secondary Edu-
cation or an equivalent examination of any other Statu-
tory Board or University with English as a passing
subject.
( 2 ) No candidate shall be admitted to the annual
examination of the First Year unless he has
satisfactorily kept two terms for the course at the
college affiliated to this University.
( 3 ) No candidate shall be admitted to the annual
examination of the Second Year B.A. unless he has
kept two terms satisfactorily for the same at the
college affiliated to this University.
S.Y.B.A. / 6
( 4 ) No candidate shall be admitted Third Year
examination of the B.A. Course unless he has passed
in all the papers at the First Year B.A. Examination
and has satisfactorily kept the term for the Second
Year and also two terms for the Third Year of B.A.
satisfactorily in a college affiliated to this University.
Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)
( I ) The student joining the First year B. A. Course shall
offer six subjects as follows :
( i ) The student can offer not more than one subject
from one group.
( ii) Subject Group A is compulsory.
(iii) The student has to offer at least one language
from Group B or Group C or Group J.
(iv) The student may offer one more subject from
Group B or Group C subject to (i) above.
The student may offer Optional English from Group
J alone or in combination with one language from other
group B or Group C.
Group A : Compulsory English.
Group B : Marathi, French, German, Sindhi, Gujarathi,
Urdu, Russian.
Group C : Hindi, Persian, Sanskrit, Ardhamagadhi, Pali,
Arabic.
Group D : Economics.
Group E : Politics.
Group F : History, Cultural Anthropology, Islamic
Culture.
S.Y.B.A. / 7
Group G : Logic and Methodology of Science, Geography,
Music, Public Administration.
Group H : Psychology, Gandhian Thought, Yoga.
Group I : History of Civilization, Home Economics,
Defence Studies, Social Work.
Group J : Linguistics, Commerce, Education, Industrial
Mathematics, Mathematical Statistics,
Optional English.
Group K : Mathematics, Statistical Pre-requisites,
Sociology, Philosophy.
Group L : Statistics, Applied Mathematics, Mathe-
matical Pre-requisites, Applied Statistics,
Ancient Indian History and Culture.
Group M : N.S.S. Adult Education.
( II) In the Second Year, the student shall decide whether
he want so study for the B.A. (General) or the B.A.
(Special) Degree :
(a) ( i ) The student studying for the B.A. (General)
Degree shall study the following subjects
in the Second Year :
( 1 ) Compulsory English.
(2-6) Same five subjects offered in the First
Year.
( ii) The student studying for the B.A. (General)
Degree shall study the following subjects
in the Third Year :
( 1 ) Compulsory English.
(2-6) Same five subjects offered in the First
and Second Year.
S.Y.B.A. / 8
(b) ( i ) The student studying for the B.A. (Special)
Degree shall study the following subjects
in the Second Year :
( 1 ) Compulsory English.
(2-4) One paper each at General level of
the three subjects chosen out of the
five subjects offered in the First Year.
(5-6) Two papers at Special level of one
subject the chosen as a Special
Subject out of the three subjects
offered at General level.
( ii) The student studying for the B.A.
(Special) Degree shall study the
following subjects in the Third Year :
( 1 ) Compulsory English.
(2-4) One Paper each at General Level of
the three subjects offered in the
Second Year.
(5-6) Two Papers at the Special level of the
subject chosen as a Special subject
in the Second Year.
(c) Normally, students are not allowed to change the
subject at the second or third year offered by him
at the first year. However, as a very special
case, a student may be allowed to offer a
special subject at the Second Year, even though
he may not have offered the same at the first
year. In such case he should have passed his first
examination in all the papers and he will have to
complete the first year paper in that new
subject at the second year before he goes to the
third year. No change of subject will be allowed
at the Third Year.
S.Y.B.A. / 9
(III) Examinations :
At the end of the year there shall be Annual Exami-
nation. The Annual Examination of each subject will be of
100 marks. The Annual Examination will be of three hours
duration.
(IV) Practical Examination :
The practical examination will be of 100 marks and
will be held only at the end of the year. There shall be no
Term End Practical examination the practical examination
wherever laid down will be conducted before the commence-
ment of the Annual (Theory) Examination.
The College where the practical examination centre is
located, will take the responsibility of arranging the
practical examination.
(V) Standard of Passing :
The candidate who has secured at least 40 marks out
of 100 in the Annual Examination shall be declared to have
passed in the paper.
(VI) Award of Class :
The class should be awarded to the student on
the aggregate marks obtained by him at the First Year
Examination and in respect of B.A. and B.Com. Degree on
the aggregate marks in the Second Year and Third Year
Examination and in respect of B.Sc. degree on the aggregate
marks obtained during the Second Year and the Third Year,
in the Principal subject only. The award of class shall be
as follows :
S.Y.B.A. / 10
( 1 ) Aggregate 70% and above First Class with
Distinction
( 2 ) Aggregate 60% and above First Class
( 3 ) Aggregate 55% and more Higher Second Class
but less than 60%
( 4 ) Aggregate 50% and more Second Class
but less than 55%
( 5 ) Aggregate 40% and more Pass Class
but less than 50%
( 6 ) Below 40% Fail
University Terms :
The dates for the commencement and conclusion of the
first and second terms shall be determined by the
University authorities. The terms can be kept by only duly
admitted students. The present relevant ordinances pertain-
ing to grant of terms will be applicable.
Setting of the Question Papers :
( 1 ) The courses of studies will indicate in the syllabus the
portion to be taught during the first term and the
second term.
( 2 ) A candidate shall have the option of answering the
questions in any of the subjects other than languages
either in Marathi or in English.
( 3 ) In the case of languages, question shall be answered
in the media as indicated below except those questions
which require translation into particular language :
S.Y.B.A. / 11
Languages Media
Sanskrit, Pali, Ardhamagadhi The same language
or English or Marathi
Persian Persian, Urdu or English
Marathi, Gujarathi, Kannada, The same language
Urdu, Hindi, English
French, German The same language or
English.
A candidate taking the courses for B.A. First Year or
Second Year Examination as the case may be, may be
permitted by the Principal of the College to change any of
the subjects in the course selected by him for particular year
before the commencement of the second term. Such
candidates are required to pay Rs. 25/- towards change of
subject fees to the University.
Conditions :
( 1 ) A candidate who has been permitted to enter upon the
course for the Second Year B.A. examination wishing
to change his optional subject or subjects at the year
examination in which he has failed shall be allowed to
do so for the purpose. He will be required to keep two
additional terms, for the changed subject for the first
year and he will be required to appear and pass the
subject for the changed subject.
( 2 ) The candidate after having kept regular terms for the
Second Year and admitted to Third Year will not be
allowed to change the subject of the Second Year or
the Third Year.
S.Y.B.A. / 12
An application (which must be in the prescribed form
and accompanied by the prescribed fee) for admission
to any of the examination of B.A. Degree Course shall
be forwarded by a candidate to the Registrar through
the Principal of the College attended by him on or
before the prescribed date alongwith the certificate from
the Principal (1) of his having attended the course and
kept the terms according to provision of 0.67 and 0.72
in the various subjects and of having satisfied the other
conditions laid down by the University, and (2) of his
being fit candidate for the examination.
( 3 ) No candidate shall be admitted to First Year B.A.
examination for the first time unless he produces
a certificate from his Principal to the effect that he
has attended at least 3/4th of the aggregate number of
periods for Physical Training or has been exempted
therefrom on the grounds that (1) he is medically unfit
to undergo such training (2) he is a member of the
N.C.C. or (3) he has been regularly taking part
as a member of the college team in the recognized
fixtures of the major games.
The result of the First Year examination shall be
declared publically in two categories viz. (1) the candidate
who has passed the First Year examination, and (2) the
candidate is allowed to proceed to Second Year.
In case of candidates allowed to proceed to Second
Year Course, the result of the First Year examination shall
be declared if and when they pass in the remaining subjects
prior to their admission to the Third Year of the B.A.
S.Y.B.A. / 13
A candidate who has passed in any other heads of
passing shall not be allowed to appear in that head.
An Ex-student shall be allowed on a fresh application
and payment of a fresh fee to appear at the subsequent
examination in those heads of passing in which he has failed
or in which he has previously not appeared without keeping
any additional term.
A candidate who has failed at the B.A. Degree
Examination and wishes to re-appear with the change in
subject for any particular subject but in accordance with the
bias of the subjects at the first year will be required to keep
the additional requisite terms for the changed subject.
A candidate failing at the B.A. Special Degree
Examination shall have option of appearing at the B.A.
(General) Degree Examination subject to the provisions
above. Such candidate will be eligible for a class, a prize, a
scholarship, a medal or any other award.
A candidate failing at the B.A. (General) Degree
Examination shall have option of appearing at the B.A.
(Special) Degree Examination subject to above provision.
Such candidates shall be eligible for a class, a prize,
a scholarship, a medal or any other award.
A candidate who has passed once passed the B.A.
(General) or the B.A. (Special) Degree Examination of this
University shall be permitted on the submission of fresh
application and the payment of fresh fee to appear again
at the B.A. Degree Examination.
S.Y.B.A. / 14
( 1 ) In any number of course for one or two papers for the
B.A. (General) Examinations subject to bias of the
papers at the first year and provided he keeps four
additional terms in the those subjects.
( 2 ) In the special papers, at the second year and third
year or a special subject at the B.A. (Special)
examination in which he has not already passed
the B.A. examination subject to bias of the subject at
the first year provided he selects at his special subject
one of the general subjects he has offered at the B.A.
(General) Degree Examination, and he keeps four
additional terms for the special subject.
A candidate appearing under this regulation will not be
eligible for a degree or a class or a prize or any other award.
A candidate passing in this manner shall be awarded
a certificate to that effect.
( 1 ) A candidate who has once passed the B.A. Degree
Examination of this University or an examination of
any other Statutory University or Examining Body
recognized as equivalent thereof shall be allowed to
appear again for the same examination provided he
offers the subject different from those in which he has
already passed and keeps four terms in a college
affiliated to this University. Such candidate will be
required to appear in a different subject or general
subjects.
( 2 ) A candidate who takes the B.A. degree examination
in accordance with the provisions stated (1) above,
shall not be eligible for degree or class.
S.Y.B.A. / 15
( 3 ) The external candidates appearing for different
subject/s optional papers are not required to keep the
terms in the affiliated colleges. They are however,
required to register their names under above provision
afresh for the respective years of examination.
No candidate shall be admitted to the First Year of B.A.
external examination unless he -
( i ) has passed the H.S.C. examination of the
Maharashtra State Board or its equivalent
examination.
( ii) has registered himself as an external candidate
for the first year of the B.A. examination within
the prescribed time limit without late fees and
with late fees of the previous calendar year.
No forms will be accepted in any case after the
prescribed time limit.
A candidate receiving an official intimation of
registration as an external candidate and wishing to appear
for examination in the subject concerned must forward to the
Registrar his application in the prescribed form together with
the prescribed fee for admission to the examination
on or before the prescribed date.
The course of study, the syllabi and the standard for
passing at the examination, for the Degree of Bachelor of
Arts external shall be identical with those for the examina-
tion for the degree of Bachelor of Arts but an external can-
didate shall not offer for his examination any subjects which
involve practical work in a Laboratory or keeping of journals
or subject notified by the Registrar at the beginning of each
academic year.
S.Y.B.A. / 16
The external candidates are required to appear for the
annual examinations, the question paper will be of 100 marks.
External Candidates :
( 1 ) The registration as an external candidate for an
examination shall be open to :
(a) Whose who are citizens of India and residing
within India in the academic year in which they
have applied for registration as an external student
and have passed qualifying examination of this
University or of any other statutory
University or Body which (examination) has
been recognized by the Pune University for the
purpose of admission to its respective courses.
(b) The medium of instructions shall be Marathi and
English only.
(c) Candidate from Outside Maharashtra State should
produce at the time of registration an endorse-
ment certificate about their residence in India and
a certificate of service or carrying on business,
from a Magistrate not below the rank of First
Class Judicial Magistrate.
(d) Foreigners are not allowed to register their names
for the external examinations of this University.
The candidates passing the B.Com. or B.Sc. examina-
tions of this University or any other Statutory University can
be admitted to second year of B.A. Course. The results of
such candidates will be declared on the basis of the
performance at second and third year of the B.A. Course of
this University.
S.Y.B.A. / 17
The internal candidates of B.A. can change over and
become the external candidates after passing the first year or
second year of the said course fully without any backlog.
When such candidate desires to register himself as an
external student, he may apply accordingly to the University
within the stipulated time and in the prescribed form.
The candidate who has completed first year or second
year of B.A. as an external student shall not be registered/
admitted as an internal student for the remaining part of the
course.
The student may offer Optional English from Group J
alone or in Combination with one language from either
Group B or Group C he shall not offer under any
circumstances more than two languages from Group B, C
and J.
( 1 ) Compulsory English
From 1999 for Three Years
English for practical purposesPublished by
Mac Millan.
(1) English General II
From 1999 for Three Years
G-2 Understanding Fiction
(1) Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen
(2) Things Fall Apart Chinua Achebe
(3) The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne.
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,) '+. +.. '.+.-++ - -.+ . '. - .
S.Y.B.A. / 28
,-) -.'- ~:.+ ~.' .+. - .+ .. . ~.+++.
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. + -++ '.+. --.- ~.-.+.-. ~. +.
S.Y.B.A. / 29
.e - .- + -++.+ |+ ..-. + . - -. .- .
~-+.-. .-+. .- . :.. -. ~- - + -.- + ~-+.-.
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S.Y.B.A. / 30
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-. -. +.. ~+ +.
. ..-.+ -... +. -.-. '++ -+ ;'+.- .. +. . ...
-. ~. +. + -.+. .. + -+. .
S.Y.B.A. / 31
. .. - +. -. . - . ~.+-+.++.
,. + . |++. ~.' -.-. . -. -'+-.-+ + |+
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. .+. '+ .~ '+++ -.'- .. ~.' --.e.
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.. u.+ .. - . + - +. -. . . '~. + -+. .
z-ina|+i + . -
ai i z-in+ =
i+zi|+ + =ai |a =ii
ai i z-in+ = i+zi|+ + =ai |a =ii =|z
,. . ++ - .- +)
-. - u.+.+.- ~.+ -. ~ '-+.. '+'+ ~.'++.. - -+-
--.+ + + . ~.'++ +. .- . e-+. '++'-+ + .
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+ + -+-'+. +. -. -.'+. +-+ + .
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~.+ - + +e . +.. -.+ ~.+.+..- -+-. +.. -.+ ~.+ -.
+ - + +. .- .
S.Y.B.A. / 32
. +.. -.+ -+..- -+- + + '.: '+'+ +- . .
~.. -: + .
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. ;'++ ;'++ - +. ;'++ - u+.-. +. ;'++
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+. +.-+. .'-.-+. '-+.
. --'+.. +. '++.. - -.'-+.. +.'+ + ~+.- -+-.
--+ + - .+
- -+ii -
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.-. +. +.'+++ .'.+.+.- ~. - '+'+ +- + - +'-+
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+ .
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~.- + .
S.Y.B.A. / 33
- n = a -a+ -
-. '.+. ++ +.' + '.+. ++ '+u.+ .+.'+ -...
.. -++ '+:... .+..+.
. .+.'+ -... +.e +-. + - . '.. '+.-.
.+..+.
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..u ....-.. +.; .
. .. '+ ~.-+ -. -... ~.+ -. - +.+. .- .+..+
.+ +.+ -..: - + '+:.... +.'-+.
(3) Gujarathi
'.+. ++ +-. ++. -... + .. '++.-. u.-. +- + - -.
.. -++ . e'+ ++ - + - + -.- .+.-.
- ,~) ' + --.- -.; .
,+) .'.+. -.
,~) +.-.+'+ +.+.
,+) ++.. ...
Questions from both the Texts will be set in annual
examination.
Term-End Examination- : Total four questions, each
question of 15 marks, on the prescribed portion of the text-
books.
Annual Examination : Total 5 questions, each question
of 20 marks, questions will be on both the text-books.
(4) Urdu General Paper-II
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
(A) Text Prescribed : Bang-e-Dara Part-III by Dr. Iqbal.
Poems :
(1) Belad-e-Islamiaya (2) Gorastan-e-Shah
(3) Falsafa-e-Gum (4) Shikwa
(5) Fatma Bint Abdullah (6) Shabnam aur Sitare
(7) Jawab-e-Shikwa (8) Shama aur Shair
(B) Intekhab-e-Ghazaliyat-e-Khwaja Meer Dard.
(First 40 Ghazala).
Pub. by Anjuman-e-Taraqqui-e-Urdu, Delhi.
(A) Portion for the Term End Examination :
Portion as describe above.
Total marks : 60 (Two hours duration)
No. of questions : 4 (With internal choice).
Pattern of Question paper
( i ) Question on form or development of poetry. 15
( ii) Critical question on the poet or the text. 15
(iii) Critical appreciation of a poem (one out of three) 12
(iv) Explanation of couplets (six out of ten) 18

Total marks : 60
S.Y.B.A. / 36
(B) Portion for the Annual Examination.
Both the texts prescribed above.
Total marks : 80 (Three hours duration).
No. of questions : 5 (with internal choice).
Pattern of Question paper
( i ) Critique on the poet or the problems discussed in the
book. 15
( ii) Critique on the poet of Muntakhab Gaxlain. 15
(iii) Question on different aspects of Ghazal. 15
(iv) Explanation of couplets : 20
(a) 5 out of 7 from Bang-e-Dara Part-III
(b) 5 out of 7 from Intekhab-e-Gazaliyat Khwaja Meer
Dard.
(v) Short notes : 15
(a) One topic out of three from bang-e-Dara Part-III
(b) One topic out of three Intekhaba-e-Gazaliya.

Total marks : 80
URDU Special Paper-I
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
(A) Portion Prescribed.
(1) History of Urdu Literature (Poetry) from 1901 to 1990
with special study of the following poets :
(1) Jigar, (2) Jan Nisar Akhtar, (3) Parveen Shakir.
S.Y.B.A. / 37
(2) History of Urdu Literature (Prose) from 1901 to 1990
with special study of these writers.
(1) Niyaz Patehpuri, (2) Aie Ahmed Surur.
(3) Dr. Khurshid-ul-Islam.
(A) Portion of the Term End Examination :
History of Urdu Literature (Poetry) from 1901 to 1990
Special poets : (1) Jigar, (2) Jan Nisar Akhtar
(3) Parveen Shakir
Total marks : 60 (Two hours duration)
No. of Questions : 40 (with internal choice)
Pattern of Question Paper
( i ) Survey of Urdu Literature (Poetry). 21
( ii) Critical question on Jigar and his works. 13
(iii) Critical question on Jan Nisar Akhtar and his works. 13
(iv) Critical question on Parveen Shakair and her works. 13

Total marks : 60
(B) Portion for the Annual Examination :
History of Urdu literature (poetry and prose) from 1901
to 1990. and special poets and prose writers
as prescribed above.
Total marks 80 (3 hours duration)
No. of questions : 5 (with internal choice)
Pattern of Question paper
( i ) Survey of Urdu Literature (Prose) and its various
kinds. 20
S.Y.B.A. / 38
( ii) Survey of form of poetry. 15
(iii) Critical question on any poet. 15
(iv) Critical question on Ale-Ahmed Surur and his works.
15

Total marks : 80
URDU Special Paper-II
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
Text Prescribed
1. (a) Fasan-e-Ajaeb by Rajjab Ali Baig Suroor.
(b) Diwan-e-Ghalib (Radif Noon only).
2. (a) Muqualat-e-Hali by Altaf Husain Hali.
(b) Aao ke Koi Khuab Bune bu Sahir.
(A) Portion for the Term End Examination :
(a) Fasana-e-Ajaeb.
(b) Diwan-e-Ghalib (Radif Noon).
Total marks : 60 (two hours duration)
No. of questions : 4 (with internal choice)
Pattern of Question paper
( i ) Critical question on the author or book or form of
Fasana-e-Ajaeb. 13
( ii) Critical question on the contents of the text. 13
(iii) Critical question on the poet Ghalib. 13
(iv) Explanation of couplets (seven out of ten). 20

Total marks : 60
S.Y.B.A. / 39
(B) Portion for the Annual Examination :
All the four texts as prescribed above.
Total marks : 0 hours duration).
No. of Questions : with internal choice).
Pattern of Question paper
( i ) Critical question on the author or Text Fasan-e Ajaeb.15
( ii) A critical on Ghalib. 15
(iii) Critical question on the author or the book Muqualat-
e-Hali. 15
(iv) A critique on Sahir and his works. 15
( v) Explanation of couplets.
(10 couplets out of 14, 5 from Diwan-e-ghalib Radif
noon) to be attempted, and 5 from Aao ke koi Khuab
Bune. 20

Total marks : 80
(5) Sindhi
( 1 ) Jeki Ditho Mun (Prose) by Phalan Purswani
+. ':. - ,+:) - . +-+ -+..
Prabhat Publication, Ulhasnagar-3.
( 2 ) Mauja Kabhi Mahiran (Poetry) by Hari Dilgir
-. +~. -'. ,:) +'+ . '-+.
Pub:-Ajantha Printers, Bab Mohla, Ajmer.
( 3 ) Shah Jo Chund Shair (Poetry) by H. I. Sadarangani
(Prescribed portion from page 73 to 133)
.. . - - . ,:) |-. ~.. -. +.+.
(Available at Jagdish Book Depot, Ulhasnagar-2).
( 4 ) Ruh Hiren (Part V) by J. P. Vaswani Essays on Arts
of Living
- '. ,~.+ ) - . . .. +.-+.+.
(Available at Geeta Publication House, Sadhu Vaswani
Mission, Pune-1).
(Special)
Term I (S-1)
1. Language and Grammar
2. Origin of Sindhi Language
Books for Reference
1. Sindhi Bolia-J-TarikhaBherumal Meharchand
2. Sindhi-S-Ji-Jhalak Shri. Lilo Rachandani
3. Bhasha-Sindhi BhashaDr. S. K. Robra
4. Sindhi IstalahaProf. Lakhraj Aziz
5. BhashashastraProf. Popati Hiranandani
6. Manik-MotiShri. Satramdas Saa
S.Y.B.A. / 41
7. Sindhi VyakaranShri. Bherumal Meharchand
8. Sind and SindhiSadhu T. L. Vaswani
9. Sindhi BoliProf. Popati Hiranandani.
Term I (S 2) History of Sindhi Literature
Books for Reference
1. Sindhi Nasure-Ji-TarikhaProf. M. U. Malkani
2. Sindhi Sahitya-Jo-IthasDr. M. K. Jetaly
3. History of Sindhi LiteraturePrin. L. H. Ajwani
4. History of Sindhi Literature (1947 to 1978)
Prof. Popati Hiranandani.
Term II (S 3)
1. Essay
2. Translation
Term II (S 4) :
Principles of literary criticism and poetics.
Books Recommended
1. Adabi UsoolaProf. M. U. Malkani
2. Sindhi Sahir (Two Parts)Shri. Jiamatmal Bhavananai
3. Sahit SarShri. Tirth Basant
4. Sahil-Ja-Sidhant Ed.Shri. Anand Khemani
5. Adabi ShanasShri. Jagadish Lachhani
6. Sindhi Sahita-Ji-JhalakProf. Popati Hiranandani
7. Sindhi Tangeed (Criticism)Shri. Harish Vaswani,
Bombay
8. Adab-mai-Kaduran-Jo-SuwalShri. Kirat Babani,
Bombay.
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S.Y.B.A. / 43
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S.Y.B.A. / 44
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S.Y.B.A. / 45
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S.Y.B.A. / 46
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|z i |+o - aia ,+ioi-,
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S.Y.B.A. / 47
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. +.:+ .+. . .- .+.:+ ':'. , - - ) -.
S.Y.B.A. / 48
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-.
S.Y.B.A. / 49
|zai + ni|z- |z i
ai == =+ |z i ai++ = ,+ +|-a+,
Conspectus of Principles underlying the Preparation of
Scientific and Technical Terminology :
The work of preparing Hindi terminology related
to scientific disciples and administrative procedures
has been going on under the direction of the Board of
Scientific Terminology set up by the Ministry of
Education in December 1950. The Board laid down some
basic principles for this work which were elaborated
in practice by the various committee of experts working on
different subjects. The major principles and the
methodology followed by us are discussed in the following
paragraphs :
(1) As directed by the Board international terms have
normally been left untranslated only their translitera-
tion being given in Devanagari script. In the absence
of any standard definition of international term.
The matter was referred to the Board in 1954 and the
Board recommended that where a scientific of
a technical term is used in at least three European
languages in more or less same from it should be
considered international. This broad recommendation
was qualified by another namely where a term denoted
a thought process it should as far as possible,
translated and not adopted in its original form.
In accordance with the spirit of this recommendation
of the Board, the subjectwise Committees of Experts
have in the light of their own particular requirements
S.Y.B.A. / 50
and contexts throughout been adopting without change
or with only minor phonetic changes, to suit Hindi
Pronunciation all scientific and technical terms
denoting specific objects which are widely used in the
most advanced languages of the world or at least
in three European languages. It follows that all terms
occurring in English cannot ipso-facto be considered
international terms. Actual investigation of the
vocabulary of different languages has shown, however
that there exists a large body of scientific and technical
terms which have been adopted by the most advanced
languages of the world. A few examples of such
terms are :
(a) Units of weights and measures etc. e.g. metre,
erg, dyne, caloric, litre and so on.
(b) Term based on proper names commemorating
the person who invented them c.g. Ampere, Volt,
Fahrenhcit, Watt and so on.
(c) Other terms which have gained practically world-
wide usage e.g. Asphalt, Radio, Petrol, Radar and
so on.
(d) Scientific names of new elements compounds etc.
e.g. Aluminium, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Barium,
Carbon, Chromate, Dioxide and so on.
(e) Binomial nomenclature in sciences like Botany
and Zoology.
During the course of the last 100 years or so however,
indigenous terms have also come into vogue in our
own languages for certain scientific terms which are
S.Y.B.A. / 51
international usage. In such case we have given
preference to the indigenous terms since they have
already gained currency are widely intelligible have
developed precise connotations. Examples of such
terms are : telegraph, for which the word +. in
Hindi has established itself; continent for which the
word -... is widely current. This is in accordance
with our basic principle that our vocabulary must
be as widely intelligible as possible and must draw
to the fullest extent on the existing vocabulary of Hindi
and other Indian languages. On the same principle we
have retained ~ for molecule and -. for
atom. But for the further subdivisions of the atom
representing later discoveries viz. electron, proton,
neutron, etc. we have retained them as such.
(2) In addition to terms of international usage, many words
of English and other European languages like
Portuguese and French have become an integral part
of Hindi vocabulary. They have also been retained
as such Examples of such terms are engine, engineer,
form, machine, police, station, ticket etc. Loan words
like these form a very important of the vocabulary of
all living languages and they reflect a continuous and
inevitable process of give and take which goes on
wherever a language comes in contact with other
languages, and the greater and wider such contacts
are, the larger is the number of loan words in the
language concerned. English is a classic example of
this process. The English speaking people in the course
of history came in close contact with practically every
S.Y.B.A. / 52
nation in the world and consequently the English
language has borrowed extensively from the
vocabularies of almost all languages of the world.
Hindi, in common with other major language of India,
has been in contact with European languages,
particularly English, for more than 150 years and it
was but natural that it should borrow from as well as
give to these languages a large number of words which
have in course of time been assimilated by the
languages and have passed into common currency.
It would have been highly unpractical and
linguistically disastrous to have discarded these words
and to form new and unfamiliar coinages in their place.
Some of these loan words, however which have not so
far been completely assimilated in the language but which
are being used for want of any indigenous equivalents have
been retained, but side by side suitable Hindi equivalents
have been coined for them in order to facilitate the under-
standing of the precise import of these terms. It is hoped that
in course of time these new equivalents suggested will ac-
quire the full and exact sense of the English words which
would then be dispensed with. A few examples of such
words are act (in the legal sense) which has been retained but
a Hindi equivalent ~''+- has also been suggested for
it; thermometer for which +.-.. has been suggested.
This bilingualism is an essential and very significant feature
of our terminology.
(3) Faithful representation of the complete meaning of the
original term has been our primary concern. The
Committees of Experts go thoroughly into the
S.Y.B.A. / 53
technical concepts behind the term so that its entire
history is laid bare. This ensures that before selecting
or coining a word the most up-to-date scientific ideas
associated with the original technical term are taken
into consideration. At times, it was felt that the origi-
nal technical term did not fully represent the concept
for which it stood and was either a misnormer or an
instance of arbitrary usage. In such cases, we choose
independent Hindi equivalences which would be
closer to the concept rather than the original word.
Thus, in Botany we chose --+ ' for analogous; in
Chemistry - -.- - - (and not '.+.+ or +. ) for
secondary cell, and in Mathematics --.- for
regression. It is because of this and definitional Hindi
words than the original terms. In Agriculture, for
example, intensive and extensive farming have been
translated as -..+ + '+ and respectively in Phys-
ics barometer (which literally means only ~.-..)
has been translated as +. .+-.. and clinical ther-
mometer as +-... All these terms represent the
concept or the object involved much more faith-
fully than the corresponding English terms.
(4) The fullest use has been made of the existing
vocabulary of Hindi and all current words which either
already possess and specific connotations or which
can be given such precise and specific connotations
have been accepted by us. Our investigations have
brought to light the vast potentialities of the existing
S.Y.B.A. / 54
vocabulary of Hindi for expressing scientific notions
and has made at possible for a large part of our
scientific and technical terminology to belong to this
existing stock of vocabulary. This is not surprising
since in this country we have a long tradition of many
arts and sciences and a large number of technical terms
relating to them are current in Hindi and other Indian
languages. Special efforts have been made
to collect all such terms in Hindi and after careful
evaluation as many of them as passed our test of serve
accuracy have been incorporated in our terminology.
Taking one associated group of military words, viz.
attack, invasion and charge, we have fixed --. for
attack, -.; for invasion and .+. for charge.
In the field of commerce. we have discovered such
terms as +..+ and -..+ which express correctly
the meanings of bearer and cross-cheques while
u.+ and +.- are used for credit and debit
respectively. Such precise terms have been readily
accepted by since this valuable. terminological material
will kept in reviving links with our technical heritage
and at the same time bring the knowledge and practice
of modern science nearer to our people.
(5) An investigation into the technical terminology of our
ancient and medieval literature has also made and
a very large number of such terms have been utilized
by us wherever they could serve the present day
contexts of different sciences. This investigation has
been particularly fruitful in the field of Politics, Law,
Mathematics, Medicine and Military Science. A few
S.Y.B.A. / 55
examples of interesting old terms discovered and
accepted are : - for alliance; +-+ for
calculus; +.'+. for battalian.
(6) Our insistence on strict conceptual accuracy which is
a since quation of our work has in some cases
incessiated the rejection of current terms and their
replacement by new and more accurate words. To give
an example from Physics, the current Hindi word +.
was being used for heat. In our terminology we have
fixed +. for temperature and another word - has
been chosen to represent head, as these two are
altogether different concepts. Similarly, the term -+.
which was so far being used for nerve has been given
up in favour of a new word +. '-+ since the latter
expresses the concept behind nerve much more
precisely. The word -+. has been fixed in the meaning
of ligament. This process will impart to our scientific
vocabulary the essential quality of precision and will
help it to standardise itself.
Where a technical concept embodied in a particular
term has either undergone a change or has been enlarged
with the result that the current word so far in use has become
inadequate to represent the new concept, it has been replaced
by a more precise term. This ~.++.. has been replaced by
.-.+ . -+ for excise duty, as the modern concept of the
term has greatly enlarged itself in recent times. Similarly,
because of the change in the connotation of the term
bureaucracy, its current Hindi equivalent +. +... has
been replaced by ++....
S.Y.B.A. / 56
(7) Conceptual evaluation of terms in associated groups is
another special feature of these terminologies. While
suggesting an equivalent for a technical term, all the
allied terms representing varying shades of concept are
considered together and care is taken to ensure that the
allied shades of meaning of these sets of terms are
clearly brought out in the equivalents suggested by us.
Taking one group of associated terms from
Agriculture, we find that the terms aroma, flavour,
taste, and fragrance represent one conceptual range.
All these terms were considered together and Hindi
equivalents were suggested for each viz. - +.-. -. ~
for aroma, - - for flavour, -+. for taste and - +
for fragance. These equivalents are all current words
but they have now been fixed to denote precise
connotations.
(8) Our desire to give these terminologies a pan-Indian
character and to facilitate their adoption by other
Indian languages has led to a two-fold effort on our
part. First, we have tried to exploit to the full all such
terms as are common to more than on Indian
languages since such terms represent the nucleus round
which a full pan-Indian vocabulary can develop.
Secondly, many works from languages other than Hindi
have been chosen to represent scientific concepts, the
criterion being their phonetic and linguistic character
facilitating the absorption into the Hindi vocabulary.
This two-fold effort is indicative of a definite policy
of our terminological work since this work is to be
accepted eventually by all modern Indian languages.
S.Y.B.A. / 57
A few examples are ++. for brackets and
+ +-. for 'tadpole' from Bengali, . ++. for
acknowledgement from Marathi, '++-. for net from
Kannada, ~- for Slit from Punjabi.
(9) Coinage of new terms has been our last resort when
new concepts has to be precisely expressed for which
no existing words or expressions in Hindi or in other
Indian languages were found suitable, and when the
retention of English term itself also was not advisable.
In making these new coinages, however certain define
methods have been followed which are in keeping with
the idiomatic genious Hindi and other Indian
languages. Some of them are mentioned here :
(a) Compound Method :
This already operates in Hindi regard to both Tatsama
and Tadbhava words and has proved invaluable in
yielding a large number of scientific terms which are
perfectly in keeping with the idiomatic genious of Hindi
and have therefore been readily accepted by the
language. The words commonly used are : -. . ...
-.+. - -+. '+... ... - u. and .. from which new
compounds can be easily mode from certain current
basic world. This process of building new word
families has been a highly fascinating aspect of our
terminological work. A few examples are : '-~-
-. for radio active, + ++-.+ for salary scale,
~ +-- u. for scismograph etc.
S.Y.B.A. / 58
(b) Suffix Al Method :
This is purely grammatical and it consists of first
fixing suitable Hindi suffixes for corresponding
suffixes in the English terms, e.g. al, oid etc. and then
using them to make derivative words from basic stems.
A few examples of words coined according to this
method are : - .--+ for numerical, +.- for
cuboid etc.
(c) Prefixes Method :
The same grammatical procedure is followed in this
method also and suitable prefixes in Hindi are first
fixed for corresponding. English Prefixes and then the
derivatives from basic words are made by the addition
of these prefixes. Thus, we have made .'+'- for
antibody, ~'~-.. for convergent, ~-.. for
divergent and so on.
This method has also been employed by us for building
up new families of words from one basic word in
coining new and precise equivalents for an associated
group of terms. Thus, for resolution, proposal and
motion (only one term) .-+.+ was so far in current
use. In order to eliminate this loseness of usage and to
bring our the exact shade of meaning of each term, we
have made - -+.+ and .-+.+ respectively for
resolution and motion reserving .-+.+ exclusively
for proposal for which is most widely used in modern
Hindi.
(d) Method of Grammatical Affinity :
According to this method, new words have been
coined on the basis of root meaning of the original
terms giving to these new words a recognizable
S.Y.B.A. / 59
grammatical affinity with their parent words. Thus,
~'+-- for manifesto, ~-.'+.- for armistice,
'++ . for investment.
(e) Imaginative Method :
This method has been adopted in case of words which
in course of time have developed semantic connotations
very widely removed from their etymological
meaning. In such cases, we have resorted to a purely
imaginative and creative process by which the new
word evolved by us expressed the present connotation
of the original word without reference to its structural
form or literal meanings. Examples of such creations
are : e-. for brief (in the legal sense), -.+'-+
+. for Psychoincome (in the economic sense);
~.--. for Zero hour (in the military sense). These
new equivalent are in most cases actually more
representative of the concept involved than the original
terms.
(10) It is hoped, this elucidation of our methods and
processes will arouse interest in these terminologies
and will facilitate their adoption by the general
public and by the various technical institutions
and academic bodies. It is through constant use by
the scientific writer and researcher that these new terms
will acquire their full stature and develop the
associations which serve to bridge the ever present
gap between the idea as conceived and the word which
expressed it. As these terminologies are gradually
assimilated by all the languages of India, we can
visualise the emergence of a common Pan-Indian
technical language which will serve as an easy and
S.Y.B.A. / 60
effective medium for the exchange of scientific and
technological knowledge between the various linguistic
areas of the country.
ai == =+ |z i - |zai + +i. . ,+ +|-a+,
ai++ =
-. - ++ ,. '-+. ..-.)
-+- |+ .. -.-. .++..:
: + - ~+. :.;.;::
: + - + .+. ,-) - - ~- :.;.;:
,) ;- '+: - :.;.;:
,,) ;- +: . '++ :.;.;:
: '-'. :: - +-
: '-'. :: - +- +. -+- ~. .-+. '+. ++.| :
- ++ ,+.. -.+ . '-+ ..-.) .++..:
. ' . ++ +.
-... + .~.+ - . + +.-. ~ -. +. ~+ +. ~
~.+.~. + .~.+ - . + +.-. ~. '. :
~ ~.+.~. - - -+ +~ + ..
,+- - +- - +.+)
,. -.-.'-+ . - ' + ..-
+ + -.-. '-.. +
++ -.-. '-.. +
. . - - . +.+. .
S.Y.B.A. / 61
. +.+ ~. '+~'+. + '+. + .. +
'~.+.~ -+-
' . +. '+~'+. ~. .++. ... '++ '+. ++.| :
.. +.+ -+. - + . ~ -
,-) +.+. + .+. ,~.. .+.)
,) --. - + ~. '- +.+-+-
,,) -.-. ~ -. +. '+-- +
. .'~.'++ .
. -+. - +. --+
~. '++ + - -- u+
~e - +. '+. ++.|
-. + .+.
. - u+,-) +.+. - u++.+. ~. + .+. -. --.-. +.+.
. '-~. +.+.
,) ': - u+ ,. . + +.+.
-. -.e.-+. -.e.-+. +. ~.+.++. ~. .-+. --+:
,; : ) -.e.-+. +. ~ : +.+. :
,-) - u+ ,) + +.
,,) - .+ ,) +-.-. '+
,) .--.+. ,+. +. + .-...)
--. ~+ +. +.. -.+ ~ + . +.+. +. ' . ~+ +.:
-. '. : - u+ ,-) --- -+ - + . '. :
,) --.. - + . '. :
,,) - +. .. - + . '. :
S.Y.B.A. / 62
. ~ . ~
~.' ~. ~ ,;-.') - +. u.+ +.-.
~.' ~-+ + - . - ~.'
;- - +'+ + + +
;+ -. '-+. .+ -.+ + '-|
-+'-. +.
.+. ~-.;
~+. + .; -.+. +.+ +. + |+
' -. .
+ +.- +.+ - +--
+ +.- ... - +.-
+ '+ -+. .. -+.
+ +. '+ . .-. .. . ++.
+'- +'- + : + . -.
+-. ~'u-. + - : + : +-.
+. +.+. +. ~ ++.- ++ +-.. +-.
+. -.+ '+. + ~ ++ -. +.
+.:. +.:+. +. ~ ++.- + + -
+. :. + +.-. ~ + + + +. -.
+'. -:- -. '+. '+
+.. + -.+. - + .+ .+. ... .+
+ - -++ .. + +.-.. +.+
+ - .-.+ .; .-.. .-.
- +. +. '+.
S.Y.B.A. / 63
- .
--. ...'+ '~.. + .
'. - ~+ + . .. + - ~.+ . '++. .... -.-.
. + + -+ + + '-+. .. --.+ . '++ ~ - '~.+.
: .. - ~ ++ - -- ~ + +. --;.+. ~.+.+ :
--. ...'+ '~.. + . +. . - . ++ :
. ~ . ~
~. ~+. + - + .
~ -. + - '++..
~. +. -. + + +
~.- - + + 'e. +. +'+
~. -.. -. + +.+. |+ +.-
~. - + |+ +.+. ;'
~~ '+~ ~'+- +.
.~ . +. ~+- ~.+
~. --+. + ~+ - '-+. + -+.
,--. + '-|) . -+
~' .- ~+- +.
~'- ~ - . ~. . ~+- - ~. ~+-
~-. -u. ~.+- ..'+. ..--
~+' --. +.- ~+ '++. + |
~+. ~+ . +. ~.+. ~+ . +. +.
~.'+ '+'+. u ~'~u .++ +.-.
~.+. . 'u.+. ~+'~u ~+.+
S.Y.B.A. / 64
. ~ . ~
.:+. + . ~+ +.
.+ .z - ~.+ .+.
+' + '+ '+-
+. '. .+ +.+
'+-. +
+.-. +.-. . +. .
+':+ +-+ ,++.) '+- +.+ +
+':+ + .. +- +. '+'+ ~.
e- e.+. ++ .
e.- '+:.. +.+ ... -+ '+
'- .+. + . '.+ +. + -
-. +-. +. . - +- - ,+.:+ +.)
+ '+. ~.. '++ + '- -.; + '-|
'++.-. +.
+ '-- +.
. . -. +. '-
. + .. '.- ++... +-
'+ - . + '-. -.-.
.- + . . ..- +--+.
+. - .-. -+ +. -.
+. +.+
+-. ++.
+. +.+
+ +.-.+
S.Y.B.A. / 65
. ~ . ~
++ +. .. --.
++ . +. .'. -. +
+ ++ ' '+
+ -+ . .. --. . + +.
~++ -- +. +--
~ ++ - -. +. +.-
-+ -+ '+-.+ ; -.
-+. +.- + '+..+ '-
-' -+ .+. -
+. - .' .
+ + ++ +.
+ ' .++ '+-
'+.+ -+ +.-.. '+.+ . .'+u.
++.+ +.-. .. .+
'+ + '+.+. +.+ + .+. ,+.+) +. +.
- ++.. - +. '-+.
- ~ .. - +'- +'-.+
-+ ~. +-. +.
-++ +.-. -. + +.+ +-+
+.+ +.
- '- - ; . - -+. ++ +.-.
~.+. --++.. +.. - '- '+-
~.+. ~.+ +. -.+. .++.
S.Y.B.A. / 66
. ~ . ~
. ..-+ +.-+. - + '+ ++.
. - - + -.
-- .z .. '+..+. - .+
-e -.u ..- -'-. -.-
+.-+. +.-+. -.- - . ..
ai|=i|+ oi+=i
+ii =i= + +|i+= +i=i|+i=i |+ui=
Accountant - +..-. - u.+.
Credit Account .. u.+
Account u.+.. - u.
Advance ~'+ -
Amount +-. .'.
Arrears ++..
Air Condition +.+.+ + -+
Allowance ~.
Acceptance -+.+ +.
Accordingly '-... ++ -.
Act ~''+-
Acting +. +.+ ,+. +..)
Adhoc +
Adjourn +.- . ++.. -'++ ++.
Advance ~'+ -
S.Y.B.A. / 67
Affidavit -++.-.. .-
Agenda +.. +-.. +. - -.
Agent | :. ~'~++.
Agreement +.. ~+ + ,--'+)
Annual return +.'+ + '++.
Approval ~+ -. +
Audit - +. .e.
Auditor - u. .e+
Authority .-.. ..'+..
Autonomous -+.
Negotiation +.+-.+ ,--;. + +.)
Registrar .+.
Vigilance -. +... -++ +.
Time-barred +.-.+.+
Bank ~'+. +
Balance - + -+. . +
Banking ~'+. +
Balance-Sheet + -+. -
Bill -.. +.+.
Bond + -
Board - --. '+
Bearer +.+
Bonafide +.-+'++
Capital .
S.Y.B.A. / 68
Cash ++. . +-
Cash Book . +- +.
Cashier . +'-.. u. -.
Carrer .'++.. + '
Cheque - +
Charge-Sheet ~.. -
Clear-vacancy -: ''+
Claimant .+.. .+ .
Clerical-error '-u.; +. ~ -. - u+
~. '
Code - '+.. '+-.+-.
Credit ..
Communique '+u'+
Compensation - ~.+.. e'+ '+
Computer - ++
Confidential +. +.
Concesion '.-+
Comment :.+. ':.
Commission ~.. +
Consignment . '++ -.-. . +
Consumer .~. +.
Contract . +.. +.. - '+.
Custody ~'~e.
Circular '-
Dead account + - u.. '+'+ - u.
Control (CD) '+ - ,'+'+ -.)
S.Y.B.A. / 69
Degradation +:+.. . +:+.
Demotion .++'+
Deputation '.:- -e
Despatch Clerk . ++ +-+
Director '+ .+
Director General -.'+ .+
Dividend -.~. .
Deposit -.
Defecit +.:.
Debit u-
Division Banch u -..
Divisional '+~.+.
Document -+.+ ,.- u)
Draftsman ..-+. ,++..++.-)
Leave e _.
Designation +.-
Depositor -.++.
Delay '+- +
Draft --. . ..-
Earned Leave ~' + e _.
Eligibility .-+.
Endorsement -- +. -. ++.
Face value ~ '++ - -
Form .- ,-. ~.+.)
Formal ~. -.'+
S.Y.B.A. / 70
Formula - -
Finance '+
Fund '+'
Forged Signature .-. -+.e
Goods -.-
Guidance -.+ . +. '+ .+
Gazette .-
Grant ~+ .+
Indent -. +-
Identity -.+ -
Interium ~+'-
Investment . -+.+.. '++ .
Initial - 'e+ -+.e
Honorary ~+ +'++
Head Office ..+ +.. -
Honourable -.++.
Immediate ~'+--+
Instalment '+.+
Joining date +.. ~ +..u. +. +
'+'
Junior +'+.. ~+
Joint - +
Joint Account - + u.+.
Major +-+
Margin -.~. ~+. + .;.
S.Y.B.A. / 71
Minor -+ . +.
Minutes +. +
Motion .-+.+
Important --+
Manager .+ +
Modification - .. +
Mode of payment ~ ++.+ +. .'+
Menco u.+
Mortgage +
Index ~+ + -.
Increment + +++ '
Long Term Loan .+. +' +
Ledger u.+.
Liability +.
Net profit . -.~ ++.
Nomince ~'- -+.
Net loss . .'+
Neutral +:-
Over Payment ~'+ ~ ++.+
Official ..-+.
Paid ~. '+. ~.
Pay ~. + . + ++
Pay order ~ ++.+ ~. .
Payment stop ~ ++.+ . +
Promotion . '+ ,.. + +)
S.Y.B.A. / 72
Payee .+ +.-.
Provident Fund ~'+'+'
Priority ..'-++.
Reminder -- -
Registration .+
Refund +.'+ ++.
Recurring ~.++ +
Renewal ++.+
Recovery of Loan + +. +- -.
Revenue Stamp +.-.. ':+:
Reference - ~
Secretary -'-+
Standard -.++
Surcharge ~'~.
Strong room - 'e+ +e
Suit - +-.
Statement '++
Stenographer ~.. '-'+
Surety -.++.
Superintendent ~.e+
Temporary ~-.; . ~-+.'-+
Total . +. . -
Tender '+'+.
Transfer +-.. -.+. +
Under Consideration '+-...+
S.Y.B.A. / 73
Vacancy '+
Vacation ~++.. ,e _.)
Withdrawal '++.-.. ~
Wireless + +.
+i+i o
Above mentioned +. +.. .','u+
Accepted on trial basis .e + ~.. -+.+ +
After Perusal u - + + +.
A matter of extreme urgency ~- + ~.+.+ -.--.
Appear for interview -.e.-+. + '-| .'-+ .
Applicable to -.+
As may be necessary . ~.+.+
Behind schedule ~+ - '-+ -- + +.
Balance to be complete ++.. +.- . ++.
Call for explanation +.+ +-+ '+. .
Check and give remarks . - + ~. + '++
Case has been closed -.--. --.+ + '.
+.
Delay in disposal '+:.+ - .
Do the needful ~.+.+ +. +.; +
Duly verified '+'++ --.'+
For early compliance ..+ ~+ .-+ + '-|
For favour of necessary action.'-+ +.+.; ++ +. +.
+
S.Y.B.A. / 74
For Immediate action please+ . +-+.- +.+.; +
Funds are available ++- .-
In lieu of + +-
In the mean while ++ ++
It is within your powers ~. + ~'+. -
Keep pending '+ . . + u
Kindly Confirm + . ': +
Kindly Consider + . '+-. +
May be Cancelled z + '. .
No funds are available +- .- +.
Not Satisfactory - +. +++ +.
n = n i - n =+
-. ++.+. :.;.': + .'.e+ + - -.-. ~.+ -+.
. ++.+. - . '-+ - '+.| .~.+. '+~.+. + - -.-
~.+ -+.
,. .+. .... +.-+ + - -.-. ~.+ -+.
|z i +a =i
. ' . -+. ~. .+ +.- ++ + .-.
. ~ + . ' . ..-+. .. + +. .. .+..+ ..-
~ - --
o =
.. ' .- -+. ~.-. '-+ . ,~.+ - + )
S.Y.B.A. / 75
z= +i ,+i+i +i,
. +.. - -.'+. + . |. ' . '+. .. -. '+.
++. ',.
n =+
. - ++ - +.+-.+|+-.~.:.. +; ',.
. . ' . -. . +.. .-. +. '.+
-. .. +- -+ ' . |+ ,- u+ -.-.) -. . +- ;.-: .
'+:.'+.. +; ',.
--.~.+ + ..- -. . '.++.. -+ + .. ~e .+..+
... '-.. +; ',.
-. +..- -.'+.-.+ '+.+ +--. -+.. -+-+.
,+ . -'-+.-. ' . '-. +; ',.)
z= +i ,+ii =i= z = i +i+i +i |z i z= +i,
-. ~+ +. +. -+- |+ ~e ~+ +. +. '+. ++.|
. ~+ +. + .+.
+i+
( 1 ) Kamala has applied for final withdrawal form her G.P.F.
( 2 ) Government sanctioned an interest free loan to such
employees whose houses were damaged by the floods.
( 3 ) The bill is returned as the joining report is not attached
with it.
( 4 ) The matter has been under consideration for a long
time.
( 5 ) Fresh proposals in this regard are invited.
( 6 ) The matter has been referred to the administrative
Ministry.
( 7 ) Copy forwarded for information and necessary action.
( 8 ) Draft of the sanction letter is placed below for
Approval.
( 9 ) Pay can be fixed under FR 22 (c).
S.Y.B.A. / 76
(10) The receipt of the letter has been acknowledged.
(11) We may remind the Director General after a month.
(12) The file may kindly be returned early after keeping
extracts.
(13) There is no cause to modify the order already passed.
(14) Enquiry may be completed and its report submitted
at an early date.
(15) Draft approved as amended.
(16) I fully agree with the office note orders may be issued.
(17) This amount has become irrecoverable. May be
written off.
(18) Our call bell is not in working order. Please get it
repaired soon.
(19) We are not concerned with this.
(20) The file in question is placed below.
(21) Chief Controller has returned the papers.
(22) No action on our part seems to be called for.
If approved, the papers may be recorded.
(23) Nothing is due from the Contractor.
(24) The final bill is not on the prescribed form.
(25) Payment is to be made quarterly at the rates given
in this estimate.
(26) Certified that the purchases have been made at the
lowest market rate.
(27) There is no justification for interfering with the
decision of the Director.
(28) He may be advised to get his name registered in the
nearest Employment Exchange if not already done.
(29) The application seems to be in order we may have no
objection to accord necessary permission as in the draft
sanction put up.
(30) The banks have granted Loans on case terms to the
flood stricken persons.
S.Y.B.A. / 77
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+i| + aiui
-- , + : . + -
-. +: +. -++ ~..'+ ..... .+. . .- .
z+i
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,. : +. -++ + +'+ .+. . .- .
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,u) ~.+ + - +. +- +. ++.+. , - - -)
z+i
|z i ni=i--ai == =+ |z i aia ni
+i| + aiui
-- , + : . + -
-. ,~) +.+. +. +- +. ++.+. ,~ ++ + '++-) ,'++ '. .|)

,~.) ':. +. ..- ++.+. ,~ ++ + '++-) '++ '.

.|)
S.Y.B.A. / 78
. ,+) -.e.-+. +. --. . ++.+. ,~ ++ + '++-) '++ '.
.|)
,u) '. : +. +- +. ++.+. ,~ ++ + '++-) ,'++ '.
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,+) +. :+ - '| +| .. + . - -. + +.+ -
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(7) English
English Special Paper I (S-I)
Term I (A) 17th & 18th Century English Poetry
Books Prescribed
( i ) Five Centuries of Poetry edited by C. N.
Ramchandran and Radh Acher (Macmillan) OR
(B) 17th and 18th Century English Drama
( i ) The Way of the World - Congreve (Op. Macmillan)
( ii) The School for Scandal - Sherindan (Macmillan)
Term II - English Romantic Poetry (Prescribed Text)
( i ) An Anthology of Nineteenth Century
Poetry ed. by Khan and Das (O. U. P.)
Portion for the First Term
(A) Following poems only from Five Centuries of Poetry
Poems to be studied
( 1 ) Shakespeare ( i ) When to the seasons
( ii) That Time of Year
(iii) My Mistress Eyes
( 2 ) John Donne ( 1 )Song
( 2 ) The Canonization
( 3 ) Batter My Heart
( 3 ) John Milton ( 1 )How Soon Hath Time
( 2 ) When I consider
( 4 ) Andrew Marvell ( 1 )To his Coy Mistress
( 5 ) Henry Vaughan ( 1 )The Night
( 6 ) John Dryden ( 1 )From Absalom &
Achitophel
The Portrait of Achitophel (Lines 150-229 only)
( 7 ) Alexander Pope - From the Rape of the Lock
(Lines 124-148)
( 8 ) Thomas Gray - Elegy Written in Country Churchyard
( 9 ) William Blake ( i ) The Lamp
( ii) The Tyger
OR
S.Y.B.A. / 80
(B) ( 1 ) Congreve - The Way of the World
( 2 ) Sheridan - The School for Scandal
OR
(B)
Q.1 Reference to the context - Four to be attempted two
from each play) (15)
Q.2 Essay-type question on The Way of the World (15)
Q.3 Essay-type question on The School for Scandal (15)
Q.4 (a) Short notes any two to be attempted one each
from the plays prescribed
OR
(b) Eassay type question on the background
Portion for the Annual Examination
( 1 ) Following poems only to be studied from
An Anthology of Nineteenth Century poetry
( 1 ) Wordsworth (1) Tinern Abbey
(2) The World Is Too Much
With Us
(3) The Lucy Palms.
( 2 ) Coleridge (1) Kubla Khan
( 3 ) Lord Byron (1) She Walks in Beauty
(2) There be None of Beautys
Daughters
( 4 ) P. B. Shalley(1) Ode to the West Wind
(2) To a Skylark
(3) To Night
( 5 ) John Keats (1) Ode on a Grecian Urn
(2) Ode to a Nightingale
(3) To Autumn
S1 Understanding Drama
(1) The Merchant of Venice : W. Shakespeare
(2) The Glass Menagerie : Tennessee William
(3) Ghosts : Henrik Ibsen.
S.Y.B.A. / 81
S.Y.B.A. English
English Special Paper II (S-2) From June 1999
18th and 19th Century English Novel
Book Prescribed
( 1 ) The Vicar of Wakefield - Oliver-Goldsmith
( 2 ) Jane Eyre - Charlotte Bronte
( 3 ) Victorain Poetry - University of Pune (1976 Edition)
Publication
Portion for Term I
( 1 ) The Vicar of Wakefield
( 2 ) Jane Eyre
Portion for Term II
The following poems from Victorain poetry only to be
studied :
( 1 ) Elizabeth Barrett Browning
Sonnets from the Portuguese (Sonnets 7, 8, 35, 43)
( 2 ) Tennyson -( i ) Ulysses
( ii) From In Memoriam
(sections 1,2,7,8,13,18,22,27 only)
(iii) Tithonus
( 3 ) Fitzgerald-from Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam
( 4 ) Robert Browing -( i ) My last Duchess
( ii) Andrea Del Sarto
( 5 ) Matthew Anold ( i ) From Memorial Verses
( ii) The Scholar-Gypsy
(iii) Dover Beach
( 6 ) D. G. Rossetti - The Blessed Damozel
( 7 ) James Thomson
From the City of the Dreadful Night
S.Y.B.A. / 82
(8) Sanskrit
n.+i.+i..
-.-.
-. .- ~++ +.+. ~. . -. -
. + + . -+ -, + -
'+. +-+ + . -
-. +...-- '+-.
. ~ ..-- ~'+ - + .
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-. + '+ - +. -. ~.-
,-) ++ .+.- - +
-.-. -.-. -.-,. .-. ,..-. .,. ...
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,) | + + .- . +.~+ '.+.
,,) + '.+ .- ..- +.+.-''+
,) .++ .- .-..- ++~.+ ++.
,) '-+.+ .- .,. --.'+.
S.Y.B.A. / 83
,+) .'++ .+.
,-) + +. +'+++ ,.,. ,.
,) +.. '+++ -.. .,
,,) - -+. '++ ,.-
,) e.. . '+++ .-.,
,) + .+. '+++ ..--.
(9) Persian
(General Paper II)
(2000-2001, 2001-2002, 2002-2003)
Poetry : Adabiya-e-Farsi. Edt. by Dr. Amanat
Shaikh & Prof. Nazir Ahmed Ansari.
( 1 ) (a) Rubaiyat-e-Umar Khayyam.
(First-100 Rubasi) Ed. by Maulvi Hahest Prasac.
(b) Scansion of simple meters.
( 2 ) Diwane-e-hafiz Shirazi.
(Radif meem) Ed. by Kazi Sajjad Husain.
( 1 ) Portion for the Term End Examination :
(a) Rubaiyat-e-Umar Khayyam.
(b) Life sketch of Khayyam, Explanation; Translation.
Total marks : 60 (Two hours duration).
No. of questions : Four (with internal choice).
Pattern of Question paper
(a) Critical question on the poet and his Art and Literary
survey of poets age. 15
(b) Short notes on the views of the poet on any two
topics in simple persian. 10
(c) Translation and explanation of Four Rubais in Urdu
or Marathi or English or explain in Persain. 20
(d) Scansion of Three couplets out of Five. 15

Total marks : 60
S.Y.B.A. / 85
( 2 ) Portion for the Annual examination :
Portion prescribed as above.
Total No. of marks : 80 (Three hours duration).
Pattern of question paper
(a) Critical question on Umar Khayyam. 15
(b) Short notes on the views of Umar Khayyam in
Persian. 15
(c) Critical question on Hasiz and his Art, age and form
of Ghazal. 20
(d) Short notes on the views of Hafiz in Persian. 15
(e) Translation and explanation of Five couplets of
Hafiz out of seven. 15

Total marks : 80
S.Y.B.A. Persian
(Special Paper I)
(1994-95, 1995-96, 1996-97)
As per the Previous syllabus.

S.Y.B.A. Persian
(Special Paper II)
(1994-95, 1995-96, 1996-97)
As per the previous syllabus.
(10) Arabic General
(A) 1st Term : (a) Grammar (b) Translation
(a) Grammar : Al-Qiratul Waheda
Part II by Waheeduzzaman, Keranwi.
Lessons : 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17.
18.
Translation : Simple sentences based on the above
mentioned grammar.
Book recommended : Arabic for Beginners by
Sayyed Ali (Madras).
(B) II Term : Prose :
Al-Qiratur-Rasheeda, Published by Kutub
Khana, Husainiya, Deoband.
(11) French
1. Objectives of the Course :
1. Reinforcement : Revision of Grammar, Vocabulary and
Structures acquired earlier by the learner.
2. Ability to write correct French at an intermediate level.
3. Ability to understand French as spoken by a native
4. Ability to translate from French a text of an inter-
mediate level.
5. Ability to read and understand Intermediate level texts.
6. Ability to write an Essay/Composition in French.
7. For Students of French Special : Exposure to Literary
Texts of the 17th and 18th Centuries and History and
Geography of France.
2. Course Content :
S.Y.B.A. (General) French
1. Grammar : The following Topics only :
1. LAccord du Participe passe
2. Le Passif : Oas simples
3. LAccord du verbeavee son sujet
4. Revision et approfondissement des Pronoms
personnels.
2. Grammar : The following Topics only :
1. Le Passif : Cas avances
2. Les Pronoms relatis
3. Les pronoms interrogratifs
4. Emplio des conjonctions dopposition
5. LImparait du Subjonctif (Connaissance
Passive seulement)
6. Style Direct Indirect.
S.Y.B.A. / 88
3. Text Priscribed
Selection of French Texts for S.Y.B.A. and T.Y.B.A.
French Course (General)
Published by University of Pune, 1997.
Section A - Dossiers 1,2,3,4.
and
Section B.
Section C.
Section D.
French Special Paper I
Paper I (A) Study of the following authors and the
extracts from their works from Somments Litleraires Francis
edited by
Francais Denoeu University
1. Rene Descartes - Je pense doncje suis
2. Pierre Corneille - le Cid
3. Jean de la Fontaine (a) le loupet l4e chien
(b) Le Heron
(c) La fille
4. Moliere - LAvare.
5. Mme de LaFayette - La princesse de Cleve
6. Boileau - LArt Poetique
7. Jean Racine - Andromaque
(B) History of France
From Origine to Louis XIV
Books Recommended
(1) Petit mirroir de la civilisation francaise
(2) Nouvean livre d histoire de France.
S.Y.B.A. / 89
(ArmondCotin)
Special Paper II
Study of the following authors and their works of the
18th Century as prescribed in SOMMENTS LITTERAIRES
FRANCAIS edited by Francais Denoeu.
(1) MARIVAUX
(i) LE JEU DE LAMOUR ET DU HAZARD
Acte III Scenes VIII et IX.
(2) MONTESQUIEU
(i) Lettres Persanes
(a) La Curiosite des Parisiens
(b) Bonheur des femmes dy Sevail.
(ii) LEsprit des lois
(a) les Bounes Lois forment une harmonie
general.
(b) les Trois, Esperer de governments.
(3) VOLTAIRE
( i ) Letters Philosophiques
(a) la liberte politique.
(b) la Repartition des imports.
( ii) Candide
Il faut se taire et ultiure san jardin
(4) ROUSSEAU
( i ) Comment Rousseau derient auteur
( ii) Discous Sur I origine de linegalite
(iii) Theatre de Moliere
(iv) E mile.
(5) DIDEROT
( i ) le Weneu de Rameau
(6) BEAUMARCHAIS
( i ) le Mariage de Figaro Monologue de Figaro
(7) CHENIER
( i ) La Jeune Captive
S.Y.B.A. / 90
Geographic :
( i ) le Relief de la France
( ii) le Climat
(iii) les Cours dEau
(iv) les Co^tes.
Recommended Reading
Geographic Cours Moyen Librarie Armand Colin.
Question Paper Format for S.Y.B.A. FRENCH
S.Y.B.A. : FRENCH-(General Paper) 1
(Marks out of 100, Duration : 3 Hours)
Q.1. Questions based on the prescribed texts : 40
(a) Short questions (15)
(b) Long questions (10)
(c) Reference to context ( 9)
(d) Explain in French ( 6)
Q.2. (a) Translation (English into French) 10
(b) Translation (French into English) 10
Q.3. Grammar : 40
Based on lessons 1 to 36 Mauger Course de langue
et de civilization francaises II.
FRENCH Special Paper I
(17th Century French Literature and History of France)
Marks : 100
Division of Marks :
(a) Questions on literature 80
Q. 1,2,3 of 20 marks each (20 3 = 60)
Q. 4 RTC 20 marks
(b) Q. 5 History 20 marks 20
S.Y.B.A. / 91
FRENCH Special Paper II
(18th Century French Literature and Geography of
France)
Marks : 100
Division of Marks :
(a) Question of Literature 80
Q. 1,2,3 of 20 marks each (20 3 = 60)
Q. 4 RTC 20 marks.
(b) Q. 5 Geography, 20 Marks. 20
S.Y.B.A. / 92
S.Y.B.A. French (General)
In pursuance of the decision taken by the University
authorities, it is hereby notified for the information of all
concerned that the Pattern of Question paper has been
prescribed for S.Y.B.A. French (General) as under :
Marks
(a) Textual Question 35
(b) Grammar 35
(c) Translation French-English 08
(d) Translation English-French 08
(e) Oral Examination 14

100

(12) German
II. Course in German for the Second Year of the B.A. Degree
Course :
Objectives of the Course :
(a) Ability to read fluently and understand inter-
mediate texts which cover all aspects of essential
grammar and vocabulary.
(b) Ability to write correct German at an inter-
mediate level.
(c) Ability to translate from German into English or
Marathi.
(d) Ability to write about 20-25 lines on simple
themes based on text related topics.
(e) Ability to carry on conversation on topics
pertaining to every day life.
(f) For students of German Special : Exposure
through literary texts to culture and civilization
of people and countries, where German is
spoken.
Course Content : Recommended book : Deutsch Als
Fremadspeache IB by Braun, Nieder, Schmoe.
N.B. ( 1 ) Only the prescribed books and recommended
books are being changed w.e.f. June 1994.
( 2 ) The Syllabus, Examination Pattern and Distri-
bution of Marks remain unchanged, until
otherwise decided and duly notified.
S.Y.B.A. / 94
1. SYBAGermanGeneral Paper I
(Grammar and Prescribed Texts)
(a) Recommended for study of grammar only :
First Term Relevant portions from
and 1. Haussermann & others :
Second Term : Sprachkurs Deutsch 2 and/or
2. Schulz/Sundermeyer/Thies :
Grammatik and Ubungsbuch
(Zu Deutsche Sprachlehre fur
Auslander)
(b) Prescribed for textual study : H. Schroder/I.
Kirchhoff : Wir lesen Deutsch-2 Teil
First Term : Lessons I to IX-Only B and C
Texts.
Second Term : Lessons X to XVI-only B and
C Texts.
2. SYBAGermanSpecial Paper I
(Short Narratives & Landeskunde)
(a) Prescribed Narratives : Gunter Spang :
Z olf heiter Ku zgeschichten (Hucber)
First Term : Pages 3 to 17
Second Term : Pagers 18 to 34
(b) Prescribed Landeskunde-Topic : Outline History
of Germany and the Germans
First Term : From the beginning (ca. 100 B.C.) to the
end of Thirty Years War (1648 A.D.)
Second Term : From 1648 to the Present Day
Recommended material : (1) Tatsachen uber
Deutschland (Latest Edition)
S.Y.B.A. / 95
(2) B. B. Kulkarni : Deutschland und die Deutschen
im Wandel der Zeiten (Hektographierte Blatter)
(3) SYBAGermanSpecial Paper II
(Poetry and longer Narratives)
First Term : Prescribed Poetry Texts : B. B.
Kulkarni : German Verse, An Anthology for
Indian Students
Serial Nos. : 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 29, 30,
33, 34, 35, 37, 38 and 40.
Second Term : Prescribed Narratives :
1. Hermann Hesse : Der Pfirsischbaum
2. Hermann Hesse : Die Suben Brote
3. Herman Hesse : Marcher vom Korbstubi
4. Heinrich Boll : Die Postkarte
5. Heinrich Boll : Unberechenbare Gaste
6. Wolfgrag Barchert : Das Brot.
S.Y.B.A. / 96
S.Y.B.A. German
In pursuance of the decision taken by the University
Authorities, it is hereby notified for the information of all
concerned that the following Stories have been deleted from
:
S.Y.B.A. German (Special) Paper-I
(1) Peter Schneider Doppelpass
(2) Reiner Kunze Elements
(3) Dogmar Chidolue Aber Spab
Mussesmachan.
Above changes will come into force with effect from
the Academic Year 2000-2001.
S.Y.B.A. / 97
Question Paper Format for S.Y.B.A. GERMAN
GERMANGeneral Paper I (3 Hours : 100 Marks)
( 1 ) Content oriented long-answer questions on the
prescribed Texts. (2 out of 3/4) 20
( 2 ) Content-oriented short-answer questions on the
Texts. (5 out of 7/8) 15
( 3 ) Questions to test the knowledge and use of
German grammar, structures, vocabulary,
word-formation, etc. 35
( 4 ) Translation of a German (unseen) passage into
English or Marathi. 15
( 5 ) A short composition on a given topic, which may
or may not be based on the prescribed texts.
(Only one out of 3/4) 15
GERMANGeneral Paper I (3 Hours : 100 Marks)
Section I (Short Narratives)
( 1 ) Long-answer question on the prescribed Texts.
(3 out of 5) 30
( 2 ) Short-answer questions on the prescribed Texts.
(5 out of 7/8) 20
Section II (Landeskunde)
( 3 ) Long-answer questions on the prescribed topics
of Landeskunde. (6 out of 10) 30
( 4 ) Short objective questions on the prescribed topics
of Landeskunde, E.g. fill-in-the-blanks, pair-off,
multiple choice, correct-or-wrong, etc. 20
GERMANSpecial Paper II (3 Hours : 100 Marks)
Section I (Longish Narratives)
( 1 ) Long-answer question on prescribed Narratives.
(4 out of 6) 20
S.Y.B.A. / 98
( 2 ) Short-answer question on prescribed Narratives.
(5 out of 7/8) 15
( 3 ) Brief re-narration of prescribed Narrative.
(one out of 2) 15
Section II (Poetry)
( 4 ) Content-oriented questions on prescribed poems.
(4 out of 6/7) 20
( 5 ) Explain with reference to the context (Elucida-
tion of the meaning of verses from poems).
(3 out of 5) 15
( 6 ) Either :
(a) Appreciation/Interpretation of a prescribed
Poem.
OR
(b) Short notes in German on terms or concepts
pertaining to study of literature with
illustrative examples from the prescribed
poems. (3 out of 5) 15
S.Y.B.A. / 99
Appendix to S.Y. & T.Y.B.A. German
Encl. to Circular No. 108/1999.
GERMAN
Expected implementation 1998-99.
S.Y.B.A.
I. Paper No. :
Special Paper I. 100 Marks.
II. Paper Title :
Study of Literature in German.
III. Objectives of the Paper :
(1) To acquaint the student with a large variety of
literary forms from folkliterature and from the
modern literature ranging from proverbs,
aphorisms, fables, anecdotes etc. upto tale/short
story in Prose.
(2) Poems by classical poets both old and modern
who are supposed to form the canon of the
subject.
(3) Introduction of basic ideas/concepts related to all
the genres necessary in understanding the
literature of any language.
IV. Contents of the Paper :
App. 1 for No. (1) from III above.
App. 2 for No. (2) from III above.
App. 3 for No. (3) from above.
S.Y.B.A. / 100
V. Weightage for the different parts of the content of the
Paper :
(a) Prose selections
25/30% minimum. to make
(b) Poetry selection together 60%
25/30% minimum.
(c) Literary concepts 20%
(d) Translation of a seen and studied passage from
German into English or Marathi 20%.
APPENDIX : I/1
(A) PROVERBS :
1. Man soll dem Kaiser geben, was des Kaisers ist.
2. Wie die Kirche, so die Heiligen.
3. Wer die Rute Spart, Verzieht das Kind.
4. Im Munde Bibel, im Herzen bel.
5. Rede nicht, wo kein Ohr ist.
6. Dem vollen Bauch schmeckt alles bitter.
7. Voller Bauch lobt das Fasten.
8. Was der Bauer nicht Kennt, das iBt er nicht.
This list and the underlined words should help the
teacher to select further proverbs.
PROSE SELECTIONS :
1. Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten.
2. Die Siefgriedsage.
3. Die Faustsage.
4. MnchhausenGeschichten.
5. Mendelssohn und Friedrich der GroBe.

S.Y.B.A. / 101
1. DoppelpaBPeter Schneider.
2. ElementReiner Junze.
3. Auch mich riB es mitHans Peter Richter.
4. Aber SpaB muB es machenDagmar Chidolue.
5. Wir sind eine demokratische FamilieMax von der
Grn.
APPENDIX : I/2
1. J. W. Goethe Nhe des Geliebten.
2. Fr. von Schiller Und drinnen waltet die
zchtiage Hausfrau.
3. Fr. von Schiller Punshlied.
4. J. von Eichendorff FrhlingsgruB.
5. Matthias Claudius Motetto als der erste Zahn
durch war.
6. G. Heine Im wunderschnen Monat
Mai.
7. H. Heine Ein Fichtenbaum steht
einsam.
8. H. Erdmann Huser in der Stadt.
9. J. Ringelnatz Herbst.
10. H. Hesse September.
11. G. Trakl Im Winter.
12. E. Kastner Besagter Lenz ist da.
13. B. Brecht Der Adler.
14. E. Roth Der StrauB.
15. R. Kunze Die Mauer.
16. H. Domin Ziehende landschaft.
17. R. Richert Statistik.
18. Th. Weinobst Anfang.
19. J. Spohn Ich nicht.
20. Anonymous Kein Feuer, keine Kohle.
S.Y.B.A. / 102
APPENDIX : I/3
Reim.
Rhythmus.
Fabel.
Sage.
Anecdote.
Lied / Gedicht.
Ballade.
Hymne.
Epos.
Legende.
EpikDramatikLyrik.
Tragdie.
Komdie.
Mischformen.
HeldProtagonistAntagonist.
S.Y.B.A.
I. Paper No. :
Special Paper II 100 Marks.
II. Paper Title :
Study of the German Culture and Civilization.
III. Objectives of Paper :
To acquaint the students with socio-politico-
historical aspects of life of the German people. The
term German here includes also the people from other
German speaking countries like Austria and
Switzerland (i.e. other than FRG).
S.Y.B.A. / 103
IV. Contents of the Paper :
*(a) Geographyoriented towards Landeskunde.
Material prepared by Damle, Wernicke and
Rajguru.
*(b) HistoryMaterial prepared by Mrs. S. Kher.
(c) Rapid Reader : Ilse ist wegChristine Nstliner.
V. Weightage :
(a) Landeskunde/Geography 30%
(b) History 40%
(c) Rapid Reader 30%
*Not supplied herewith as this material is in use for
last 5/6 years.
S.Y.B.A.
I. Paper No.
General Paper II 100 Marks.
II. Paper Title :
Core Grammer and Structures Elementary Level2.
III. Objectives of the Paper :
Completing the Instruction of Core grammar and
Structures and their Consolidation.
IV. Contents of the Paper :
(a) Prescribed Textbook Sprachkurs Deutsch II.
(b) Following texts from Aktuelle Text 1 by Klett
Publishers App. :
1. Portraits der Deutschen.
2. FleiBIg und ordentlich, aber uberheblich ?
S.Y.B.A. / 104
3. Arbeit und Freizeit problemloses
Nebeneinander ?
4. Vier junge Leute diskutieren uber problems
im Elternhaus.
5. Vom Gastarbeiter zum Gastwirt App.
V. Weightage :
1. Translation of an unseen passage from German
into English. 16
2. Questions for comprehension of the prescribed
Texts. 24
3. Comprehension of an unseen passage. 15
4. Short essay or Personal letter. 10
5. Grammar, Perfekt, Passiv, Konjunktiv I and II
Weitere Konjunktionen. 25
6. Translation from English into German. 10

(13) Russian
(14) Pali
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,).
- .- '+.+ +. ,- - +.).
- .- , -- ,++ + . . . .. . -. -.
-. -. -. . . . ).
(15) Ardhamagadhi
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,~) ~+-- '~+. ,+- +' -.) ~+-- '~+.
,+) ~~+u. ,~ + +'+'-+)
- .- -
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S.Y.B.A (Revised)
(16) Philosophy (General)
G-II
PHILOSOPHY OF SAINTS (Alternative Course)
First Term :
1. a. Basic tenets of the following philosophy cults : aiva,
Vaishava, Nth, Sfi (and their application to the
thoughts of the resp. Saints)
b. Nature and role of the Bhakti Movement. Concepts of
Sagua Bahkti and Nirgua Bhakti.
c. Socio-cultural significance of the nature of the
teachings of saints : Critique or social practices and
prevalent forms of religion with respect to all the
above saints.
2. 2. 2. 2. 2. Basaveshwar Basaveshwar Basaveshwar Basaveshwar Basaveshwar
a. His views on : Bhakti and God; Shatstha Siddhanta,
Panchchr; Atvaraa; Guru, Linga, Jangam.
b. Doctrine of Kyak : Views on Pravriti and Nivtti
c. His views on equality of caste and gender
3. 3. 3. 3. 3. Kabir Kabir Kabir Kabir Kabir
a. Views on nature of Ultimate Reality, Saheb, Niranjan.
b. Concept of Guru. Distinction between Sadguru and
Dharmaguru.
c. Criticism of traditional regligion.
4. 4. 4. 4. 4. Nanak Nanak Nanak Nanak Nanak
a. Reasons for the emergence of Sikhism, Nature &
Principles of Sikhism.
b. Concepts of Hukum, Bhay, Bhakti and Sahaj.
S.Y.B.A. / 109
Second Term Second Term Second Term Second Term Second Term
5. 5. 5. 5. 5. Dnyneshwar Dnyneshwar Dnyneshwar Dnyneshwar Dnyneshwar
a. His contribution to a philosophical basis to the
Varakari Pantha.
b. Place of Bhagvat Gta in his philosophy : Reconciling
Dnynayoga, Bhaktiyoga, Karmayoga.
c. Significance of Pasyadn.
6. 6. 6. 6. 6. Tukaram Tukaram Tukaram Tukaram Tukaram
a. His concept of true Dharma and criticism of
Pkhanda.
b. His growth from a commoner to sainthood.
c. Tuka Zlse Kalas : Culmination of the Varkari cult.
7. 7. 7. 7. 7. Ramdas Ramdas Ramdas Ramdas Ramdas
a. Differentiations and synthesis of Prapanch and
Paramrtha : Vivekavda, Prayatnavda.
b. His concept of nandavan Bhuvan.
c. The contribution of Ramdasi Pantha. The Place and
role of women in the Ramdasi -Pantha.
8. 8. 8. 8. 8. Meerabai Meerabai Meerabai Meerabai Meerabai
a. Concept of Prembhakti : Social and spiritual
dimension.
b. Spiritual development of Meerabai individual and
social dimension.
c. Relevance of the Vallabh cult.
S.Y.B.A. / 110
Books for Reading Books for Reading Books for Reading Books for Reading Books for Reading
1. . .. +. -.+. .- ~'+- ... - +. '-'. + ..-.
. -.
2. R. G. Bhandarkar : Vaisnavism, Saivism and Minor
Religious Systems, Strassbury, 1913.
3. H. Thipperudraswami : "Basaweshwar', Maker of Indian
Literature Series, Sahitya Academy, New Delhi , 1975.
4. M. Chidananda Murthy : "Basavanna' National Book
Trust, New Delhi.
5. -. . +. '+ '-+ .+ ++. +. '+-... -.'- '++ ++.
+.+ .
6. Darshan Singh : "The Religion of Guru Nanak' Lyall Book
Depot., Chaum Bazar, Ludhiana.
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. -.
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++. ',..
13. ~+++.- '++.. -.. +. ~'+ ~. .-+. +.-.+. +.
~+ ..-+. -.'- ~++ ,...) '-.. ;-..+..
S.Y.B.A. / 111
PHILOSOPHY (GENERAL)
G-II
APPLIED ETHICS (Alternative Course)
First Term
1. Nature and significance of Applied Ethics.
2. Environmental Ethics :
*
Theocentrism, Biocentrism, Neo-Darwinism, Gaia,
Indian Approach.
*
Animal rights, vegetarianism, Experimentations on
animals.
*
Value of biodiversity.
3. Medical Ethics
*
Changes in approach to Medical practice - a
historical perspective
*
Doctor-Patient relationship : Patients rights,
Paternalism, Confidentiality.
Doctor-Doctor relationship
*
Doctor-Society relationship
Second Term
4. Social Ethics
*
Inequalities : Class. Caste, Gender
*
Friendship : Different views :
a. Classical : Aristotel, Kant
b. Contemporary : Ringer, Kahlil Gibran
c. Some issues : Value of friendship, frienship
and Duty
*
Sexual morality : Prostitution; Homosexuality-
Conservative & Liberal views.
S.Y.B.A. / 112
*
Marriage & Family : Traditional view, Marxist
View, Feminist view. Rights of Childern and duties
of parents.
5. Business Ethics
*
Perspectives on the nature of business : Western
Christian Theological perspective; Industrial
democracy perspective, Eco-systems perspective;
"Business is business" perspective.
*
Sustainability : sustainability vs survival; 'how to
have more' vs 'how much is enough'; ownership
and control of business.
*
Business and its social reponsibility vis-a-vis :
customers, investors, jobseekers, employees, other
stake-holders.
6. Media Edhics
*
Media and its types : Print, film, televison, internet
*
Nature and role of media.
*
Democracy and media : Press as the fourth pillar.
*
Ethical issues concerning media : Freedom.
objectivity, honesty, privacy
*
Media and sex; media and violence.
Books :
1. P. Singer (Ed.) - Applied Ethics - Oxford University
Press, 1988.
2. P. Singer : Practical Ethics - Cambridge University
Press, 1999.
3. Dr. S. K. Chahal : Environment and The Moral Life,
Ashish Publ. House, New Delhi, 1994.
4. S. Luper & C. Brown (Ed.) : The Moral Life (2nd Ed) -
Trinity University, Harcourt Brace College Publishers,
1999.
S.Y.B.A. / 113
5. I. IIlich - Medical Nemesis, Rupa & Co. 1975.
6. H. Titus & M. Keeton : The Range of Ethics, East-
West Press, 1972.
7. J. M. Bell & S. Mendus Ed. : Philosophy & Medical
Welfare, Cambridge University Press, 1988.
8. A. Belsey & R. Chadwick : Ethical Issues in Journalism
& the Media, Routledge, 1982.
9. W. F. Davies (Ed.) : Current Issues in Business Ethics,
Routledge, 1997.
10. R. Chadwick (Ed.) : Encyclopedia of Applied Ethics.
Academic Press, San Diago, 1998.
11. Khalil Gibran : The Prophet
12. Beteille Andre : Society and Politics in India, Oxford
University Press, 1991.
S.Y.B.A. / 114
S. Y. B. A.
PHILOSOPHY (SPECIAL)
S-I
EPISTEMOLOGY & METAPHYSICS
INDIAN APPROACHES
First Term :
1. a. Significance of Epistemology in the Indian
Philosophical tradition
b. Classification of Indian Philosophical systems
c. Distinctive methodological features : Purva Paksa-
Uttara Paksa; Khandan-Mandan; Bhsya Parampar
2. a. Nature of Congnition, Pram, Prama
b. Sources of knowledge : (Nature & Significnace)
Pratyaka, Anumna, - (a detailed discussion with
special reference to Nyya) Upmna, Sabda,
Arthaptti, Anupalabdhi (Only an introduction)
3. a. Theories of Error : Khytivda (Intoduction only);
Akhyti, Anyathkhyati (Detailed disucssion)
b. Hetvbhsa (with special reference to Nyya Darana)
c. Views regarding Svatah Prmpya and Paratah
Prmya
4. Jain theory of Judgment : Sydvda, Nayavda
Second Term Second Term Second Term Second Term Second Term
5. a. Concept of Metaphysics
b. Relation between Epistemology and Metaphysics
c. Theories of Causation : Skhya, Vednta, Nyya,
Bauddha
S.Y.B.A. / 115
6. Views regarding the nature of Reality
a. Skhya : Purua-Prakriti
b. Nyya Vaieika : Seven Padrthas
c. Advaita Vednta : Brahma - My
d. Jaina : Jiva-Ajiva
e. Crvka : Mahabhtas
7. Views regarding the nature of the Soul : Advita Vednta,
Jaina, Crvka, Buddha
8. Approaches to the Concept of God : Yoga, Nyya,
Vednta
Books : Books : Books : Books : Books :
1) M. Hiriyana : Outlines o f Indian Philosophy
2) Datta and Chatterji : An Intorduction to Indian
Philosophy.
3) C. D. Sharma : Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy
4) S. N. Dasgupta : History of Indian Philosophy (Relevent
Volumes)
5) S. Radhakrishan : Indian Philosophy (Relevant volumes)
6) .. . .'e+ ~.+. +-+u.+ ,-. '+. + - -e)
7) ~.. +. + ++ ,~+ .) ~.+. +-+u.+.-. - +..
'+:...
8) B. H. Shukla : Basic Course of Indian Logic : Nimitta
Prakashan, Pune.
S.Y.B.A. / 116
S. Y. B. A.
PHILOSOPHY (SPECIAL)
S-II
EPISTEMOLOGY & METAPHYSICS
WESTERN APPROACHES
Frist Term
1. Nature and role of Epistemology & Metaphysics in
Philosophy
2. a. Distinction between knowledge & belief
b. Common-sense & Science : two forms of knowledge
3. Different views regarding the nature and possibility of
knowledge :
*
Rationalism : Deseartes
*
Empiricism : Locke
*
Skepticism : Hume
* Transcedentalism : Kant
* Logical Positivism : Ayer
* Critical Rationalism : Popper
4. Theories of truth :
* Correspondence : as agreement with facts : Russell
* Coherence : as test of consistency : Blandshard
* Pragmatism : as test of utility : Dewey.
Second Term
5. a) Categories : Aristotle, Kant
b) Substance and qualities : Locke, Leibnitz, Spinoza
6. Different views regarding self : Plato, Aristotle, Hume,
Ryle
S.Y.B.A. / 117
7. Mind-Body relationship : Interactionism, Occasiona-
lism, Epiphenomenalism
8. Notion of Cause : Aristotle, Hume
9. Conception of the external world : Idealism, Realism,
Phenomenalism.
Books :
1. M. Velasquez & V. Barry, Philosophy : A text with
readings - (3rd Edition) Wardsworth Publishing,
Company, 1988.
2. P. Wheelwright : The way of Philosophy (Revised
Edition) Odyssey, 1960
3. E. Nagel & R. Brandt : Meaning and knowledge :
Systematic Readings in Epistemology, Harcourt Barce
& World Inc.
4. A. C. Ewing : 'Fundamental Questions of Philosophy'
5. Hosperse : Introduction to Philosophical Analysis
6. Readings in Introductory Philosophical Analysis :
Hosperse
7. Coplestone : History of Philosophy, Image Books, New
York, 1962 (Relevant sections)
8. D. J. O'conner : A Critical History of Western
Philosophy
9. A. J.Ayer, Language Truth & Logic
10. O'Hear Anthony : Karl Popper, RKP, London, 1980.
S.Y.B.A. / 118
Philosophy (General)
GII Modern Philosophical Thought
OR
Philosophy of Indian Saints or Philosophy of
Education.
SI Systems of Indian Philosophy.
SII Western Philosophy.
Section I : Marx, Russell and Sartre
( 1 ) Marx :
1.1 Nature of Materialism
1.2 Dialectical Materialism
1.3 Dialectical Method of Marx
1.4 Causes of Alienation in Capitalist Society
1.5 Nature and Effect of Alienation
1.6 Nature, Causes and results of Class-conflict
1.7 Dictatorship of the working class.
1.8 Classless and stateless society
1.9 Nature of Socialism and its principles
1.10 Socialism a way to communism
1.11 Nature and possibility of commune
( 2 ) Russell :
2.1 Role of Science in Human Knowledge
2.2 Science and Human Values
2.3 Freedom versus Authority
2.4 Education for World-Peace and Happiness
S.Y.B.A. / 119
( 3 ) Sartre :
3.1 Sartres Method
3.2 Nature of Existentialism
3.3 Concept of Being
3.4 Concept of Nothingness
3.5 Nature and Possibility of Freedom
3.6 Scope of Determinism
3.7 Human Decision and Commitment
3.8 Philosophy of Humanism
3.9 Sartres Criticism of Socialism
Section II : Gandhi, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, M. N. Roy
( 1 ) Mahatma Gandhi :
1.1 Gandhijis view of man as a spiritual being
1.2 View of Society
1.3 Relation of Man and Society
1.4 Gandhijis Criticism of modern civilization
1.5 Views as regards ends and means
1.6 Views on Satyagriha
1.7 Conception of Non-Violence
1.8 Gandhijis interpretation of Gita
1.9 Interpretation of Hindu Religion
1.10 Conception of God
1.11 Meaning of Sarvodaya
1.12 Secular Ideal in Sarvodaya
1.13 Conception of truth
( 2 ) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar :
2.1 Approach to Man and Society
2.2 Critique of Hindu Social System
2.3 Critique of Hindu Value System
2.4 Critique of Hindu Religion
2.5 Approach to Conversion to Buddhism
S.Y.B.A. / 120
( 3 ) M. N. Roy :
3.1 Roys view of man as a rational being
3.2 View of Society and mans role in it
3.3 Roys criticism of Marxian Materialism
3.4 Criticism of Socialism
3.5 Critique of communism
3.6 Principles of New Humanism
3.7 Ideas regarding renaissance
3.8 Ideas regarding revolution in human society
3.9 Insistance on science and technology
3.10 Concept of human freedom
Books for Reading
Section I :
( 1 ) McMellan, D. : The Thought of Karl Marx, Macmillan,
1971, Reprint, 1977.
( 2 ) Russell, B. : The Basic Writings of Bertrand Russell,
ed. Robert Enger.
( 3 ) Warnock, Mary : The Philosophy of Sartre, Hutchinson
University Library, 1900.
Section II :
( 4 ) Narwane, V. S. : Modern Indian Thought
( 5 ) Datta, D. M. : Current Thoughts in Contemporary
Philosophy.
( 6 ) Ambedkar, B. R. : Who are the Surdas ? Buddha and
Dhamma.
S.Y.B.A. / 121
Books for Reference
( 1 ) Marx, K. : Selected Writings, edited by McMillan,
D.OUP, 1975.
( 2 ) Russell, B. : Impact of Science on Society.
( 3 ) Cunning, R. C. (Ed.) : The Philosophy of J.P. Sartre,
Methuen, 1965.
( 4 ) M. N. Roy : New Humanism.
( 5 ) Tarkunde, V. M. : Radical Humanism (-... ~+ .
... ~. +' +).
( 6 ) Bose, N. K. : Selections from Gandhi.
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S.Y.B.A.Philosophy - General Paper II : G II
Philosophy of Indian Saints
Topic 1 :
1.1 Characteristics of a saint.
1.2 Nature and role of Bhakti Movement : Role of
saint as leaders of Cultural Renaissance.
1.3 General nature of the teachings of saints.
Topic 2 : Basavesvara
2.1 Basavesvaras views on Bhakti (the relation
between devotee and God, the path of Satsang).
S.Y.B.A. / 122
2.2 Guru, Linga and Janagama.
2.3 Approach to Pravrtti - Nivrtti.
2.4 His approach to social reforms (views on caste,
equality of men and women, criticism of
ritualism).
2.5 Doctrine of Kayka.
Topic 3 : Kabir
3.1 Impact of Vaishvism, Natha Cult and Sufism.
3.2 Nature of Ultimate Reality (Sahab, Brahma, Rama).
3.3 Nirguna Bhakti and Sahaja Yoga.
3.4 Criticism of traditional religion; Orthodoxy,
ritualism and social customs of Hindus and
Muslims.
3.5 Equality of religions, Equality of men.
Topic 4 : Guru Nanak
4.1 The concept of Supreme Being (Niramk ra,
Omk ra, Ak la).
4.2 The concepts of Hukum, Raj and Bai (Divine
Ordinance, Will and Fear).
4.3 The concept of Bhakti and Sahaj.
4.4 Guru Nanaks attitude towards Hinduism and
Islam.
4.5 Ethical and social aspects of his thought.
Topic 5 : Jnanesvara
5.1 Impact of Saivism and Vedanta.
5.2 Concept of God, Significance of Visvatmaka
Deva.
5.3 Concept of Svadharma.
5.4 Concept of Bhakti; Avyabhicari Bhakti, Par
Bhakti.
5.5 His role as the founder of Varakari Cult.
S.Y.B.A. / 123
Topic 6 : Tukaram
6.1 His conception of Vitthal.
6.2 His conception of true Dharma and Criticism of
heresies (Pakhanda).
6.3 Existentialist element in his thought.
6.4 His criticism of social inequalities.
Topic 7 : Ramadasa
7.1 Monotheism, Concepts of Brahma and Maya.
7.2 Discrimination and Synthesis of Prapanch and
Paramartha.
7.3 Socio-Political Thought (Prayatnavada, Dharma,
Maharashtradharma, Rajakara

a, Var

a and
Caste).
7.4 Views on practical wisdom (Shaha

apa

a).
Books for Reading : (Relevant Sections only)
1. G. S. Talib : Guru Nanak His personality and Vision
Guru Das Kapur and Sons (P) Ltd., Chwori-Bazar,
Delhi-6 (1969).
2. H. Thipperudraswami : Basaweshwar Maker of
Indian Literature Series, Sahitya Academy, New Delhi
(1975).
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.+..+. , ,-)
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+.'.+.
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.+..+. , ,-).
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,-).
10. V. R. BokilRamdasa.
Books for Reference
1. . . .. -- -..: .-. ~.+++- ,+ -.-.). +. ':+ :-
.+..+. .
2. Darshan Singh : The Religion of Guru Nanak, Lyall
Book Depot, Chaura Bazar, Ludhiana 1.
3. M. Chidananda Murthy : Basavanna, National Book
Trusts, New Delhi-110016.
4. |-. |-. . . -.+ -... - ++..- - -.e-+. - '-:+
.+..+.
OR
Philosophy of Education
Section I
1. (a) Concept of Education, General, Scientific, Philo-
sophical and etymological meaning of education.
(b) Relation of education and Philosophy, The
nature of the Philosophy of education.
2. (a) Process of education, Characteristics of the
process of teaching. The role of teacher in the
process of learning, Logical and Psychological
aspects of learning.
(b) Views about curriculum, Principles for
organizing curriculum.
S.Y.B.A. / 125
3. Aims of education, General aims of education,
Individual and social aims of education and their
reconciliation, Aims of education in modern times with
reference toKothari Commission.
Section II
4. Philosophical ideas in education :
(a) Idealism
(b) Naturalism
(c) Pragmatism
(d) Realism.
Brief exposition and evaluation of the views of
the Indian thinkersVivekanand, Tagore and
Gandhi.
5. Different concepts of education :
(a) Liberal educationits meaning and importance.
(b) Religious and moral educationits meaning and
importance.
(c) Vocational educationnature and need of it.
(d) Population educationpopulation problem and
need to solve it.
6. Some philosophical problems related to education :
(a) Discipline and freedom.
(b) Education and national integration.
(c) Democracy and education.
(d) Educationan instrument of social change.
(e) Ethical and philosophical foundations of the
teaching profession.
Booka Recommended
( 1 ) . e'+ +-+u.+ + . e'+ --...-- -. +.. + -- . . '+:.
.+..+. . .'++. .. ,. +. ~.+ .. -.
S.Y.B.A. / 126
( 2 ) Principles of EducationR. M. Marathe, School and
College Book Stall, Kolhapur ,~+ . '.e.-. - -+-+
-.. ).
( 3 ) '.e.- +-+u.+ +. '+. ~+. -+. . '+:. .+..+.
,.
( 4 ) The Philosophy of EducationEd. R. S. Peters, OUP.
( 5 ) Foundations of EducationV. P. Bokil, 1203, Sadashiv
Peth, Pune-30.
( 6 ) Ancient Indian EducationG. S. Altekar, Manohar,
Prakashan, K. 14/4, Jatanber, Varanashi-1.
( 7 ) Seven Indian EducationistsA. Bishwas and J. C.
Agarwal, Arya Book Depot., New Delhi.
( 8 ) Teacher and Education in the emerging Indian
SocietyNCERT, Delhi ,.. - u ~.+. --..+.-
'.e+ ~.' '.e. ~.+ - + . +.+ ~.' +.+.
..+. .+..+. ,.
( 9 ) -. +- . '.e '.e..-- - -.. .
Philosophy Special Paper I
Systems of Indian Philosophy
Section I : Carvaka, Nyaya, Sankhya
Topic 1 : Carvaka :
1.1. Pratyaksa as means of knowledge
1.2 Refutation of Anumman as means of knowledge
1.3 Refutation of Sabda as means of knowledge
1.4 Critique of Carvakas view of knowledge
1.5 Carvakas Materialism
1.6 Carvakas theory of four elements
1.7 Carvakas Realism and Pluralism
S.Y.B.A. / 127
1.8 Body as self
1.9 Death as liberation
1.10 Carvakas Hedonism
1.11 Acceptance of two Purusarthas; Kama and Artha
1.12 Rejection of Dharma
1.13 Rejection of Moksa
Topic 2 : Nyaya
2.1 Concept of valid knowledge
2.2 Criteria of validity of knowledge
2.3 Theory of Error
2.4 Four means of knowledge
2.5 Nature and kinds of perception
2.6 Nature and kinds of inference
2.7 Fallacies (Hetvabhasas)
2.8 Doctrine of two-fold causation
2.9 Doctrine of Asatkaryavada
2.10 Nyaya concept of world pluralism and realism
2.11 Nyaya concept of self
2.12 Nyaya view of liberation
2.13 Nyaya concept of God
2.14 Arguments for Gods existance
Topic 3 : Sankhya
3.1 Concept of valid knowledge
3.2 Theory of Error
3.3 Three means of knowledge
3.4 Rejection of upaman
3.5 Doctrine of Satkaryavada
3.6 Kinds of Causation
3.7 Sankhya Dualism
3.8 Nature and Characteristics of Purusha
S.Y.B.A. / 128
3.9 Nature and Characteristics of Prakriti
3.10 Relation between Purusha and Prakriti
3.11 Theory of evolution sarga
3.12 Nature of five sense organs, five action organs,
five tanmatras, five mahabhutas, ahamkara,
manas
3.13 Theory of Trigunas
3.14 Plurality of Purusas
3.15 Sankhya Concept of self
3.16 Doctrine of Kaivalya
Section II : Jainism, Buddhism, Advaita Vedanta
Topic 1 : Jainism
1.1 Jaina Doctrine of Syadavada
1.2 Jaina Doctrine of Nayas
1.3 Jaina Theory of Atomism
1.4 Nature of Pudgalas
1.5 Jaina Pluralism (Anekantavada)
1.6 Concept of Sanghata, Samvara, Nirjara
1.7 Jaina theory of Substance
1.8 Jaina theory of Jiva and Ajiva
1.9 Concept of triratnas
1.10 Three-fold path-way to Realization
1.11 Significance of Tirthankar
1.12 Doctrine of five vows
1.13 Jaina theory of Self
1.14 Jainism as Religion
S.Y.B.A. / 129
Topic 2 : Buddhism
2.1 Docatrine of four noble truths
2.2 Doctrine of Dependent Origination, Natural
Causation
2.3 Eight-fold path
2.4 Doctrine of Pancha Sheela
2.5 Doctrine of Ipermanence
2.6 Sunyavada
2.7 Vijnanvada
2.8 No-Self theory
2.9 Controversy about the nature of liberation
2.10 Buddhism as a Religion
2.11 Criticism of Buddhism by Vedanta
2.12 Later Buddhistic Schools
Topic 3 : Advaita Vedanta
3.1 Various forms of Vedanta
3.2 Nature of Valid Knowledge
3.3 Means of Knowledge
3.4 Criteria of valid knowledge
3.5 Theory of Error
3.6 Theory of non-dualism
3.7 Nature of Brahman
3.8 Nature of the World
3.9 Theory of Causation-Vivartavada
3.10 Doctrine of Maya
3.11 Concept of Adhyasa
3.12 Concept of Self
3.13 Doctrine of Liberation Jivan-Mukti
3.14 Nature of God
3.15 Distinction between Videha Mukti and Jivan
Mukti
S.Y.B.A. / 130
Books for Reading
( 1 ) M. Hiriyana : Outlines of Indian Philosophy.
( 2 ) Datta and Chatterji : An Introduction of Indian
Philosophy.
( 3 ) C. D. Sharma : Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy.
Books for Reference
( 4 ) S. Radhakrishan : Indian Philosophy, Vol. I and II.
( 5 ) S. N. Dasgupta : History of Indian Philosophy.
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Philosophy Special
Paper IIWestern Philosophy
Section I : Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas
Topic 1 : Plato
1.1 Historic background of Plato and influence of
Socrates
1.2 Platos theory of knowledge
(a) Criticism of perception as source of
knowledge
(b) Platos criteria of knowledge :
(c) Objects of knowledge
(d) Knowledge as recollection
1.3 Platos theory of forms and ideas :
(a) Nature of Platos form and their
characteristics
(b) Relation of forms to the world of sensible
particulars
(c) Heirachy of forms, dialectic
(d) Idea of the God
(e) God in Platos Philosophy
S.Y.B.A. / 131
1.4 Plato as an Idealist, Idealism versus Realism
1.5 Platos view of human soul, and his arguments
for the immortality of soul.
Topic 2 : Aristotle
2.1 Aristotles criticism of Platos theory of forms
2.2 Aristotles four-fold schemes of causation
2.3 Doctrine of potentiality and actuality
2.4 Aristotles concept of substance
2.5 Aristotles doctrine of God as unmoved mover
2.6 Aristotles conception of Universe.
Topic 3 : St. Thomas Aquinas :
3.1 Relation of theology and philosophy
3.2 Faith versus Reason-Aquinass view regarding
reconcilation of the two
3.3 Nature of God and proofs for the existence of
God Five ways in Aquinass philosophy.
3.4 Doctrine of Analogy in the Philosophy of Aquinas
3.5 Nature of human soul and mind-body relation
3.6 Revealed Theology versus Natural Theology.
Section II : Descartes, Hume, Kant
Topic 1 : Descartes
1.1 Philosophical method-Method of doubt, Rules for
direction of mind
1.2 Clear and distinct ideas
1.3 Cartesian doubt and Skeptical doubt
1.4 Mathematical method as a mode Intuition and
Deduction
1.5 Doctrine of Innate Ideas-Rationalism
1.6 Nature of Self-Cogito Ergo Sum
1.7 Substance
S.Y.B.A. / 132
1.8 Mind-body dualism
1.9 Interactionism
1.10 Nature of God
1.11 Proofs for existance of God
1.12 Kantian Criticism of Deseartes Ontological proof
for the existence of God.
Topic 2 : Hume
2.1 Epistemological presupposition
(a) Empirical theory of knowledge
(b) Impressions-Ideas and impressions
(c) Laws of associations
(d) Matters of fact and relations of ideas.
2.2 Humes rejection of traditional account of :
(a) Causality
(b) Substance
(c) Mind as substance
2.3 Humes analysis of
(a) Causation
(b) Substance
(c) Self
2.4 Evaluation of Hume as a skeptic
Topic 3 : Kant
3.1 Critical method
3.2 Criticism of rationalism and empiricism
3.3 Distinction between analytic and synthetic
3.4 Distinction between a priorio and a posteorio
3.5 Possibility of Synthetic a priorio
3.6 Analysis of human knowledge
3.7 View of space and time as forms of intuition
3.8 Categories of understanding
3.9 Phenomena and noumena
3.10 Possibility of metaphysics.
S.Y.B.A. / 133
Books for Reading
( 1 ) Thilly and Wood : A History of Western Philosophy.
( 2 ) W. T. Stace : A Critical History of Greek Philosophy.
Relevent Chapters.
Books for Reference
( 1 ) D. J. DConnor : Critical History of Western
Philosophy. Relevant Chapters.
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(17) Psychology
G. II Social Psychology
S I Developmental Psychology
OR
Educational Psychology
OR
Psychological Testing
S II Abnormal Psychology
OR
Psychology of Adjustment
S.Y.B.A. / 135
Circular No. 197/1999
Revised Syllabus
for
Psychology : Social Psychology, General Paper G-2.
(From 1999-2000)
Objectives :
1. To get acquinted with basic concepts, theories and
Methodology of Social Psychology.
2. To help the students to know the three levels of social
behaviour.
3. To guide the students to understand the causes and
consequences of social behaviour.
4. To make aware about the multiple social problems
and the ways to resolve them.
Lectures (12)
Chapter1 : Nature, Scope and Methods of Social
Psychology
2. 1.1 Social psychology : Definition, Nature and
Subject Matter of Social Psychology, Three levels
of Social behaviour.
2. 1.2 Relationship of Social Psychology with General
Psychology, Sociology and Anthropology.
5. 1.3 Methods of studying social psychology :
(A) Experimental Methods : (i) Laboratory
Experiments, (ii) Field Experiments,
(iii) Quasi Experiments.
(B) Field Methods : (i) Ex-post facto Field
Studies, (ii) Correlational studies,
(iii) Biographical Studies, (iv) Survey
Method.
S.Y.B.A. / 136
3. 1.4 Tools for collecting information : (i) Observation,
(ii) Self report inventories, (iii) Unobstrusive
Measures, (iv) Sociometry, (v) Archival research.
Lectures (10)
Chapter2 : Social Identity : Self and Gender
2. 2.1 The Self : The concept of ones identity :
(A) Self concept (B) Self esteem.
2. 2.2. Additional aspects of self functioning :
(A) Self Focusing (B) Self Monitoring.
(C) Self efficacy : Locus of control, learned
helplessness, collective efficancy.
2. 2.3 Gender : Maleness or Femaleness as a crucial
aspect of Identity.
2. 2.4 Self presentation : (A) False Modesty, (B) Self
handicapping, (C) Impression Management.
Lectures (10)
Chapter3 : Social Cognition
3. 3.1 Schemas and Prototypes : Mental framework for
holding and using-social information.
2. 3.2 Heuristics : Mental shortcuts in social cognition.
3. 3.3 Potential sources of error in social cognition :
Why total rationality is scarcer than you think,
2. 3.4 Affect and cognition.
Lectures (12)
Chapter4 : Attitudes, Prejudice and Stereotypes
3. 4.1 Attitudes : Definition, Nature and Dimentions.
3. 4.2 Attitude formation and Measurement.
4. 4.3 Theories of attitude change : Balance Theory,
Congruity theory and Cognitive dissonance theory.
2. 4.4 Prejudice and stereotypes.
S.Y.B.A. / 137
Lectures (12)
Chapter5 : Communication
2. 5.1 Communication : Interpersonal communication,
Communication process.
6. 5.2 Non-Verbal Communication :
(a) Performance Codes : Voice, face, hands and
body.
(b) Artificial Codes : Clothing, furnishing and
architecture.
(c) Mediatory Codes : use of Media, graphs,
audio tapes.
(d) Spacio - Temporal Codes : use of tine and
space.
(e) Syncronization of verbal and non-verbal
cues.
4. 5.3 Communication skills :
(a) Healthy and Ungealthy communication.
(b) Presentation, Interview and Discussion skills.
Lectures (12)
Chapter6 : Close Relationships
2. 6.1 Friendship : Establishing relationship within and
beyond family. Lonelyness : Life without a close
relationship.
3. 6.2 Love : Meaning of love, varieties of Love,
Theories of love.
3. 6.3 Maintaining close relationships, Attachment,
Marital attachment and happiness, relationship
rewards, Equity and self disclosure.
2. 6.4 Ending relationships : (i) Divorces, (ii) Detachment
process.
S.Y.B.A. / 138
2. 6.5 Altruism : Helping others :
Why do we help ?
When will we help ?
Whom do we help ?
How can we increase helping behaviour.
Lectures (12)
Chapter7 : Social Influence
2. 7.1 Social Influence : Definition and nature.
3 7.2 Conformity :
(a) Factors affecting conformity : (i) Cohesi-
veness, (ii) Group size and (iii) Social
support.
(b) The bases of conformity : Minority and
Majority influence
4. 7.3 Cimpliance :
(a) Basic Principles : (i) Friendship/Liking,
(ii) Commitment, (iii) Scarcity,
(iv) Reciprocity, (v) Social validation,
(vi) Authority.
(b) Two steps to compliance :
(i) The Foot-In the Door Technique,
(ii) Door In the face.
3. 7.4 Obedience :
(a) Social influence by demand.
(b) Obedience to Authority.
(c) Personality and obedience : who resists and
who obeys.
Lectures (12)
Chapter8 : Group Processes and Leadership
2. 8.1 Groups : Nature and functions
(a) Nature-Group functions.
(b) Functions - Roles, status, norms and
cohesiveness.
S.Y.B.A. / 139
4. 8.2 (a) Groups and task performance. The benefits
and costs of working with others.
(b) Decision Making by groups.
(i) The decision Making process.
(ii) Nature of group decisions.
(iii) Potential dangers of group decision
making.
4. 8.3 (a) Leadership : Nature and definition of leader
and Leadership.
(b) Types and functions of leaders :
(i) Functions, (ii) Types of leaders,
(iii) Characterstics of the leader.
2. 8.4 Gender differences in Leadership.
Lectures (10)
Chapter9 : Aggression : Nature, Causes and
Control
3. 9.1 Nature and theoretical perspectives on aggression.
(a) Instinct theory, (b) Biological Theory,
(c) Drive theory, (d) Social learning theory,
(e) Cognitive theory.
1. 9.2 Child abuse and work place voilence.
3. 9.3 Influences on aggression :
(a) Aversive incidents (b) Arousal, (c) The
Media, (d) Pornography and Sexual voilence,
(e) Television.
3. 9.4 Reducing aggression : (a) Punishment,
(b) Catharsis, (c) Cognitive interventions, (d) Other
techniques-Exposure to non-aggressive models,
training in Social skills, Incompatible responses.
S.Y.B.A. / 140
Lectures (10)
Chapter10 : Social Psychology in action : Other
Applications
2. 10.1 Health Psychology : Stress and illness, coping
with stress, Responding to health problems.
2. 10.2 Environmental Psychology :
(a) Environmental Factors affecting human
behaviour.
(b) Human behaviour affecting the environment.
2. 10.3 Law and justice
(a) Social psychological factors in courtroom
(i) The defendent, (ii) The judge.
(b) The eye witness in social psychological
context.
1. 10.4 Social aspects related to corruption.
3. 10.5 Media and Social problems : Crime, delinquency,
Dowery, Violence, Child abuse, Sexual
harrashment.
List of Books Test Books
1. Barron, Robert A. and Byrne, Donn : Social
Psychology Prentice Hall of India Private Ltd., New
Delhi, Ed-8th, 1998.
2. Myers David G. : Social PsychologyThe McGraw
Hill Companies Inc., Ed-5th, 1996.
Reference BooksBooks for Reading
1. Lindgren, Henry Clay : An Introduction to Social
Psychology Wiely Estern Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Mistra, grishwar : Applied Social Psychology in
India : Sage Publication, New Delhi-1990.
3. +. ':+ :- '-+ .- -.-.'+ -.+-..--.
S.Y.B.A. / 141
S.Y.B.A. Psychology : Developmental Psychology,
Special Paper S : 1.
Objectives :
To acquaint the students with :
1. Developmental processes in human beings.
2. Basic concepts of developmental process.
3. Various hazards occuring during the various
developmental stages.
4. Various adjustment skills during the life span.
No. of Lectures (10)
Chapter1 : Growth and Development
2. 1.1 Meaning of developmental changes.
3. 1.2 Significant facts about development.
3. 1.3 Life span; Conditions influencing longevity.
2. 1.4 Happiness and happiness during life span.
Lectures (10)
Chapter2 : The Prenatal Period
2. 2.1 Characteristics of prenatal period. How life
begins ?
3. 2.2 Importance of conception, Period of prenatal
development.
3. 2.3 Attitudes of significant people.
2. 2.4 Hazards during prenatal period.
Lectures (12)
Chapter3 : Infancy
3. 3.1 Characteristics of Infancy; Major adjustments of
infancy.
3.2 Factors influencing adjustment to postnatal period.
3.3 Characteristics of Infant.
3.4 Hazards in Infancy.
S.Y.B.A. / 142
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter4 : Babyhood
3. 4.1 Characteristics of babyhood, physical
development and functions, Muscle control,
speech development.
3. 4.2 Emotional behaviour in babyhood, Beginning of
interest in paly.
4. 4.3 Development of understanding family
relationship, personality in babyhood.
2. 4.4 Hazards in babyhood.
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter5 : Childhood
3. 5.1 Characteristics and developmental tasks of early
childhood, Physical development; Physiological
habi.
3. 5.2 Development of understanding, Moral
development personality development, Common
interests.
3. 5.3 Late childhood : Characteristics, Emotional and
social development; Play interests and activities.
3. 5.4 Hazards in early and late childhood.
No. of Lectures (10)
Chapter6 : Puberty
3. 6.1 Characteristics of puberty, Criteria of Puberty.
Causes and age of puberty.
2. 6.2 The Puberty growth spurt.
3. 6.3 Body changes in puberty, source and concerns
in puberty.
2. 6.4 Hazards in puberty.
S.Y.B.A. / 143
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter7 : Adolesence
3. 7.1 Characteristics of Adolesence; Developmental
tasks of Adolesence; Physical changes in
Adolesence.
3. 7.2 Social changes during Adolesence, Adolesent
interests.
4. 7.3 Changes in Morality, Sex interests and behaviour,
family relationship during adolesence.
2. 7.4 Hazaards in Adolesence.
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapters8 : Early Adulthood
3. 8.1 Personality and social development,
characteristics of early Adulthood, Developmental
tasks of early Adulthood.
4. 8.2 Changes in interests : Recreation in early
adulthood, social interests, Objectives, Mobility;
sex role adjustment, personal and social hazards
in early adulthood.
3. 8.3 Vocational and family adjustment, marital
adjustment, Adjustment to parenthood,
Assessment of marital adjustment.
2. 8.4 Hazards of vocational and Marital adjustment,
success of adjustment to adulthood.
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter9 : Middle Age
3. 9.1 Personal and social adjustment, Characteristics
of Middle age, Adjustment to physical, Mental
and interest changes.
2. 9.2 Social adjustment, Personal and social hazards in
Middle age.
S.Y.B.A. / 144
4. 9.3 Family adjustment : Adjustment to changes and
family pattern; Adjustment to being single,
Adjustment to loss of spouse, Adjustment to
approaching old age.
3. 9.4 Vocational adjustment; vocational and marital
hazards in Middle age.
No. of Lectures (10)
Chapter10 : Old Age
3. 10.1 Characteristics of old age, Adjustment to physical,
Motor and mental changes.
3. 10.2 Change in iterests, hazards in personal and social
adjustment.
3. 10.3 Adjustment to retirement, changes in Family life
in old age.
1. 10.4 Role of Homes for Old Age.
Books for reading
1. Hurlock, Elizabeth : Developmental Psychology.
2. Borude, R. R., Desai, B. H. Kumthekar, Medha and
Golwikar, Sheela : + +.'-+ -.+-..--. '+:..
+ .+..+. .
3. Janai, S. G. : + +.'-+ -.+-..-- Phadake book
Suppliers, Kolhapur.
Reference Books
1. Chaube, S. P. and Agarwal, L. N. : Developmental
Psychology.
2. Gorden, Human Development.
3. Liehart, Poules : Developmental Psychology, Prentice
Hall Publication of India.
4. P. Kano ; Human Developmental Psychology, McGraw
Hill.
S.Y.B.A. / 145
5. Papalia, Diame, Salley Wendkosolds, Tata McGraw
Hill, New Delhi.
6. Hurlock, Elizabeth, Child Growth and Development
(TMH).
7. Kale, Premala : +.--.+-..--.
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S.Y.B.A. / 146
Psychology Special I
S1 (Optional)
Course : Educational Psychology :
To develop understanding and appreciation of
Objectives (1) The Psychological basis of education.
(2) The behavioural and educational problems
of students.
No. of Lectures (12)
(1) Educational Psychology-Nature and Scope
2. 1.1 Definition : Meaning of educational Psychology.
3. 1.2 Nature of educational Psychology.
2. 1.3 Scope and contents of educational Psychology.
1. 1.4 Aims and utility of educational Psychology.
4. 1.5 Methods of educational Psychology; case study
method, observation method, methods for
correlating variables-correlation and experimen-
tation, survey method.
No. of Lectures (14)
(2) Growth and development of the learner
2. 2.1 Meaning and principles of growth and
development, difference between growth and
development. Importance of studying growth and
development.
2. 2.2 Stages of development.
2. 2.3 Influence of heredity and environment, maturation
and learning.
5. 2.4 Physical growth, emotional development
cognitive development, Social and Moral
developments, adolescence development,
development of self-concept.
3. 2.5 Educational significance of all types of
development and duty and responsibility of the
school and teachers.
S.Y.B.A. / 147
No. of Lectures (9)
(3) Individual differences
1. 3.1 Meaning and nature.
3. 3.2 Causes of individual differences in intelligence
and educational provisions-general and special.
3. 3.3 Provisions for socially disadvantaged, measure-
ment of individual differences in intelligence
attitudes, interests and creativity.
2. 3.4 Educational implications of measurement of
individual differences.
No. of Lectures (10)
(4) Motivation of the learner
2. 4.1 The nature and importance of motivation.
3. 4.2 Concepts related to motivation interest, need,
values, attitudes, aspiration, incentive,
reinforcement, goals, perseverance.
1. 4.3 Motivation and achievement.
2. 4.4 Motivational techniques in teaching.
2. 4.5 Social influences on motivation-Social climate
of the schools and classrooms and social power
of the individuals.
No. of Lectures (11)
(5) Teaching learning process
3. 5.1 Meaning and nature of learning, learning as
modification of behaviour, learning conditions.
2. 5.2 Skill learning, concept learning and problem
solving.
3. 5.3 Learning and modification of attitudes and values,
learning as information processing.
3. 5.4 Remembering and forgetting improvement of for-
getting and developing good study habits.
S.Y.B.A. / 148
No. of Lectures (8)
(6) Transfer and improvement of learning
2. 6.1 Concept of transfer.
2. 6.2 Traditional and contemporary views of transfer.
2. 6.3 Teaching of transfer substantive and procedural.
2. 6.4 Conditions for attaining maximum transfer.
No. of Lectures (13)
(7) Teacher effectiveness/classroom teaching
3. 7.1 Teacher effectiveness; determinants characteri-
stics of effective teachers.
3. 7.2 The teacher as a leader and facilitator of learning,
head teacher and effectiveness of the school.
2. 7.3 Classroom teaching : Planning and management.
3. 7.4 Concept of mental health and mental hygiene,
factors affecting adjustment at home and school.
2. 7.5 Teachers role in adjustment of the students.
No. of Lectures (12)
(8) Modern methods of teaching
2. 8.1 Instructional strategies : Teacher centred and pupil
centred approach.
3. 8.2 Lecturing and explaining.
2. 8.3 Teaching small groups.
5. 8.4 Individual instruction : Objectives, mastery
learning, programmed instruction, Computer
assisted instruction.
No. of Lectures (9)
(9) Student evaluation
2. 9.1 Purpose of student evaluation.
4. 9.2 Evaluation strategies.
3. 9.3 Achievement tests.
2. 9.4 Grading and evaluating.
S.Y.B.A. / 149
No. of Lectures (14)
(10) Educational technology and role of media
4. 10.1 Teaching aids : General advantages, broad
classification, hardware and software in teaching
aids, multimedia and instructional development.
2. 10.2 Systems approach.
3. 10.3 Reprographic equipment, chalkboard, non-
projected and projected aids.
1. 10.4 Direct experiences.
4. 10.5 Aural aids educational broadcasts, radio, T.V.
satelite communication etc.
Books for Reading
1. Educational PsychologyGage and Berliner (1984),
Houghton Mifflin Company Boston (Third Ed.).
2. Educational PsychologyDash Murlidhar (1988),
Deep and Deep Publications.
Books for Reference
1. Educational PsychologySlavin R. E. (1991, etd Ed.).
Allyn and Bacon.
2. Introduction to Educational TechnologySampath, K.
Paneerselvam, A. and Santhanam, S. (1994) Sterling
Publishers Private Ltd.
3. Educational PsychologyKakkar S. B. (1993),
Prentice Hall of India.
4. Educational PsychologyBhatt, B. D. and Sharma, S.
R. (1993) Kanishka Publishing House.
5. Media and EducationSharma, B. M. (1994)
Commonwealth Publishers.
S.Y.B.A. / 150
Circular No. 197/1999
Psychological Testing, Spl. Paper S : 1
Objectives :
To acquaint the Students with
1. Basic Concepts in Psychological Testing-Construction.
Interpretation and Reporting.
2. The application of Various Psycholigical Tests in
Divers fields.
3. Various types of Psychological Tests.
No. of Lectures (10)
Chapter1 : Principles of Psychological Tests.
2. 1.1 Definition of Psychological Test.
2. 1.2 Brief history of the origin of Psychological Tests.
4. 1.3 Types of Psychological Tests.
2. 1.4 Uses of Psychological Tests.
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter2 : Basic concepts in Measurement and
Statistics.
2. 2.1 Concept of Psychological Measurement.
4. 2.2 Evaluating Psychological Tests :
(I) Standardization, (II) Reliability, (III) Validity,
(IV) Norms.
2. 2.3 Test administration : Basic Rules and Methods.
4. 2.4 Statistical Concepts : Central Tendecy, Variability,
Correlation, Prediction, Percentik Ranks.
No. of Lectures (10)
Chapter3 : Norms and Interpretation of Test Scores.
2. 3.1 Developmental norms.
3. 3.2 Within Group norms.
3. 3.3 Relativity of norms.
2. 3.4 Use of Computer in the interpretation of Test
scores.
S.Y.B.A. / 151
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter4 : Reliability
2. 4.1 General Model of reliability and the concept of
true score.
4. 4.2 Simple Methods of estimating reliability :
(I) Test-Retest Method. (II) Alternate / Parallel
forms. (III) Administrator and scorer reliability,
(IV) Internal Consistency methods : (a) Split-
Half, (b) Kuder-Richardson, (c) Cronbach Alpha.
4. 4.3 Reliability estimates and Measurement error.
2. 4.4 The Generalizability of test scores.
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter5 : Validity
5. 5.1 Types of Validity
(I) Content velated validity.
(II) Criterian related validity :
(a) Concurrent, (b) Predictive.
(III) Construct related validity.
4. 5.2 Assessment of validity.
2. 5.3 Inaterpreting validity coefficients.
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter6 : Ability Testing
4. 6.1 Individual Intelligence Tests
(I) Standford-Prief Intelligence Test.
(II) The Weschler Scales for Children and
Adults.
4. 6.2 Group Intelligence Tests
(I) Ravans Progressive Matrices.
(II) Cattels Culture fare Test.
S.Y.B.A. / 152
2. 6.3 Aptitude Tests : (I) DAT (General Aptitude Test
Battery), (II) Specific Aptitude Tests.
2. 6.4 Advantages and disadvantages of group Tests.
No. of Lectures (10)
Chapter7 : Educational Testing
2. 7.1 Types of educational evaluation.
3. 7.2 Standardized tests in educational Assessment :
(I) Achievement Tests.
(II) Diagnostic Tests.
3. 7.3 Tests of Minimum competency and basic skills.
2. 7.4 Teacher made tests in educational Assessment.
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter8 : Personality and other related tests
4. 8.1 Objective Personality Tests
(I) Omnibus Personality Tests-EPQR, NEO-
PIR.
(II) Specific trait personality Tests.
(III) Problems in Personality Measurement by
Paper Pencil Tests.
4. 8.2 Projective Tests of Personality
(I) Rorschah INk-Block Test.
(II) TAT.
(III) Sentence completion Test (Mukharji).
4. 8.3 Other Personality related Tests
(I) Interest : Strong Interest Vocational Blank.
(II) Values : Allport-Vernon-Lindzey Test.
(III) Attitude Tests.
(IV) Motivation-Edward Personality preference
schedule.
S.Y.B.A. / 153
No. of Lectures (12)
Chapter9 : Industrial and Occupational Testing
2. 9.1 Personal and Managerial Tests.
3. 9.2 Uses of Psychological Tests in Personnel and
Managerial Selection.
3. 9.3 General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB).
4. 9.4 Testing in Profession
(I) General Issues, (II) Adaptive (Tailor Made),
(III) Banking Personal Selection in India through
tests.
No. of Lectures (10)
Chapter10 : Clinical Tests
2. 10.1 Diagnostic uses of Psychological Tests.
2. 10.2 Minnesota Multiphasic Persmality Inventory
(MMPI).
2. 10.3 Neuropsychological Tests.
2. 10.4 Identifying specific learning disatrity.
2. 10.5 Behavioural Assessment.
Books for Reading
1. Murphy, Kevin R. and David Shofer, Charles O:
Psychological TestingPrincipals and Applications
(1988) Prentice Hall International Inc.
2. Anastasi, Anne : Psychological Testing 7th Edn.,
Macmillan Company, New York.
3. KaplanPsychological Testing.
Reference Books
1. Freeman Frank, S : Theories and Practice of
Psychological Tests (3rd Edn.), Oxford and IBH
Publishing Company, New Delhi.
2. Cronbach Lee J. Essentional of Psychological Testing
: 4th Edn. Harper and Row Publishers, New York.
3. Dandekar W. N. Psychological Testing and
Assessment.
S.Y.B.A. / 154
Psychology (Special Level) Paper II
Psychology : Abnormal Psychology,
Special Paper S : 2.
Objectives :
1. To acquaint the students with the concept of
Maladjusted behaviour and the current classification
of abnormality with special reference to ICD10 and
DSMIV.
2. To help the students to acquire knowledge about the
symtoms of the various types of psychological
discorders.
3. To expose the students about the various psychological
methods of prevention and treatment of psychological
discorders.
Lectures (10) Chapter1 : Understanding Abnormality
(2) 1.1 Defining Abnormal behaviour.
(2) 1.2 Brief Historical views of Abnormal Behaviour.
(2) 1.3 Historical Review of DSMI, II and III.
(2) 1.4 Clinical Assessment.
(2) 1.5 Assessment and classification systems of
Abnormal Behaviour, with special reference to
DSMIV AND ICD10.
Lectures (12) Chapter2 : Theoretical Perspectives
of Abnormal Behaviour
(2) 2.1 Biological perspective.
(2) 2.2 Psychodynamic perspective.
S.Y.B.A. / 155
(3) 2.3 Behavioural and Cognitive Perspective.
(2) 2.4 HumanisticExistential Perspective.
(3) 2.5 Synthesis Stress Model, Biopsychosocial Model.
Lectures (1) Chapter3 : Anxiety Disorders.
(2) 3.1 Generalized Anxiety disorder and Panic disorders.
(2) 3.2 Phobias.
(2) 3.3 ObsessiveCompulsive Disorders.
(2) 3.4 Perspectives of Anxiety Disorders.
(2) 3.5 Statement of Anxiety Disorders.
Lectures (12) Chapter4 : Dissociative, Somatoform
and Psychophysiological Disorders
(2) 4.1 Dissociative Disorders.
(2) 4.2 Somatoform Disorders.
(2) 4.3 Fictitious disorders and malingering.
(2) 4.4 Stress : Nature, sources Manifestations and coping
skills.
(3) 4.5 Psychophysiological disorders : Headaches,
cardiovascular disorders, Asthma, Cancer.
(1) 4.6 Behavioural Medicine and health psychology.
Lectures (12) Chapter5 : Personality Disorders
(2) 5.1 Classifying Personality Disorders.
(3) 5.2 Odd or Eccentric Behaviour, Paranoid, Schizoid
and Schizotypal Personality Disorders.
(3) 5.3 Dramatic, Emotional or Erratic Behaviours :
Histrionic, Narcisistic, Borderline and Antisocial
personality Disorders.
(3) 5.4 Anxious or Fearful Behaviours : Avoidant,
Dependent, Obsessive Compulsive and
PassiveAgressive Personality Disorders.
(1) 5.5 Treatment of Personality Disorders.
S.Y.B.A. / 156
Lectures (12) Chapter6 : Schizophrenia
(2) 6.1 Phases and Symptoms of Schizophrenia.
(3) 6.2 Types of Schizophrenia : Catatonic, Disorganized,
Paranoid, undifferentiated and Residual.
(2) 6.3 Perspectives of Schizophrenia.
(3) 6.4 Treatment of Schizophrenia : family Therapy and
Behaviour Therapy.
(2) 6.5 Paranoid Disorders (Delusional Disorders).
Lectures (12) Chapter7 : Mood Disorders
(2) 7.1 General Characteristics of Mood Disorders.
(3) 7.2 Depressive Disorders : Major Dipressive disorders
and Dysthymic disorders.
(2) 7.3 Suicide and parasuicide.
(2) 7.4 Bipolar Disorders and cyclothymic Disorders.
(3) 7.5 Psychodynamic, Behavioural and Cognitive
perspectives and Therapies.
Lectures (10) Chapter8 : Addictive Disorders
(3) 8.1 Alcohol : Abuse and Dependence, Alcohol &
Health.
(2) 8.2 Perspectives of Alcohol Abuse.
(2) 8.3 Treatment and Prevention.
(3) 8.4 Drug Abuse and Dependence : General
Treatment.
Lectures (10) Chapter9 : Sexual Disorders
(3) 9.1 Abnormal Sexual Behaviour.
(2) Paraphylias.
(3) 9.3 Gender Identity Disorders.
(2) 9.4 Sexual Dysfunctions.
Lectures (12) Chapter10 : Disorder of Childhood,
Adolesence and Old Age
(3) 10.1 Mental Retardation (MR)Nature, Clinical types
and causes.
(3) 10.2 Levels of Mental Retardation : Mild, Moderate,
Severe and Profound.
(2) 10.3 Conduct Disorders, Emotional Disorders and
Attention Deficite Hyper Activity Disorders.
(2) 10.4 Therapies for childhood Disorders : Play therapy,
Cognitive therapy, Behavioural and family
therapy.
(2) 10.5 Dementias : Nature and Types.
Important Note :
1. While teaching this course the teacher should acquaint
the students with older terminologies (DSMII).
2. Atleast one compulsory Field Visit in a academic year
to any of the following institutes followed by its report.
A short question may be set on Field Visit report for
the Annual Examination.
1. Mental Hospitals (Pvt. and Govt.) in Maharashtra.
2. Schools of Mentally Retarded.
3. Deadiction centres.
4. Vipasyana KendraIgatpuri.
5. Yoga InstituteKaivalyadham (Lonawala).
6. Balvikas Kendras etc.
S.Y.B.A. / 158
Books for Reading
1. Sarason, Irwin G. and Sarason, Barbara R.: Abnormal
PsychologyThe Problem of Maladaptive Behaviour,
Edn.7th (1993) Prentice Hall International Ltd.
2. Halgin, Richard P. and Whitebourne, Susan K.:
Abnormal Psychology : The Human Experience of
Psycholigical disorders. (1997) Broun and Benehmark
Publishers.
Reference Books
1. Bootzin, Richard R; Acocella, Joan Ross; Alloy, Lauren
B.: Abnormal Psychology : Current Perpectives (1993)
McGraw Hill Inc.
2. Kendell, R. E. and Zealley, A. K. (Editor): Companion
to Psychiatric Studies, Edn. 5th (1995) Churchill
Livingstone.
3. Carson, Robert C. and Butecher, James N.: Abnormal
Psychology and Modern Life9th Edn., Harper
Collins.
4. The ICD10Classification of Mental and Behaviour
Disorders, Published by WHO (1992).
5. Colman, James C.:Abnormal Psychology and Modern
life, 5th Edn., Taraporwala.
6. DSMIVMannual, Abridged.
S.Y.B.A. / 159
OR
Psychology Special Level : Paper II
Psychology of Adjustment (S-II)
Specification of the syllabus into units and approx.
number of lectures required per unit with loading of marks.
Topic and Unit :
Topic I : Ways of Viewing Man :
1.1 The problem of mans basic nature, good or evil,
rational or irrational, free or determined.
1.2 Psychological Models of Man : Some salient
characteristics of Psychology as a science, Psycho-
analytic man; Behaviouristic man; Humanistic and
Existential man.
1.3 Man as living system : General properties of living
system; Special characteristics of the human system
changes in the system with time.
Topic II : Healthy Development :
2.1 Variations in development : Nature of developmental
variations; problem of defining healthy development.
2.2 Early conditions fostering healthy development :
Infant and child care; love and acceptance; stimulating
and responsive environment; structure and guidance;
success and recognition; Early detection and
correction of defects.
Topic III : Motivation : Human Needs and Goals :
3.1 Ways of viewing motivation : What motivation helps
to explain directionality and activation of behaviour,
similarities and differences in basic human strivings;
motivational models-primary and secondary motives,
motivation as tension reduction, push and pull modes,
electic view.
S.Y.B.A. / 160
3.2 Strivings toward maintenance and actualization;
Biological maintenance-visceral needs to include
hunger, Thirst, sleep, warmth and cold, safety,
stimulations and activity, sex, psychological
maintenance-curiosity, order and meaning, adequacy-
competence-security, love and affiliation, belonging
and approval, self esteem and worth values-goals plans-
hope, Forms of actualizations striving-findings
increased satisfactions, enhancing self worth
developing and using potentials, building rich linkages
with the world, becoming a person.
3.3 Motive Patterns and Behaviour : Social forces in
motivation-goals and means, social inhibition and
facilitation of motives, needs of other; Hierarchy of
motives relative strength under deprivation, deficiency
versus growth motivation; Motives and other
psychological processes to include motivational
selectivity and levels of awareness, changes in motives
pattern-short and long term.
Topic IV : Problems of Adjustment (Stress)
4.1 Types and sources of Stress : Frustration-sources of
frustration, common frustrations in our culture
(differences between Western and Indian culture should
be pointed out) to include delays, lack of resources,
losses, failure, meaninglessness; Conflict-Types of
conflict e.g. approach avoidant, double approach-
avoidant, common conflicts in our society (consider
Indian situations also) to include self-direction versus
outer-directions, commitment vs. non-involvement,
S.Y.B.A. / 161
avoiding vs. facing reality, integrity vs. self-advantage,
sexual desires vs. restraints; Pressure-sources of
pressure, common pressures in our society (keep in
view the Indian situation) to include presure for
competitive achievement, sustained concentration of
effort, complity and rapid change, pressures from
family and other relatives.
4.2 Severity of Stress : Characteristics of adjustive demands
Importance, duration and multiplicity of demands
strength of conflicting forces, unfamiliarity and
suddenness of the problem, presence of a threat;
Characteristic of the individuals-degree of competence,
perception of the problem stress tolerance; External
resources and supports.
4.3 Other key aspects of stress : Stress patterns are unique
and changing, is stress patterns may be unconscious
adaptation to stress is expensive.
Topic V : Reactions to Adjustive Demands :
5.1 Intorduction to adjustive behaviour : some general
principles of adjustive behaviour-Reactions to stress are
holistic, economical, automotive or planned, emotion
arousing with levels of adjustive action. Reactions are
shaped by inner and outer determinants-Inner including
frame of reference, motive patterns, competencies, stress
tolerance and monentary conditions, outer determinants
include environmental resources, social supports, social
expectations, demand and constraints, Life situation of
the individual, usual events.
S.Y.B.A. / 162
5.2 Processing adjustive demands : Appraising the stress
situation; Deciding a course of action-formulation
alternative courses of action, balancing probability,
desirability and cost, sources of error in calculations;
Taking action and using feedback.
5.3 Types of psychological adjustive reactions : Task-
oriented reactions - attack, withdrwal, compromise.
Defence oriented reaction- Wired-in reperative
mechanisms to include crying, talking it out, laughing
it off, thinking it through, leaning on others, ego-defence
mechanisms to include denial, repression, regression,
escaprism, phantasy, rationalization, projection,
reaction formation, identification, introjection,
emotional insulation, intellectualization, compensation,
displacement, undoing, acting out, drug addiction,
Decompensation under excessive stress-Alarm and
molization, resistance, disorganization and exhaustion.
Topic VI : Individual in the Groups :
6.1 Group individual interaction-Individual as a leader :
function of the leader, qualities of the leader, types or
styles of leadership, influence of leaders. Effects of
group membership on the individual : satisfactions-
frustrations-personal growth, in-group and out-group
attitudes, social facilitation, distortion of perception
and judgment, problem of conformity pressures-
techniques for including conformity, confirmity-
independence and personal integrity, societys need
for deviation.
S.Y.B.A. / 163
6.2 Interpersonal relationship : Interpersonal goals :
Interpersonal perceptions and attraction, Interpersonal
accommodation-its factors.
Topic VII :
7.1 Premarital and Marital Adjustment changing premarital
patterns : (Situating prevailing in India be emphasized)
sex roles and relationships before marriage-convergence
of sex roles, premissive sex-attitude, problems in
premarital adjustment; Expectations of marriage;
Reasons for marriage, why some people never marry,
changing standards for assessing marital success.
Selecting a mate : Quest for romance - love, key factors
in mate selection-propinqity homogamy,
complementary needs, bargaining power, predicting
marital success.
7.2 Marital relationships and adjustment : Marital styles
and interactions. Advent of children-reasons for having
children, shift in adult roles children and marital
stability factors in good marital adjustment; premarital
background factors- family background, social class-
religion, race, age at the time of marriage, personality
factors, sexual adjustment; Roles and mutual
accommodation-marital roles, communication, coping
patterns, environmental resources-limitations and
demands.
7.3 Marital unhappiness and discord (Divorce) : Causes of
divorce, Effects of divorce, problem of remarriage-
their reason and success.
S.Y.B.A. / 164
Topic VIII : Personal Growth through Planned Group
Experience :
8.1 Intensive group experience : Sensitivity training-groups
format and goals, group process; Encounter groups-
format and goals, group process, events in encounter
groups, marathon encounter group; Effects of intensive
group experience-outcomes, issues and potential.
8.2 Psychological Counselling : Psychological assessment-
types of assessment information, methods of
assessment, evaluation and integration of assessment
data; Counselling process-directive councelling, non-
directive councelling, stages in councelling.
8.3 Psycho-Therapy : Personnel in psychotherapy; setting
goals; major systematic approaches to psychotheraphy-
psychoanalytic theraphy, client-centered therarpy,
existential psychotherapy, congnitive change therapy,
behaviour therapy; Group Psychotherapy - its format,
process and effectiveness.
Topic IX : Towards Personal Effectiveness and Growth :
9.1 Intellectual competence : Learning-the learner with his
past experience and resources, his motivation, frame of
reference and personal maturity and adjustment. The task-
its type, size-complexity-familiarity clarity and
environment, procedure, Feedback, solving problems and
Making decisions-common difficulties in defining and
evaluating problems, oversimplification in thinking, some
aids in problems solving; some aids in decision making
minimizing the effects of faulty decisions; Creative
thinking-its process, characteristics of creative people,
facilitating creativity.
S.Y.B.A. / 165
9.2 Emotional Competence : Components of emotional
competence-Patterns of emotional experience,
expression and control; understanding and functioning
with emotion; fostering constructive emotions; Dealing
with problem emotions-Fear, anxiety and worry, anger
and hostility, guilt-depression and grief love.
Topic X : Social Competence and Value Orientation :
10.1 Foundations of good interpersonal relationships :
recognition of mutual purposes, rights and responsibi-
lities; realistic view of self and other adequates structure
and communication; factors in satisfactory interpersonal
accommodation.
10.2 Improving social competence : Helping to meet the
needs of others; maintaining ones own integrity, being
sensitive to the requirements of the situation, learning
to communicate more effectively.
10.3 Quest for values : Assumptions about values-value
orientations, sources of values, criteria of a sound value
system.
10.4 Value and becoming : Continuing personal growth-
trusting our own process of valuing, becoming an
authentic person, building a favourable life world.
10.5 Values and future of man : Inventing a good future
for man, tentative value orientation.
Text Books
( 1 ) Psychology and effective behaviourColeman
(Taraporewala)
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~.+ . ).
Reference Books
( 1 ) Patterns of AdjustmentLazarus, Mc Graw Hill
( 2 ) Personality DevelopmentSmith, Mc Graw Hill
( 3 ) Psychology of AdjustmentSwarcy, Telbord Allyn,
Bacan
( 4 ) Changing Human BehaviourSchwitzegebel, McGraw
Hill.
S.Y.B.A. / 167
(18) Education
Paper II Content Analysis :
Unit No. 1 : Different Concepts of Education
1.1 Liberal Education
1.2 Vocational Education
1.3 Moral Education
1.4 Religious Education
1.5 Population Education
Objectives and Specification.
( I ) (a) Pupil-teacher tels the meaning of different
concept of Education
(b) Tells the need of Liberal Education.
(c) Tells the need of Vocational Education.
(d) Tells the need of Moral Education.
(e) Tells the need of Religious Education.
(f) Tells the need of Population Education
(g) Tells significance of.
( II) Application :
(a) Pupil-teacher differentiate between liberal and
vocational education.
(b) Pupil-teacher differentiate between Moral and
Religious education.
(c) Pupil suggests the means and ways inculcating
moral and religious values among the students.
Content Analysis :
1.1 Liberal Education :
Meaning of liberal education, Development of the
concept, Present concept of liberal education, Impor-
tance of liberal education.
S.Y.B.A. / 168
1.2 Vocational Education :
Meaning of Vocational education, Vocational
Education to meet the individual and social needs.
1.3 Moral Education :
Meaning of Moral education, Importance of Moral
education.
1.4 Religious Education :
Meaning of Religious Education-Importance of
religious education.
1.5 Population Education :
Modern population-Problem, Concept of Population
Education in relation to national resources.
Reference Material
(a) Principles and Practice of EducationLall and
Chaudhari, Kapur and Sons, Delhi.
(b) Principles and Methods of TeachingJ. S. Walia.
(c) Development of Educational Theory and Practice
Safaya and Saida.
(d) Principles and Methods of TeachingBhatia and
Bhatia, Doba House, Delhi.
(e) Principles of Education-R. M. Marathe, School and
College Book Stall, Kolhapur.
Unit No. 2 :
Name of the Unit : Contribution of Indian Education
thinkers with reference to their educational thought, aims of
education curriculum and process of teaching.
2.1 M. Gandhi and Ravindranath Tagore.
2.2 Educational thoughts of Swami Dayanand Saraswati,
Swami Vivekanand and Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan.
S.Y.B.A. / 169
Objectives and Specification :
1. Knowledge :
(a) Pupil tells philosophical outlook of the Indian
educationalists.
(b) Pupil explains educational thoughts of.
(c) Pupil narrates the curriculum and method
advocated by.....
2. Application :
(a) Pupil locates the ideological similaratic of Indian
educationsists.
(b) Pupil tells how the contribution of Indian
thinkers helped in inculcating natural spirit.
(c) Pupil compares the educational thoughts of the
above thinkers.
(d) Pupil explains the importance of the contribution
of the above thinkers for national awakening.
2.1 Mahatma Gandhi :
1. Educational thoughts.
2. Aims of Education.
3. Curriculum.
4. Process of Teaching.
Reference Material
( 1 ) Seven Indian EducationistsA. Biswas, J. C. Agarwal,
Arya Book Depot, New Delhi-5.
( 2 ) Recent Educational Philosophies in India.
Ravindranath Tagore :
1. Short life sketch
2. Educational Thoughts.
3. Aims of Education
4. Curriculum and Teaching Process
5. Vishwa Bharati University
S.Y.B.A. / 170
2.2 Educational Thoughts of :
1. Swami Dayanand
2. Swami Vivekanand
3. S. Radhakrishnan
1. Recommendations of Mudliyar and Kothari
Commission with Special reference to recognization
of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education.
2. Present position of Secondary, Higher Secondary
Education in Maharashtra.
3. Present position of Technical and Vocational
Education in Maharashtra.
4. Objectives and Present position of Higher Education
with special reference to Kothari Commission.
Unit IV :
1.1 Concept of Academic Freedom with special reference
to :
(a) Curriculum Framing in case of teachers.
(b) Selection of subjects in case of students.
1.2 Three aspects of discipline :
(a) Repression
(b) Emancipation
(c) Impression
1.3 Causes of indicipline and measures to overcome them.
Unit 5 : Agencies of Education :
5.1 Concept of formal and informal education :
(a) Meaning of formal and informal education.
(b) Role and function of Agencies :
(1) Educational institutions
(2) Public libraries
(3) Cultural organizations
S.Y.B.A. / 171
(c) Importance of Co-operation of formal and
informal agencies of Education in the develop-
ment of Education in the development of a child.
5.2 Role and functions of family in Education :
(a) Role and functions of a family in the education
development of child.
(b) Role of parents in the education and education of
the child.
Unit 6 :
1. Name of the Unit :
Role of private enterprise in the development and spread
of education in Maharashtra with reference to the
work of :
6.1 Mahatma Jotiba Phule.
6.2 Maharshi D. K. Karve.
6.3 Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil.
2. Contents analysis in detail.
6.1 Mahatma Jotiba Phule.
6.1.1 Educational Philosophy of Mahatma J. Phule.
6.1.2 Education of women, untouchables and formers
6.1.3 Views on public education
6.2 Maharshi D. K. Karve :
6.2.1 His thoughts on the aims of womens education
6.2.2 Womens University
6.2.3 Educational activities of womens University
6.3 Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil :
6.3.1 Educational Philosophy
6.3.2 Views on Earn and Learn Scheme.
6.3.3 Views on dignity of labour.
3. Methodology.
Lectures, Discussion, Seminar.
S.Y.B.A. / 172
Reference Material
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'-'. + ..-. .
,) ~++. .. + . '.e.- '.-+.. - + .+..+. +. -. .
-,.
,,) ~++. .. + .. -.e.. ~.. -. . '.e+u. +. . . .
.+..+. -.
( 4 ) Chandorkar, G. L.Maharshi Karve, Popular Book
Depot, 1958.
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.-+. +'..- '.e - -e. '+:.... . -,.
,.) + :. .. -.--. + - ~.' -. -. .. ~.+ |+. .+
-.++ . --.
Unit 7 :
Role of democratic state and community in education.
Unit 8 :
Name of the Unit : Innovations in education with
special reference to Maharashtra.
8.1 Anganwadi and Kuranshala.
8.2 Open University.
8.3 Continuing education.
8.4 Adult education.
Content analysis in detail -
8.1 Anganwadi and Kuranshala :
8.1.1 The concept of Anganwadi
8.1.2 The concept of Kuranshala.
S.Y.B.A. / 173
8.2 Open University.
8.2.1 The concept of Open University.
8.2.2 The role of Open University.
8.2.3 Open University in Maharashtra.
8.3 Continuing education :
8.3.1 Concept of need of continuing education.
8.3.2 Continuing education as a branch of Non-formal
Education. Role of Colleges in continuing education.
8.4 Adult Education :
8.4.1 Concept of adult education and views of Kothari
Commission.
3. Methodology :
Lectures, dicussion and seminars.
Reference Material
,-) +.+. ~+ +.; +. -+.-. : +-.+-+. - .+ ~.. + '-:.-.
+-. .+..+. .. . -.
,) .. - . -. . ~+ +.; . +.-.- - --.+.
( 3 ) Paramaji S. O.Distance Education pp., 1-8, 23-42,
Sterling Publishers Private Limited.
( 4 ) Joshi, K. L.Problem of higher education in India,
Popular Prakashan, pp. 202-220.
,) '.e ~.' --.. ++ . ~ + . .+ +... -.- -..
; '-+ ;'-:: : ~. + | + .+. .
( 6 ) Bhansali, K. H.Signposts for a Learning Society,
Gokhale Education Society, Nasik, Sept. 1984, Price
Rs. 36, pp. 17-20, 25-33, 89-90.
,) . .. +.; + ~+. -.'+ '.e. -.
S.Y.B.A. / 174
( 8 ) Palsane, M. N.Continuing and non-formal education,
Journal of higher education (Delhi 4), (3) Spring, 79,
pp. 3-51.
( 9 ) Markand, SaritaThe concept of adult continuing
education; Indian Journal of Adult Education, 42, (10)
Oct. 81, 25-32.
,-) '.e ~.' --.. ~. +:. +'-- + -. ++ . ~ + -. '+ +
'.e.-. + + -~.+. . .-..
,--) '+~ + . ~.-+. '+ + '.e.-. .z . + -.'+:.- .-.
-~.+. '.e ~.' --.. ; '-+ ;'-:: : ~. + | + .+.
-. +. --. --. ++ . ~ + . -
-: + -.. . .
Reference Books
,-) '.e.- +.'-++ ~.' -.-.'+ - -.. -. +.. + -- .
. '+:. .+..+. .
,) ~.- '.e + ~.. ---. -.-. .:.-. '+. ~
+ -+. .
,,) -..: .+.- . e'+ '++.- -..: ..-+.
,) -.'+:.-.+ '+:.. - .- . '+:.. -.+ -'-+.. .
(5) Some Great Western Educational ThinkersChaube
S. P., Ram Prasad and Sons, Agra-3, Doba House,
Delhi.
(6) Seven Indian EducationistsVishwas and Agarwal.
,) -.--. . +.+. + - + +- +. ~..+ .. + . ~++.
,) ~+ +.; . +.-.- - --.+ -. . .. - .
( 9 ) Education in Indian :Today and TomorrowS. N.
Mukherji.
(10) Philosophical and Sociological Foundation of
EducationKamala Bhatia, Baldev Bhatia, Doba House,
Delhi.
S.Y.B.A. / 175
(11) Sociological Approach to Indian EducationS. S.
Mathur, Vinod Pustak Bhandar.
,-) . e'+ +-u.+.-. - u. + . +. '+. ~+. -+. . '+:.
.+..+. ,.
,-,) ++~.+ '.e + '.e+ -. . -.:+. ~++ ~.' -. + .
- + .+..+. +. -. .
,-) ~. '++ '.e.. ---.. .. ~.' '+. + -. . +..+.
-.e.. ~+ -++.-.
(15) Ancient Indian EducationG. S. Altekar.
(16) Report of the Indian Education Commission, 1964.
,-) -. +- . '.e '.e..-- - -.. .
,-) . e'+ +-+u.+ ~.' . e'+ --...-- -. +.. + -- .
,-) ..-.+ +.e.+.- '.e ,+ .+. . -+. -.+ + ~.+)
... + . +.. .. - + ... ~. -. -.e.. + ++ .+..+.
,.
,) - +.+ '.e.-. ;'+.- ... + . +.. .. - . ... ~.-.
-.e.. + ++ .+..+. ,.
S.Y.B.A. / 176
(19) History
General Paper II- Modern World (1789-1939)
Special Paper I- A Special period of Indian History
Medieval India (1206-1707)
OR
Modern India (1757-1857)
Special Paper II- Constitutional History of India
(1858-1950)
OR
Outline of Ancient Indian History &
Culture (2500 BC to 1206 AD)
General Paper II
Modern World (1789-1939)
Periods required
1. The French Revolution :
1.1 Causes 3
1.2 Effects 2
1.3 Internal reforms of Napolean Bonaparte 3
2. Period of Reaction
2.1 Vienna Congress 2
2.2 Concept of Europe 2
2.3 Metternich System 2
3. Growth of Nationalism in Europe
3.1 Unification of Italy 3
3.2 Unification of Germany 3
4. Industrial Revolution
4.1 Causes 2
4.2 Impact on the Modern WorldSocial, Economic
and Political 2
S.Y.B.A. / 177
5. Growth of Democracy in England
5.1 Parliamentary Reform Acts-1832, 1867-1884
and 1911 3
5.2 Chartist Movement 1
6. China
6.1 The opening of China 2
6.2 The Taiping Rebellion 2
6.3 Hundred Days Reforms 1
7. The Meiji Revolution and modernization of Japan 3
8. America
8.1 Monroe Doetrine 2
8.2 Significance of Civil War 2
9. BismarkHis Foreign Policy 3
10. Imperialism
10.1 Its nature and causes 2
10.2 Western imperialism in Africa and Asia 2
11. Growth of Nationalism in China
11.1 Revolution of 1911 2
11.2 Dr. Sun Yat Sen 2
12. The First World War
12.1 Causes 2
12.2 Consequences 2
12.3 The Peace Settlements, 1919 3
13. The Russian Revolution of 1917 3
14. The League of NationsIts achievements and failure 2
15. Rise of Dictatorship
15.1 Italy 3
15.2 Germany 3
16. Kemal Pasha and Modernization of Tukey 2
17. The Great Depression of 1929
17.1 Causes 2
17.2 Effects 2
S.Y.B.A. / 178
18. Rise of Japan as World Power 2
19. The Second World War-Causes 2
Books for Study
( 1 ) HazenModern Europe
( 2 ) Gershoy, LeoThe French Revolution and Nepolean
( 3 ) Grant and TemperleyEurope in the 19th and 20th
centuries
( 4 ) Marriot, J.A.R.A History of Europe
( 5 ) Peacock, H.K.A.History of Modern Europe
(1789-1970)
( 6 ) Clyde and BeersThe Far East
( 7 ) Kirk, G.A Short History of the Middle East
( 8 ) Carr, E. H.International Relations between the two
World Wars.
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,-) ~..+- . -.'.+ ~+. -.+ . .
,--) + -+. . ~. .. + +-+ . .. .. ~. '++ . .
Books for Reference
( 1 ) LipsonEurope in the 19th and 20th centuries
( 2 ) Langsam, W. C.World Science, 1919
( 3 ) Moon, H.P.T.Imperialism and World Politics
( 4 ) Panikkar, K. M.Asia and Western Dominance
( 5 ) Vinacke, H. M.History of the Far East in Morden
Times
,.) + + . . . . + ~.'..-. ~. '++ ;'+.-.
,) - .- . +. -. -.. ++ ~. '++ +.-. ;'+.-.
S.Y.B.A. / 179
(History) Special Paper I
A Special Period of Indian History
Medieval India (1206-1707)
Periods
required
1. The early Turkish Sultans of Delhi
1.1 Qutbuddin Aibak-Foundation of Delhi Sultanate 1
1.2 Illutmish-(a) Early difficulties
(b) Victory over his rivals
(c) Administration
(d) Estimate 3
1.3 Razia-(a) Opposition to her rule
(b) Causes of her fall 1
1.4 Balban-Consolidation of the Sultanate
(a) Restoration of the Crowns prestige
(b) Theory of Kingship
(c) Destruction of the Forty
(d) Recoganization of Army
(e) Estimate 4
2. The Khalji Dynasty
Alauddin Khalji
2.1 His theory of kingship
2.2 Deccan Policy
2.3 Administrative reforms
2.4 Military reforms
2.5 Market control and revenue policy
2.6 Estimate of his achievements 8
S.Y.B.A. / 180
Periods
required
3. The Tughlug Dynasty-Muhammad Tughluq
3.1 His revenue reforms.
3.2 Transfer of Capital.
3.3 Introduction of token currency.
3.4 Famine relief and Agricultural reforms.
3.5 Invasion of China.
3.6 Causes of his failure.
3.7 Estimate of his character and personality. 8
4. Firuz Tughluq
4.1 Agricultural Policy.
4.2 Religious Policy.
4.3 Estimate. 4
5. Invasion of Timur (1398)-Its effects. 2
6. The Saiyyids, the Lodis and the decline of the
sultanate.
7. (a) The Bahamanis-Achievements of Muhmad
Gawan. 2
(b) The Vijaynagar Empire-Achievements of Krishna
Deva Raya. 2
8. The Mangol invasions and the Sultans of Delhi. 3
9. The Bhakti Movement-Suffi Movement. 2
10. Art and architecture. 2
11. Babur : The Foundation of Mughal Empire
11.1 The First Battle Panipat.
11.2 The Battle of Khanua.
11.3 Estimate. 5
S.Y.B.A. / 181
Periods
required
12. Humayan
12.1 Struggle with Sher Shah.
12.2 Estimate of his character. 4
13. Sher Shahhis administrative reforms. 3
14. Akbar
14.1 Extent of the Mughal Empire.
14.2 Rajput Policy.
14.3 Religious Policy.
14.4 Mansabdari System.
14.5 Revenue Reforms. 8
15. JahangirEstimate of his character. 2
16. Shah Jahan
16.1 Deccan Policy.
16.2 Northwest Frontier Policy. 3
17. Aurangzeb : The decline of Mughal Empire
17.1 Religious Policy.
17.2 Rajput Policy.
17.3 Deccan Policy.
17.4 Causes of his failure. 7
18. Mughal Administration
18.1 Central Administration.
18.2 Provincial Administration. 3
19. Art and Architecture 3
Books for Study
( 1 ) Prasad, IshwariHistory of Medieval India.
( 2 ) Srivastava, A. L.The Sultanate of Delhi.
( 3 ) Singh, MeeraMedieval History of India.
( 4 ) Pandey, A. B.Early Medieval India.
S.Y.B.A. / 182
( 5 ) Mujumdar, R. C. (Ed.)The Delhi Sultanate (BVB).
( 6 ) Lanepoole, S.Mughal Empire in India.
( 7 ) Sharma, S. R.Mughal Empire in India.
( 8 ) Srivastava, A. L.The Mughal Empire (BVB).
( 9 ) Tripathi, R. P.Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire.
Books for Reference
( 1 ) HabibullahFoundation of Muslim Rule in India.
( 2 ) Habib and NizamiThe Delhi Sultanate.
( 3 ) Lal, K. S.History of the Khalis.
( 4 ) Qureshi, I. H.Administration of the Delhi Sultanate.
( 5 ) Rushbrook WilliamsAn Empire builder of the 16th
Century.
( 6 ) QanungoSher Shah and His Times.
( 7 ) Smith, V. A.Akbar the Great.
( 8 ) Qureshi, I. H.Administration of the Mughal Empire.
( 9 ) Savkar, J. N.Mughal Administration.
(10) Ashraf, K. M.Life and conditions of the People of
Hindustan.
(11) Tripathi, R. P.Some Aspects of Muslim
Administration.
(12) Brown PercyIndian Architecture (Islamic Period).
,-,) '-:.-. + . +.. - +.+ - +-+. + - -..
OR
Special Paper I
Modern India (1757-1858)
Periods
required
1. Political Conditions of India on the eve of the battle of
PlasseyA Brief Survey. 2
S.Y.B.A. / 183
2. Foundation of British Power in Bengal
2.1 Battle of Plassey-Background and consequences. 2
2.2 Battle of Buxar-Significance. 2
2.3 Fights of Diwani and Nizamat. 1
2.4 Dual Government in Bengal-its failure and
effects. 2
3. Warren Hestings
3.1 His reforms. 3
3.2 His relations with the Indian Powers-
(a) Marathas (b) Mysore 4
3.3 Estimate of his achievements. 2
3.4 Regulating Act of 1773 and Pilts India Act
of 1784 an outline. 1
4. Lord Carnwallis
4.1 Third Mysore War. 2
4.2 His reforms. 2
4.3 Permanent Settlement of Bengal. 2
5. Sir John Shore and his policy of non-intervention. 1
6. Lord Wellesley-Policy of Consequent and Expansion
6.1 His Subsidiary System. 2
6.2 Fourth Mysore War. 2
6.3 Tanjore, Surat and Karnatak. 1
6.4 Outh. 2
6.5 Second Maratha War. 2
6.6 Estimate of his achievements. 2
7. Lord Hastings
7.1 Pindary War. 1
7.2 Third Maratha War. 2
7.3 His Reforms. 2
8. William Bentinck-his reforms. 4
9. Rise and Fall of the Sikh Power. 4
S.Y.B.A. / 184
10. Lord Dalhousie-Policy of intervention and
annexation
10.1 Conquest of Punjab. 1
10.2 Doctrine of Lapse. 3
10.3 Abolition of title and pensions. 1
10.4 His reforms and Indian reaction. 4
10.5 His responsibility for the Rising of 1857. 1
11. Relations of the East India Company with the
neighbouring states
11.1 Nepal. 2
11.2 Burma. 3
11.3 Afghanistan. 2
12. Rising of 1857
12.1 Causes. 2
12.2 Nature. 1
12.3 Extent. 1
12.4 Causes failure. 2
12.5 Effects. 2
13. The impact of Company rule on Indian Society and
economy. 6
Books for Study
( 1 ) Mahajan, V. D.British Rule in India and after.
( 2 ) Roberts, P. E.British India.
( 3 ) Muir, RamsayMaking of British India.
( 4 ) Dodwell, H. H.Cambridge History of India, Vol. V.
( 5 ) Thomposon and Carret : Rise and Fulfilment of British
Rule in India.
( 6 ) Bearce, G. D.British attitude towards India.
( 7 ) Misra, B. B.The Central Administration of the East
India Company.
( 8 ) Panikkar, K. M.Evolution of British Policy forwards
Indian States (1774-1858).
S.Y.B.A. / 185
Books for Reference
( 1 ) Mujumdar, R. C. (Ed.) : British Paramountcy and
Indian Renaissance (Bhavans series).
( 2 ) Gopal, S. : The Permanent Settlement in Bengal and
its results.
( 3 ) Datta, K. K. : Survey of Indias Social Life and
Economic Conditions in the 18th Century.
( 4 ) Mukherjee, Ramkrishna : The Rise and Fall of the
East India Company.
( 5 ) Kumar, Janardan : Company IndiaA Comprehensive
History of India (1757-1858).
( 6 ) Hennessy H. E. : Administrative History of British
India (1757-1925).
Special Paper II
Constitutional History of India (1858-1950)
Periods
required
1. Constitutional development from 1773 to 1857-a brief
survey. 2
2. Transfer of power from the East India Company to
the Crown :
2.1 The Government of India Act, 1858its salient
features and significance. 4
2.2 The Queens Proclamation and its importance. 2
3. The development of Central and Provincial Council :
3.1 Indian Council Act, 1861. 2
3.2 Indian Council Act, 1892. 2
S.Y.B.A. / 186
4. Rise and Growth of Indian Nationalism :
4.1 Foundation of Indian National Congress. 2
4.2 The Moderates and the Extremists 2
4.3 Partition of Bengal. 2
4.4 The Swadeshi Movement. 2
4.5 The Surat Split. 2
4.6 The Revolutionary Movement. 2
5. Morley-Minto Reforms-The Indian Councils Act,
1909 : its salient features and significance. 4
6. The Home Rule Movement, Luknow Pact. 3
7. The Government of India Act, 1919 :
7.1 Montagues Declaration of August 1917-
its salient features. 2
7.2 The Government of India Act, 1919its main
provisions. 3
7.3 Dyarchy- (a) Its nature.
(b) Causes of its failure. 4
8. Non-Co-operation Movementits achievement and
failure. 4
9. The Swarajist Party :
9.1 Its policy and programme. 1
9.2 Achievements and failure. 2
10. Simon CommissionIts recommendations and Indian
reaction. 2
11. Nehru Report : 14 Points of Jinnah. 3
12. (a) Civil Disobedience Movement. 2
(b) Round Table Conference. 2
(c) Communal Award and Poona Pact. 2
(d) White Paper. 1
S.Y.B.A. / 187
13. The Government of India Act, 1935 :
13.1 Its salient features. 3
13.2 Provincial Autonomy and its working. 3
14. Constitutional Development between 1939-1947 :
14.1 World War II and Constitutional Deadlock. 1
14.2 The August Offer. 1
14.3 Cripps Proposals. 2
14.4 Quit India Movement. 3
14.5 Wavell Plan. 2
14.6 Cabinet Mission Planits merits and demerits. 2
14.7 The Mountbattan Plan and Partition of India. 2
14.8 The Indian Independence Act, 1947. 1
15. The Constitution of Indiaits salient features. 2
Books for Study
( 1 ) Keith, A. B.A Constitutional History of India.
( 2 ) Singh, G. N.Landmarks in Indian Constitutional and
National Development.
( 3 ) Sharma, Shri RamConstitutional History of India.
( 4 ) Aggarwala, R. N.National Movement and
Constitutional Development of India.
( 5 ) Sikri, S. L.Studies in the constitutional History of
India.
,.) + -+. . ++ ~.+. .+:+ -. '++.-.
,) ~. + +. +. ~.+. .+:+ -. -. '+ ;'+.-.
,) ~. +- . .. . + . ~.+. .: . ~. . -+ ~.' +:+.--+
'++.-.
S.Y.B.A. / 188
Books for Reference
( 1 ) Chhabra, G. S.Advanced Study in the Constitutional
History of India.
( 2 ) Banerjee, A. C.Documents of Indian Constitutional
History.
( 3 ) Tara ChandHistory of Indian Freedom Struggle.
( 4 ) Menon, V. L.Transfer of Power.
( 5 ) Tope, T. K.The Constitution of India.
( 6 ) PyleeIndian Constitution.
,) .+- + ~. '++ ~.+.
OR
Special Paper II
Outline of Ancient Indian History and Culture
(2500 BC to 1206 AD)
FIRST TERM
1. Sources for the study of Ancient Indian History and
Culture
1.1 Archaeological.
1.2 Epigraphical.
1.3 Literary.
1.4 Numismatical.
2. Indus Valley or Harappan Culture
2.1 Sites and Extent.
2.2 Founders.
2.3 Daily Life, Economy.
2.4 Religion, Society.
2.5 Legacy.
S.Y.B.A. / 189
3. Vedic and Later Vedic Ages
3.1 Social, Political, Economic Life of the Aryans.
3.2 Literary activities and emergence of
Philosophical ideas.
3.3 Emergence of empires and Janpads Mahajanpads.
4. Social-Religious reform movements leading to
emergence of Jainism Buddhism and other Sects-Roles
of Mahavir and Gautam Buddhatheir teaching and
Philosophy.
5. Contact with outside world and its impact on Indian
Cultureepigraphy, coinage, script, art and
architecture, social life.
From the first term the topic No. 5 be taught
at second term.
SECOND TERM
Periods
required
6. The Mauryas
6.1 Effects of Persian and Greek invasions on India. 1
6.2 Chandragupta Maurya. 1
6.3 Ashoka. 2
6.4 Decline and fall of the Mauryan Empire. 2
6.5 Administration. 1
6.6 Arts and Architecture. 1
7. The Post-Maurya period upto A.D. 300
The Sungas, Satvahanas, Sakas and Kushanasa brief
Survey. 8
S.Y.B.A. / 190
8. The Age of the Imperial Guptas
8.1 Chandragupta I. 2
8.2 Samudra Gupta. 2
8.3 Chandrapupta II (Vikramaditya). 2
8.4 Government. 2
8.5 Religion. 2
8.6 Art, Architecture and Science. 2
8.7 Downfall of the Imperial Guptas. 2
9. Harshavardhana-estimate of his achievements. 4
10. North India after Harshs death. 2
Rise of Rajput dynastiesa brief survey. 2
11. South Indian Dynasties
The Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Pallavas.
and Cholasa brief survey. 8
Books for Study
1. Tripathi, R. S.History of Ancient India.
2. Raychoudhari, H. C.Political History of Ancient
India.
3. Mujumdar, R. C.Ancient India.
4. Mahajan, V. D.Ancient India.
5. Mookerjee, R. K.Ancient India.
6. Smith, V. A.Early History of India.
Books for Reference
1. History and Culture of Indian PeopleBharateeya
Vidya Bhavans Series, Vols. I, II, III.
2. Kosambi, D. D.Culture and Civilization of Ancient
India in Historical outline.
3. Ghosh, N. M.Early History of India.
4. Bhandarkar, D. R.Some Aspects of Ancient Indian
Culture.
S.Y.B.A. / 191
5. Altekar, A. S.State and Government in Ancient
India.
6. Sharma, S. R.Aspects of Political Ideas and
Institutions in Ancient India.
7. Beni Prasad-Theory and Government in Ancient India.
. '+- - :. ~+ . '.u . -.. . ~.+. - -+ +. ,. -
.+..+. - +; ).
S.Y.B.A. / 192
(20) Music
Practicals (I) : There will be practical examination at
the end of the first term and will coincide with the term-end
examination. This will be of 20 marks and the portion
prescribed for this will be the same as that prescribed for
the practical under G-1 (Sem. I).
Practicals (II) : There will be another and final practical
examination that will coincide with annual examination and
will be the same as that prescribed under practical for G-2
(Sem. II). However, 25% marks will be for the portion
under Practical I Examination. The above scheme will be
applicable for all the remaining papers under this course.
(Passing in both theory and practical examination is
compulsory).
(II) Second Year B.A. Portion :
Sem. I and IV
G-3 + G-4 = General Paper II
S-1 + S-2 = Special Paper I
S-3 + S-4 = Special Paper II
Portion for theory and practical under G-3, S-1 and
S-3 is prescribed for the term-end examination. Other
particulars will be the same as given under F.Y.B.A.
Syllabus.
.-. '.+. + + +. ++ +..|. - +.+ '++ '.+'+.-...
~..+-.-. - u. +. ..-'e+.-... u.-. +- + -. -.
+.'-+. .+.-
'-'+:. -. |+ +.- ~.-... ,- u. '.+'+.-...)
+ '-'+:. - +.+ +.- ..-'e+.-....
Note : The Student will not be permitted to learn
Music as a private candidate.
S.Y.B.A. / 193
(20) (a) Vocal and Instrumental Classical Music
G-3 General Theory
1. Notation writing of :
(i) Chhota-Khyal ,e. :. .-) or Rajakhani-Gata
,u.+. ++) from the following Ragas :
,-) -. +. ,) -.-+ -. ,,) '+.+. ,) . + ..
(ii) The following Talas ,+.-) with their Theka-Bols
,. +. +. -).
,-) ; -.. ,) ++.-. . +.. ,,) ;+.-. ,) '-+.-.
,) -+. ,.) '+- '++ |++.-. ,) -. +.-.
2. Definitions of the following technical terms :
,-) + .-. ,) - +.. ,,) + . ,) '++... ,) .-.
,.) + . ,) ~ .. ,) +.+. ,) +.+. ,-) +-.:.
,--) +-+. ,-) ;.-.. ,-,) +-.++. ,-) -+.-..
,-) ~--+. ,-.) +-+. ,-) +.+. ,-) ++.
3. Detailed theoretical description of the Ragas ,.+)
mentioned above.
4. Short accounts of the contribution of the following
artists to Music :
,-) + +.+. ,) + . . -.. .. - -+
,,) +.+- + ,) . + .+ . + '-+
,) . '+. +.. ~.+u -
S.Y.B.A. / 194
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Detailed study of :
(i) One Bada-Khyal ,+-. .-) or Maseetkhani-Gat
,--.+u.+. ++) from the following Ragas :
,-) '+.+. ,) -. +. ,,) -.-+ -. ,) . + ..
(ii) One Chhota-Khyal ,e. :. .-) or Rajakhani Gat
,.u.+. ++) in each of the above mentiond four
Ragas.
(iii) One Dhripad ,) in the above mentioned Ragas.
2. Ability to recognize and reproduce Swaras ,-+), Ragas
,.+) and songs heard on the spot.
3. Ability to know and recite the Theka-Bols ,. +. +. -)
of the Talas prescribed in the First Semester, while
Tabla ,++-.) is being played.
G-4 Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Ability to write the Swar-Vistar of the following Ragas :
,-) '+- +. ,) -+.. ,,) '+~.-. ~.' ,) +..
2. General knowledge of the following topics :
,-) ' -.+. + ++. :+ - +.++..
,) .- +.+..
,,) +.+..
,) +.+. - .+..
,) .+.'+. +..
S.Y.B.A. / 195
3. Similarities and defferences between the Samaprakruti-
Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+) prescribed for Semester I and II
of G-1 and G-2
. +'+.. -...+ +. . +. -. -. +. ~.' ~. . -+- .
+. .
. +'+.+ -. . ~.+. , .:. -. -+..
6. Topics for essays :
,-) .+ + - . -. - + .
,) -..-. + -++ - +.+.-. +.: .
,,) +..-+.-. .+ +.+.. --... - + .
,) - +.+ -.+..
,) + +. -.- --+.
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Detailed study of :
(i) One Bada-Khyal ,+-. .-) or Maseetkhani-Gat
,--.+u.+. ++) from the following Ragas :
,-) '+- +. ,) -+.. ,,) '+~.- ~.' ,) +..
(ii) One Chhota-Khyal ,e. :. .-) or Rajakhani Gat
,.u.+. ++) in each of the above mentioned
Ragas.
(iii) One Tarana ,+.+.). Bhajan ,~+) or Dhun , +)
in any one of the eight Ragas prescribed for this
year.
S.Y.B.A. / 196
2. Ability to explain the similarities and differences
between the Samaprakriti Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+)
prescribed for Semester I and II of G-1 and G-2.
3. Ability to recognize the Ragas from the Swar-
Samoohas , -+ -- ) sung (Or played) by the Examiner.
S-1 Special Paper I
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
(a) Bada-Khyal or Maseetkhani Gat ,+-. .- '+ +.
--.+u.+. ++) from the following ragas :
,-) '.. ,) -. . +.. ,,) -+.. ,) ~ .
(b) The following Talas ,+.-) with their Bols ,+. -)
,-) ; -.. ,) '+-+.-.. ,,) -.. ,) u -:..
,) ;+.-. ,.) + +.. ,) -.e.. ,) .- ..
,) -. +.-. ,-) |++.-. ,--) ~.-.-. +.-. ,-)-+.
2. Definitions of the following technical terms :
,-) - '.+... ,) +. ++...+. ,,) .. ++.. .+.
,) '+.-. ,) ~ .. ,.) ~. . '-+. ,) ~.-. ,) - +. .
,) -- .:. ,-) ~-- .:. ,--) -- -+. ,-) -.+.
,-,) -. :. ,-) --.
3. Detailed theoretical description of the Ragas mentioned
above.
4. Short accounts of the contribution of the following
artists to Music :
S.Y.B.A. / 197
,-) u. . '+-'-,. u. . ,) -+. +.-.- +. +.
,,) u. ~-. u. . ,) u. '-+ u. .
,) . +.++.+ . ... ,.) . .. .. . +.
,) u. '+-.+ u. . ,) . '+. +.
,) ~-. u -. . ,-) . +.e+ + +. ;--+ .+.
Pratical (40 marks)
1. Singing (or playing) one Chhota-Khyal or Rajakhani
Gat ,e. :. .- '+ +. .u.+. ++) in each of the
following Ragas with
Alap ,~.-.). Tanas ,+.+.) or Jod ,. -) and Todas
,+. -.)
,-) '.. ,) -. . +.. ,,) -+.. ,) ~ .
2. Explain the similarities and differences between the
Samaprakriti Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+) studied uptil now.
3. Ability to sing or play :
(a) One Thumri ,. -.) from the following ragas :
,-) u-.. ,) +.+.. ,,) ~ +.. ,) '- .
(b) Two Taranas ,+. ) and Chatarangas ,-+ +) or
Dhun , +) from the following Ragas :
,-) '.. ,) -. . +.. ,,) -+.. ,) ~
S-2 Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
(a) Bada Khyal ,+-. .-) or Maseetkhani Gat
,--.+u.+. ++) and one Dhrupad , ) from
the following Ragas :
,-) . +-.. ,) '-.--.. ,,) .-+-..
,) - --..
(b) All the Talas ,+.-) studied uptil now.
S.Y.B.A. / 198
2. Detailed Theoretical description of the Ragas
mentioned above.
3. Short accounts of the contribution of the following
artists to Music :
,-) u. +- + -.- ~-. u. . ,) .-+. ~,..'z+ u. -. +.
,,) .-+. - -++.; . ,) .-+. '- .. +..
,) '.-. -. '-.. ,.) -.-: + .+ + - + .+.
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Singing or playing one Chhota-Khyal or Rajakhani Gat
,e.:. .- ~+. .u.+. ++) in each of the following :
Ragas with Alap ,~.-.), Tanas ,+.+.) or Jod ,. -) and
Todas ,+. -.)
,-) - --.. ,).-+-.. ,,) '-.--.. ,) . +-..
2. Explain the similarities and differences between the
Samaprakriti Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+) studied uptil now.
3. Ability to :
(a) Sing or play two Taranas ,+. ) and one Abhang
,~~ +) from the above mentioned Ragas.
(b) Recognize the Tala ,+.-) while Tabla is being
played (all Talas studied uptil now).
S-3 Special Paper II
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
(a) Swar-Vistar ,-+ '+-+.) of the Ragas prescribed
for the First and Second Semester of the S-1.
S.Y.B.A. / 199
(b) One Bada-Khyal or Maseetkhani Gat ,+-. .-
'+ +. --.+u.+. ++) from the following ragas :
,-) ~.-.+.. ,) +- +. ,,) ~-... ,) ' -. -.
2. Topics for essay :
,-) +. : .+ +.- --+. ,) - +.+.+ -.'-.- -.+.
,,) - +- - +.+ . -.. ,) - +.+.+ -.+ - --+.
,) +.:+.+ - +.+.- --+.
,.) -.''-+. -. - +.+ e -.+.- -. +.
3. General knowledge of the following topics :
,-) '-+:. ,) ... ,,) +-.. ,) - +..
4. Similarities and differences between the Ragas
prescribed for S-1 Semester III and S-3 Semester IV.
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Singing (or playing) and two Bada Khyals or
Maseetkhani Gats ,+-. .- '+ +. --.+u.+. ++) from
the following Ragas :
(-) ~.-.+.. ,) +- +. ,,) ~-... ,) ' -. -.
2. Ability to :
(a) Sing or play one Dhrupad , ) and one Dhamar
,-.) in the Ragas mentioned above.
(b) Tune Tambora ,+ +. .) (or instrument selected).
3. Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikriti-Swaras
,. '++ + -+). Talas ,+.-). Ragas ,.+) or songs heard
on the spot.
S.Y.B.A. / 200
S-4 Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
(a) Swar-vistar ,-+ '+-+.) of the following Ragas :
,-) +.. +.+-.. ,) e..+:. ,,) ' -. -.
,) - + +..
(b) Bada-Khyal or Maseetkhani Gat ,+-. .- '+ +.
--.+u.+. ++) and one Dhrupad , ) from the
Ragas mentioned above.
2. Topics for essays :
,-) +-. + +.++. . -. - +- - +.+.
,) +~. +..... - +.+.-. . .. .-. ;: +.
~'+:
,,) '-+ - +.+.-. ..--. - +.+.+.- .~.+.
,) +.+. +.-... '+'+.-. +.:. -. .. +.
,) .. - +.+.
3. General knowledge of the following topics :
,~) - +.+.. .-'- + . '+-. + - +.+.. ;'+.-.-
+.-'+~.+.
,+) + '+ - +.+ + -.- -+ + '+ +.-.+.- +.: .
,+) '+ -+ '+~.+.
,-) ..-.+ + ~. '++ ~.-. +..
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Singing or playing any two Bada-Khyals or Maseetkhani
Gat ,+-. .- '+ +. --.+u.+. ++) from the following
Ragas :
,-) +.. +.+-.. ,) e..+:. ,,) ' -. -. ,) - + +..
S.Y.B.A. / 201
2. Ability to sing or play one Thumari ,. -.). one Dhrupad
, ) and one Dhamar ,-. ) from the Ragas
mentioned above.
3. Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikriti Swaras
,. '++ + -+) ragas or songs heard on the spot.
(20) (b) Tabala
G-3 (General)
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
(i) The Theka-Bols ,. +. +. -) of the following Talas
,+.-)
,-) ~.-. -.+.-. ,) -+. ,,) --+.-. ,) '+-+.-..
,) -.. ,.) ~. '-+.. ,) u -:..
(ii) The Talas ,+.-) in Adi Kuadi ,+ ~.-.) and
different Layakaris ,-+..).
(iii) Different Bols ,+. -) in Tala-notation.
2. Definitions of the following technical terms :
,-) ~.-.. ,) u - ,'+~.+). ,,) -+. ,) +..
,) - +.+. ,.) +. ,) -.. ,) ...+. ,) +...
,-) .+... ,--) --..
3. Topics for essays :
,-) -.;. ~.+- ++-.+.+
,) -. -. ++-. |+ -++ - .+..
,,) +.-.-. - -+-+ .
,) ++-.-. +-+ .
,) '+'+.e. +.-+.: + -. - -. 'e+ --+.
S.Y.B.A. / 202
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Talas prescribed :
,-) ~.-. -. +.-. ,) -+. ,,) - -+.-. ,) '+-+.-..
,) -.. ,.) ~. '-+.. ,) u -:..
2. General knowledge of the following topics :
,-) .- ,'+- '++ + +). ,) . -.. ,,) .
,) -.. ,) -.+.. ,.) ...
3. Ability to :
(i) Tune the Tabla ,++-. -+.+ '-e'+ ).
(ii) Read the written Bolas ,+. -) and reproduce them
on the Tabla ,++-.).
G-4 Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Showing difference between :
,-) ++ +.. .+...
,) .- . ~.-. -. +.-..
,,) |++.- -. +.-..
,) -. ~.-. -. +.-..
,) '-+.- '+-+.-..
2. Knowledge of the following topics :
,-) +.-+.:. -. '-.
,) +.+.- + . +.
,,) -.. -.-. ~- + + ++ +e +.- ~- .
,) ~.+u - + - -+ . . -+- u+ +.+.-
+.-'- .
,) - u- + '+.; . -. -+. + ,'+'+.-. +.-. +).
S.Y.B.A. / 203
3. Short accounts of the contribution of the following
artists to Tabla ,++-.) or Pakhavaj ,u+.).
,-) .. '+'u- +. +.
,) . .--..
,,) .. .+ + + +.
,) -+. . -+ -.-.
,) '-. +'-u. u+...
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) '-+.-. |++.-. ;+.- . +.-. + '+'+.e - +
+. +. - +.'+ .
,) -+.- '+'+.-. .+.- +. -. .+. + +.
+.'+.-. +...
,,) +.+.-. + +.+.-. -.- ++ ++. .
,) -. -. '-+.- '+-.+ - '-'+:. + +.'++. .
S-1 Special Paper I
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of all the previous Talas ,+.-)
prescribed for practical (G-1, G-2, G-3) in various
Layakaris ,-+..).
2. Knowledge of the following topics :
,-) ' -.+. +.-. - . + ++. :+ ,'e ' -.+.) +.+
'-' .
,) '+'+.-. -+.. '-'.-. +.
,,) ++.-.. '+'+.-. +.. -. + '.: .
3. Short notes.
S.Y.B.A. / 204
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) -.+.- -+ ++. - -+ . + +.'+.-. '+. + +...
,) '+'+.-. +.-. + ++.+++.+ +. -. -. -+. +-+ +
+.'+ .
,,) +.++.+.-. . -. ++. .
S-2 Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of all the previous Talas ,+.-)
prescribed for Practical (G-1, G-2, G-3) in various
Layakaris ,-+..).
2. Showing difference between :
,-) ;+.- - +.-. ,) --. ++..
,,) ; -. -.. ,) ',.+. +..
,) - + ++-.. ,.) + +. -+.
,) - u-. + +-.'+.; .
3. Topics for essays :
,-) +.- + -.-. . -. -... - + .
,) ++-. +.+.-. ..
,,) - + + ++-. . . +.-. +.- ++ + +. .
,) ++-. +.+.+.- '+.. - .-+.
,) - +.+.+ +.-.- -.+.
S.Y.B.A. / 205
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) +.-.- +. + -.- .-+. +-+ +.'+ .
,) -.+.- -+ +.-. . . +. -. '+. + +...
S-3 Special Paper II
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Short notes on :
,-) .-+.. ,) ~+.++. ,,) '+ .. ,) ',.+..
2. Topics for essays :
,-) -. ++-. +. '.+.+.
,) -. +.'++ .. +. - . e'+ --+.
,,) .++.+ +.-.-. . ++. + - -.
,) - +.+.+ --.+ -.-. - '+'+.e +.- +..-...
3. Short accounts of the following artists to Tabla or
Pakhavaj ,++-. '+ +. u+.)
,-) -. .. -. -.+e ,-. ..+.).
,) -~.-+ u. -.-. + ++.
,,) .. - + +u. '-+.
,) .. '-. + u. -. + ,',.).
,) + . +.+.-. + .+- .
S.Y.B.A. / 206
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) -++ - ,-. -. ++-.) +.+.+ '+. + +...
,) +.++.++ -.-. -. +.-. '+. + .+. :..
S-4 Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Knowledge of the following topics :
,-) +.--+ - ~.+.+ ~-.-. +. :..
,) '+.; + -+ .- .+..
,,) ++. + -. - .+..
,) '- -. +.-. +. -. '++- -. -.- .- + - u- '+ +. -. .
+++ + '-' .
2. Short notes on :
,-) '+ .. ,) -.+ . ,,) +. ++.. ,) +.-. ,) +-.
,.) - u. ,) .. ,) +. ,) + :.
3. Short accounts of the contribution of the following
artists to Tabla or Pakhvaj ,++-. '++. u+.).
,-) -+. . -+ -.-. ,) .. ~.+. - + u. ,-u+. ).
,,) + . +.e ~.; -+-.+. ,) .. ;.+. - + u. .
,) + . +. '+ .+ +-. +.
Practical
(40 marks)
,-) '+'+.-. +.-. + ++.+++.+ +. -. + +- + -
+++ + +.'+ .
,) ++-. -. -. +.+.
S.Y.B.A. / 207
G-3 (20) (c) Vocal Light Music
(General)
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
( i ) Stage-Songs in the following Ragas :
,-) '+- +. ,) -+.. ,,) '+-++.-. ~.'
,) '+.+.
( ii) Following Talas with their Theka-Bols ,. +. +. -)
,-) ~+. . +.. ,) '-+.-. ,,) ... ,) +
|++.-.
,) ;+.-. ,.) .- .. ,) -.e..
2. Detailed theoretical description of the Raga as
mentioned above.
3. Definitions of the following technical terms :
,-) +.- ,.-.). ,) +... ,,) - +... ,) +.+.
,) +. -+.+. ,.) + . ,) .-. ,) + . ,) ~ .. ,-)
+.+. ,--) +.+. ,-) +-.+ +. ,-,) + .-. ,-) ~--+.
,-) +-+.
4. Writing of Raga-Vistar ,.+'+-+.) of the Ragas
mentioned above.
5. Short accounts of the contribution of the following
artists to state and light music :
,-) + . + .+.+ ~. -- . ,) + . e. :. + + .
,,) -.-: .+.+. - + .+. ,) .-+. +.. .-.
S.Y.B.A. / 208
Practical
(40 marks)
Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reproduce Swaras ,-+). Ragas
,.+) and Songs heard on the spot.
( ii) Sing least one stage-song in each of the following
Ragas with Alap and Tana ,+.+.).
,-) '+- +. ,) -+.. ,,) '+-++.-. ~.'
,) '+.+.
(iii) Know and recite the Theka-Bols ,. +. +. -) of the
Talas ,+.-) studied uptil now, while Tabla is being
played.
(iv) Sing Raga-Vistar ,.+'+-+.) of the Ragas
mentioned above.
( v) Recognize the Ragas from the Swar-Samoohas
,-+-- ) sung (or played) by the examiner.
(vi) Sing traditional Abhangas ,. '+ ~~ +).
Devotional songs , ~' +++. + ) . Folk-song
,-.++.+). Samooha-Geet ,-- +.+) and Bhavgeet
,~.++.+).
(vii) Explain the similarities and differences between
the Samprakriti Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+) prescribed
for Semester I and II of G-1 and G-2.
S.Y.B.A. / 209
G-4 Semester IV
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
( i ) The Stage-Songs in the following Ragas :
,-) u-.. ,) -.-+ -. ,,) -. +. ,) . + ..
( ii) The Talas ,+.-) studied uptil now.
2. Detailed theoretial description of the Ragas mentioned
above.
3. Writing of the Raga-Vistar ,.+'+-+.) of the Ragas
mentioned above.
4. Similarities and differences between the Samaprakriti
Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+) prescribed for Semester I and II
of G-1 and G-2.
5. Topics for essays :
,-) -'-+ - +.+.+.- +.+.+. + -. -. + '.: .
,) -+- u+ +. + '+-. .. +.
,,) +.:- +.+ + '-+ - +.+.
,) -+ -.-. +.-. '-+ - +.+ .-+ '. +.
,) -.; ~.+-+ - +.+'. +.
Practical
(40 marks)
Ability to :
( i ) Recognize and reproduce - Swaras ,-+). Ragas
,.+) and songs heard on the spot.
( ii) Sing at least one Stage-Song ,+.:- +.+) in each of
the following Ragas, with Alap ,~.-.) and Tana
,+.+.)
,-) u-.. ,) -.-+ -. ,,) -. +. ,) . + ..
S.Y.B.A. / 210
(iii) Know and recite the Theka-Bols ,. +. +. -) of the
Talas ,+.-) studied uptil now, while Tabla is being
played.
(iv) Sing Raga-Vistar ,.+ '+-+.) of the Ragas ,.+)
mentioned above.
( v) Recognize the Ragas from the Swar-Samoohas
,-+-- ) sung (or played) by the examiner.
(vi) Sing Traditional Abhangas ,. '+ ~~ +).
Devotional Songs ,~'+ +.+ ) and Bhavgeets
,~.++.+ ).
(vii) Explain the similarities and differences between
the Samprakriti Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+).
S-1 Special Paper I
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of
(a) The stage-songs ,+.:+.+ ) from the following
Ragas :
,-) '.. ,) -+.. ,,) -. . +.. ,) ~ .
(b) The following Talas ,+.-)
,-) .- .. ,) '-+.-. ,,) ;+.-. ,) ~+. . +..
,) ... ,.) -+. ,) ++.-. . +.. ,) -.e..
,) + +.. ,-) + |++.-.
2. Detailed theoretical description of the Ragas mentioned
above.
3. Short accounts of the contribution of the following
artists to stage and film-music :
,-) + . ~..+ +. -.:+. ,) .. - . +-+ .
,,) + . +.+ .+ .+. ,) + . . + -.e+.
,) + . +- + -.; .
S.Y.B.A. / 211
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Singing (or playing) one stage-song in each of the
following Ragas :
,-) '.. ,) -+.. ,,) -. . +.. ,) ~ .
2. Explain the similarities and differences between the
Samaprakriti-Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+) studied uptil now.
3. Ability to recognize the Talas ,+.-) prescribed, while
Tabla is being played (All the talas prescribed for light
Music).
S-2 Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
(a) Stage-Songs ,+.:+.+ ) from the following Ragas :
,-) - --.. ,) .-+-.. ,,) '-.--..
,) . +-..
(b) The following Talas ,+.-) :
,-) .- .. ,) '-+.-. ,,) ;+.-. ,) ~+. . +..
,) ... ,.) -+. ,) ++.-. . +.. ,) -.e..
,) + +.. ,-) + |++.-.
2. Detailed theoretical description of the Ragas mentioned
above.
3. Short accounts of the contribution of the following
artists to stage and film-music :
,-) + . +. '+ .+ : + ,) .. +:+ +. .+ -.+ .
,,) + . ~.-++ +. +u- . ,) -+. - + .
,) -+. -- +.. ,.) .. ~.-- .+.
S.Y.B.A. / 212
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Singing (or playing) one stage-song ,+.:+.+) in each
of the following Ragas :
,-) - --.. ,) .-+-.. ,,) '-.--.. ,) .
+-..
2. Explain the similarities and differences between the
Samaprakriti Ragas ,--.+ '+ .+) studied uptil now.
3. Ability to recognize the Talas ,+.-) prescribed, while
Tabla is being played. (All the Talas prescribed for
light Music).
S-3 Semester IV Special Paper II
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 Marks)
1. Notation writing of :
(a) The Stage-Songs ,+.:+.+ ) from the following
Ragas :
,-) ' -. -. ,) + .. ,,) -.+.. ,) ~.-.+..
(b) Writing of Swar-Vistar ,-+ '+-+.) of the Ragas
mentioned above.
2. Topics for essays :
,-) ~.++. - - +.+.+.- -.+.
,) +. -:.+.- + +.:+.+.- - +.+.
,,) ~+. - +.+.
3. General knowledge of the following topics :
,-) +. - +.+.
,) ~.++.+ +.+.
,,) '-+ - +.+.
S.Y.B.A. / 213
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Singing (or playing) one Abhang ,~~ +) or Devotional
song ,~'++.+) from the following Ragas :
,-) ' -. -. ,) + .. ,,) -.+.. ,) ~.-.+..
2. Ability to sing Bhavgeet ,~.++.+). Flok-Song ,-.++.+).
Arya ,~.. ). Nandi ,+. .). Fatka ,+:+.). Saki ,-.+.).
Dindi ,' -.).
3. Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikrit Swaras ,.
'++ + -+). Ragas ,.+) or songs heard on the spot.
S-4 Semester IV
Theory
(Time 2 hours : 60 marks)
1. Notation writing of :
(a) Swar-Vistar ,-+ '+-+.) of the following Ragas :
,-) ' -. -. ,) e..+:. ,,) +.. +.+-..
,) - + +..
(b) Stage-Songs from the Ragas mentioned above.
2. Topics for essays :
,-) - + -+ - +.+.-. .- u ~ + .
,) -. +- +.+.-. '++.-.
,,) +. . +~ -.+.- - +.+.
,) - +-.- + +~ -.+- +. .
3. General knowledge of the following topics :
,-) ~'~++.+ (Action songs).
,) ~. '++ - +.+.
,,) - +- - +.+.-... .. +.+ .. +.-+.: + -. -.
-.'+..
,) -+.+ +.+ + .: +.+.
S.Y.B.A. / 214
Practical
(40 marks)
1. Singing (or playing) one Traditional Abhang ,. '+
~~ +) and Devotional Song ,~'++.+) from the following
Ragas :
,-) ' -. -. ,) e..+:. ,,) +.. +.+-.. ,) - + +..
2. Ability to sing Bhavgeet ,~.++.+). Folk-Song ,-.++.+).
Dindi ,' -.). Nandi ,+. .). Samooha-Geet ,-- +.+) and
Sanchalan Geet ,- -.-+ +.+).
3. Recognize and reproduce Shuddha-Vikrit Swaras ,.
'++ + -+). Ragas ,.+) or songs heard on the spot.
S.Y.B.A. / 215
(21) Ancient Indian History,
Culture and Archaeology
General Paper :
Outline of Political, Social and Economic Institution
1. Source of Ancient Indian Policy
2. State
3. Kingship
4. Ministry
5. Sabha-Samiti
6. Republics
7. Judiciary
8. Inter-State Relations
9. Varna and Ashrama SystemCastes Family life
10. Sacraments (Samskaras)
11. Position of Women
12. Education
13. Economic Organizations and Practices
14. Trade and Commerce
15. Foreign Trade
16. Ancient Coins.
Reference Books
1. State and Government in Ancient IndiaA. S. Altekar.
2. Hindu PolicyK. P. Jayaswal.
3. Some Aspects of Ancient Hindu PolicyD. R.
Bhandarkar.
4. The History and Culture of the Indian People(Vols.
I to IV) Ed. R. C. Mujumdar.
5. Cultural History of Ancient Indian (Ancient Indian
Social and Political Institutions)P. S. Joshi.
S.Y.B.A. / 216
.. ..-.+ ~.+. .+.+. . . + +- .
. ..-.+ ~.+. '+-.. - -+- |-. + . +.+ + .
8. Position of Women in Ancient IndiaA. S. Altekar.
9. Education in Ancient IndiaA. S. Altekar.
10. Hindu Social OrganizationPandharinath Prabhu.
--. ~.+. --.+-. |-. .. + -+. .
-. ..-.+ ~.+. .+. + -.-.'+ - +:+. -.+ +..e.+.
+.++ '~- . +...+ ~+ .
Special Paper I :
Introduction to Archaeology
1. Palaeolithic Cultures
2. Mesolithic Cultures
3. Neolithic Cultures
4. Bronze Age
5. Evolution of Man
6. Indian Archeology :
Indus civilization, Chalcolithic Cultures of Maharashtra.
Special Paper II :
1. Indian Art-Orgin and development of Stupa
Architecture, Temple styles-brick Architecture-
Evolution of Indian Sculpture-Indian Painting.
2. Indian Numisamatics and Epigraphy :
Origin and Development of Coinage in India
Importance of the study of coinage-Coinage of foreign
Rulers, Gupta coinage.
Origin and development of writing in India
Development of Brahim Ashokan Implications.
S.Y.B.A. / 217
Books for Paper I
1. Introduction to Indian ArtV. S. Agarwal.
. ..-.+ ~.+. +-.-. .. -.: .
,. ..-.+ ~.+. +.+..---. . -. + . +e.+.
. .'~- u '+:.-. . .. ~+. +. u- .
Books Recommended
Paper I :
1. H. D. Sankalia, 1978, Prehistory in India, Munshiram
Manoharlal, New Delhi.
2. H. D. Sankalia, 1964 : Stone Age Tools, Deccan
College, Pune.
3. B. and R. Allchin, 1968 : Birth of Indian Civilization,
Penguin Books.
. -. . -. + . +e.+ .+-+'+:..
. .. . ~.. + .+-+'+:.. -..: '+:... + '+'- +.
- -e. +.+ .
.. .. . ~.. + |+ .+-+. --.-. -+. - +; -... +
- + .-. - +; .
. ..+. + +-. ~.+. ..+ '+.-. ;-..+..
8. H. D. Sankalia, 1968 : Prehistoric Art.
. |-. + . +. e +.++ -. +. -. '-.--. ~.' - -+ '+
, +. ). +.+ .
S.Y.B.A. / 218
Books Recommended
Paper II
-. .. . ~.. + ~.+. .+-+.
2. Sir Mortimar Wheeler, 1966Civilization of Indus
Valley and Beyond, Thames and Hudson.
3. H. D. Sankalia, 1978Prehistory in India, Munshiram
Manoharlal, New Delhi.
4. B. and R. Allchin, 1968Birth of Indus Civilization,
Penguin Bookers.
S.Y.B.A. / 219
(22) Economics
REVISED SYLLABUS FOR S.Y.B.A.
(FROM JUNE 2003)
ECONOMICS - General Paper - 2
G:2 MONEY, BANKING AND PUBLIC FINANCE
(Revised Course)
PREAMBLE :
Money, banking and public finance constitutes
important components towards understanding of economics.
A clear understanding of the operations of money and banking
and their interaction with the rest of the economy is essential
to realize how monetary forces operate through a multitude
of channelsmarket, nonmarket, institutions and, among
others, the state, In modern times, the activities of State have
considerably increased and the theoretical understanding of
differnt State activities through the budgetary mechanism is
essential. Accordingly, the Paper on Money, Banking and
Public Finance is an optimal integration of monetary theory,
banking institutions and government which combines with
itself a systematic discussion of the theory, institutions and
policy with special reference to Indian.
LECTURES :
SECTION - I
1. Basic Concepts :
1.1 Money - Meaning, Evolution of Money.
1.2 Functions and classification.
[06]
2. Value of Money and Inflation :
2.1 Price Index - Meaning - Uses - Limitations.
S.Y.B.A. / 220
2.2 Value of Money - Quantity Theory of Money - Cash
Balance approach.
2.3 Inflation - Meaning, Types, Demand - Pull Inflation,
Cost-Push Inflation. Causes and effects of Inflation,
measures to control.
2.4 Deflation - meaning and effects. [14]
3. Commercial Banking :
3.1 Functions of Commercial Banking. The process of
Credit Creation and limitation.
3.2 Principal of Banking-Liquidity, Profitability, safety.
3.3 Progress and evaluation of commercial baking in India
after nationalization.
3.4 Reforms in banking sector in India since 1991.
[14]
4. Central Banking :
4.1 Functions of central Baking.
4.2 Methods of credit control - Quantitative and Qualitative.
4.3 Reserve Bank of India - Functions.
4.4 Monetary Policy - Meaning and Objectives - RBI's
monetary policy since 1991. [14]
Total : 48
SECTION II
5. Public Finance :
5.1 Meaning, Nature & Scope of Public Finance
5.2 Distinction between Private and Public Finance.
5.3 The Principal of maximum social advantage
(Daltan's approach). [08]
S.Y.B.A. / 221
6. Public Expenditure :
6.1 Meaning, classification and Principal of Public
Expenditure.
6.2 Trends in Public Expenditure in India.
6.3 Causes of growth of Public expenditure in India.
[08]
7. Taxation :
7.1 Taxation-meaning, Canons and classification.
7.2 Division of Tax burden-benefit and ability-to-pay
approach-concept of Impact, Shifting and incidence of
a tax.
7.3 Taxable Capacity - Concept, factors determinig taxable
capacity.
7.4 Effects of taxation on production - distribution and
employment.
7.5 Major Trends in tax revenue of the central Govt. of
India. [20]
8. Public Debt and Financial Administration :
8.1 Public Debt-Meaning. Internal and extenral Public Debt.
8.2 Effects of Public Debt, Growth of India's Public Debt,
Repayment of Public Debt.
8.3 Public budget-Meaning and nature, Preparation of
Central Budget, Concept of balanced surplus and Deficit
budget, Concepts of revenue, fiscal and Primary Deficit.
[12]
Total : 48
S.Y.B.A. / 222
Basic Reading List
- Ackley. G. (1978), Macroeconomics : Theory and
Policy, Macmillan Publishing Co., New York.
- Bhargava, R. N. (1971), The Theory and Working of
Union Finance in India. Chaitanya Publishing House,
Allabhad.
- Gupta, S. B. (1994), Monetary Economic, S. Chand &
Company, New Delhi.
- Houghton, E. W. (Ed.) (1988), Public Finance, Penguin,
Baltimore.
- Jha, R. (1998), Modern Public Economics, Routledge,
London.
- Mithani, D. M. (1981), Macroeconomic Analysis and
Policy, Oxford & IBH, New Delhi.
- Mithani, D. M. (1998), Modern Public Finance,
Himalaya Publishing House. Mumbai.
- Musgrave, R. A. and P. B. Musgrave (1976), Public
Finance in Theory and Practice, McGraw Hill,
Kogakusha, Tokyo.
- Shapiro. E. (1996), Macroeconomic Analysis, Galgotia
Publications, New Delhi.
- Day, A. C. L. (1960), Outline of Monetary Economics,
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
- De Kock, M. H. (1960) Central Banking Staples Press,
London.
- Due, J. F. (1963), Government Finance, Irwin,
Homewood.
- Governement of India, Economic Survey (Annual), New
Delhi.
S.Y.B.A. / 223
- Harris, C. L. (1961), Money and Banking Allyn and
Bacon, Lodon.
- Herber B. P. (1976), Modern Public Finance, Richard
D. Irwin, Homewood.
- Laliwala, J. I. (1984), The Theory of Inflation, Vani
Educational Book. New Delhi.
- Mishra (1981), Money, Inflation and Economic Growth,
Oxford & IBH Publishing Company, New Delhi.
- Musgrave R. A. (1959), The Theory of Public Finance,
McGraw Hill, Kogakusha, Tokyo.
- Reserve Bank of India (1983), The Reserve Bank of
India : Funcitons and Working, Bombay.
- Reserve Bank and India, Rport on Trend and Progress
of Banking in India (various years), Mumbai.
- Reserve Bank India, Report on Currency and Finance
(Annual), Mumbai,
- Ayers, R. (1978), Modern Banking (7th Edition),
Oxford University Press, Delhi.
- Halm, G. N. (1955), Monetary Theory, Asia Publishing
House, New Delhi.
S.Y.B.A. / 224
ECONOMICS - SPECIAL PAPER - I
MICROECONOMICS
(Revised Course)
(FROM JUNE 2003)
PREAMBLE :
As a foundation course, in this paper, student is expected
to understand the behaviour of an economic agent, namely,
consumer, a producer, a factor owner and the price fluctuation
in a market. The approach of this paper is to study the
behaviour of a unit and analysis is generally static and in partial
equilibrium framework.
The Chapters incorporated in this paper deal with the
nature and scope of economics, the theory of consumer
behaviour, analysis of production funtion and equilibrium of
a producer, the price formation in different markets structures
and the equilibrium of a producer, the price formation in
differnet markets structures and the equilibrium of a firm and
industry. In addition, the principles of factor pricing and
commodity pricing as also the problems of investment and
welfare economics have been included.
LECTURERS
SECTION - I
1. Introduction :
1.1 Nature, Scope, Importance and Limitations of micro-
economics.
1.2 Methodology in Economics - Inductive and Deductive,
Static and Dynamic.
1.3 Basic Economic problems, role of Price mechanism.
[08]
S.Y.B.A. / 225
2. Consumer's behaviour :
2.1 Cardinal utility approach : Law of Diminishing Marginal
Utility - Law of Equimarginal utility; law demand -
changes in demand - Determinants of demand, Elasticity
of demand - Price, Income and Cross - elasticity of
demand - Measurement of price elasticity - Numerical
problems.
2.2 Ordinal utility approach : Indifference curve
Properties, Consumers equilibrium, price, income and
substitution effects. [20]
3. Theory of Production and Cost :
3.1 Production Fucntion - Iso-quant, Law of variable
Proportions, Returns to scale.
3.2 Economics of Scale - Internal and External.
3.3 Revenue and cost concepts - Numerical Problems.
3.4 Supply - Determinants of supply - Law of Supply,
Elasticity of supply Numerical problems. [20]
Total : 48
SECTTION - II
4. Market Structure :
4.1 Perfect competition - Features, Price determination,short
run and long-run equilibrium of a firm and industry.
4.2 Monopoly - types, price and output determination, Price
discrimination Monopolistic competition - Features,
equilibrium of a firm, group equilibrium, selling cost,
Excess capacity.
4.3 Oligopoly - features. [22]
5. Factor Pricing
5.1 Marginal Productivity theory of distribution.
5.2 Wage - marginal Productivity theory of wages, and
collective bargaining wage.
S.Y.B.A. / 226
5.3 Rent - Ricardian theory of rent, modern theory of rent.
5.4 Interest : Classical and Keynesian theory.
5.5 Profit : Gross and net profit, Risk and uncertainty theory,
Innovation theory. [22]
6. Economic : Welfare - Cocnept and measurement of
welfare. [06]
Total : 48
Basic reading list
- Bach, G. L. (1977), Economics, Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi.
- Domnik Salvatore (1992), Microeconomic Theory
International edition Scheme's Outline series
- Gauld, J. P. and Edward P. L. (1996), Microeconomic
Theory, Richard, Irwin, Homewood.
- Henderson J. and RE. Quandt (1980), Microeconomic
Theory : A Mathematical Approach, McGraw Hill, New
Delhi.
- Heathfield and Wibe (1987), An Introduction to Cost
and Production Functions, Macmillan. London.
- Koutsoyiannis, A. (1990), Modern Microeconomics,
Macmillan.
- Lipsey, R. G. and KA Chrystai (1999), Principles of
Economics (9th Edition), Oxford University Press,
Oxford.
- Mansfield, E. (1997), Microeconomics (9th Edition),
W. W. Norton and Company, New Yourk.
- Ray, N. C. (1975), An Introduciton to Microeconomics,
Macmillan Company of India Ltd., Delhi.
S.Y.B.A. / 227
- Rayn, W. J. L. (1962), Price Theory, Macmillan and
Co. Limited, London.
- Samuelson, P. A. and W. O. Nordhaus (1998),
Economics, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
- Stonier, AW and D. C. Hague (1972), A Textbook of
Economic Theory, ELBS & Longman Group, London.
- Varian, H. R. (2000), Intermediate Microeconomics :
A Modern Approach (5th Edition), East West Press,
New Delhi.
S.Y.B.A. / 228
ECONOMICS - SPECIAL PAPER - 2
S : 2 : MACRO-ECONOMICS (Revised Course)
(FROM JUNE 2003)
PEAMBLE :
On account of the growing influence and involvement
of the state in economic fields, macroeconomics has become
a major area of economic analysis in terms of theoretical,
empirical as well as policy-making issues. Macroeconomics
has an extensive, substantive as well as methodological
content. It deals with the functioning of the economy as a
whole, including how the economy's total output of goods
and services and employment of resources is determined and
what causes these totals to fluctuate. The canvass of the study
is the whole rather than the part because what is true of parts
is not necessarily true of the whole.
The paper entitled "Macroeconomics" is designed to
make undergraduate student aware of the basic theoretical
framework underlying the field of macroeconoics.
SECTION - I
LECTURES
1. Introduction :
1.1 Macro-economics - meaning, nature and scope.
1.2 Importance and limitations of macro-economics. [06]
2. National Income :
2.1 Concepts - GDP and NDP, GNP and NNP, income at
factor cost and market price (current and constant
prices), personal Income, Disposable and percapita
Income.
2.2 Measurement of National Income - Methods and
problems. [18]
S.Y.B.A. / 229
3. Output and Employment :
3.1 Say's law of market - Classical theory of employment-
Criticism by Keynes.
3.2 Keynesian theory of Employment - Principle of
Effective demand, consumption Function, Average and
marginal propensity to consume, Factors influencing
consumption function, Numerical problems. [24]
TOTAL : 48
SECTION - II
4. Saving and Investment
4.1 Macro approach - Saving and investment, average and
marginal propensity to saving, Paradox of saving,
Numerical problems.
4.2 Theory of investment - Autonomuos and induced,
investment, marginal efficiency of capital, Investment
multiplier -concept and limitations, Numerical
problems.
4.3 Keynesian approach : saving and investment.
[20]
5. Trade Cycle
5.1 Nature and characteristics of Trade Cycle
5.2 Phases of Trade Cycle
5.3 Theories of Trade Cycle : Hautrey's monetary theory,
Hayek's over-investment theory
5.4 Keymes view on Trade Cycle
5.5 Control of Trade Cycle.
[16]
S.Y.B.A. / 230
6. Economic Growth
6.1 Meaning and Indicator's of Economic Growth
6.2 Sources of growth
6.3 Growth models - Harrod and Domar model, Neo-
classical growth models.
[12]
TOTAL : 48
BASIC READING LIST
- Ackley, G. (1976), Macroeconomics : Theory and
Policy, Macmillan Publishing
Company, New York.
- Ahuja HL (2002) Macroeconomics : Theory and Policy,
S. Chand & Co. Ltd., New Delhi.
- Day, A. C. L. (1960), Outline of Monetary Economics,
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
- Gupta, S. B. (1994), Monetary Economics, S. Chand
and Co., Delhi.
- Heijdra, B. J. and F. V. Ploeg (2001), Foundations of
Modern Macroeconomics, Oxford University Press,
Oxford.
- Lewis, M. K. and P. D. Mizan (2000), Monetary
Economics, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
- Shapiro, E. (1996), Macroeconomics Analysis, Galgotia
Publications, New Delhi.
- Dillard, D. (1960), The Economics of John Maynard
Keynes. Crossby Lockwood and Sons, London.
- Hanson, A. H. (1953), A Guide to Keynes, McGaw,
Hill, New York.
S.Y.B.A. / 231
Economics
(Revised Course)
1. Paper/Course No. : Economic General G2
2. Paper title : Macro Economic Problems and
Politics in India.
3. Objectives of the Paper/Course.
(a) To acquaint the student with the basic macro
economic problems in India.
(b) To develop the capability of problem analysis.
(c) To make the student aware of the policy
measures adopted to solve macro-economic
problems.
4. Contents of the paper :
Topic Content Lectures Weightage %
SECTION I
1. Labour Problems & Policies 28 30
2. Foreign Trade of India 20 20
SECTION II
3. Money 18 20
4. Money & Capital Market 10 10
in India
5. Banking 20 20
Total ... 96 100
(Detailed Syllabus)
S.Y.B.A. / 232
Economic (General) G-2
Revised Syllabus
Micro Economic Problems and Policies in India
Section I
1. Labour Problems and Policies :
Concept of human resource development (HRD).
Industrial peace and industrial unrest. Indian Trade Union
Movement, Characteristics and drawbacks.
Industrial disputes in India-Causes and Settlements.
National Wage Policy, Social Security Measures in India.
Problem of Unemployment in India.
2. Foreign Trade of India :
Composition and Direction of Indias Foreign Trade
since 1990. Indias Balance of Trade and Balance of
Payments since 1980. Import substitute on vs Export
promotion Exchange rate.
Devaluation and Foreign Exchange Reserves-Foreign
Trade Multiplier in India, Indias Foreign Trade Policy since
1991.
Section II
3. Money :
Money supply in India. Money supply and price level
in India since 1980. Indian Currency System today. Sources
of Board Money (M3), Factors effecting more, Supply in
India. Money supply and price level in India since 1980.
4. Money and Capital Markets in India :
Constituents of money market, Reforms in money
market Constituents of Indian capital market-Primary and
Secondary market. Development, growth and diversification
Capital Market Reforms- SEB.
S.Y.B.A. / 233
5. Working :
RBI. Functions and working, Monetary Policy of Rule
since 1990. Commercial Banks Progress of Commercial
Banking since 1969-Lead Bank Scheme. Banking Reforms
in India during 1980s - Financial Sector Reforms and
privatization of Banks. New developments in Banking
Sector.
Reference Books
1. Dutt and Sundaram : Indian Economy (S. Chand &
Co., N. Delhi, 1997) Chapters 43-47 & 45-53.
2. Agrawal A. N. : Indian Economy Problems of
Development and Planning (Wishwa Prakashan
New Delhi, Indian Economy) Chapters 34-37 &
44-47.
3. Misra & Puri : Problems of Indian Economy (Himalaya
Publishing House, Mumbai, 1997) Chapters 14, 24-27.
4. Tandon & Tondon : Indian Economy (Tata Mc Graw
Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.) New Delhi, 1997, Chapters
22-26.
5. Gupta S.B. : Monetary Economics (S. Chand & Co.
New Delhi, 1992).
6. Reserve Bank of India Buletins.
7. Reports on Currency and Finance.
ECONOMICS
1. Paper/Course No. : Economics (SPL S1)
2. Paper title : MICROECONOMICS.
3. Objectives of the Paper :
(1) To acquaint the students with advanced micro
economic theories.
(2) To develop the analyzing capability in applying
theories to real life situations.
S.Y.B.A. / 234
(3) To acquaint the students with the quantitative
techniques used in applied economics and
geometric presentation of graphs/diagrams.
4. Contents of the paper :
Topic Content Lectures Weightage %
SECTION I
1. Nature of Economic Analysis 05 10
2. Theory of Consumer Behaviour 18 20
3. Supply 05 10
4. Cost and Revenue Concepts 10
5. Forms of Market and Perfect 10 20
Competition
SECTION II
6. Imperfect Competition 20 20
7. Functional Distribution of 10 10
National Income
8. Rent
9. Wages
10. Interest 18 20
11. Profit
Total .. 96 100
S.Y.B.A. / 235
(Detailed Syllabus)
Economics (Special) S-1
(Revised Syllabus)
MICROECONOMICS
Section I
1. Nature of Economic Analysis : Microeconomic
analysis and macroeconomic analysis-meaning, nature and
scope of microeconomics - Basic Economic problems.
2. Theory of Economic Behaviour :
Concept of Utility - Limitations of Marginal Utility
Analysis, Determinants of Demand. The law of Demand.
Indifference curve Analysis - Properties of Indeference
curve, The price line, Consumers Equilibrium, Income Effect,
Substitution Effect and Price Effect, Elasticity of Demand-
Price, Income & Cross Elasticity of demand Measurement of
Price Elasticity, Significance of elasticity
Numerical problems.
3. Supply :
Determinants of Supply, Law of Supply, Elasticity of
Supply - Production Function - Law of Variable proportions
and Returns to scale. Numerical problems.
4. Cost and Revenue Concepts :
Opportunity cost, Private and social costs, Average,
Marginal and Total Costs, Fixed and variable costs, Short
and long run cost curves.
Average marginal and total Revenue.
Numerical Problems on cost and Revenue.
S.Y.B.A. / 236
5. Forms of Markets :
Perfect competition, Price determination under perfect
competition in market period, short and long period -
Equilibrium of firm and Industry under perfect competition
in short and long run.
Section II
6. Imperfect Competition - Monopoly, Meaning, Price
determination-Dumping-Monopolistic Competition-
Characteristics and Equilibrium of firm & Group equilibrium,
product differentiation and selling costs.
Oligopoly - Concept and characteristics.
7. Functional Distribution of National Product : Concept
of Marginal Physical Product and Marginal Revenue
Product. Numerical Problems on MPP and MRP.
8. Rent :
Ricardian Theory of Rent, Modern Theory of Rent.
9. Wages :
Nominal and Real Wages - Marginal Productivity
theory of wages Backward bending supply curve of labour.
10. Interest :
Loanable Funds Theory of Interest - Liquidity
Preference Theory of Interest.
11. Profit :
Innovation Theory of profit - Risk and Uncertainty.
Theory of profit.
S.Y.B.A. / 237
Reference Books
1. Lipsey R.G. : An Introduction to positive Economics,
ELBS, London, Latest edition (Relevant Chapters only).
2. Lipsey R.G. & Stilwell A.J. : Study Guide and
Workbook on an Introduction to positive Economics,
ELBS, London, Latest edition (Relevant Edition to no. 1).
3. Samuelson P.A. : Economics (Latest edition).
4. Lipsey, Richard G. & Hurbury Colin : First principles
of Economics, ELBS, London, 2nd edition, 1992,
Chapters 1, 2 & 4-17.
5. Curzon L.B. : An Introduction to EconomicsA work-
book study Guide, ELBS, London,1977, Chapters 1-
15.
6. Billas & Wallace : Problems in Microeconomics, Tata
Mc Graw Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi.
7. Domnik Salvatore : Microeconomic Theory - Inter-
national Edition, Schemes Outline Series, 1992.
ECONOMICS
1. Paper/Course No. Economics (SPL) S2
2. Paper title : MICROECONOMICS.
3. Objectives of the Paper :
(1) To acquaint the student with advanced macro
economic theories.
(2) To develop the analyzing capability in applying
theories to real life situations.
(3) To acquaint the students with the quantitative
techniques used in applied economics and
geometric presentation of graphs / diagrams.
S.Y.B.A. / 238
4. Contents of the paper :
Topic Content Lectures Weightage %
SECTION I
1. Nature and Scope 05 05
Macroeconomics
2. National Income Concept 08 05
3. Circular flow of Income 10 10
4. Classical Theory of full 05 10
Employment & Keynesian theory
5. Consumption & Saving 10 10
Functions
6. Investment Function 00 10
SECTION II
7. Money 05 05
8. Supply of Money 15 20
9. Demand for Money 15
10. Trade Cycles 06 10
11. Inflation and Deflation 07 15
Total .. 96 100
S.Y.B.A. / 239
(Detailed Syllabus)
Economics (SPL) S2
Revised Syllabus
Section I
1. Nature and Scope of Macroeconomic Analysis :
Macroeconomic Variables-National Income. Concept of
Economic Production, General price level.
2. National Income : Concepts - GDP, GNP, NNP.
Distinction between Gross & Net National Product and
Domestic Product - National Product at Market Prices and
National Product at Factor Cost - Personal Income and
Disposal Income, National Income at Current Prices and
National Income at Constant Prices. National Income
Deflator.
National Income Estimates - Methods and difficulties
in estimation.
3. Circular Flow of Income :
(a) Circular Flow of Income between firms and
households in an Open Economy.
(b) Withdrawals and Injections in the circular flow :
Savings and Investments, Taxes and public
expenditure Imports and Exports-Conditions of
equilibrium level of income.
4. Classical Theory of full Employment - Its criticism
by Keynes. Keynesian Theory of Employment.
S.Y.B.A. / 240
5. Consumption and saving functions :
(a) Total, average and marginal propensity to
consume and save.
(b) Factors affecting consumption function.
(c) Multiplier.
6. Investment Function :
(a) Concept of Gross and Net Investment
Autonomous and Induced Investment - Invest-
ment in capital goods and in inventories-Capital
consumption (Depreciation).
(b) Acceleration Principle.
(c) Evaluation of an Investment Projectpresent
value of future flow of income.
Section II
7. Money :
(a) Nature Definition and Factors of Money.
(b) Money and Near Money.
8. Supply of Money :
(a) Concept - M 1 and M 3.
(b) Role of Commercial Banks in creation of deposit
money.
(c) Credit control by Central Bank.
9. Demand for Money :
(a) Fishers Quantity Theory of Money.
(b) Cash balance Approach of Cambridge School.
Marshall, Pigou, Robertson and Keynes.
S.Y.B.A. / 241
10. Trade Cycles :
(a) Meaning Characteristics and Phases of Trade
Cycles.
(b) Theories of Trade Cycle : Hawtray and Schumpeter.
11. Inflation and Deflation :
(a) Meaning and Types of Inflation - Demand Pull
and Cost Push Inflation - Causes.
(b) Deflation - Meaning.
(c) Effects of Inflation and Deflation on - Produc-
tion, Distribution, Saving and Investments.
(d) Philips Curve - Stagflation.
Reference Books
1. Lipsey R.G. : An Introduction to positive Economics.
ELBS, London, Latest Edition (Relevant Chapters
only).
2. Lipsey R.G. & Stilwell A.J. : Study Guide and Work-
book on An Introduction to positive Economics, ELBS,
London, Latest Edition (Relevant Edition to no. 1).
3. Samuelson P.A. : Economics, Latest Edition.
4. Lipsey, Richard G. & Harbury Colin. First Principles
of Economics, ELBS, London, 2nd edition, 1992,
Chapetrs 22-31.
5. Curzon L.B. : An Introduction to Economics - A work-
book and study guide, ELBS, London, 1977, Chapters
5-7.
6. Harvey and Johnson : Introduction to Macroeconomics.
7. Domnik Salvatore : Macroeconomic Theory - Inter-
national Edition, Schaums Outline Series, 1992.
S.Y.B.A. / 242
(23) Politics
S. Y. B. A. General Paper - II
POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES
Section I
Chapter 1 : Nationalism
(a) Mcaning and Definition
(b) Elements of Nationalism
(c) Progressive and Reactionary Nationalism
(d) World Community and Internationalism
Chapter 2 : Democratic Socialism
(a) Democracy - Democratics Socialism -
Meaning and Nature
(b) Features of Democratic Socialism
(c) Achievements and limitations
Chapter 3 : Marxism
(a) Dialectical Materialism - Historical
Materialism
(b) Class Struggle - Theory of Surplus Value
(c) Socialist Revolution and Withering away of
the State.
Section II
Chapter 4 : Fascism and Nazism
(a) Factors Responsible for Rise of Fascism and
Nazism
(b) Features of Fascism and Nazism
(c) Concept of corporate State and Role of Force
S.Y.B.A. / 243
Chapter 5 : Anarchism
(a) Meaning and Features
(b) Views of Tolstory
(c) Views of Kropotkin
Chapter 6 : Gandhism
(a) Satya, Ahimsa and Satyagraha
(b) Concept of Self-sufficient Village, Ramrajya
Trusteeship
(c) Relevance of Gandhism Today.
Readings
1. Henry D. Aiken, The Age of Ideology, Mentor,
New York
2. Ralph Miliband, Marxism and Politics OUP, 1977
3. Francis Fukuyama, The End of History and the last Man,
Penguins, 1992
4. M. J. Sandel, Liberalism and its critics OUP, 1984.
5. H. J. Laski, The Rise of European Liberalism, George
Allen and Unwin, 1967
6. Political Philosophy : An Introduction, Jean Hampton,
OUP, 1998
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S.Y.B.A. / 244
S.Y. B. A. Politics - General Paper - II (Optional)
GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS OF UK AND USA
Section I
United Kingdom
Chapter 1 : Constitution of United Kingdom
(a) Historical Background
(b) Salient Features
(c) Conventions in the Constitution
Chapter 2 : Parliamentary System
(a) Executive : King, Prime Minister, Council
of Ministers
(b) Legislature :
(i) House of Commons
(ii) House of Lords
(iii) Organization, Powers, Functions and
Role
(c) Privy Council - Role of Judiciary
Chapter 3 : Party System in United Kingdom.
Section II
United States of America
Chapter 4 : Constitution of United State of America
(a) Historical Background
(b) Salient Features
(c) Amendment Procedure of the Constitution
(d) Fundamental Rights
S.Y.B.A. / 245
Chapter 5 : Federal System : Features
Chapter 6 : Presidential System :
(a) Executive : President - Powers, Functions and
Role
(b) Legislature (i) House of Representative
(ii) Senate
Organizations, Powers, Functions and Role :
(c) Judiciary i) Powers and Functions
ii) Judicial Review
(d) Checks and Balances
Chapter 7 : Party System in U. S. A.
Reading
1. Bhagwan/Bhushan : World Constitutions, Sterling
Publishers, New Delhi.
2. Johari J. D : Major Modern Political System, Sterling,
Delhi.
3. G. Almond : Comparative Politics Today, A World
Views, Harper/Collins, 2000.
4. SF. Finer : Comparative Government, Penguin, 1974.
5. J. Blondel : An Introduction to Comparative
Government, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London.
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11. - .- e..+ ~.' .+ + - - + ~- '+ -. ..-++-..
'+.-. .+..+. .
S.Y.B.A. / 246
POLITICS - SPECIAL PAPER - I
AN INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Section I
1. Definition, Nature and Scope of Politicl Sociology
2. Intellectual Foundation of Political Sociology a) Marx
b) Max Weber c) Behavioural Approach
3. Political Culture.
Section II
4. Political Socialization
5. Political Ideology
6. Political Participation
7. Political Chage, Political Development.
Readings
1. Rush M. and P. Althof : An Introduction to Poitical
Sociology, Flecher, London.
2. Varma S. P.: Modern Political Theory, Vikas
Publication, New Delhi.
3. Bottomere T. B. : Political Sociology, B1 Publication,
Bombay.
4. Nash Kate : Contemporary Political Sociology,
Blackwell Publishers, UK.
5. Coser Lewis (ed.) Political Sociology, Selected Essays,
Harper and Row, New York, 1967.
6. Wasburn P. C.: Politics and Society, Prentice Hall, 1982.
7. -. . ~.. -. ~. e .+. '-.+ ~.' '+-- +. ' e.
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. -.
9. ... +.. . ;+.-. ~.' ... .'+ .+. --...--.
10. .. +. . ++.++. .+. --...--.
S.Y.B.A. / 247
S. Y. B. A
Politics - Special Paper - II
WESTERN POLITICAL THINKERS
Section I
Chapter 1 : Plato
(a) Concept of Justice
(b) Ideal State and Philosopher King
(c) Views on System of Education
Chapter 2 : Aristotle
(a) Nature of State and Classification of States
(b) Views on Slavery
(c) Views on Revolution
Chapter 3 : Machievelli
(a) Views on Human Nature
(b) Views on Religion and Morality
(c) Views on State and Classification of State.
Section II
Chapter 4 : Hobbes
(a) Human Nature and State of Nature
(b) Views on Natural Rights
(c) Social Contract Theory
Chapter 5 : Locke
(a) Human Nature and State of Nature
(b) Views on Natural Rights
(c) Social Contract Theory
S.Y.B.A. / 248
Chapter 6 : Rousseau
(a) State of Nature
(b) Concept of General Will
(c) Social Contract Theory
Chapter 7 : I. S. Mill
(a) Thoughts on Liberty
(b) Views on Utilitarianism
(c) Views on Representative Government.
Readings
1. Sabine G. H. : A History of Political Theory, IBH
Calcutta
2. Sudha J. P. and Satish Kumar : History of
PoliticalThought, 2 Vols.
3. Jain : Western Political Thoughti Sheth Publishers,
Mumbai.
4. Sinclair T. A. : A History of Greek Political Theory,
Routledge and MK Kegan Paul, London.
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9. ~.-+ --- ~. e .'.-.- ~.' ~.+. .+. '+-.+ +.
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S.Y.B.A. / 249
Politics
General Paper IIGovernment and Politics of Indian
Republic.
OR
Government of U.K. and U.S.A.
Special Paper IInternational Politics Since World War II.
Special Paper IIModern Political Thinkers (Western and
Indian).
1. Politics General Paper II :
Government and Politics of Indian Republic.
1. Constitution :
(i) Making of the constitution.
(ii) Preamble to the constitution.
(iii) Salient features of the constitution.
(iv) Amendments to the constitutions :
(a) Procedure.
(b) Important amendments 1, 4, 25, 31, 42,
44, 73.
2. Fundamental Rights, Duties and Directive Principles
of State Policy.
3. (a) Parliamentary Government in India :
(i) Nature of Parliamentary Government.
(ii) Union Executive.
(iii) Rajyasabha and Loksabhatheir Organiza-
tion, functions and role.
(b) Parliamentary system in the states : Executive
and Legislature.
(c) Composition, powers and functions of Supreme
and High Court.
S.Y.B.A. / 250
4. Federal Politics in India :
(i) Nature of Indian Federation.
(ii) Centre-State Relations.
5. Political Parties in India :
(i) National Parties.
(ii) Regional Parties.
6. Electoral Process in India :
(i) Election Commission.
(ii) Electoral Politics.
OR
GOVERNMENT OF U.K. AND U.S.A.
1. Historical background and features of constitutions of
U.K and U.S.A.
2. Civil Rights in U.K. and U.S.A.
3. (a) Unitary structure of government of U.K.
(b) Federal structure of government of U.S.A.
4. Role and Functions of Parliament and Congress.
5. Nature and Functions of Executive in U.K. and U.S.A.
6. Role and Powers of Judiciary in U.K. and U.S.A.
Recommended Books
1. Johari, J.C. : Major Modern Political Systems,
Sterling, Delhi.
. e..+. - .- ~.' - - + .+ + ~- '+ -. ..-+- -..
'+.-. .+..+. . -.
S.Y.B.A. / 251
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+.+ . -.
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. ... ,-. .) - -+. -.. - e --...--. - +-+. '-.
S.Y.B.A. / 252
Politics-Special
PAPER-I INTERNATIONAL POLITICS
SINCE WORLD WAR II
1. World Political Order :
(a) Causes of World War II.
(b) Consequences of World War II.
2. Cold War :
(a) Nature of the Cold War.
(b) Regional Security Treaties and Agreements.
(c) Armament Race and Disarmaments Movement.
3. Decline of Cold War and Fall of Communist Block:
(a) Detente.
(b) Gorbachav Era.
4. New International Economic Order :
(a) Economic Diplomacy.
(b) Globalization.
5. United-Nations Organization :
(a) Objects.
(b) Contribution.
6. India in International Politics :
(a) Non-Alignment Movement.
(b) Role of India in NonAlignment Movement.
(c) India and her NeighboursChina and Pakistan.
Recommended Books
1. Calvocoressi Peter : World Politics since 1945,
Longmans, London, 1989.
2. Dubey, Ramesh and Jain, B. M. : International
PoliticsTheory and Practice, Radha Publications,
New Delhi, 1996.
S.Y.B.A. / 253
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+.+ . -.
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~. +.+.. -.
S.Y.B.A. / 254
SPECIAL PAPER II
MODERN POLITICAL THINKERS
(WESTERN & INDIAN)
1. Machiavelli.
2. Locke.
3. Mill.
4. Marx.
5. Ranade.
6. Tilak.
7. Gandhi.
8. Ambedkar.
Recommended Books
1. Sabina G. H. : A History of Political Theory, IBH,
Calcutta, 1973.
2. Panthan Thomas and K. Deusch (eds.) : Modern Indian
Political Thought, Sage, New Delhi, 1986.
3. Sharma G. N. and Moin Shakir : Politics and Society,
Raja Rammohan Roy to Nehru, Parimal, Aurangabad,
1976.
4. Sudha J. P. and Satish Kumar : History of Political
Thought, 2 Vols, 1982.
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'+-.+ +. - '+-. .+..+. . -.
. + . '. +.. ~. '++ ~.+. .'+-+.. '-- .+..+.
~. +.+..
S.Y.B.A. / 255
(24) Sociology
(From June 1994)
General Paper II
Indian Social Problems. OR Introduction to Social
Welfare in India.
Special Paper ISociological Thought.
Special Paper IISocial Demography.
General Paper I : Indian Social Problems
Note : The scope of each problem shall cover :
(i) Meaning.
(ii) Its extent in India.
(iii) Its causes.
(iv) Its consequences.
(v) Measures and types to be taught only wherever
specified.
First Term : Lectures
1. Social Disorganization and Social Problems :
(a) Meaning and nature of Social Problems. 2
(b) Meaning and nature of Social Disorganization. 2
(c) Different approaches to Social Problem : 2
(i) Social Disorganization.
(ii) Personal deviation.
(iii) Conflict of values.
(d) Causes of Social disorganization and Social
Problem. (Refer G. R. Madan). 4=10
II. Problems of Life Cycle :
(a) Problems of Student unrest. 4
(b) Problems of Old age and dependency- 4
(Measures). =8
S.Y.B.A. / 256
III. Problems related to Marriage, Family and Women :
(a) Problem of Dowry-(Measures). 4
(b) Problem of Desertion and Divorce-(Measures). 5
(c) Prostitution-(Measures). 5=14
IV. Work as a Social Problem :
(a) Problem of unempolyment (Types). 5
(b) Problem of Child Labour-(Measures). 2
(c) Problem of Women Workers in Rural Urban
organized, unorganized sector. 2=9
Second Term
V. Problems of Deviance :
(a) Problem of Criminality. 4
(b) Juvenile Delinquency. 4
(c) Drug addiction. 2
(d) Alchoholism. 2
(e) White Collar Crime. 2

14

VI. Demographic Problem :

(a) Population explosion. 8
(b) Qualitative measures - Eugenics and
Euthenics. 2=10
VII. National Problems :
(a) Poverty. 5
(b) Illiteracy (Measures). 5
(c) Problem of Schedule Castes (Measures). 4
(d) Problems of Communalism concept, commu-
nalism in India, causes, measures (Refer Ram
Ahuja).

14

S.Y.B.A. / 257
Recommended Books
(1) Indian Social Problems G. R. Madan.
(2) Indian Social Disorganization and Social Problems-
C. B. Mamoria.
(3) Population Problem in India C. B. Mamoria.
(4) Social Problems in India Ram Ahuja, 1992 (Rawat
Publication, Jaipur).
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Reference Books
(1) Indian Economy Dutta & Sundaram.
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OR
Introduction to Social Welfare in India
First Term Lectures
I. (a) Concept of Social Welfare and Welfare State. 3
(b) Historical background of Social Welfare-Charity
to Planned Social Welfare. 4
(c) Concepts of Social Security, Social & Public
Service, Social Development. 5

12

II. Child Welfare

(a) Child Welfare ServicesLiteracy, Child Labour,
School, Health & Nutrition programmes. 4
(b) Adoption, Child guidance clinic. 4
(c) Physically handicapped and mentally retarded
Children. 4
S.Y.B.A. / 258
(d) Welfare Scheme and correctional methods, for
Juvenile Delinquents. 4
Probation, Borstal School, Remand Home,
(Sweekar Griha).

16

III. Womens Welfare :

(a) Legal aid. 3
(b) Maternity Services. 3
(c) Deserted Womens Problems. 3
(d) Women Labour Problems. 3

12

Second Term
IV. Labour Welfare :
(a) Wage Policy-Regulation. 2
(b) Medical benefits. 2
(c) Unemployment & Oldage benefits. 2
(d) Invalidity benefits. 2
(e) Family benefits. 2
(f) Welfare of Peasants. 2

12

V. Youth Welfare :
(a) Counselling & vocational guidance & Recreation. 3
(b) Self employment. 3
(c) Opportunity of occupations. 4

10

S.Y.B.A. / 259
VI. Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes and Other
Weaker Sections :
(a) Employment. 3
(b) Education. 3
(c) Reservation Policy & Protective discriminations. 3

VII. Social Welfare & Social Legislation :

(a) Indian Constitution & Measures for Egalitarian
Society. 2
(b) Directive Principles. 2
(c) Civil Code. 2
(d) Welfare Agencies : 2
(1) Governmental (2) Voluntary. 4
(41 periods)

12

Books
( 1 ) Social Welfare in India (Chugh Publications)Sumitra
Gupta, Allahabad, 1989.
( 2 ) Social Welfare in IndiaA. M. Muzumdar.
( 3 ) Some Aspects of Social DevelopmentM. S. Gore.
( 4 ) Handbook Welfare of Social WelfareDr. I. P.
Choudhary.
S.Y.B.A. / 260
Special Paper ISociological Thought
First Term : Periods
1. Development of Sociological Thought (Pages 1 to 13
from Sociological Theory by Timmascheff-2). 4
2. Auguste Comte :
(a) Methods of inquiry. 2
(b) The Law of Human Progress. 4
(c) Hierarchy of Sciences. 4
(d) Social Statics and Dynamics. 2

12

3. Herbert Spencer :
(a) Concept and theory of Social evolutiongrowth,
structure and differentiation. 3
(b) Social types, Simple and Compound, Militant
and Industrial. 3
(c) Functionalism. 1
(d) Individualism versus organismOrganismic
theory of society. 3
(e) Nonintervention and Survial of the fittest. 1
(f) Obstacles to objectivity. 1

12

4. Karl Marx :
(a) Historical Materialism. 4
(b) Theory of class and class conflict. 3
(c) Alienation. 1
S.Y.B.A. / 261
(d) The Sociology of knowledge. 1
(e) Dynamics of Social change. 3

12

Second Term :
1. Emile Durkheim :
(a) General approach-Definition of Sociology,
Theory of integration, division of labour-
Mechanical and organic solidarity. 4
(b) Individual and Society-types of sucides. 3
(c) The sociology of religion. 3
(d) The sociology of knowledge. 1
(e) Functional explanation. 1

12

2. Max Weber :
(a) Definition of Sociology and types of Social Action.3
(b) Natural Science, Social Science and Value
relevance. 2
(c) Methodology-Ideal, types, causality and
probability. 3
(d) Types of authority. 3
(e) Webers concept of stratification, class, status
and power. 2
(f) Bureaucracy, Rationalization and disenchant-
ment. 2
(g) His views on religion-Principles of Protestant
Ethics. 3

18

S.Y.B.A. / 262
3. Vilfred Pareto :
(a) Logical and non-logical actions. 2
(b) Residues and derivatives. 1
(c) Circulation of Elites. 3
(d) Lions and Foxes. 1
(e) Two types of non-logical theories. 1
(f) Subjective intensions and objective
consequence. 1
(g) Social Utility of and for collectivities. 1

10

Recommended Text Book

Lewis A. : Coser Masters of Sociological Thought.
Recommended Books
1. Timasheff N. A.: Sociological Theory.
2. Coser, Lewis A.: Master of Sociological Thought.
3. Aron Raymod : Main Current in Sociological Theory,
Vol. I & II.
4. Abraham and Morgan : Sociological Thought.
5. Fletcher K. : The Making of Sociology-Beginnings.
.. -. -. -.. . . --...--. '+-..
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. + -+. . .~.+ --...--. '+-.+ +.
S.Y.B.A. / 263
Social Demography S II
Special Paper II
No. of
Lectures
I. (a) Social Demography-its multi disciplinary nature
and scope. 4
(b) The relation between population and society-
a two-way process. 3
(c) Relevance of population study in Modern
Society. 3

10

II. Sources of demographic data and their individual

uses :
(a) Census : ( i ) Ancient and modern concept. 1
( ii) Characteristics of Indian Courses 1
(iii) Uses. 2
(b) Vital Registration System :
( i ) A brief history. 2
( ii) Vital events, vital records and vital
statistics. 2
(iii) Uses of vital events to the individual. 2

10

III. Basic Demographic concepts and population

processes :
(a) Fertility : ( i ) Definition, and distinction between
fertility, fecundity and sterility. 4
S.Y.B.A. / 264
( ii) Factors affecting fertility.
(iii) Fertility differentials.
(b) Mortility : ( i ) Causes of high Mortality. 4
( ii) Factors influencing decline in
mortality rates.
(iii) Mortality differentials.
(c) Migration : ( i ) Types of migration. 4
( ii) Push and Pull factors of
migration. 4

10

IV. Theories regarding population growth :

(a) Natural theories of population growth:
Sadler, Malthus. 4
(b) Social theories of population growth - K. Marx,
Elwin Cannan and Carr Saunders. 4

I. Structure and Characteristics of Indias Population:

(a) Socio-demographic characteristics of Indias
population. 2
(b) Trends of population growth in India since 1901
to 1991. 2
(c) Distribution and variations in tribal, rural and
urban populations. 2
(d) Religious groups in India-Their distribution and
differences in rates of growth. 2
S.Y.B.A. / 265
(e) Age and Sex composition of Indias population
and their social implications. 4
(f) Causes of high infant mortality and maternal
mortality rates in India. 3

15

II. Population Growth and Economic Development in

India :
(a) Effects of Population growth on economic
development. 3
(b) Effects of economic development on population
growth. 3
(c) Migration and its effect on Social structure-
Social composition imbalance in sex ratio and
age-groups, family structure and proliferation of
slums. 2

10

III. Population Policy and Family Welfare Programme

in India :
(a) Population Policy-meaning and types, features of
Indias population policy. 3
(b) The Family welfare programme in India-
Organizational structure, objective and functions
of Family Welfare Board. 4
S.Y.B.A. / 266
(c) Five-year plans and the different approaches
adopted by the F.W.P. 3
(d) F.W.P.its success, failure, causes for its failure,
suggestions for its successful implementation. 3
(e) Fugencies and Euthenics. 2

15

Books
Text Books and Reference Books
(1) Bhende A., Kanitkar, T.Principles of Population
Studies (Himalaya Publications).
(2) Premi, M. K., Ramanamma, A., and Bambawale
Social Demography in India.
(3) Agarwala, S. N.Indias Population Problem.
(4) Mamoria, C. B.Indias Population Problem.
(5) Dutta & SunelaranIndian Economy.
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(25) Geography
*Paper/Course No. : Gg 210
*Paper/Course Title : Political Geography
*Objectives of the Paper ( i ) To address the students about the magnitude and nature of geopolitical
problems before the country of the world.
( ii) To acquaint the students with the nature of geographical factors influencing
the geopolitical situations in India and world.
(iii) To understand the basis concepts in political geography.
SECTION I
Sr. Topic SubTopic Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
1. Introduction to Meaning, Definition (a) Meaning & Definition of political geography.
Political Geography History & development (b) History and development( i ) Pre-Modern
Phase Nature and scope ( ii) Modern Political
Geography (1890-1933) (iii) Development since
1933
(c) Nature and Scope of political geography
(d) Dynamic science. 10
2. Evolution of Origin of state and (a) Concept of state
State Nation (b) Origin of state.
Element of state (c) Centripetal and centrifugal forces.
(d) Difference between state and nation.
(e) Element of state : ( i ) Location, (ii) Size
and Shape,(iii) Relief, (iv) Climate, (v) Economic
resources, (vi) Cultural factors. 14
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8
Sr. Topic SubTopic Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
3. Structure of State Structure & Theories Structure of State (their nature & importance) :
(a) Nuclear Area
(b) Heartland
(c) Capital
(d) Constituent unit
(e) Problem Area
(f) Heartland theory of Mackinder
(g) Spykmans concept of the Rimland
(h) Unifield Field theory of S. Jones. 06
4. Strategic Places Strategic Importance (a) Digo-Garcia
in Political Geography (b) Strait of Malacca
(c) Andaman & Nicobar Island
(d) Suez Canal
(e) Antarctica 10
SECTION II
5. Frontiers and Definition & (a) Definition of boundary & frontier
Boundaries Classification (b) Difference between frontier & boundaries
(c) Classification of Boundaries :
( i ) Morphological Boundaries
( ii) Genetic Boundaries
(d) Indias borders and associated problems. 14
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Sr. Topic SubTopic Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
6. Political Geography Role of rivers (a) Role of rivers in the growth of state
of rivers (b) Economic Significance of rivers
Territorial Water (c) Geopolitical problems of river waters :
(i) Nile, (ii) Sindhu, (iii) Ganga, (iv) Kaveri,
(v) Krishna
(d) Concept of Territorial water. 12
7. Current Political (a) Nature of Political (a) Israel-Palestine
Problems Problems (b) Problems in Srilanka
(b) Political Organizations(c) Disintegration of USSR
(d) UNO
(e) SAARC
(f) OPEC. 08
8. Geography of Electrol studies (a) Introduction to geography of elections
Election (b) Place of electoral studies in Political Geography
(c) Approches to the study of Geography of elections.
(d) Geographical factors influencing elections. 06
List of Books :
(1) Political Geography : N. J. Pounds (McGraw Hill).
(2) Political Geography : De Blis
(3) Geography Politics of world divided : S. B. Cohen.
(4) Political Geography : R. D. Dixit, Tata McGraw Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi.
(5) Political Geography : Majid Husain.
(6) Political Geography : Taylor, P. J. (Longman Group UK Ltd.).
(7) .+. ~ +. - +.+++. |. ... + .+..+. .
(8) .+. ~ +. - ... -.:+. ... ~.: . '+:. .+..+. +.+ .
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*Paper/Course No. : Gg. 210
*Paper/Course Tittle : Population Geography.
*Objectives of the Paper/Course: ( i ) To make students aware of the magnitude and nature of population
problems before country and the world.
( ii) To acquaint students with the nature of geographical factors influencing
growth, distribution and movements of population.
(iii) To help the students to understand the steps taken to bring population
growth under control.
Sr. Topic SubTopic Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
1. Introduction to Meaning, Nature & (1) Definition of Population Geography
Population Geography Scope, Approaches (2) Nature & Scope of Population Geography
(3) Importance of Population Studies in Geography
06
2. Distribution of World Population (1) Distribution of World Population
Population Distribution, Factors (2) Significance of Density
affecting Population (3) Factors affecting the distribution of world
Density (Arithmetic population
Density) 06
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Sr. Topic SubTopic Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
3. Growth of Population Population Growth (1) Measures of Population Growth.
Measures & components (2) Recent trends of Population growth in the world.
of population growth, (3) Important components of Population growth.
Problems related to the Birth rate, Death rate & mobility.
population growth. (4) Problems of Population growth in developed and
Theories of population developing countries.
growth (5) Growth of population in India
(6) Demographic Transition Theory
(7) Liebensteins Theory of Population & Economic
Growth. 08
4. Fertility Meaning, Factors (1) Meaning of fertility
affecting fertility & (2) Meaning of following measures of fertility
levels of fertility (a) Birth rate
(b) General fertility rate
(c) Age-Specific fertility rate
(d) Total fertility rate.
(3) Factors affecting fertilityBiological, Social,
Cultural & Physiological
(4) Levels & trends of fertility in the world, with
special reference to developed & developing
countries
(5) Fertility in India, causes of high fertility in India.
10
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2
Sr. Topic SubTopic Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
5. Mortality Meaning, Measures, (1) Meaning of Mortality
Decline of Mortality (2) Following measures of Mortality :
(a) Death rate
(b) General Mortality rate
(c) Age-Specific Mortality rate
(d) Total Mortality rate
(e) Infant Mortality, causes of death
(f) Recent Trends and Levels of Mortality
(g) Mortality in India. 10
SECTION II
6. Pattern of Population Age & Sex, Economic (1) Meaning of age & sex composition, Age & Sex
Composition Status, Literacy, Religion Pyramid
(2) Economic Composition, Employment status,
Occupational structure, Economically active &
inactive population, dependency ratio
(3) Literacy & population growth with special
reference to India.
(4) Religion & population growth special reference
to India. 10
7. Movement of Migration, factors (1) Meaning of migration
Mankind affecting migration (2) Types of migration
causes & consequences (3) Factors affecting migrationHistorical,
of migration, Laws of Geographical, Cultural, Push & Pull factors
migration, Migration (4) Causes of Migration
& Population growth (5) Consequences of migration
(6) Reveinstines laws of migration
(7) Migration & Population growth
(8) Brain drain. 12
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Sr. No. Topic SubTopic Learning Points No. of Periods

8. Population & Resources Population & resource (1) Population growth and resource development
development, Levels (2) Concepts of Optimum, over & underpopulation
of population-optimum, (3) Theories of population & resources :
over and under population (a) Malthus Theory
Population theories (b) Marxian Theory. 10
9. Population Policies Population Policies in (1) Effect of Private & non-Government agencies
in India 20th Century : (2) Acceptance of family planning as national
(a) Pre-Independence policies
(b) Post-Independence (3) Plan allocations
(4) Family welfare.
(5) Methods of Family Planning.
(6) Progress of Family Planning.
(7) Success of Family Planning.
(8) Remedies to overcome. 8
List of Books :
( 1 ) -. +- . +.. . ~'.+. .. ... ~. -. - . - . ~'-;.-. + . -.. +.:. - . -.. .: .
( 2 ) Population GeographyClark John I
( 3 ) Geography of PopulationJ. Beanjeu Garnier.
( 4 ) Population StudiesMrs. Kanetkar & Mrs. Bhende.
( 5 ) -. +- . ~ +. - -. . -.+ +. ~..+- . - --.- .
( 6 ) Population GeographyDr. Sawant & Mr. Athawale (Mehta Publishing House).
( 7 ) -. +- . ~ + .- -. . :.. |+. +. -. ... |-. |-. + - .
( 8 ) -.++. ~ + .- -. . -.. :.. +.. ... :.. .. .:.-. -. . ~-- e.
( 9 ) -. +- . ... ~'.+. ... ~'-;.-. ... ~. - '+.-. .+..+. .
(10) -. +- . ~ + .- -. . :.. |+. +. -. '+'.+. + .+..+. .
(11) -.++. ~ +. - ... + - . ... '. . ... -. . +. -. - .+..+. +. -. .
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TitleEconomic Geography
Paper Course : Gg 220, Special S-1. S.Y.B.A.
Objectives : (1) To address the students about the nature of Economic Geography & its characteristics.
(2) To acquaint the students with economic appraisal & its geographical analysis of basic
resources.
(3) To trace the students comparative relationship of various economic occupations in the
light of geography.
Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
1. Introduction to Nature & Scope (1) Definition
Economic Geography (2) Nature
(3) Scope
(4) Approaches
(5) Recent trends in Economic Geography
(6) Importance of Economic Geography within the
discipline of geography. 5
2. Climatic regions, Types & their Climatic regions
Soils, Vegetation economic (1) The Equatorial
relationship (2) The Monsoon
(3) The Tropical desert
(4) The Mediterranean
(5) The Taiga
SoilsClassification of soils based upon climate &
vegetation.
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Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
Types(1) Laterite
(2) Prairies
(3) Chestnut
(4) Black
Problems of soil erosion & soil conservation.
Vegetation :
Economic importance of forests.
Types(1) Tropical (a) Equatorial, (b) Monsoon
(2) Temperate (a) Coniferous. 15
3. Economic Activities Types & their Types(1) Primary activities
relation with (2) Secondary activities
economic development (3) Tertiary activities. 3
4. Agriculture Types factors Factors influencing agricultural activities :
Problems & Prospects (1) Natural
(2) Economic
Types & Characteristics :
(1) Intensive subsistence
(2) Commercial grain farming
(3) Plantation agriculture
(4) Dairy farming
(5) Mediterranean farming
Problems & prospects of Indian agriculture. 12
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Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
5. Mineral & Power Distribution, (1) Iron OreU.S.A. Western Europe & India
resources Characters, (2) BauxiteWorld distribution
Energy Crisis (3) ManganeseWorld distribution
(4) CoalU.S.A., Western Europe, China & India
(5) OilS. W. Asia, U.S.A., & India
(6) Hydel PowerU.S.A. Japan, India
(7) Non-conventional energy resources
(a) Solar
(b) Wind
(c) Nuclear
(d) Waves.
15
6. Industries Location, Location (1) Factors influencing location of Industries
Theory, Major- (2) Webers Theory
industries, Environ- (3) Major Industries (Location, Production &
mental problems Distribution) :
(a) Iron & SteelU.S.A., W. Europe & India
(b) Cotton TextileIndia, Japan, U.K.
(c) Sugar IndustryIndonesia, Cuba, India
(4) Environmental problems in relation to the above
Industries (Indian examples). 15
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Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
7. Transport & Trade Meaning, Economic (1) Meaning & economic importance of transport
Importance, Mode of (2) Concept of transport accessibility & Connectivity
transport & network (3) Economic variation in various mode of transport
& comparison of these modes
(4) Role of railway & Road transport in economic
development in India
(5) Problems & prospects of water transport in India
(6) Factors influencing trade, types of trade, Regional,
National & International, Foreign trade of India.
15
Books :
( 1 ) Economic & Commercial CeographyR. S. Dubey & L. A. Singh.
( 2 ) Economic & Commercial GeographyDasgupta.
( 3 ) Economic GeographyB. Arunachalam.
( 4 ) Economic GeographyN. J. Pounds.
( 5 ) Economic GeographyJones & Darkenwald.
( 6 ) Economic GeographyJ. Alexander.
( 7 ) Economic GeographyRobinson.
( 8 ) Economic GeographyLeong Cheng.
( 9 ) ~.' + ~ +. - ~'.+. ~'-;.-. .: .
(10) ~.' + + ... ~ +. - +-+. + + . . .
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Paper/Course No. : SpecialGg. 220
Title of Course : Settlement Geography
Objectives : ( i ) To acquaint the students with fundamentals of settlement Geography.
( ii) To understand special characteristics and analysis of Rural and Urban Geography.
SECTION I
Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
1. Introduction Nature and Scope (a) Definition
(b) Nature, scope and branches of settlement
Geography
(c) Relation with other branches of geography i.e.
Physical, Economic and Cultural geography.
2. Rural Settlement (a) Evolution of Rural (a) Evolution, nature and scope of rural settlement
Geography Settlement geography
Geography
(b) Factors affecting (b) Location, site and situation of settlement
the location of (a) Physical FactorsGeological formation,
rural settlement Physiography, Waterbodies, Vegetation, Soil,
Climate
(b) Socio-Economic factorsLanduse, agriculture,
irrigation, transport, Industry.
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Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
3. Types and Patterns (a) Various Types of (a) According to Population size (Census of India)
of Rural Settle- Rural Settlement (b) Temporary and permanent
ments (b) Various Patterns of (c) According to spacingcompact and dispersed
Rural Settlement (d) Nucleation and Dispersion (Factors)
(e) Rectangular, Square, Radial, Liner, Twin.
4. Rural house types Study of rural house (a) Factors affecting rural house types i.e. Physical,
types Social and Economic
(b) Building material in India
(c) House Types in India
5. Distribution of (a) Rural Settlement (a) Rural Settlement density according to Physical
Rural Settlement density and Cultural factors
and Toponymy
(b) Analysis of place (b) Place names in relation to Genetic, Plants and
names animals, forests, castes, deities and others.
SECTION II
6. Urban Settlement Evolution, Nature and (a) Evolution, Nature and Scope of Urban Geography
Geography Scope of Urban Geog. (b) Concept of Urbanization.
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Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
7. Recent urban General study of (a) Urbanization during post-industrial period
development changing process of (b) Process of urbanization Million mark cities,
urbanization conurbation and megalpolises
(c) Urbanization in India.
8. Morphology of Internal structure (a) Theories by Park & Burgess, Homer Hoyet and
towns of towns Ullman
(b) Characteristics of CBD
(c) Problems of Urbanization
9. Functional Basic and non-basic (a) Functions of towns, basic and non-basic
characteristics functions. functions
of towns (b) Functional classification of towns by Nelson
and Harris
(c) Central Place Theory
(d) Hinterland, Rural-Urban Fringe
10. Important cities Cities in India Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Calcutta, Chandigarh,
in India Bangalore, Pune, Varanashi

Total..
Reference Books :
(1) Geography of SettlementsHudson.
(2) Readings in Rural SettlementsR. L. Singh.
(3) Urban GeographyNerthamton.
(4) The Study of Urban GeographyCartor.
(5) Introduction to Urban GeographyJohnson.
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2
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1
S.Y.B.A./Geography S2/Gg 201 Map Making
(Scales, Projection, Cartographic Techniques and Surveying) (Use of Stencils & Calculators allowed)
Periods : 6 Periods per week, per batch of 12 Students
Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
1. Scales Types Definition of Scales :
1. Verbal
2. Numerical
3. Graphical
4. Comparative
5. Time & Distance
At least 4 examples of each types of scale
2. Projection Types Definition and need of projection, classification
developable & non-developable surfaces. Study of
following Projections :
Construction of 1. Zenithal Polar Central Projection (Gnomonic)
Projection 2. Zenithal Polar Equal Area Projection
Properties & Uses 3. Conical Projection with one standard parallel
4. Conical Projection with two standard parallels
5. Bonnes Projection
6. Cylindrical Equal Area Projection
7. Mercators Projection.
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2
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2
Sr. Topic Sub-Units Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
3. Cartographic Cartographic Importance and Methods of Cartographic Diagrams
Techniques diagrams (1) One Dimensional-line, bar, Divided and
Compound bargraphs
(2) Two Dimensional/Pie Diagram, circle, square.
(3) Three DimensionalSpheres, Cubes
(4) Distributional mapsDot Method, Choropleth
method, Isopleth methods
4. Surveying Types Geodetic and plane survey, methods of triangulation
and Traverse :
(1) Plane Table Survey :
(a) Inter-Section
(b) Radiation
(2) Prismatic Compass Surveying :
(a) Open traverse method
(b) Closed traverse method
(c) Correction of bearings
(d) Bowditch method (Two examples)
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3
Sr. Topic SubUnits Learning Points No. of
No. Periods
(5) Field Excursion Long or Short (1) Excursion report should be written minimum
Tours 20 pages and it should include maps, sketches,
All over India graphs, photographs and to be submitted at the
time of examination.
OR Village survey (2) Practicals should be done and journal should be
maintained.
OR Project Report (3) Oral examination.
Note :Journal should be fully completed, neatly prepared and certified by Head of the Department. Candidate
without journal should not be allowed for practical examination.
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4
Gg 201 Map Making
Distribution of Marks :
1. Scales 15
2. Projections 15
3. Cartographic Techniques 20
4. Surveying 20
5. Field Excursion/Project Report/Village Survey 15
6. Journal 10
7. Oral Examination 05

Total Marks.. 100

Reference Books :
Elements of Practical GeographyP. K. Dutt
Maps and DiagramsMonkhouse
Simple Map ProjectionAhmad K.
Mapwork and Practical GeographyHinds
++...-. ~ + + -+ e ... ~'.+. ... +.. ... - . ~'-;.-.
S.Y.B.A. / 285
(26) Linguistics (Gen.)
Introduction to Historical Linguistics :
1. Descriptive Linguistics and Historical Linguistics. The
Chief problems in historical Linguistics.
2. Classification of Languages - typological and
geneological.
3. Language familiar and their history with reference to
language of India.
4. The nature of Sound change and its regularity. The
Prote Language.
5. Linguistics change : Causes of change, processes of
change, Sound changes, analogy and borrowing.
Books Recommended
( 1 ) Bloomfield L.: Language, Ch. 18 to 27, Gleason,
H. A. Jr.An introduction to descriptive Linguistics,
Ch. 23, 24.
( 2 ) Lehmann, W. P.: Historical LinguisticsAn Intro-
duction; Ch. 1, 5, 10 to 14, Topics 1 and 2 of the above
syllabus are prescribed for the Term-end examination.
S.Y.B.A. / 286
(27) Defence and Strategic Studies
Proposed Syllabus for B. A.
S. Y. B. A. G-2(A)
Geostrategy and Military Geography
1. Geostrategy-Meaning and concept, Importance, Scope
and Uses.
2. Military Geography-Meaning and concept, Importance,
Scope and Uses.
3. Grand Strategy, Strategy and Tractics : Meaning and
concept.
4. Impact of Geography on Land Warfare - Sea Warfare
and Air Warfare.
5. Warfare in Different tarrains : Plan, Desert, Jungle and
High Altitude.
6. Geostrategic Mineral Resources : Oil, and Natural Gas
etc.
7. Geostrategic position and Importance : - Andaman &
Nicobar, J&K, Kuwait Afghanistan, Diego Garcia, Isreal.
8. Logistics : Concept, Principles, Resources.
Selected Readings :
1. Pletier Louis & G. Etzel Pearcy : Military Geography
New Delhi, East-West, 1981.
2. Sukhwal B. L.: Modern Political Geography, New Delhi,
Sayl, 1985.
3. Mohan A. T. : Sea Powar, London, Methuen and Co.
1972.
4. Dixit R. D.: Political D. Geography. The Discipline and
its Dimensions, New Delhi, Tata Macgraw Hill, 1994.
5. ... -.:+ .+. ~ +. - +.+ '+:. .+..+.
6. ~. '+. ~.+++ ~.' - +. . .. .+. ~ +. -.
S.Y.B.A. / 287
S. Y. B. A. G-2 (B)
Geopolitics
1. Geopolitics - Definition, Nature and Scope
2. Evolution of Geopolitical Thought Mackinder, Mohan,
Haushoffer, S. B. Jone Rudolf Kijellen, S. B. Cohen.
3. Nation and State Meaning and Concept, Basic
elements, Difference.
4. Political GeographyMeaning and concept, Nature and
Scope, Dynamic Science.
5. Frontiers and Boundaries Meaning and Concept,
Difference, Classfication of Boundaries, Role of
Boundaries.
6. Maritime BoundariesConcept to Territorial Sea,
Exclusive Economic zone.
7. Buffer State and Land Locked States Meaning and
Concept, Problems Prospects.
8. Geographical factories affecting War Boundaries,
Topography, Size and shape, Location and Climate.
Selected Readings :
1. Pletier Louis C and Etzet P. : Military Geography (New
Delihi, East West, 1981).
2. Dikshit R. D. : Political Geography, The Discipline and
its Dimensions (New Delihi, Tata Macgraw Hill, 1994).
3. Mohan A .T. : Sea Power (London, Methuen & Co.,
1975).
4. Pressot J. R. N.: Political Geography (London, Metnuen
& Co. 1972).
5. Harm J. di Blij : Systematic Political Geography (New
York, John Wiley and Sons, 1973).
S.Y.B.A. / 288
S. Y. B. A. G-2(C)
Military Sociology and Psychology
1. Introduction
a) Concept of Interdependence.
b) Sociology of war
c) Characteristics and functional aspects of armed forces
2. Impact of Indian culture and traditions on our society
and the armed forces
3. War and Soldiering
a) Historial View
b) Anthropological view
c) Social View
d) Political view
e) Psychological view
4. Military as Social Institution
a) Organization Behaviour of Armed forces
b) Soldier and religion
c) Institutional Occupational
d) Image of the Armed forces and it's projection in society
5. Soldier and Morality
a) Why soldiers fight
b) value based Soldiery
c) Morality & Motivation
6. Military Group
a) A sociological phenomenon
b) Group dynamics and Military
c) Military and Non-military leadership
d) Ethics and Military Group
7. Civil-Military Relation
a) Armed forces and democracy
b) Role of Armed forces in promoting National
Integration
c) Nation Building and defence
d) Human Rights and Armed forces
e) Obligation of Society and Armed forces on each other
S.Y.B.A. / 289
References :
1. Edwing G. Boring : Psychology for the Armed Services,
1979] Natraj Publishers, Dehra Dun.
2. Major General (Ref.) F. M. Richardson : Fighting Spirit,
1978, Natraj Publishers, Dehra Dun.
3. Borgadus, 1975, Mac. Millon, New York.
4. Goldman : The Social Psychology of Military Science.
5. Hasnain Zamar : Psychology for the fighting man, 1967,
Army Publishers, Delhi.
6. Long : Military Institutions and the Sociology of War.
S.Y.B.A. / 290
S. Y. B. A.: S-1 (A)
Contemporary Warfare
1. War-Meaning and definition, causes, functions,
principles and consequences
2. Conventional Warfare
a) Meaning and Concept
b) Evolution
c) Limited and total war
3. Revolutionary War and Low Intensity operations
a) Guerilla war 1. Meaning and concept
2. Principles and characteristics
3. Guerilla strategy & tactics
4. Contributors to the guerilla war
c) Insurgency and Counter Insurgency
4. Nuclear Warfare
a) Meaning & Concept
b) Developments
c) Effects
5. Chemical Warfare
Historical development, Nature, types, Methods,
objective and preventive measures of chemical welfare
6. Biological Warfare
Meanings, nature, means and objectives of biological
warfare
7. Psychological warfare
Meanings, nature, means and objectives of biological
warfare
8. Economic Warfare
Meaning and concept, objectives, means and nature.
S.Y.B.A. / 291
References :
1. Paret Peter (ed.) : Markers of Modern Strategy from
Machiavelli to Nuclear Age (Oxford, 1998).
2. Garnett John (ed) : Theories of Peace and security A
Reader in contemporary strategy (Bristol : MacMillan
1976).
3. Dr. Shrikant Paranjpe: Samarikshastra (Marathi)
Continental, Pune, 1994.
4. J. F. C. Fuller: The conduct of war (London, 1961)
Montgomery, A history of warfare (London, 1968).
5. Clausewitz : On war (ed) Antol Repoport, (London
1968).
S.Y.B.A. / 292
S. Y. B. A. : S1 (B)
Strategic Thinkers
A. The Classical Thought of the 19th century
1. Clausewitz-On war and it's relationship with
politics-Strategy Tactics
2. Jomini - Concept of Mass Army, Strategy,
Tactics and logistics
B. From 19th Century to first World War
3. Max Military Concept of Social revolutionaries
4. Malfke-The prusian - German school of strategic
thoughts
5. Dupigue-French School of Strategic thoughts
6. Foch-Principles of war, the French School
C. From first to second World War
7. Churchill - The emergence of civilian - civil military
relation
8. Lundendorff-The German Concept of Total War
9. Soviet Concepts of War - Trotsky, Frunze, Lenin
and Stalin
10. Liddell Hart - The British Concept of Warfare
11. J. F. C. Fuller - Concept of mobile warfare Advent
of Tank and decline of French Warfare - Science
and Conduct of War
12. A. T. Mahan - Theory of Sea power
13. Douhet - Theories of Air Warfare
Second World War to date
14. Mozedony -Chinese concept of war Strategy and
concept of Guerilla Warfare - Concept of Urban
Guerilla Warfare
15. Che Guevara-Concept of Guerilla Warfare.
S.Y.B.A. / 293
References
1. Earle E. M. : Makers of Modern Strategy.
2. Sprout M. T., Mohan : Evangelist of Sea Power.
3. J.F.C. Fuller : The conduct of War
4. Liddell Hut : Strategy - The Indirect Approach
5. Clausewitz : On war
6. Foch Fredinand : The Principles of War.
S.Y.B.A. / 294
S. Y. B. A. : S1 (C)
International Law
1. International Law
a) Nature
b) Source
c) Subjects of International Law
d) State responsible
2. Human Rights
a) UN Charter
b) Universal Declaration J. H. R.
3. Control of International Conficts
a) UN Charter
b) UN peackeeping
c) Diplomatic procedure
4. International Law related to war
Hauge Conventions & Genera conventions
5. Nuclear, Chemical & Biological Warfare (General
protocol & International Conventions Treaties)
6. War crimes
a) History & Definitions
b) War Crime Trials
c) International criminal court
7. Crimes against Humanity
8. Neutrality
Reference
1. Agrawal S. K. (Ed) : Essays on the law of Treaties
Orient Longmans, Bombay, 1973.
2. Agrawal S. K. (Ed) : New Horizons of International
Law Development Countries, Bombay, N. N.
Fropath, 1983.
3. Anand R. P., New States and International Law,
New Delhi (Vikas) 1972.
4. Anand R. P.: Studies in International Adjudiation,
New Delhi, Vikas, 1963.
S.Y.B.A. / 295
S. Y. B. A. S-2 (A)
Indian Military System
1. Meaning Scope and Sources of Military History
2. Military System in Ancient Inida
a) Vedic Period
b) Ramayan Period
c) Mahabharat period
d) Indus Valley civilization
3. Indo-Greek art of war with special reference to the battle
of Jhelm (326 BC)
4. Kautilya's philosophy of war; Military organization;
Weapons; Forts; Patterns of Warfare; Interstate
relations; espionage; concept of Defence and security
5. Military system of the Gupta Empire
6. Rajput Military System & art of Warfare
7. Turkish Military System with special reference to the
Battle of the Somanath and Tarriain
8. Military System warfare and reforms during the
Sultanate period (1206 to 1526 A. D.)
9. Mughal Military System, Organization training,
weapon system, art of warfare
1. Battle of Panipt (1526 A. D.)
2. Battle of Haldighat (1576 A. D.)
10. Sourthern Indian Empires
a) Cholas
b) Vijaynagar.
S.Y.B.A. / 296
References
1. K. B. Kangly : Kautilya Arthashatra
(Bombay University of Bombay, 1972)
2. J. N. Sarkar:Military History of India
(New Delhi, Orient Longman, 1973)
3. S. N. Sen : The Military System of Marathas
(New Delhi, K. P. Bagchi - Com, 1977)
4. Brig K. G. Pitre:War History of the Marathas
(Pune, K. G. Pitre, 1998)
5. '- +.. +. ' -.+-. - 'e+ '+.-
,- +; . ++- + .+..+. -).
S.Y.B.A. / 297
S. Y. B. A. : S-2 (B)
Western Military System
1. Military system of the Greeks - Organization; Weapons
Art of war
2. Military System of Romans - General orgnizations,
weapons, tactics
3. Hannibal and Scipio - Contribution of the Art of war,
Battle of Zama, Battle of Cannae
4. Age of cavalry
5. Revival of Infantry
6. Gunpowder and fire arms
7. Assement Gustavous Adolphes - Fredrick the Great and
Napolean Borapark
8. Causes of World War
9. Strategies during the First World War (Magineline an
Schliffen Plan)
10. Various kinds of warfare - Trench warfare, tank warfare,
psychological warfare
11. Fole of "U" boats in World War-I
12. Causes of World War - II
13. Strategies during the Second World War (Blitzkreig
Technique & Panzer Division of Germany)
14. Rise of Japan as Military Power & it's attack on Pearl
Harbour
15. Tactical and Strategic use of Airpower in Worldwar - II
S.Y.B.A. / 298
References
1. James Lucas : Panzer Army Africa, Natraj Publishers,
Dehra Dun, 1984
2. Capi B. H. Liddell Hart : Panzer Leader, Army
Pubishers, Delhi
3. Wintons S. Churchill : The Second World War, The
Educational Book Company Ltd. London, 1950
4. Robert Ergang : Europe since Waterloo, Surgect
Publications, Delhi, 1981
5. V. D. Mahajan : History of Modern Europe since 1789,
S. Chand Cop. Ltd., New Delhi, 1977.
6. -. . - -+ + : ~. '++ +.-. ;'+.-. .- .+..+. +.+ .
-.
7. '. '+. +. u- '- -. . - '-:+. - +; . -
8. +.e+ ~.--..- ..--.-. .-+.+.+ +-.- +-+ +. -+.-.
.+..+. - +; .
9. -. . -,+ . '- ...- - ;'+.-. .+..+ + + - . . + -..
--.
S.Y.B.A. / 299
S. Y. B. A. S-2 (C)
Maratha Military System (1630-1818 A. D.)
1. Rise of Maratha Power
Geographical, social religous, economic situation in
Maharashtra before Shivaji
2. Early Career or Shivaji
Role of Jijabai & Dadoji in making Shivaji
3. Shivaji and Adilshahi
a) Jawali Incident
b) Battle of Pratapgad
4. Shivaji and Mohgalsa) Raid on Shahistekhan
b) Campaign of Mirza Jaysingh & treaty of Purendar
5. Shviaji's Karnataka Campaign
6. Organizations of Maratha Armed forts under Shivaji'
7. Evaluation of Shivaji as a Military Leader & Guerilla
tactics
8. Military leadership and achievement of Sambhaji
9. Struggle with the Moghals-Rajiram, Tarabail, Santaji,
& Dhanaji
10. Warfare during the peirod of the Peshwas
a) Bajirao - I
b) Nanasaheb Peshwa
With special reference to their battle like Palkhed,
Bopal & Panipath (1761 A. D.)
c) Maratha navy under Kanhoji Angre
11. Anglo-Maratha wars (First, Second & Third)
12. Causes for the down fall of Maratha Power.
S.Y.B.A. / 300
Reference
1. Sarkar J. N. : Shivaji and this times (Orient Longman,
New Delhi, 1960)
2. Kulkarni A. R. : The Marathas (1600-1848) (Books &
Books, New Delhi, 1996)
3. Pitre K. G. : War History of the Marathas (K. G. Pitre,
Pune, 1998)
4. Apte B. D. : History of Maratha Navy (Bombay, State
Board of Literature & Culture, 1973)
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S.Y.B.A. / 301
Defence and Strategic Studies
(From June 1995)
(General)
G-2 : (a) Indias National Security
OR
G-2 : (b) Problems of International Security.
(Special)
S-1 : (a) Geopolitics and Military Geography
OR
S-1 : (b) Industrial Security Paper I.
S-2 : (a) Defence Economics
OR
S-2 : (b) Marathas Art of War and Military System.
Note : Students offering Defence and Strategic Studies as
Special Subject will be taken on a study tour to
various Defence Establishments. These study tours
are subject to availability of funds and clearance by
the Government of India.
( 1 ) The general content of all the courses will be historical
and descriptive in nature.
( 2 ) The courses introduce various concepts relevant to the
understanding of the discipline. The level of teaching
the courses is to be limited to the introduction of these
concepts and understanding of their context and
meaning.
S.Y.B.A. / 302
G-2 (a) : Indias National Security
Section I
1. Indias Foreign & Defence Policy (With reference
to National Security and National Powers
considerations).
(a) Foreign Policy
( i ) Basic Tenets
( ii) Determinants of foreign policy
(iii) Diplomacy and security
(b) Defence Policy
( i ) Capability Factor-The Military
( ii) Modernization Factor
(c) Linkages between foreign and defence policy
(d) Economic issues in defence policy
2. Internal Security of India
(a) Security problems in different regions of India
with special reference to insurgency and
terrorism.
(b) Other social, political economic and cultural
dimensions.
(c) National Integration.
3. Indias Nuclear Policy and its development.
4. Indo-Pakistan Relations with special reference to :
(a) Kashmir Issue.
(b) Siachin Glacier.
(c) Nuclear debte.
(d) Terrorism in Punjab and Jammu & Kashmir.
S.Y.B.A. / 303
Section II
5. India-China Relations with special reference to :
(a) Border dispute and post 1962 developments.
(b) Problem of Tibet.
6. Indias relation with SAARC
(To be studied only in Security context).
7. India and super powers
(a) India and U.S.A.
(b) India and U.S.S.R. (CIS) New developments.
8. Super power rivalry in Indian ocean and Indias Naval
Security.
9. Indias current security problems.
Selected Readings
1. K. Subramanyam : India and Nuclear Challenge
2. K. Subramanyam : Nuclear Proliferation and National
Security.
3. Maj. Gen. D. K. Palit : 1. Minimum Deterrent
2. Indias Nuclear Answer to China
4. Lt. Gen. P. Kathapalia : National Security perspectives
5. Pannikkar : Problems of Indian Defence
6. S. S. Shashi : Defence of India.
7. Madan Gopal : India as a World Power.
8. Rohit Handa : Policy for Indias Defence.
9. G. C. Thomas : Indias Security Policy.
10. Subramanyam K. : Indian Security Perspective
(New Delhi, ABC, 1982).
11. Lr. Col. Gautam : Indias Northern Security.
S.Y.B.A. / 304
12. Chibber Aditya : National Security Doctrine.
13. K. S. Nagar and Sharma Gautam : Indias Security-
super power Threat.
14. Ravi Nanda : National Security-Perspectives, Policy
and Planning.
15. Maj. Gen. D. K. Palit : Pakistan Islamic Bomb.
16. Sarul Patra : Indian Ocean and Great Power.
17. Gautam Sen : Indias Defence Policy.
18. G. C. Thomas : The Defence of India.
OR
G-2 (b) : Problems of International Security
(Theory & Practice)
Section I
1. International Relations :
(a) Nature and scope.
(b) As a field of study-subject matter.
2. Approaches to the study of International Relations :
(a) The Realist Theory.
(b) Ideolist Theory.
3. National Power, National Interest and National
Security.
4. Determinants of Foreign Policy :
(a) National interest and power.
(b) Nature of socio-political institution.
(c) National ideology.
(d) War as an instrument of foreign policy.
(Strategic issues in foreign policy)
5. The Cold War :
(a) Origin and evolution.
(b) New Cold War.
S.Y.B.A. / 305
6. Non-alignment :
(a) Meaning and concept.
(b) Its role in International relations.
Section II
7. International Law :
(a) Its role in international relations.
(b) The international court of justice.
8. U.N.O. :
(a) Its agencies.
(b) Role in International relations with special
reference to peace and security.
9. Diplomacy :
(a) Meaning, Concept, Nature and Function.
(b) Old and New Diplomacy.
10. Arms control and Disarmament :
(a) Its Nature and Meaning.
(b) Problems.
11. Regional Organization
ASIAN, SAARC and EEC.
Selected Readings
1. Politics amongst Nations-Morgenthau.
2. International Relations since 1945-Gupta, M. G.
3. International Relations-Palmer and Perkins.
4. Introduction to International Relation (Power and
Justice)-Colombus Wolfe.
5. International Relations and World Politics-Dhar S. N.
6. Theory and International Relations-Forsth M. G. &
Others.
7. A text-book of International Relations-Naik J. A.
8. International Relations and Politics-Johar J. C.
S.Y.B.A. / 306
9. International Relations (1919-1945)-Gupta M. G.
10. International Relations and World Politics since
1919-Dhar S. N.
11. International Relations since IWW-Sen Asit Kumar.
12. International Relations-Doctor A. H.
13. Book hives : International Relations-Prakash Chandra.
14. Handbooks of International Relations-Tandon M. &
Kapoor Usha.
S-1 (a) : Geopolitics and Military Geography
Section I
1. Military Geography : Meaning, Definition, Scope, Uses,
Principles-Military Geography and Political Geography.
2. National Power : Military Geography, Natural
Resources, elements of National power : Geography,
Natural Resources, Industrial development, Military
preparedness, Population etc.
3. Frontiers and Boundaries : Meaning, types, Basic
element, Role of boundaries.
4. Geographical Importance of Indias Land Borders.
5. Maritime Boundaries : Concept of Territorial Sea-
Exclusive Economic, Zone.
6. Buffer Zone & Land Locked State : Concept, Problem,
Prospects.
7. Logistics Resources, Principles, Requirements,
Planning.
S.Y.B.A. / 307
Section II
8. Evolution of Geopolotical thoughts : Historical
Evolution, Mackinder, Mahan Hanshoffer-Importance
of Geopolitics during War & Peace-Geopolitics &
Military Geography.
9. Geostrategy : Importance of Indias Land Borders.
10. Geostrategy : Minerals : Importance of Geostrategic
Mineral Oil in West Asia.
11. Geostrategic Position & Importance of Diego Gracia,
Andaman & Nicobar & Lakshadweep Islands.
12. Grand Strategy, Strategy & Tactics : Concept &
Meaning.
13. Geographical factors affecting War : Boundaries,
topography size and shape, location and climate.
14. Impact of Geography on Sea & Air Warfare.
15. Geography and Land Warfare : Plains, Desert, High
altitude, Jungle-Characteristics and logistic problems.
Selected Readings
1. Peter Louis C. & Etzel P. G.: Military Geography.
2. Jeffrics William W.: Geography & National Power.
3. Gupta Parshuram : Military Geography.
4. Bhagwat A. V.-Political Geography.
OR
S-1 (b) : Industrial Security
Part I
( 1 ) Industrial SecurityDefinition, objectives, Scope &
importance.
S.Y.B.A. / 308
( 2 ) Elements of SecuritySecurity Planning and its
implementation, diffculties, dangers and remedy to
remove it, rehersal, aquainting the employees regarding
plan (Constructive Security, Natural Security,
Organizational Security, Secret Security, Boundary
Wall, Arrangement of Security Lighting etc.)
( 3 ) Role of SecurityLife, Property and General
Security, Main gate, Reception, Close search room,
Vehicle entrance, Search gate, Invitation room, Good
security section, Internal Security and Control.
( 4 ) Security and PsychologyPsychology of theft,
Guaranty of Security (employees & goods),
Sophisticated security, Guaranty of apparatus, Public
festivals and seminars, encouragements etc.
Part II
( 5 ) Modus Operandi of SecurityPersonal checking help,
keeping in custody, bringing and carrying away money
and its security of vehicles, intelligence section,
misappropriation, industrial peace & tension etc.
( 6 ) Science, Technology & SecurityResults (inference)
of science and technology, noting danger, close
circuits, T.V.; Access contend, Security chest;
automatic shreder vibration , destter, modern security
arrangements and equipments.
( 7 ) Fire FightingDefinition, scope, types, equipments
and role.
( 8 ) First AidsDefinition, types and mode (method);
training etc.
Book
,-) +.e +.- + ~. :. '++ - e..
S.Y.B.A. / 309
S-2 (a) : Defence Economics
Section I
1. War as an economic problem.
2. Economic Warfare :
(a) Its technique.
(b) Scope & content of economic warfare.
(c) Denial of resources to the economy.
(d) Roles of foreign aid.
3. Peace time economy :
(a) Aims and objectives.
(b) Merits and demerits.
(c) Pre-war preparation mobilization of resources for
defence.
4. War time economy :
(a) Sources of finance and allocation of national
resources.
(b) Techniques of control and rationing with reference
to production, consumption and distribution.
Importance of price control and rationing.
(c) War Finance :
( i ) Domestic resources-increasing duration of
working hours additional employment,
controlling vacation time.
( ii) Fiscal and monetary method, taxation and
borrowing, deficit financing etc.
5. Elements of economic potential for War :
(a) Economic Elements :
( i ) Geography
( ii) Natural resources
(iii) Manpower
(iv) Industrial capacity
( v) Foreign aid
S.Y.B.A. / 310
(b) Contributory elements :
( i ) Political
( ii) Psychological
(iii) Military
6. Financial Management in Defence :
(a) Defence BudgetIts determinants.
(b) Cost effectiveness in modernization programme.
Section II
7. Defence Expenditure :
(a) More or lessan anlysis
(b) In War years (1962-1971)
(c) Development from 1947 to datean evaluation
(d) Causes of increasing defence expenditure
8. Effects of War :
(a) Problem of an inflationary economy.
(b) The problem of balance of payments.
(c) The danger of exhaustion of economic resources.
(d) Problem of reconstruction and restructuring.
9. Cost of War :
(a) Economic cost-method of calculation.
(b) Real cost-Problem of measuring.
10. Defence Production :
(a) Defence Industries of India.
(b) R and D in India.
(c) Private sector and Public sector.
(d) Self Reliance.
(e) Role of foreign collaboration.
(f) Defence and development in India.
S.Y.B.A. / 311
Selected Readings
1. Ministry of Defence, Govt. of IndiaAnnual Report.
2. Ghosh AlokIndian EconomyIts nature & Problems.
3. Thomas RajuThe Defence of India : A budgetary
Perspectives.
4. Subramanyam K.Perspective in Defence Planning.
5. Laxmi Y.Trends in Defence Expenditure.
6. Ron MathewsDefence Production in India.
OR
S-2 : Maratha Art of War and Military System
Section I
1. Rise of Maratha Power-Political, Social, economic,
religious and geographical situation in Maharashtra
before Shivaji.
2. Early cases of Shivaji.
3. Shivaji and Adilshahi :
( i ) Jawali incident.
( ii) Battle of Pratapgad.
4. Shivaji and Mughals :
( i ) Raid on Shaistekhan.
( ii) Campaign of Mirza Raje Jaising and the treaty of
Purandar.
5. Shivajis Karnataka Campaign.
6. Evaluation of Shivaji as a Military leader and guerilla
tactics.
7. Organization of Maratha armed forces and forts under
Shivaji.
8. Military leadership of Shivaji.
S.Y.B.A. / 312
Section II
9. Struggle with the Mughals-Santaji, Dhanaji, Rajaram,
Tarabai.
10. Warfare during the period of the Peshwas
( i ) Bajirao Ias ageneral.
( ii) Nanasahen Peshwawith special reference to
their battle of Palkhed, Bhopal, Panipat (1761 A.D.)
11. Maratha Navy under Kanhoji Angre.
12. Anglo-Maratha Wars (First, Second and Third).
13. Causes for the down fall of Maratha Power.
Selected Readings
1. Sardesai G. S. : New History of Marathas.
2. Sarkar J. N. : Shivaji and his Times.
3. Sarkar J. N. : House of Shivaji.
4. Sen S. N. : Military system of the Marathas.
5. Dr. Joshi P. S. : Chhatrapati Sambhaji.
6. Dr.Deopujari B. N. : Shivaji and the Maratha Art of
War.
7. Col. Palsokar R. S. : Shivaji the Great Guerilla.
8. Shejwalkar T. S. : Panipat, 1761 (Marathi).
S.Y.B.A. / 313
(28) History of Civilization (Gen.)
History of Civilization (1453-1815)
1. The Renaissance-causes-
(a) Renaissance in Literature.
(b) Renaissance in Science.
(c) Renaissance in Art and Architecture.
2. The Reformation-Causes and Consequences.
3. Counter Reformation : Role of Ignatius Loyola,
Council of Trent.
4. Geographical Discoveries-Colonialism of Portugeese
and Spanish-English and French. Growth of Trade and
Commerce.
5. Socio-economic and Cultural Development under the
Grand Monarchs-Henry VIII-Queen Elizabeth I, Louis
XIV, Fredrick the Great Peter the Great, Prince
Joseph II, Akbar the Great.
6. The Western Colonial Expansion in the 17th and 18th
Centuries.
7. The Socio-economic and Intellectual background of
American War of Independence. The French
Resolution.
8. Nepolean Bonaparte-his internal reforms-contribution
to European Culture.
9. Science and Technology in the 17th and 18th
Centuries.
Books for Study
(1) DaviesWorld History.
(2) Swain J. E.A History of World Civilization.
(3) Loon H. Ven The Story of Mankind.
S.Y.B.A. / 314
(4) Wallbank Taylor and BalkeyCivilization-Past and
Present.
(5) Lucas Henry S.A Short History of Civilization.
(6) Wells H. G.Outline of History.
,) ~. + +. . ++.-. -.+ +.-. - 'e+ ;'+.-.
~.+ .
,) '--.+. +. -. ~. '++ +.
Books for Reference
(1) Brinton, Christopher and Wolf : A History of
Civilization, Vol. II.
(2) Toyanbee A. J.: Mankind and Mother Earth.
(3) Turner Ralph : The Great Cultural Tradition, 2 Vols.
(4) Jacques Pierence : The Tides of History.
(5) Hayes : Cultural History of Europe.
(6) Durant Will : The Story of Civilization (Relevant
Volumes).
(7) Burns: Western Civilization.
(8) Modell Solomon-A History of the Western World,
2 Vols.
,) -.. . . .. +.-. ;'+.-.
,-) -. + . -. ~. ' - + +-+u.+.
S.Y.B.A. / 315
S. Y. B. A.
(29) Logic an Methodoloy of Science
(General)
G-II
Section I : Formal Logic
Topic 1
1.1 Nature of systematization and its limits, Degrees of
systematization : Axiomatic system, Logistic system,
Distinction between syntax and semantics.
1.2 Elements of a deductive system and their role.
1.3 Evaluation of a deductive systems in terms of
Consistency, Completeness and Independence.
1.4 Russell and Whitehead's P. M. System and its first 15
theorems.
Topic 2
2.1 Need for the study of predicate structure of propositions.
2.2 Definition of singular and general propositions.
2.3 Difference between propositional logic and predicate
logic.
2.4 Difference in approach between traditional logic and
predicate logic.
Topic 3
3.1 Individual constants andpredicate constants.
3.2 Building up the notion of propositional function through
substitution instances.
3.3 Defining a propositional functions in terms of variable
components, as the basis of generating propositions.
3.4 Obtaining propositions from propositional functions,
Instantiation and Quantification.
S.Y.B.A. / 316
3.5 Meaning of Universal and existential quantifiers.
3.6 Formulating a four-fold scheme for symbolizing general
propositions. Comparison with A. E. I. O. Structure,
Evaluation of the square of opposition of traditional
logic.
3.7 Exercises in symbolizing general proposition.
Topic 4
4.1 Explaining the need for quantification rules (enabling
the continued use of the 19 rules of inference in
arguments that are not truth functionally compound but
which are made up of non-compound general
propositions).
4.2 Explaining the nature, form and use of each of the four
quantification rules UI, UG, EI, EG (Preliminary
version), Rule of quantifier negation (Q. N.)
4.3 Exercises in Proving the validity of arguments involving
the use of quantification rules (preliminary version).
Topic 5
5.1 The basis for demonstration of invalidity of arguments
(Isomorphism and correspondence between valid
argument forms and tautologies.)
5.2 Method of demonstrating invalidity of arguments in
predicate logic (through assumptions of increasing
universe of discourse.)
5.3 Exercises in demonstrating invalidity of arguments
predicate logic.
Section II : Formal Logic (Predicates, Relations and Sets)
Topic 6
6.1 The nature and definition of multiply general
propositions : two varieties : (1) Truth functionally
compound, (2) one general proposition containing
another general propositions within it.
S.Y.B.A. / 317
6.2 Exercises in symbolizing both kinds of multiply general
propositions.
Topic 7
7.1 Need for revising the preliminary quantification rules
(To ensure the correct inferences in a more complex
situation), Explaining the revised form of and the
restriction on each quantification rule.
7.2 Exercises in detecting mistakes arising out of not
adhering to the revised quantification rules.
7.3 Exercises in proving the validity of arguments involving
the use of revised quantification rules; Proof of logical
truths involving quantifiers.
Topic 8
8.1 Predicates and relations : Need for recognizing relations
as a distinct category of predicates, Relational Logic
as an extension of Predicate logic.
8.2 The logical structure of a relational proposition in terms
of referent/relation/relatum and domain/filed/converse
domain; Kinds of relational propositions according to
the number of relata.
8.3 Symbolizing relational propositions and translating
symbolized relational propositions into ordinary
language singular and general relational propositions.
Difference between relations expressed in active/passive
voice and the problem of ordering of quantifiers.
8.4 Proving validity of arguments involving relational
propositions by direct, conditional and indirect methods
of formal proof.
8.5 Properties of dyadic relations : Symmetry / Asymmetry/
Non-symmetry, Transitivity / Intransitivity / Non-
transitivity Reflexivity / Irrefexivity / Non-reflexivity.
Characterizing given relations in terms of the above
properites. Enthymeme. Proving validity of relational
enthymemic arguments.
S.Y.B.A. / 318
8.6 Study of identity as a relation, Exercises in symbolizing
of exceptive, comparative and numerical propositions,
propositions involving descriptive phrases.
Topic 9
4.1 Elements of set theory :
Definitions : Sets, elements of sets, sub-set, proper sub-
set, Null-set, Universal sets. Compliment of set, Identity
of set : listing and defining. Basic operation on sets :
Union, Intersection, Negation.
4.2 Interpreting A. E. I. O. propositional forms in terms of
set theory and Venn diagrams..
4.3 Problems involving basic operations (above).
Book for Reading
1. Copi. I. M. : Intorduction to Logic (relevant chapters
only)
2. Copi I. M. : Symbolic Logic (relevant chapters only)
3. Hughes and Londey : Elements of formal logic (relevant
chapters only)
4. Ehlers : Logic by way of Set Theory.
5. Suppes : Introduction to Logic (Chapters on Set theory)
6. Quine W. V. O. : Methods of Logic (Relevant Chapters).
Books for Reference
1. - . '.. +.'- + + -. . .. -.. ++ u.. ~.+ .
2. .. . +.+e + -.-. +. e - +- ~.+.'+ ++ ..--.
3. - . . + ~.+.'+ ++ ..--.
S.Y.B.A. / 319
S. Y. B. A.
(Revised)
Logic and Methodology of Science
General Paper II
Section I -
Formal Logic
Topic I
1.1 Nature of systematization and its limits, Degrees of
systematization : Axiomatic system, Logistic system,
Distinction between syntax and semantics.
1.2 Elements of deductive system and their role.
1.3 Evaluation of a deductive systems in terms of
consistency, completness and independence.
1.4 Rusell and Whiteheads P. M. Systems and its first 15
theorems.
Topic 2
2.1 Need for the study of predicate structure of
propositions.
2.2 Definition of singular and general propositions.
2.3 Difference between propositional logic and predicate
logic.
2.4 Difference in approach between traditional logic and
predicate logic.
Topic 3
3.1 Individual constants and predicate constants.
3.2 Building up the notion of propositional function through
substitution instances.
3.3 Defining a propositional function in terms of variable
components, as the basic of generating propositions.
3.4 Obtaining propositions from propositional functions,
Instantiation and Quantification.
S.Y.B.A. / 320
3.5 Meaning of universal and existential quantifiers.
3.6 Formulating a four-fold scheme for symbolizing
general propositions.
Explaining the difference between universal general
propositions from the point of view of importance and
symbolic structure.
Comparision with A.E.I.O. Structure, Evaluation of the
square of opposition of traditional logic.
3.7 Exercises in symbolizing general proposition.
Topic 4
4.1 Explaining the need for quantification rules (enabling
the continued use of the 19 rules of inference in
arguments that are not truth functionally compound
but which are made up of non-compound general
propositions).
4.2 Explaining the nature, form and use of each of the four
quantification rules UI, UG, EI, EG (Preliminary
version), Rule of quantifier negation (Q.N.)
4.3 Processing the validity of arguments involving
quantification rule (preliminary version).
Topic 5
5.1 The basis for demonstration of invalidity of arguments
(Isomorphism and correspondence between valid
argument forms and tautologies).
5.2 Method of demonstrating invalidity of arguments in
predicate logic (through assumptions of increasing
universe of discourse).
5.3 Exercises in demonstrating invalidity of arguments
in predicate logic.
S.Y.B.A. / 321
Books for Reading
1. Copi I. M. : Symbolic Logic, relevant chapters only.
2. Copi I. M. : Introduction to Logic, relevant chapters
only.
3. Hughes and Londey : Elements of Formal Logic,
relevant chapters only.
4. Quine W.V.O : Methods of Logic, relevant chapters
only.
Books for Reference
,-) - . '.. +.'- + + -. . .. -.. ++ u.. ~.+ .
,) .. . +.+e + -.-. +. e - +- ~.+.'+ ++ ..--.
,,) - . . + ~.+.'+ ++ ..--.
Logic and Methodology of Science-Paper-II
Section II : Formal Logic (Predicates, Relations and Sets)
Topic 1
1.1 The nature and definition of multiply general
propositions two varieties : (1) Truth functionally
compound, (2) one general proposition containing
another general proposition within it.
1.2 Exercises in symbolizing both kinds of multiply
general propositions.
Topic 2
2.1 Need for revising the preliminary quantification rules
(To ensure the correct inferences by the preliminary
qualification rules in a more complex situation).
Explaining the revised form of the restrictions on each
quantification rule.
S.Y.B.A. / 322
2.2 Exercises in detecting mistakes arising out of not
adhering to the revised quantification rules.
2.3 Exercises in proving the validity arguments involving
the use of revised quantification rules, proof of logical
truths involving quantifiers.
Topic 3
3.1 Predicates and relation : Need for recognizing
relations as a distinct category of predicates.
Relational Logic as an extension of predicates logic.
3.2 The logical structure of a relational proposition in
terms of referent/relation/relatum and domain/field
coverse domain, kinds of relational propositions
according to the number of relata.
3.3 Symbolizing relational propositions and translating
symbololizing relational propositions into ordinary
language singular and general relational propositions.
Difference between relations expressed in active/
passive voice and the problem of ordering of
quantifiers.
3.4 Proving validity of arguments involving relational
propositions by direct, conditional and indirect method
of formal proof.
3.5 Properties of dyadic relations : Symmetry/Asymmetry/
Non-Symmetry, Transitivity / Intransitivity / Non-
transitivity Reflexivity/Inreflexivity/Non-reflexivity.
Characterizing given relations in terms of the above
properties. Enthymeme. Proving validity of relational
enthymemic arguments.
S.Y.B.A. / 323
3.6 Study of identity as a relation, symbolizations of
exceptive, comparative and numerical propositions,
propositions involving descriptive phrases.
(No example for proving validity of arguments,)
Topic 4
4.1 Elements of set theory :
Definitions : Sets, elements of sets, sub-set, proper sub-
set, Null-set, Universal sets, Compliment of set, Identity
of sets, modes of specifying a set : listing defining.
Basic operation on sets : Union, intersection,
complimentation.
4.2 Interpreting A.F.T.O., propositional forms in terms of
set theory and Venn diagrams.
4.3 Problems involving basic operations (above).
Books for Reading
1. Copi I. M. : Symbolic Logic (Relevant Chapters only).
2. Ehlers : Logic by way of Set Theory.
3. Suppes : Introduction to Logic (Chapters on Set theory).
4. Quine W.V.O. : Methods of Logic (Relevant Chapters).
Books for Reference
,-) - . '.. +.'- + + -. . .. -.. ++ u.. ~.+ .
,) .. . +.+e + -.-. +. e - +- ~.+.'+ ++ ..--.
,,) - . . + ~.+.'+ ++ ..--.
S.Y.B.A. / 324
(30) Gandhian Thought
(General Paper I)
Section I
Gandhian Social Philosophy and Economic Thought :
1. The spiritual basis of Nature, Human life and social
organization Gandhijis Concept of Human Nature,
Gandhijis .. of the ideal society. The Kindom of Goa
(Rama Rajya) Ethical and Social, Philosophical
implications of the concept of Rama Rajya.
2. Concept of social change, social conflict and social
reconstruction from the Gandhian point of view.
The doctrine of sarvodaya. Gandhian critique of
socialism, Communism and Marxism.
3. Gandhian principles of social reconstruction : The
principle of Varna, Dharma, Simplicity and
decentralization in social planning, Co-operation and
Trusteeship. The principles and technique of Satyagraha
for resolving social conflicts, Gandhian view of some
social problem : Untouchability, Role and Status of
Women, Communalism, communication, Family
Planning, Social Disparity, Non-Violence as the basis
of the new social order.
4. Gandhian Economic Thought as related to Gandhijis
Social philosophy. Economic equality. Economic self
reliance and self sufficiency. Decentralized economy.
Diginity of labour, Delimitation of wants, Dangers of
Industrialism. Swadeshi and Village industries. The
principle of co-operation and collective effort in India,
rural economy and the concept of Grama Dana.
S.Y.B.A. / 325
Books for Reading
(1) SarvodyayaM. K. Gandhi, Navjivan, 1957.
(2) Selection from GandhiN. K. Bose, Navjivan, 1957.
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-'-+.. -..: . -.
,) +. .'+-. . +. u - + .+. ~ +..
,) +. .'+-. . +. u - -.++. '+.
Books for Reference
(1) Towards New HorizonsPyarelal, Navjivan, 1958.
(2) Gandhi and MarkK. G. Mashruwala, Navjivan, 1951.
(3) Economic of KhadiM. Gandhi, Navjivan, 1946.
Section II
Gandhian Philosophy of Education
1. Relation of Gandhian Philosophy of Education to
Gandhijis Social Philosophy of life, General
principles of Gandhian Philosophy of Education,
Idealism, Naturalism and Pragmatism.
2. Gandhian view of the Aim and Objects of Education,
Influence of Indian Culture of Gandhijis view of
Education Influence of Tagores educational views of
Gandhiji. Dichotomy of Nature and Nature, Individual
and Social aims of education, Intellectual, Moral and
Manual aspects of Education, Gandhijis view compared
with those of Rousseau, Frobel, Pestolozzy, Montessori
and Dewey.
S.Y.B.A. / 326
3. The scheme of Basic Education or the Wardha Scheme :
Rural national education through village handicrafts,
craft as the centre of education. Education and self
sufficiency. Education and Citizenship.
4. Gandhijis view on some problem of educational : The
problems of medium of instruction, the problem of
womens education; Technological education;
Alienation of man; the problem of the teaching of
religion in education; the problem of freedom versus
discipline. Gandhiji as a Social Educationist.
Books for Reading
(1) Selection from GandhiN. K. Bose, Navjivan, 1957.
(2) The Educational Philosophy of M. GandhiM. S. Patel,
Navjivan, 1958.
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.+..+ -'-+.. -..: .
,) +. .'+-. . +. u - -.+. --. .++. +. . +. -
.+..+ -'-+.. -..: .
Books for Reference
(1) Education for LifeJ. C. Kumarappa.
(2) Basic EducationM. Gandhi, Navjivan, 1949.
(3) Towards New EducationM. Gandhi, Navjivan, 1949.
S.Y.B.A. / 327
Gandhian Thought
G-II
SOCIO-POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS THOUGHT
First Term :
1. Gandhian views regarding politics. The Indian struggle
for freedom. The nature of Swaraj and the meaning of
Freedom. Freedom for self Freedom and for nation.
Freedom as a constitutional right. The problem of ends
and means in Indian politics. Rights and duties of
a citizen. True civilization and self restraint.
2. Gandhian concept of spiritualization of politics.
Gandhian views of the nature and the functions of the
state. The state as a political institution. Gandhian
critique of totalitarianism, communism, and militarism.
Gandhi as an anarchist. Gandhi's conception of
democracy : his idea of a stateless society.
3. The concept of non-violence and satyagraha. Satyagraha
as a way of life. Various techniques of satyagraha.
Satyagraha as technique of mass movement in political
and social life. Gandhian conception of non-violent state
and non-violent nationalism. Gandhi's views regarding
eradication of war through mental and moral purificaiton
of man.
4. Gandhi's idea of the ideal society (Ram Rajya). Ethical,
social and philosophical implications of the concept of
Ram Rajya. Gandhi's views on social change and social
reconstruction. Gandhian criticism of socialism,
communism, and Marxism.
Second Term
5. Gandhi's views on decentralization in social planning.
The princiles of Trusteeship, simplicity, delimitation
of wants and the dignity of labour. The doctrine of
Sarvodaya.
S.Y.B.A. / 328
6. Gandhian views on some social problems : Untoucha-
bility, role and status of women, communalism,
over-population and poverty, exploitation and
unemployment, pollution and ecological balance,
alienation and depersonalization of man.
7. Gandhi's views on religion. His ideas of God and Truth.
Conception of true religion. Religion and morality.
Religion and practical life. Gandhian idea of Ahimsa as
related to his views on religion. Gandhi's views on
Hinduism.The idea of worship and incarnation. His
doctrine of varnashramadharma. Gandhian attitude
towards religious harmony, his conception of world
religion.
8. Role of religion in social life. Religious tolerance and
the problem of conversion. Religion and faith; religion
and science. Gandhian views of unity of various
religious institutions. Laws of love. The Problem of
religous instruction through education. Gandhian views
on secularism and the secular state.
Books
1. M. K. Gandhi : Sarvodaya : Navajivan, 1957.
2. N. K. Bose : Selections from Gandhi : Navajivan, 1957.
3. +. . +. - .+..+ -'-+. +. . '+-. . +. u - '-.. .++
. +. -.
4. +. . '+-. . + u - -.++. '+.
5. +. . '+-. . + u - -. . --.+ '+-..
6. +. . '+-. . + u - '+-.+. ~' -. '+-..
7. G. N. Dhavan : The Political Philosophy of M. Gandhi.
8. Iyer Raghavan : The Moral and Political Thought of
M. Gandhi, Oxford, 1973.
9. Pyarelal : Towards New Horizons : Navajivan, 1959.
10. Varma V. P. : The Political Philosophy of Gandhi &
Sarvodaya, Agra.
11. .. -. '+.. -+. . +.
S.Y.B.A. / 329
(31) Home Economics
General Paper I : Sociology of Family
1. Study of Sociology-Its importance for family life.
2. Family as a social institution-family as an element in
social structure. Importance in the process of
socialization of the child. Important functions of the
family.
3. Analysis of family life in India-Joint family system
and nuclear family. Contributory factors for family
organization. Primary and basic development of
human race, sense or unity and togetherness;
Interrelationships .
4. Marriage as an Institution-its nature and evolution till
present times.
5. Causes of family disorgnization and disintegration.
6. Social legislation pertaining to marriage and family
after independence.
7. Family and Child welfare services in rural and urban
setting : Role of Govt. and Voluntary agencies in the
field of welfare.
Note : Topics 1-3 to be covered in First Term.
Topics 4-7 to be covered in Second Term.
Reading Material
(1) Marriage and Family in IndiaKapadia.
(2) Feminine RolesK. N. Venkalarayappa.
(3) Human SocietyKingsley Davis.
(4) Family Socialization and Interaction ProcessParsons
and Bales.
(5) The FamilyWilliam J. Goods.
(6) Social AnthropologyMadan and Mujumdar.
S.Y.B.A. / 330
Equivalence of Subject
G 3 + G 4 = General Paper I - Special Paper I :
Physiology, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine
1. Physiology of the Human body-Skeletal system. Types
of bones and their functions-Types of joints, Muscular
System. Types and function. Circulatory System-
Composition and function of the Heart and Vein.
Respiratory System-Structure of the lungs. Digestive
System. Structure of stomach and intestine. Glands-
Types of glands and their functions. Nervous system-
Structure of Brain and Nerve Cells. Reproductory
System-Reproductive organs and their functions.
2. Hygiene-Concept of Hygiene-Personal Hygiene-
Domestic Hygiene-Filtration-Storage of food-Disposal
of Sewage.
3. Some Important Diseases; Tape worm, Nooks worm,
Cholera, Small pox, Typhoid, Malaria, Tuberculosis,
Titannus, Leprosy, Measles, Veneral Diseases.
4. Maternity Welfare : Prenatal and Postnatal Clinics,
Child care, Prevention of maternal mortality and infant
mortality.
5. Family Planning : Importance in India, Methods of
family planning.
First aid and Elements of Home Nursing
Note : Topics 1-2 to be covered during the First Term.
Topics 3 to 5 to be covered during the Second Term.
S.Y.B.A. / 331
Reading Material
(1) HygienePhadke.
(2) First Course in HygieneBister.
(3) Hygiene and Health EducationM. B. Davis.
(4) Treatise on Public Health and HygieneB. M. Bhose.
(5) Health Education in Developing CountriesAlen
C. Holme.
(6) An Introduction to Public HealthMusterad and
Stabbins.
(7) Health and Community.
(8) National Programme in Family PlanningB. Berelson.
Equivalence of the Subject
S 1 + S 2 = Special Paper I : S 3 + S 4 = Special
Paper II
Special Paper II - Food Nutrition and Dietics :
1. Food Nutrition-Function of food in daily life.
Proximate principles of food essential, Nutrients in
food, Fat, Carbohydrates, Proteins, Vitamins,
Minerals, Concept of under nutrition and malnutrition,
optimum nutrition, factors affecting digestion, basal
metabolism and utilization of energy, Calories.
2. Dietics : Concept of balanced diet, special diet for
Diabetics, Constipation, Anaemia, Ulcer, Pregnancy,
Lactation, Infancy, Childhood.
3. Meal Planning : Calculation for balanced diet
considering age, Sex occupation, Income level, Food
habits, Sterilization of food, Deficiency diseases, Beri,
Scurvy, Anaemia, Food poisoning bacteria,
Adulteration.
S.Y.B.A. / 332
4. Programmes for Public Health : Applied Nutrition
Programme, its objectives, Community Nutrition, Role
of Central and State Govts. in introducing Public Health
Measures, World Health Organization, F.A.O., School
lunch programme in India.
Note : Topics 1, 2 to be covered in First Term.
Topics 3, 4 to covered in Second Term.
Reading Material
(1) Chemistry of Food and NutritionSherman.
(2) Planned Diet for India-Our FoodC. Patanayak.
(3) Our FoodSwaminathan and E.R.A., Bhagavan.
(4) Nutrition of India, the Indian Journal of Medical
Scheme, Bombay 14Dr. V. N. Patwardhan.
(5) Principles of NutritionWilson, Fisher and Fuqua.
(6) Normal and Theraputics NutritionMacold Rose.
(7) Foundation of NutritionMacold Rose.
(8) Good House Keeping ManualMacold Rose.
(9) A.B.C. of CookeryMacold Rose.
(10) Applied NutritionR. Rajalakshmi.
S.Y.B.A. / 333
(32) Anthropology
G-2 : "Indian Tribes and Tribal Welfare"
Ist Term :
I : The study of Tribes
a) Definition
b) Distinction between caste and tribe
c) Concept of "Adivasi"
d) Types of Tribe (NT/DT/ST)
II : Classification of Indian Tribes
a) Geographical
b) Racial - (Ethnic)
c) Economic
d) Linguistic
e) Cultural
III. Youth Dormitories in Tribal India
a) Structure of Youth Dormitories
b) Functions of Yourth Dormitories
c) Universality of dormitories among the tribals
d) Types and variations of youth dormitories
IV : Ethnographic Research Method for Community
Study
- What is Ethnography
- Fieldwork tradition in Anthropology
- Preparation for fieldwork
- Academic
- Psychological
- Physical
S.Y.B.A. / 334
- Rapport and initial contact
- Data Collection and report writing
V : 'Warli' and 'Gond' in Maharshtra
i) Family, clan and other aspects of social organization
ii) Religious life
iii) Economic life
iv) Social Problems
Second Term
VI : Approaches to Tribal Welfare and Development
in India
a) The concept of Development
b) The concept of Tribal Welfare
c) Isolation
d) Assimilation
e) Integration
f) Acculturation
VII : Provisions for Tribal Welfare in the Constitution
of India
a) The concept of "Scheduled Tribe"
b) Policy of "Protective discrimination" for the
Scheduled Tribes"
c) Utility of the "Reservation Policy".
d) Consequences of the Reservation Policy.
e) Administration of the Tribal Welfare schemes -
Tribal Block. Tribal Subplan.
f) I. T. D. P. (Integrated Tribal Development
Programme)
S.Y.B.A. / 335
VIII : Social change among the Tribals
a) Factors of social change among Indian tribes
i) Industrial development
ii) Deforestation
iii) Education and Media
iv) Agriculture and Migration
IX : Problems of Indian Tribes
a) Social and Economic backwardness
b) Illiteracy - General and Particularly among women
c) School drop-outs
d) Health and Hygiene
e) Tribals in the City-Slums
f) Communications and transport (Isolation)
g) Alcoholism
h) Displacement due to development projects.
Presribed Books
1) -..: .+.- ~.'+.-. -.+. -. . +. '+ +.
2) ~.+.+.- -.-.'+ ---. .. + . + -+.
3) +.-. - - .+ -.+
4) Social Problems and social Disorganization in India -
C. B. Mammoria.
S.Y.B.A. / 336
Anthropology
(From June 1998-99)
G.2 Indian Tribes and their Welfare
I Term :
I. The Study of Tribes
(a) Definition.
(b) Distinction between caste and tribe.
(c) Concept of Adivasi.
(d) Types of tribe (NT/DTNT).
II. The Family and Marriage among the Indian Tribes
(a) Marriage typesways of acquiring matter.
(b) PolygamyPolygyny, Polyandry.
(c) Age at marriage.
(d) Status of tribal women.
(e) Divorce.
III. Kinship Organization among Tribals
(a) Principles of Kinship classification.
(b) Unilateral Kin groups.
IV. Youth Dormitory in Tribal India
(a) Structure of youth dormitories.
(b) Functions of youth dormitories.
(c) Universality of dormitory among the tribals.
(d) Types and variations of youth dormitories such
as the Ghotul and others.
V. Religion in Tribal India
(a) Beliefs and rituals in primitive religion.
(b) Nature of primitive religions.
(c) Pole of magic in tribal religion.
(d) Trends of Acculturation
S.Y.B.A. / 337
Second Term :
VI. Classification of Indian Tribes
(a) Geographical.
(b) Racial (Rthnic).
(c) Economic.
(d) Linguistic.
(e) Cultural.
VII. Approaches to Tribal Welfare and Development in
India
(a) The concept of development.
(b) The concept of Tribal Welfare.
(c) Isolation.
(d) Assimilation.
(e) Integration.
(f) Accullturation.
VIII. Provisions for Tribal Welfare in the Constitution of
India
(a) Concept of the Scheduled Tribe.
(b) Policy of Protective Discrimination for the
Scheduled Tribes.
(c) Utility of the Reservation Policy.
(d) Consequences of the Reservation Policy.
(e) Administration of the Tribal Welfare Schemes :
Tribal Block.
Tribal Sub-plan.
ITDP.
IX. Problems of Indian Tribals
(a) Social and Economic backwardness.
(b) Illiteracy-general and particularly among the
women.
S.Y.B.A. / 338
(c) School drop-outs.
(e) Healthcommunicable and non-communicable
diseases.
(f) Tribals in the cityslums.
(g) Housing problems.
(h) Communication and transport.
(i) Seasonal movements.
Prescribed Books
1. Majumdar and Madan : An Introduction to Social
Anthroplogy.
2. S. Fucus : The Aborigional Tribes.
3. Govt. of India PublicationIndia, 1996.
4. Vaidya N. S. : Samajik Anthropology.
5. Sangve Vilas : Aadivasinche Samajik Jeevan.
6. Mehendale Y. S. : Anthropology.
7. Hasueen Nadeem : Tribal India Today.
Special Course
S I : History of Anthropological Thought :
1. Pioneers in Anthropology : Montesquicu; Hency Home;
Millar; Malcnnan, Maine, Bachofen, Frazer, Aristotel,
Blucmen, Bach, Buffon, Paul Broca. 6 lectures
2. Schools of Culture Growth :
(a) Evolutionism and Diffusionism : E. Smith,
E. Gracbncr, L. H. Morgan, E. B. Tylor,
L. A. White.
(b) Historicalism : F. Boas 12 lectures
3. Structural Functionalism :
Malinovoski, R. Brown, R. Merton 10 lectures
S.Y.B.A. / 339
Text Books
(1) (a) E. E. Evans : Pritchard : History of Anthropo-
logical Thought.
(b) E. E. Evans : Pritchard : Social Anthropology.
(2) J. O. Brew : One Hundred Years of Anthropology.
(3) Penniman : Hundred Years of Anthropology.
References
(1) Coser : Sociological Theory.
(2) R. Firth : Elements of Social Organization.
(3) Encyclopaedia of Social Science.
(4) Mead, M. : Coming up of age in Sampa.
(5) Mead : Cultural Patterns in Technical Change.
(6) Marathi Encyclopaedia.
(7) Brown R. : Structure and Function in Primitive
Society.
(8) Merton, R. : Social Theory and Social Structure.
S 2 : Human Evolution and Human Variation
1. The Concept and Definition of Evolution.
Earlier theories of evolution : Concept of use and
discuss; Concept of natural selection. Concept of social
and sexual selection.
2. Primate evolution : Position of man in the Animal
King-dom, Characteristics of Primates. Comparison
between Apes and Man.
3. Fossil Man.
Conditions for fossilization - Australopithecus,
Pitchechan thropus Neanderthal Man.
S.Y.B.A. / 340
4. Evolution as seen today.
5. Race and Racism-Topics 1 to 9 for Annual Examination.
6. Criteria for Racial Classification, Races of mankind
6 lectures
7. Race Elements in India : Risley and Guha 10 lectures
8. UNESCO Declaration on Race 6 lectures
9. Varna : Origin of Caste and sub-caste and Castism
10 lectures
Text Books
(1) Kulkarni, V. S., 1983 : Bhautiki Manavshatra (Marathi)
(2) Sarkar, S. S., 1970 : Fundamentals of Physical
Anthropology
(3) Das, B. M., 1978 : Physical Anthropology
(4) Mujumdar, D. N., 1973 : Races and Cultures of India
(5) Karve, Iravati : Hindu SocietyAn Interpretation.
References
(1) Buettner Janush, 1966 : Physical Anthropology.
(2) Guha, B. S., 1938 : The Racial Elements in Indian
Populations.
(3) Hooton, E. A., 1946 : Up from the Apc.
(4) Hutton, J. H., 1935 : Census of India, 1931, Report,
Vol. I, Part I.
S.Y.B.A. / 341
(33) Mathematics Courses at S.Y.B.A./B.Sc.
S.Y.B.A. MG2
(Linear Algebra and Complex Variables)
S.Y.B.A. MSI
(Calculus)
S.Y.B.A. MS2
(Differential Equations and Combinatories)
Objectives of the papers
(1) To enable to specialize in mathematics and mathe-
matical techniques.
(2) To enable utilization of mathematics in other sciences
and professions.
(3) To enable to produce competent teachers of mathe-
matics at the school level.
S.Y.B.Sc. Paper/S.Y.B.A. MG2
Linear Algebra and Complex Variables
First Term : (Linear Algebra)
1. Vector Spaces :
1.1 Properties of vector operations in "R" Education
N-space. Norm and distance in Euclidean n-space.
1.2 General vector space-Definiton and examples,
simple properties.
1.3 Subspaces. Solution spaces of homogeneous
systems.
1.4 Linear combinations of vectors.
Linear span of vectors.
S.Y.B.A. / 342
1.5 Linear independence and dependence.
1.6 Basis and dimension. Coordinates relative to
a basis.
1.7 Row space. Column space and null space.
(Theorems without proofs).
1.8 Rank-nullity for matrices.
(Theorems without proofs). 17 Lectures
2. Inner Product Spaces :
2.1 Definition and examples. Length and distances in
inner product spaces, Properties.
2.2 Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.
Properties of length and distances in inner
product spaces.
Angle between vectors. Orthogonality.
2.3 Orthogonal and Orthonormal bases. Coordinates
relative to orthogonal and orthonormal bases.
Gram-Schmidt method, method (Examples only).
11 Lectures
3. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors :
3.1 Eigenvalues and eigenvectors definition and
examples.
3.2 Characteristic polynomial/equation.
3.3 Finding bases for eigenspaces.
3.4 Eigenvalues of triangular matrices and powers of
matrix.
3.5 Matrix diagonalization problem. Procedure for
diagonalizing a matrix. Conditions for
diagonalizability. 9 Lectures.
S.Y.B.A. / 343
4. Linear Transformations :
4.1 Definition and examples of linear transformation
properties.
4.2 Kemel and range of linear transformation.
4.3 Rank-nullity of linear transformation.
4.4 Dimension theorem for linear transformation.
4.5 Linear transformation from Rn to Rm finding.
Linear transformation from images of basis
vectors.
4.6 All linear transformations are matrix transforma-
tions. Standard matrices of linear transformations.
11 Lectures
Second Term : (Complex Variables)
1. Functions of complex variables :
1.1 Definition and examples.
1.2 Limit. Theorems on limits.
1.3 Continuity.
1.4 Derivative. Differentiable functions. Algebra of
differentiable functions. Chain rule (without
proof).
1.5 Cauchy-Riemann equations. Sufficient conditions.
C. R. equations in polar form. Formula for f1(Z0).
1.6 Definition of analytic function. The difference
between analytic and differentiable function.
1.7 Harmonic functions. Given harmonic function to
find corresponding analysis function. 14 Lectures
2. Elementary functions :
2.1 Definition of exponential function and Its
properties.
2.2 Trigonometric functions, their properties.
2.3 Hyperbolic functions, their properties.
2.4 Logz and branches of logz. 8 Lectures
S.Y.B.A. / 344
3. Intergrals :
3.1 Contour, simple arc. Line integral. Proof of the
result
3.2 Statement of Cauchy-Goursat theorem.
Definition of simply and multiply connected
regions. Antiderivatives and independence of path.
3.3 Cauchy Integral formula. Derivatives of
analytical functions.
3.4 Tayler series and Laurant series (statements only).
Examples Zeros of analytic function. 14 Lectures
4. Residues and poles :
4.1 Definition and examples of residue of a function.
4.2 Residue Theorem. Principal part of the function.
4.3 Poles and calculations of residues at poles.
4.4 Evaluation of improper real integrals. Improper
intergrals involving trigonometric functions.
Definite intergrals of trigonometric functions.
(Examples involving simple poles only).
12 Lectures
Prescribed Books
(1) Elementary Linear Algebra-Application Version
Howard Anton and Chris Rorres (IXth edition) (John
Wiley and Sons Inc.) Chapter 4 : Section 4.1 to 4.7
(section 4.6 and 4.7)(Theorems without proof),
Chapter 5 : Section 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 with mentioned
topics only. Chapter 6 : Section 6.1 and 6.2, Chapter
7 : Section 7.1, 7.2 and 7.4 with mentioned topics only.
(2) Complex Variables and Applications R. V. Churchill,
J. W. Brown (Fourth Edition) International Students
Edition), Chapter 2 : Sections 9 to 20, Chapter 3 :
Sections 21 to 25, Chapter 4 : Sections 29 to 33, 36
definitions only), Chapter 5 : Sections 44 to 46, 53,
Chapters 6 : Sections 54 to 57, 59, 60, 61.
S.Y.B.A. / 345
Reference Books
1. T. M. Apostol : Calulus Vol.II (Wiley Eastern).
2. K. B. Datta : Matrix and Linear Algebra (Prentice
Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.).
3. Seymour Lipechutz : Linear Algebra (Schaums
series).
4. L. V. Ahlfors : Complex Analysis (International
Students Edition).
5. Larry Smith : Linear Algebra (Springer-Verlag).
6. S. Ponnusamy : Foundations of Complex Analysis
(Narosa Publishing Company).
7. Donald Sarason : Notes on Complex Function Theory
(Hindustan Book Agency).
8. Theral O. Moore, Edwin H. Hadlock : Complex
Analysis (Allied Publishers Ltd. in Association with
World Scientific).
S.Y.B.A. MS1
(Calculus)
First Term : (Calculus of several variables)
Functions of two and three variables. Notions of limits
and continuity for functions of two and three variables.
5 Lectures
Partial derivatives. 3 Lectures
Chain rule. 4 Lectures
Differential differentiability. 4 Lectures
Higher order partial derivatives.
Schwartz theorem (without proof).
Youngs theorem (without proof). 3 Lectures
Eulers theorem for homogeneous function. 4 Lectures
S.Y.B.A. / 346
Taylors theorem for functions of two variables.
3 Lectures
Extreme values for functions of two variables.
Necessary condition for extreme values, sufficient
condition for existence of extreme values (without proof).
3 Lectures
Lagranges method of undetermined multipliers.
3 Lectures
Multiple integrals, Double integral, Evaluation of double
integral. 5 Lectures
Change of order of integration for two variables.
3 Lectures
Double integral in polar coordinates, triple integral and
evaluation, Jacobians, change of variables (Statement of the
rules). 4 Lectures
Applications to area and volume. 4 Lectures
Second Term : (Vector Caculus)
Vector functions of one variable, limit continuity and
differentiablility of vector functions, theorems on
derivatives. 6 Lectures
Curves in space, curvature and torsion of curve, serret,
Frenet formuale, Kinematics of a particle. 8 Lectures
Vector valued functions of several variables, limit,
continuity and partial derivatives for a vector function of two
and three variables Total Differential. 6 Lectures
Differential operators, scalar and vector fields,
Gradient of a scalar point function and its geometrical
meaning. 5 Lectures
Directional derivative of a scalar point function.
4 Lectures
S.Y.B.A. / 347
Divergence and curl of a vector point function,
div ( u + v ), div ( fu ), Curl ( u + v ), curl ( fu ), div
curl u, curl grad f div ( u + v ).
Solenoidal and irrotational vector fields. 9 Lectures
Vector integration : Line integral, surface integral,
volume integral. 3 Lectures
Greens theorem in the plane. 3 Lectures
Gausss divergence theorem (without proof).
Stocks theorem (without proof)
Examples on sphere, cube, cylinder, square. 4 Lectures
Prescribed Books
(1) A Course of Mathematical AnalysisShantinarayan.
12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 13.1, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6, 13.9, 16,
18.7, 18.8.
(2) Advanced CalculusM. R. Spiegel (Schaum Series)
Chapter 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
(3) Advanced CalculusDavid V. Widder. Chapter 1 :
Art. 3, 4, 9, 11. Chapter 2 : Art. 3, 5. Chapter 3 : Art.
3, 4. Chapter 4 : Art. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Chapter 6 : Art.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8. Chapter 7 : Art. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6.
Reference Books
(1) Calculus, Vol. II T. M. Apostol.
(2) A text-book of Vector Analysis Shantinarayan.
(3) Differential Calculus Shantinarayan.
S.Y.B.A. / 348
S.Y.B.A. MS2
Differential Equations and Combinatories
First Term (Differential Equations)
1. Differential Equations of first order and higher
degree : 6 Lectures
1.1 Equations solvable for Y.
1.2 Equations solvable for X.
1.3 Equations that do not contain x or that do not
contain y.
1.4 Equation homogeneous in x and y.
1.5 Clairauts equations.
2. Orthogonal trajectory of one parameter family of curves.
4 Lectures.
3. Linear Differential Equations. 8 Lectures
3.1 The general linear equation.
3.2 An existence and uniqueness theorem (Statement
only).
3.3 Linear independence.
3.4 The Wronskian.
3.5 General solution of homogeneous equation.
3.6 General solution of a nonhomogeneous equation.
3.7 Differential operators.
3.8 The fundamental laws of operators.
3.9 Properties of differential operators.
4. Linear Equations with constant coefficients.
6 Lectures
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Auxiliary equation : distinct roots.
4.3 Auxiliary equation : repeated roots.
4.4 Auxiliary equation : complex roots.
S.Y.B.A. / 349
5. Inverse Differential Operators. 10 Lectures
5.1 The exponential shift.
5.2 The operator 1/f(D).
5.3 Evaluation of [1/f(D]e
ax
5.4 Evaluation of (D
2
+ a
2
)-1 sin ax and
(D
2
+ a
2
)
1
cos ax.
5.5 Evaluation of [1/f (D]X
m
.
5.6 Evaluation of [1/f(D]e
ax
V.
5.7 Evaluation of [1/f(D)].x. V.
6. Non-homogeneous equations. 10 Lectures
6.1 The method of undetermined coefficients.
6.2 Reduction of order.
6.3 Variation of Parameters.
7. Linear System of Equations. 4 Lectures
7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Elementary elimination calculus.
7.3 First order systems with constant coefficients.
7.4 Solution of a first order system.
Prescribed Books
1. Elementary Differential Equations. (7th Edition)
Earl D. Rainville and Phillip E. Bedient (Maxwell
Macmillan International Edition). Chapter 3 : Art. 17.
Chapter 5 : Complete. Chapter 6 : Art. 33, 34, 35, 36,
37. Chapter 9 : Complete. Chapter 8 : Art. 43, 44, 45.
Chapter 7 : Art. 39, 40, 41. Chapter 13 : Art. 78, 79,
80, 81.
2. Introductory Course in Differential Equations
David A. Murray (Orient Longman). Chapter 6 : 61,
63, 64. Chapter 3 : 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.
S.Y.B.A. / 350
Reference Books
1. Differential Equations Frank Ayear-Schaums Series.
2. Elements of Differential Equations W. Kaplan,
Addison Wesley Publishing Co.
Second Term : Combinatories
1. General Counting Methods :
1.1 Two Basic Counting Principles : Addition
Principles and Multiplication Principles.
1.2 Simple Arrangements and selections.
1.3 Arrangements and selections with repetitions :
P (n, r
1
, r
2
, ... r
m
) = n | / (r
1
| ... r
m
| ).
1.4 Distributions :
Number of distributions of r distinct objects into
n distinct boxes is n
r
.
Number of distributions of r identical objects
into n distinct boxes is C(n + r - 1, r) = The
number of non-negative solutions to X
1
+ X
2
+ ........ + X
n
= r.
1.5 Binomial Coefficients : Binomial Identities (Omit
generalized binomial coefficient and generalized
binomial theorem).
Multinomial Theorem (Ex. 40 : Section 5.5).
20 Lectures
2. Inclusion-Exclusion Principle :
2.1 Counting with Venn diagrams.
2.2 Inclusion-Exclusion formula, Derangements,
Simple. Examples. 10 Lectures
3. Pigeonhole Principles :
3.1 Pigeonhole Principles 10 Lectures
S.Y.B.A. / 351
4. Recurrence Relations :
4.1 Recurrence relation models.
4.2 Solution of Linear Homogeneous recurrence
relations (Methods without proof). 8 Lectures
Recommended Text-books
(1) Applied Combinatorics Alan Tucker, 2nd Edition,
John Wiley and Sons, 1984, Sections : 5.1, 5.2, 5.3,
5.4, 5.5, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, Appendix 4.
Reference Books
(1) Theory and Problems of Combinatories including
Concepts of Graph Theory Balkrishnan, Schaum
Series, McGraw Hill, New York, 1995.
(2) Introductory Combinatories Richard A. Brualdi,
North Holland, New York, 1977.
S.Y.B.A. / 352
S.Y.B.A. (AMG 2)
PAPER-IV : ALGEBRA
SECTION I : First Term
1. Groups : Definition and examples, Simple
properties, sub-groups, costes, Lagranges theorem for finite
groups and its corollaries, a counting principle, normal
subgroups, quotient groups, simple groups, maximal normal
subgroups and properties. (24 lectures)
2. Homomorphism and Isomorphism :
Homomorphism : Definition & examples, Isomorphism :
Definition and exmples, Isomorphism theorem, Cauchys
theorem for finite abelian groups, Automorphism and inner
automorphism. (14 Lectures)
3. Permutation Groups : Definition and examples,
cycles, Transportations, properties, the alternating group An.
(10 Lectures)
SECTION II : Second Term
4. Rings : Definition and examples of rings, classes
of rings, simple properties, characteristic of an integral
domain. Ring homomorphism and ring isomorphism,
definitions, examples. (10 lectures)
5. Ideas : Definition and examples, Quotient ring,
Isomorphism theorem, maximal ideas, prime ideas, and their
properties. (9 Lectures)
6. Field of quotients of an integral domain.
(5 Lectures)
7. Euclidean rings : Definition and examples,
properties of Euclidean rings, divisibility unique factorization
theorem, particular Euclidean ring. (11 Lectures)
S.Y.B.A. / 353
8. Polynomial rings over field : Definition, degree
of a polynomial, division algorithm, polynomials over
the rational field. Reducibility and irreducibility of
polynomials, Eisensteins criteria. (13 Lectures)
Text Book
1. Topics in algebra I. N. Herstein (Wiley Eastern,
Indian reprint, 2nd edition)
Chapter 2 (Art. 2.1 to 2.7 up to Cauchys theorem for
abelian groups, 2.8, 2.10)
Chapter 3 (Art. 3.1 to 3.10)
Reference Books
1. A first course in Astract AlgebraJohn B. Fraligh.
PAPER V
DYNAMICS AND DIFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
SECTION I : First Term (Dynamics)
1. Basic Concepts : Time, frames, practical,
displacement, velocity, composition and resolution of
velocities, relative velocity, angular Velocity, Variable
velocity, Uniform accelerated motion, Bodies falling under
gravity and projected vertically upwords. (10 Lectures)
2. Newtons laws (Applications to Rectilinear
motion) : Mass, Momentum, Force, Newtons laws of
motion, the equation of motion, Applications to rectilinear
motion including S.H.M., Body moving in contact with
another body, motion on a smooth inclined plane.
(8 Lectures)
S.Y.B.A. / 354
3. Projectiles : The motion of a projectile and its
trajectory, Velocity at any point, target problems, range on
inclined plane. (12 Lectures)
4. Work Energy Principle and conservation Laws :
Work Power; Kinetic energy, Work Energy Principle,
Conservative forces, potential energy, Conservation of total
mechanical energy. (6 Lectures)
5. Central Orbits : Radial and transvers components
of velocity and acceleration, Areal velocity, Central orbit,
motion under inverse square law. Keplers laws of planetary
motion, Newtons laws of geviation, Satelite Orbits.
(12 Lectures)
SECTION II : Second term (Differential Equations)
6. Ordinary differential Equations in three
variables : Surfaces and curves in three dimensions,
simultaneous diffrential equations of 1st order and 1st degree.
Methods of solving Orthogonal
trajectories of a system of curves of a surface. Plaffian
differential equation in three variates, Pdx + Q dy + Rdz = 0
by (a) Inspection (b) Variable separable (c) One variable
separable (d) Homogeneous Equations (e) Natanis method
(f) Reduction to an ordinary differential equation. Meaning
of Integral curves. (24 Lectures)
7. Partial differential equations of the first order
(PDE) : Origin of the p.d.e., Cauchys Problem, linear
equations of the first order, Integral surfaces through
a given curve, Surfaces orthogonal to a given system of
surfaces, Non-linear p.d.e. of first order compatible, first
order equations, Charpits method, special types of first order
equations, Solutions satisfying given conditions, Jacobis
method. (24 Lectures)
dx dy dz
P Q R
S.Y.B.A. / 355
Text Books
1. A text book of dynamics J.N. Kapur and
J. D. Gupta (R. Chand & Co., New Delhi, 3rd Edition;
1982)
Chapter 2 (Art. 2.1 to 2.9), Chapter 3 (Art. 3.1 to 3.6),
Chapter 4 (Art. 4.1 to 4.6) Chapter 7 (Art. 7.1 to 7.7),
Chapter 9 (Art. 9.1 to 9.7),
2. Text book of dynamics M. Ray
3. Elements of partial differential equations Ian Sreddon
Mc graw Hill
Chapter I (Art. 1 to 6) Chapter 2 (Art. 1 to 7 and 9 to 13)
4. An Elementary course in partial differencial equations
by Amarnath (Narosa Publication, 1997).
S.Y.B.A. (IMG-2)
PAPER VII (a) : OPERATIONS RESEARCH
SECTION I : First Term
1. Linear Programming : Statement of L.P. P.,
formulation of L.P.P., Definition of slack variable, Surplus
variable, and artificial variable, L.P.P. in standard form and
canonical form, Definition of a solution, Feasible solution,
Basic Feasible solution (Degenerate and non-degenerate),
Optimal solution, Basic and non-basic variables. Solution of
a L.P.P. by
( i ) Grapphical Method
( ii) Simplex Method.
Simplex Method : Criteria for unbounded solution,
More than one solution, Big M method, modified objective
function (MODI) method, Examples, Duality. (24 Lectures)
S.Y.B.A. / 356
2. Transportation and Assignment problem :
(a) Transportation problem : Statement of
balanced and unbalanced transportation
problem (T.P.), Methods of finding initial
basic feasible solution (IBFS)
( i ) North-West Corner Method
( ii) Matrix Minima Method
(iii) Vogels Approximation Method (VAM).
Optimum solution of a T.P., uniqueness and non-
uniqueness of optimum solution, degeneracy and method of
resolving degeneracy. (18 Lectures)
SECTION II : Second Term
3. Sequencing : Statement of a sequencing problem
of 2 machines and n jobs, 3 machines and n jobs (reducible
to 2 machines and n jobs), Calculation of total time elapsed,
Idle time of machine, simple numerical problems.
(6 Lectures)
4. Replacement Problem : Replacement of
depreciable assest discrete case when case when money value
is not considered and when money value is considered.
(8 Lectures)
5. Theory of Games : Definitions of two person zero
sun game, Saddle point, value of game, Maxmin and minmax
strategy, mixed strategies, Method of solving a 2 2 game
use of dominance property, Graphical method (For m 2
and 2 n game), Game as L.P.P. (15 Lectures)
6. CPM : Definition of (a) event (b) active
(c) critical activity (d) project duration.
Construction of network. Definition of (a) node
(b) eadiest event time (c) least event time (d) critical path
float, Total float, free float, Independent float. (9 Lectures)
S.Y.B.A. / 357
7. Pert : Pessimistic time estimate, Optimistic time
estimate, Most likely time estimate, Calculation of S.D. of
project duration. (10 Lectures)
Text Books
1. Operations Research Hamdy Taha
2. Operations Research Gupta & Hira.
3. Operations Research S.D. Sharma.
4. PERT and CPM L. S. Srinath.
S.Y.B.A. / 358
(34) Applied Mathematics
S.Y.B.A. / 359
(35) Industrial Mathematics
S.Y.B.A. / 360
(36) Statistics
(General and Special)
Note : (1) A student of the Three-Year B.A. Degree
Course offering Statistics at the special level must offer
Mathematical Statistics as a General level subject in all the
three years of the course.
Further, students of the three-year B.A. Degree Course
are advised not to offer Statistics as the General level
unless they have offered Mathematical Statistics as
a General level subject in all the three years of the course.
(2) A student of the three-year B.A. Degree Course
offering Statistics will not be allowed to offer Applied
Statistics in any of the three years of the course.
(3) A student offering Statistics at the Special level
must complete all practicals in each Practical Paper to the
satisfaction of the teachers concerned. He/She must product
at the time of Practical Examination, the laboratory journal
alongwith the completion certificate signed by the Head of
the Department.
(4) Out of the 100 marks for each Practical paper
10 marks shall be reserved for viva-voce and 10 marks for
journal. Thus the Practical Paper shall actually carry
80 marks.
(5) Duration of the practical examination be extended
by 10 minutes to compensate for the loss of time for viva-
voce of the candidates.
S.Y.B.A. / 361
Statistics (General)
Paper I : Sampling Designs, Sample Survey and
Statistical Quality Control
1. Sampling :
1.1 Sampling from Finite Population of size N with
replacement and without replacement. Population total and
Mean as parameters.
1.2 Simple random sampling with and without
replacement, definitions, inclusion probabilities :
(a) Sample mean x as an estimator of
population mean, derivation of its
expectation and standard error.
(b) Nx as an estimate of population total,
derivation of its expectation standard error.
1 n
(c) s
2
= ( x
1
x )
2
as an estimator
n1 i=1
N
of s
2
= ( x
1
x )
2
/(N 1) and
i=1
expectation of s
2
1.3 Sampling for proportion as an application of
simple random sampling with xi as zero or one.
2. Determination of Sample Size :
2.1 Determination of the sample size for the given :
( i ) margin of error and confidence coefficient.
( ii) Coefficient of variation and confidence
coefficient.
2.2 Examples and problems.
S.Y.B.A. / 362
3. Stratified Sampling :
3.1 (a) Stratified sample as a sample drawn from
individual strata SRSWOR in each stratum.
N
i
x
i
(b) x
st
= as an estimator of population
N
mean x and Nx
st
as an estimator of
population total and standard errors of these
estimators.
3.2 Problem of allocation, proportional allocation,
optimum allocation, derivation of the expressions
for the standard errors of the usual estimators
when these allocations are used.
3.3 Gain in precision due to stratification,
comparison amongst SRSWOR, stratification with
proportional allocation and stratification with
optimum allocation.
3.4 Estimation of the gain in precision due to
stratification.
3.5 Cost and variance analysis in stratified random
sampling, minimization of variance for fixed cost.
Minimization of cost for fixed variance.
Optimum allocation as a particular case of
optimization in cost and variance analysis.
3.6 Examples and problems.
4. Ratio and regression methods of estimation :
4.1 Reasoning behind using auxiliary variate in
estimation.
4.2 Situations where ratio method is appropriate.
Situations where regression method is
appropriate.
S.Y.B.A. / 363
4.3 Ratio and regression estimators of the population
mean and population total.
4.4 Comments regarding bias, ralative efficiency (with
respect to sample mean in SRSWOR) of these
estimators (no derivation expected).
4.5 Examples and problems.
5. Systematic Sampling (Population size divisible by
sample size).
5.1 Real life situations where systematic sampling is
appropriate, Techniques of drawing a sample using
systematic sampling.
5.2 Estimation of the population mean and
population total. Standard errors of these
estimators.
5.3 Distinguishing between stratification and
systematic sampling, between SRSWOR and
systematic sampling through real life situations.
5.4 Examples and problems.
6. Sample Surveys :
6.1 Concept of distinguishable elementary units,
sampling units, sampling frame.
6.2 Objectives of a sample survey.
6.3 Designing questionnaire, Characteristics of a good
questionnaire.
6.4 Planning, execution and analysis of a sample
survey, Practical problems in planning, execution
and analysis of a sample survey.
6.5 Sampling and non-sampling errors with
illustrations.
6.6 Study of some survey illustrating the above ideas.
S.Y.B.A. / 364
7. Statistical Quality Control :
7.1 Introduction :
Meaning and Purposes of S.Q.C., Quality of
a product, need of quality control, statistical
quality control, process control, lot control.
8. Control Charts :
8.1 Chance causes and assignable causes of variation.
8.2 Statistical basis of control charts (connection with
tests of hypothesis is NOT expected).
8.3 Probability limits. 3s limits, justification for the
use of limits based on Chebychevs inequality
and large sample theory.
8.4 Criteria for detecting lack of control :
( i ) a point outside the control limits.
( ii) non-random variation within the control
limits of the following type :
(a) A run of seven or more points above
or below the control line.
(b) Presence of linear trends and cycles.
(Note : Mathematical justification is NOT expected for
(ii) only).
Use of control charts for :
( i ) Specification, (ii) Production.
9. Control charts for continuous variables :
9.1 Decisions preparatory to control chart :
( i ) choice of the variable.
( ii) basis of subgroups.
(iii) size of the subgroups.
(iv) frequency of the subgroups.
S.Y.B.A. / 365
9.2 R chart and X chart :
Purpose of R chart and X chart, construction of
R chart when the process standard deviation (s)
is not given : control limits, drawing of control
chart, plotting sample range values, Drawing
conclusions : Determination of state of the
process, necessity of revision of control limits,
estimate of s (s). Construction of X chart when
the process average is not given : control limits
based on s, drawing of control chart. Plotting
sample means. Drawing conclusion, determination
of state of process, necessity of revision of control
limits. Revision of control limits on
X chart and R chart. Construction of R chart
when the process standard deviation is specified
: control limits, drawing of control chart. Plotting
sample range. Drawing of conclusion,
determination of state of process, decision if the
process is out of control.
9.3 Construction of X chart when the process
average is specified : control limits, drawing of
control chart. Plotting of sample means.
Drawing conclusion : Determination of state of
process, decision if the process is out of control.
9.4 Process capability study : Specification limits
(both or one), natural tolerence limits, their
comparisions, decisions based on these
comparisions, estimate of percent defective. Shift
in the process average only when process
standard deviations is fixed.
^
^
S.Y.B.A. / 366
Evaluation of probability of catching the shift on
the first sample or on the subsequent sample
after the shift.
9.5 Identification of life situation. Simple numerical
problems.
10. Control chart for attributes :
10.1 Decisions preparatory to control charts :
( i ) size of the subgroup,
( ii) frequency of the subgroup.
10.2 p-chart when subgroup sizes are same and value
of the process fraction defective p is not
specified : control limits, drawing of control chart,
Plotting sample fraction defectives, Drawing
conclusions : determination of state of control.
Inerpretation of high and low spots, revision of
control limits, estimation of P.
10.3 p-chart when subgroup sizes are same and value
of the process fraction defective P is specified :
control limits, drawing of control chart. Plotting
sample fraction defective. Drawing conclusion :
determination of state of control, interpretation of
high and low spots, revision of control limits.
10.4 Process capability study : Shift in the process
fraction defective. Evaluation of probability
(using normal approximation only) of catching
the shift on the first sample or on the subsequent
sample after the shift.
10.5 p-chart when subgroup sizes are different and
value of the process fraction defective P is not
specified :
S.Y.B.A. / 367
Different types of control limits :
( i ) Separate control limits.
( ii) Control limits based on average sample size.
(iii) Stabilized control limits.
(iv) Control limits based on maximum and
minimum sample size.
Drawing of control chart. Plotting sample fraction
defective. Drawing conclusions : determination
of state of control, interpretation of high and
low spots, revision of control limits, Simple
numerical problems, comparison of p-chart and
control chart for continuous variable, identification
of real life situations.
11. c-chart :
11.1 Construction of c-chart when standard is not
given : Control limits, explanation for the use of
3s limits, drawing of control chart.
Plotting no. of defects per unit. Drawing
conclusions : determination of state of control,
interpretation of high and low spot, revision of
control limits, estimate of process parameter.
11.2 Construction of c-chart when standard is given
control limits, justification of 3s limits, drawing
of control chart.
Plotting no. defects per unit. Drawing
conclussions-determination of state of control,
interpretation of high and low spot, revision of
control limits.
11.3 Simple numerical problems, Identification of real
life situations.
S.Y.B.A. / 368
12. Acceptance sampling of attributes :
12.1 Concept, comparison between 100 percent
inspection and sampling inspection. Procedure of
acceptance sampling with rectification-single
sampling plan, double sampling plan.
Explanation of the termsprocedures risk,
consumers risk, AQL, LTPD, AOQ, AOQL,
ASN, ATI,OC and AOQ curves.
N.B. : Distinction between type A oc curve and type B
oc curve is NOT expected.
Single sampling plan.
12.2 Evaluation of probability of acceptance using :
( i ) hypergeometric (ii) binomial
(iii) Poisson and (iv) normal distributions.
Derivation of AOQ and ATI, Graphical determination
of AOQL, Determination of a single sampling plan by lot
quality and average quality approaches (numerical problems
are NOT expected).
Description of Dodge and Roming tables (numerical
problems are NOT Expected).
Double sampling plan :
12.3 Evaluation of probability of acceptance using
Poisson approximation. Derivation of ASN and
ATI (with complete inspection of second sample).
Derivation of the approximate formula of AOQ.
Description of Dodge and Roming tables. Simple
numerical problems.
12.4 Comparision of single sampling plan and double
sampling plan.
S.Y.B.A. / 369
Books Recommended
1. Cochran W. C.Sampling Techniques, Publisher :
Wiley Eastern Limited.
2. Daroga Singh, F. S. ChaudharyTheory and Analysis
of Sample Survey Designs, Publisher : Wiley Eastern
Ltd.
3. Grant E. L.Statistical Quality Control, Publisher :
Mc Graw-Hill Book Company.
4. Douglas C. MontgomeryIntroduction to Statistical
Quality Control, Publisher : John Wiley and Sons.
5. Duncan A. J.Quality Control and Industrial
Statistics, Publisher : D. B. Taraporevala Sons and
Co. Pvt. Ltd.
6. Wald A.Sequential Analysis.
7. Gupta S. P.Statistical Methods, Published by :
Sultan Chand and Sons.
8. Kapoor V. K. and Gupta S. C.Fundamentals of
Applied Stats., Published by : Sultan Chand and Sons.
9. Ronald E. WalpoleIntroduction to Statistics,
Publisher : Collier Macmillan Publishers.
Statistics (Special)
Paper I : Mathematical Statistics (I)
1. Univariate Continuous Distributions. (12)
1.1 Definition of continuous type r.v. through pdf,
definition of distribution function, statement of
properties of distribution function of a
continuous type r.v.
1.2 Expectation of a random variable, expectation of
a function of r.v., moments, raw and central
moments, evaluation of mgf, c.g.f.
S.Y.B.A. / 370
1.3 Mode, median and quartiles.
1.4 Transformation of variables : Statement of
theorem, pdf of simple monotone functions and
pdf of Y = X
2
only.
1.5 Examples and problems.
2. Standard Univariate Continuous Distributions. (24)
2.1 Normal distribution : pdf.
1 2 < x <
f (x) = e

, < m <
2p s 0 < s <
Notation X ~ N (m, s
2
)
Identification of parameters m and s
2
, nature of
probability curve, symmetry of the distribution,mode,
point of inflection, median, moments, recurrence
relation for central moments, mgf, cgf, cumulants, b
1
,
b
2
, g
1
, g
2
, standard normal distribution, additive
property, computation of probabilities using normal
probability tables, normal approximation to binomial
and Poisson distribution, distribution of a square of a
N(0, 1) variate.
2.2 Exponential distribution : pdf.
1 x
f (x) = exp ; 0 < x < , q > 0
q q
Identification of the parameter, nature of the probability
curve, moments, mgf, cgf, distribution function,
median, quartiles, lack of memory property.
2.3 Gamma distribution :
p.d.f. (two parameter form)
a
l
f (x) = e
ax
x
l1
, x 0, 0 < a, l <
l
Notation : X ~ G (a, l),
( )
1
2
( )
x m

s
S.Y.B.A. / 371
Nature of the probability curve,
Special cases : (i) a = 1, (ii) l = 1
mgf, cgf moments, cumulants, mode g
1
and g
2
distribution of the sum of n i.i.d. exponential
variates,
additive property of gamma distribution.
2.4 Weibull distribution : pdf
b x
B1
x b
f (x) = exp ; x > 0, a, b, > 0
a a a
Notation X ~ W (a, b).
Distribution function, quartiles, mean and
variance relationship with gamma distribution.
2.5 Examples and problems.
3. Continuous Bivariate Distributions. (10)
3.1 Joint pdf, evaluation of probabilities of region
bounded by straight lines and circle. Marginal
and conditional distributions, expectation of
g (X, Y), moments of a bivariate distribution,
conditional expectation, regression as a
conditional expectation, correlation coefficient.
3.2 Probability distribution of functions of bivariate
r.v.s using Jacobian of transformation.
3.3 Independence of two r.v.s, statement of
extension to n (>2) r.v.s, theorems on
expectation : E (X + Y) = E (X) + E (Y), &
E (XY) = E(X). E(Y), X and Y independent,
statement of extensions of above theorems to
n variables.
3.4 Examples and problems.
( ) ( )
S.Y.B.A. / 372
4. Chi-square Distribution. (08)
4.1 Definition of c
2
variate as sum of squares of
n.i.i.d. standard normal variates.
4.2 Derivation of pdf of c
2
with n degrees of freedom
(df), using mgf.
4.3 Nature of probability curve.
4.4 Use of c
2
tables for calculation of probabilities.
4.5 Mean, variance, mode, g
1
, g
2
mgf, cgf.
4.6 Normal approximations
c
2
n
( i )
2n
( ii) 2c
2
2n 1
(Fishers approximation), statements only.
4.7 Additive property.
4.8 Distribution of c
2
/(c
2
+ c
2
) and c
2
/c
2
where c
2
and c
2
are independent c
2
variates.
4.9 Examples and problems.
5. t - distribution. (08)
5.1 Definition of t with n.d.f. in the form
U
t =
c
2
/ n
where U is N(0.1) and c
2
is c
2
with n.d.f.
U and c
2
are independent variates.
5.2 Derivation of pdf.
5.3 Nature of probability curve.
5.4 Mean, variance and moments.
5.5 Statement of normal approximation.
1
2
1 1 2
1 2
S.Y.B.A. / 373
5.6 Use of probability tables for calculation of
probabilities.
5.7 Examples and problems.
6. F Distribution.
6.1 Definition of F with n
1
and n
2
d.f. as
c
2
/ n
1
F
n1n2
= where c
2
and c
2
are
c
1
/ n
2
independent c
2
variates with n
1
and n
2
d.f. respectively.
6.2 Derivation of pdf.
6.3 Nature of probability curve.
6.4 Mean, variance, moments, mode.
6.5 Interrelations among normal, c
2
, t and F.
6.6 Use of F-tables for calculation of Probabilities.
6.7 Examples and problems.
7. Small Sample Tests Based on c
2
, t and F Distributions.
(16)
7.1 Tests for independence of two attributes arranged
in 2 2 contingency table (Yates correction not
expected).
7.2 Tests for independence of two attributes arranged
in r s contingency table.
7.3 Test of Goodness of Fit.
7.4 Test for H
o
: s
2
= s
2
against one sided and two
sided alternatives (when mean known and
unknown).
7.5 Tests for mean : one sample and two sample
tests for one sided and two sided alternatives.
7.6 Paired ttest.
1 1
o
S.Y.B.A. / 374
7.7 Test for H
o
: = 0 against one sided and two
sided alternatives.
7.8 Test for H
o
: b = 0 against one sided and two
sided alternatives.
7.9 Test for H
o
: s
2
= s
2
against one sided and two
sided alternatives (when means known and
unknown).
7.10 Examples and problems.
8. Reliability Theory. (06)
8.1 Basic concepts, Definitions of (i) reliability
functions, (ii) hazard function of a system.
8.2 Reliability function and hazard function of a
component having life time distributions
(i) exponential, (ii) Weibull.
8.3 Paralleled and series systems of two components.
8.4 Reliability of the above systems of independent
components for (i) exponential, (ii) Weibull, life
time distributions.
8.5 Examples and Problems.
List of Books
1. Hogg, R. V. and Craig A. T. : Introduction to Mathe-
matical Statistics (Third Edition), Macmillan
Publishing Co. Inc., 866, Third Avenue, New York
10022.
2. Gupta, S. C. and Kapoor V. K. : Fundamentals of
Mathematical Statistics. Sultan Chand and Sons,
23, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002.
3. Mood A. M., Graybill F. A., Boes F. A. : (Chapt.
II,IV,V,VI) Introduction to Theory of Satistics (Third
Edition), McGraw-Hill Series QA 276, M 67, 1974,
519.5, 73-292, ISBN O-O7-042864-6.
1
2
S.Y.B.A. / 375
4. Walpole R. E. and Meyer R. H. : Probability and
Statistics (Chapters 4, 5, 6, 8, 10), Macmillan
Publishing Co. Inc., 866, Third Avenue, New York
10022.
5. Duncan A. J. : Quality Control and Industrial
Statistics, D. B. Taraporevala and Sons and Co., 210,
Dr. Dadabhai Naorosji Rd., Mumbai.
6. Walker, R. and Lev J. : Statistical Inference (Edition
1965), Halt, Rinehart and Winston, New York,
Chicago, Sanfranscisco.
7. Kenney and Keeping (Chapt. II) : Mathematics of
Statistics, Part II, W. D. Ten Broeck, Affiliated
East-West Press Pvt. Ltd., C-57, Defence Colony,
New Delhi-3.
8. Arora Sanjay and Bansilal : New Mathemathical
Statistics : First Edition : Satya Prakashan, IC/7698.
New Market, Rohatak Road, Delhi 5 (1989).
9. Kelkar M. K. : Mathematical Methods, Narendra
Prakashan, Pune.
10. Medhi J. : Statistical Methods, Wiley Eastern Ltd.,
4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002.
11. Sinha S. K. : Reliability and Life Testing : Second
Edition, Wiley Eastern, 1986.
12. Meyer P. L. : Introductory Probability and Statistical
Applications, Addison Wesley Publishing Co.,
London.
13. Apostal T. : Calculus, Vol. I (For Double Integrals).
14. Sharma-Vasistha : Mathematical Analysis II (For
Double Integrals).
S.Y.B.A. / 376
Statistics (Special)
Paper II : Practicals
Title of the Experiment
1. Fitting of regression plane for trivariate data and
computation of multiple and partial correlation
co-efficients.
2. Fitting of Poisson distribution.
3. Fitting of Normal distribution.
4. Applications of Normal distribution.
5. Large sample tests for means.
6. Large sample tests for proportions.
7. Tests based on c
2
distribution I.
(Test for variance for mean known and mean unknown).
9. Tests based on t-distribution (one-sample).
10. Tests based on t-distribution (two-sample).
11. Tests based on F-distribution and use of
Z-transformation.
12. Simple random sampling.
13. Stratified random sampling (estimation of population
mean, population total and their standard errors by
using orbitrary, proportional and Neymean allocation).
14. Cost and variance analysis in stratified random
sampling.
15. Control charts for variables.
16. Control charts for attributes.
17. Single sampling plan for attributes.
18. Double sampling plan for attributes.
19. Demography.
20. Population projection.
S.Y.B.A. / 377
(37) Mathematical Statistics (General)
Note : (1) Mathematical Statistics can be offered
only as General Level Subject.
(2) A Student of the Three-Year B.A.
Degree course offering Mathematical
Statistics will not be allowed to offer
Applied Statistics in any of the three years
of course.
Paper I : Mathematical Statistics (2)
1. Discrete Probability Distributions. (15)
1.1 Definition of countably infinite sample space with
illustrations.
1.2 Random variable (r.v.) defined on countably
infinite sample space, probability mass function
(pmf), cumulative distribution function (d.f.).
1.3 Events related to r.v.s, expectation of a discrete
r.v., moments, relation between raw and central
moments (upto fourth order only), factorial
moments (up to second order only).
1.4 Definition of bivariate discrete probability
distribution, marginal and conditional distribu-
tions, independence of two r.v.s, extension to
n ( > 2 ) r.v.s statement of theorems on
expectation : E (X + Y) = E (X) + E (Y) and
E (XY) = E (X) . E (Y) for X and Y independent
r.v.s.
1.5 Moment generating function (mgf); properties :
statement of uniqueness property, mgf of
AX + B, mgf of sum of two independent r.v.s.
S.Y.B.A. / 378
1.6 Cumulant generating function (cgf) : definition,
Properties of cgf : (i) Effect of change of origin
and scale, (ii) Additive property of cumulants,
(iii) Relation between cumulants and moments
up to order four.
1.7 Examples and problems.
2. Standard Discrete Distributions. (20)
2.1 Poisson Distribution.
pmf, moments, mgf, cgf, additive property and
its extension to n independent. Poisson r.v.s
recurrence relation of Poisson probabilities,
recurrence relations for raw and central moments,
mode, conditional distribution of X given X + Y,
Poisson distribution as a limiting form of the
binomial distribution. Illustrations of real life
situations.
2.2 Geometric Distribution.
Definition of a geometric r.v. on (i) a set of
non-negative integers, and (ii) a set of positive
integers ( as a waiting time distribution )
distribution function, mgf, cgf, lack of memory
property. Illustrations of real life situations.
2.3 Negative Binomial Distribution (NBD).
x + k1
pmf, P (x) = p
k
q
x
,
x
x : 0, 1, .....,
k > 0
Notation : X ~ NB (k, p),
mgf, cgf factorial moment generating function
(fmgf), the first four moments and cumulants,
factorial moments, recurrence relation for
( )
S.Y.B.A. / 379
negative binomial probabilities, additive property,
interpretation of X + K as a waiting time
distribution, NB (K, p) as sum of k i.i.d. geometric
r.v.s with common parameter p, Poisson
approximation to negative binomial distribution.
Illustrations of real life situations.
2.4 Examples and Problems.
3. Multiple Linear Regression and Multiple and Partial
Correlation. (16)
3.1 Notion of multiple linear regression, Yules
notations (trivariate case sample data only).
3.2 Fitting of regression planes by the method of
least squares, obtaining normal equations,
solution of normal equations by Cramers rule,
representation in determinant form, definition of
partial regression coefficients b
ij.k
.
3.3 Residuals : definition, order, properties,
derivation of variances and covariances.
3.4 Interpretation of partial regression coefficients.
3.5 Definition of multiple correlation coefficient R
i.jk
as the correlation coefficient between a variable
and its best linear predictor.
3.6 Derivation of the formula for the multiple
correlation coefficient in terms of cofactors of
correlation matrix.
3.7 Properties of multiple correlation coefficient.
3.8 Interpretation of (a) R
2
i.jk
as proportion of
variation explained by the linear regression,
(b) R
i.jk
= 0, (c) R
i.jk
= 1.
3.9 Definition of partial correlation coefficient r
ij.k
as correlation between residues.
S.Y.B.A. / 380
3.10 Derivation of the formula for r
ij.k
, in terms of the
cofactors of correlation matrix.
3.11 Properties of partial correlation coefficient :
( i ) 1 r
ij.k
1
( ii) b
ij.k
b
ij.k
= r
2
ij.k.
3.12 Examples and Problems.
4. Elements of Demography. (10)
4.1 Introduction, need of vital statistics.
4.2 Vital Statistics : Mortality rates : Crude Death
Rate (CDR), Standardized Death Rate (STDR).
Fertility and Reproduction Rates : Crude Birth
Rate(CBR), General Fertility Rate (GFR),
Age-Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR), Total
Fertility Rate (TFR), Gross Reproduction Rate
(GRR), Net Reproduction Rate (NRR).
4.3 Population projection : Introduction, Models :
( i ) Exponential growth model
( ii) Logistic growth model.
4.4 Examples and Problems.
5. Sampling Distributions. (04)
5.1 Random sample from a continuous distribution
as i.i.d.r.v.s X
1
, X
2
, ... X
n
.
5.2 Notion of a statistic as a function of X
1
... X
n
with
illustrations.
5.3 Sampling distribution of a statistic. Distribution
of sample mean X from normal and exponential
distribution. Notion of a standard error of
a statistic.
S.Y.B.A. / 381
5.4 Distribution of nS
2
= (X
i
X)
2
for a sample
from a normal population using orthogonal
transformation. Independence of X and S
2
.
5.5 Examples and problems.
6. Tests of Hypothesis. (18)
6.1 Notion : Statistical hypothesis, null and
alternative hypotheses (one sided and two sided
alternatives).
Test of hypothesis, cirtical region, Type I error
and Type II error, level of significance.
6.2 Large Sample Tests : Statement of Central Limit
Theorem (CLT) for i.i.d.r.v.s with finite
variance. Its application for testing hypothesis of
Means and proportions : one sample and two
sample tests; one sided & two sided alternatives.
6.3 Fishers Z transformation.
One sided and two sided tests for :
( i ) Ho : = o
( ii) Ho :
1
=
2
.
7. Introduction to Statistical Quality Control (SQC)(06)
7.1 Introduction and need of Statistical quality
control.
7.2 Concept of control charts, construction of X and
R charts when standards are given.
7.3 Working of single sampling plan for attributes,
calculation of probability of acceptance for a given
single sampling plan.
d
d
d
d
S.Y.B.A. / 382
Books Recommended
1. Hogg R. V. and Craig A. T. : Introduction to
Mathematical Statistics (Third Edition), Macmillan
Publishing Co. Inc., 1966. Third Avenue, New York
10022.
2. Gupta S. C. and Kapoor V. K. : Fundamentals of
Mathematical Statistics, Sultan Chand and Sons, 23,
Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002.
3. Mood A. M., Graybill F. A., Boes E. A.: (Chart II, IV,
V, VI) Introduction to Theory of Statistics (Third
Edition), McGraw-Hill Series Q.A. 276, M 67 1974,
519.5, 73-292 ISBN.
4. Walpole R. E. and Mayer R. H. : Probability and
Statistics (Chapter 4, 5, 6, 8, 10), MacMillan
Publishing Co. Inc., 866, Third Avenue, New York
10022.
5. Duncan A. J. : Quality Control and Industrial Statistics
(For Statistical quality control and Multiple regression
correlation, Partial correlation), D. B. Taraporevala
and Sons and Co., 210, Dr. Dadabhai Naurosjee Rd.,
Mumbai.
6. Gupta S. C. and Kapoor V. K. : Fundamentals of
Applied Statistics (for Vital Statistics and Fitting of
Growth Curves), Sultan Chand and Sons, 23, Daryaganj,
New Delhi 110002.
7. Walker R. and Lev J. : Statistical Inference (Edition
1965), Hall Rinehart and Winston, New York,
Chicago, San Francisco.
S.Y.B.A. / 383
8. Kenney and Keeping (Chap. II) : Mathematics of
Statistics, Part II, W. D. Ten Broeck affiliated
East-West Press Pvt. Ltd., C-57, Defence Colony,
New Delhi 3.
9. Arora Sanjay and Bansilal : New Mathematical
Statistics : First Edition, Satya Prakashan, 16/9698,
New Rohatak Road, New Delhi 5 (1989).
10. M. K. Kelkar : Mathematical Methods, Narendra
Prakashan, Pune.
11. Medhi : Statistical Methods, Wiley Eastern Ltd.,
4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002.
12. Sinha S. K. : Reliability and Life Testing : Second
Edition, Wiley Eastern, 1986.
13. Meyer P. L. : Introductory Probability and Statistical
Applications, Addison Wesely Publishing Company,
London.
S.Y.B.A. / 384
(38) Applied Statistics (General)
Paper I : Applications of Statistics and
Theory of Probability
Note : (1) Applied Statistics can be offered only as
a General level subject.
(2) A student of the Three-Year B. A. Degree
Course offering Applied Statistics will not
be allowed to offer Mathematical Statistics
and/or Statistics in any of the three year of
the course.
1. Index Numbers :
1.1 Meaning and utility of index numbers,
considerations, arising in the construction of
index numbers.
1.2 Weighted and unweighted index numbers.
1.3 Shifting of base, splicing, deflating, purchasing
power.
1.4 Various types of index numbers (viz. Laspeyres,
Paasche, Fisher, Walsh, Marshall-Edgoworth,
Dorbish-Bowley, Kelly).
1.5 Examples and Problems.
2. Time Series :
2.1 Meaning and usefulness of time series analysis.
2.2 Components of a time Series : trend, seasonal,
cyclical and irregular.
2.3 Additive and Multiplicative models.
S.Y.B.A. / 385
2.4 Methods of estimating trend :
( i ) Graphical method.
( ii) Method of semi-averages.
(iii) Method of moving averages.
(iv) Method of least squares.
2.5 Methods of estimating seasonal component :
( i ) Method of averages.
( ii) Ratio to trend obtained by moving averages.
3. Permutations and Combinations :
3.1 Definitions of permutation and combination.
3.2 Relation between permutation and combination.
( i ) ( ) = ( )
( ii) ( ) + ( ) = ( )
3.3 Examples and problems.
4. Probability :
4.1 Concept of a set.
4.2 Concept and definition of union, intersection of
two sets, complement of a set.
4.3 Concept of random experiment, sample space,
event.
4.4 Definition of event, impossible event, sure event,
mutually exclusive events, exhaustive events.
4.5 Problems on sample sapce, events for given
random experiment.
4.6 Classical definition of probability.
4.7 Examples.
4.8 Probability model.
4.9 Axioms of probability.
n
r
n
n-r
n n n+1
r r1 r
S.Y.B.A. / 386
4.10 Theorems of probability :
( i ) P (A) + P (A) = 1
( ii) O P (A) 1
(iii) P (f) = O
(iv) If AB then P (A) P (B)
( v) P (AB) = P (A) + P (B) P (AB)
(vi) P (AB) P (A) + P (B)
(vii) Statements for 3 events for (v) and (vi).
4.11 Examples.
4.12 Definition of conditional probability.
4.13 Deriving the formula for conditional probability
P (A/B) when A B or B A or A B = f.
4.14 Theorem on P (AB).
4.15 Concept and definition of independence of two
events.
4.16 Pairwise independence and complete indepen-
dence in case of three events.
4.17 Simple problems and examples.
5. Discrete Random Variable (r.v.) :
5.1 Definition of a discrete r.v.
5.2 Definition of probability mass function (p.m.f.)
of a discrete r.v.
5.3 Examples.
5.4 Definition of expectation of a discrete r.v. X and
expectation of linear combination of a discrete
r.v.
5.5 Definition of variance of a discrete r.v. X.
5.6 Examples.
S.Y.B.A. / 387
6. Special Discrete Distributions :
6.1 Discrete uniform distribution : p.m.f. mean and
variance. Illustrations of real life situations where
this distribution can be applied.
6.2 Binomial distribution : Notation : X ~ B (n, p)
p.m.f., mean and variance, additive property
(derivations excluded). Illustrations of real life
situations where the distribution can be applied.
6.3 Poisson distribution : Notation X ~ P(m) pmf,
mean and variance, additive property (derivations
excluded). Illustrations of real life situations where
the distribution can be applied. Computation of
probabilities of events related to a Poisson r.v.
6.4 Geometric distributions :
p.m.f., mean and variance, Computation of
probabilities of events related to a geometric r.v.
6.5 Problems.
7. Population Census :
General Principles of population census, utility of
de-facto and de-jure methods.
8. National Income :
8.1 Definition (three approaches : Product, income
and expenditure).
8.2 Methods of estimating national income : product
method, income method, expenditure method and
social accounting method.
S.Y.B.A. / 388
Books Recommended
1. Gupta S. C., Kapoor V. K. : Fundamentals of Applied
Statistics, Publisher : Sultan Chand and Sons,
New Delhi.
2. Goon, Gupta, Dasgupta : Fundamentals of Statistics,
Vol. II, Publisher : Shripati Bhattacharjee for the World
Press Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta.
3. Lipschutz : Probability and Statistics, Publisher :
Schaums Outline Series, New York.
4. Walpole, Myers : Probability and Statistics,
Publisher : Mcmillan Publishing Co., New York.
5. Allen, R. D. : Statistics for Economics, Publisher :
Hutchinson and Co. (Pub.) Ltd., London.
6. Walpole R. P. : Introduction to Statistics, Publisher :
Mcmillan Publishing Co., New York and Collies
Mcmillan Publishers, London.
7. Asthana B. N. and Srivastava S. S. : Applied Statistics
of India, Published by Srivastava.
S.Y.B.A. / 389
(39) Mathematical Pre-Requisites (General)
(From June 1989)
Section I
A Review of Logarithms and Exponents :
Power Functions. Exponential Functions. Natural
Exponential Functions. Loga. Log Formation. Interpolation.
Antilogarithms. Rules of Logarithms. Natural Logarithms.
Logarithmic Solutions of Exponential Functions.
Relationship between Logarithmic and Exponential
Functions.
Exponential, Logarithmic and Power Functions in
Economics :
Interest Compounding. Effectives, Nominal Rates of
Interest Discounting. Discouting Future Stream of Income.
Conversion Factor for Discrete and Continuous Growth.
Estimating Growth Rates from Data Point. Homogeneous
Production Function. Returns to Scale.
Differentiation of Exponential Logarithmic and Power
Functions :
The Power Function Rule. The Rule for Natural
Exponential Functions. The Exponential Function Rule (for
Base a). The Rule for Natural Logarithmic Functions. The
Logarithmic Function Rule. Higher Derivatives. Partial
Derivatives. Optimization of Exponential and Logarithmic
Functions. Alternative Measures of Growth. Optimal timing.
Constrained Optimization of a generalized Cobb-Douglas
Function.
Integral Calculus : The Indefinite Integral :
Integration. Rules of Integration. Initial Conditions and
Boundary Conditions. Integration by Substitution.
Integrations by Parts. Economic Applications.
S.Y.B.A. / 390
Section II
Intergral Calculus : The Definite Integral :
Area Under a Curve. The Definite Integral. The
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Properties of Definite
Integrals. Present Value of Cash Flows. Consumers and
Producers Surplus. The Definite Integral and Probability.
Differential Equations :
Definitions and Concepts, General Formula for First-
Order Linear Differential Equations. Exact Differential
Equations. Integrating Factors. Rules for the Integrating
Factor. Separation of Variables. Bernoulli Equations.
Economic Applications.
Different Equations :
Definitions and Concepts. General Formula for First-
Order Linear Difference Equations. Stability Conditions.
Lagged Income Determination Model. The Cobweb Model.
The Harrod Model.
Text Book
Mathematics for Economics : Edward T. Dowling
(Schaums Outline Series : Mc-Graw Hill Book Company).
S.Y.B.A. / 391
(40) Statistical Pre-Requisites (Special)
The Courses in Statistical Pre-requisites may be
offered only by candidates offering one of the Social
Sciences as their Special Subject at the B.A. Degree
Examination.
The course Mathematical/Statistical Pre-requisites
can not be offered by those who offer any of the courses in
the Mathematics/Statistics Groups for their B.A.
Examination.
First Term
Probability and Probability Distributions :
1. Concept of Probability, Computation of Probability by
Direct.
2. Enumeration of Cases.
3. Theorems of total and Compound Probability.
4. Probabilities of Hypothesis and Bayes theorem.
5. Use of Difference Equations is solving Problems of
Probability.
6. Games of Chance.
7. Mathematical Expectation.
8. Standard Distributions : Binomial Poisson. Negative
Binomial. Logarithmic. Hypergeomatric. Normal. Their
Means and variance.
References
(1) Uspensky, J. V. : Introduction to Mathematical
Probability, Chs. I to V, VIII and IX.
(2) Kendall, M. G. and Stuarr : Advanced Theory of
Statistics, Vol. I, Ch. V., Allan.
S.Y.B.A. / 392
Second Term
Demography :
1. Measurement of Mortality
2. Construction of Life Tables
3. Mortality Projections and Theories
4. Family Formation, Composition and Dissolution
5. Measurement of Fertility and Reproduction.
Reference
Mortimer Spiegleman : Introduction to Demography,
Chs. 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9.
S.Y.B.A. / 393
(41) Commerce
(General)
Double Entry Book-keeping and Cost Accounting
First Term
Double Entry Book-keepting :
1. Book-keepingMeaning objects, importance,
Elements of Double Entry.
2. Rules of JournalisingClassification for Accounts
Journal and Ledger Accounts.
3. Subsidiary Books.
4. Cash Book with Cash, Bank and Discount Column
Petty Cash Book.
5. Bank Reconciliation Statement.
6. Trial Balance and Rectification of Errors.
7. Final Accounts of Sole Trader-Trading Account, Profits
and Loss Account and Balance Sheet.
Second Term
Cost Accounting :
1. Cost AccountingIntroduction, Meaning, Objects,
Importance, Limitation of Financial Accounting.
2. Elements of CostCost Sheet :
(a) Material : Purchasing procedure, Stores routine,
Methods of valueing, Material issues : LIFO and
FIFO methods.
(b) Labour : Time Keeping and Time booking
various methods of remunerating labour.
(c) Overheads : Types of overheads.
Note : Problems be set on Cost Sheet, tender LIFO and
FIFO Methods of Material Princing.
S.Y.B.A. / 394
Reference Books
1. Advanced Accounting by Shukla and Grewal.
2. Book-Keeping and Accountancy by M. G. Patkar.
3. Book-Keeping and Accountancy by D. H. Chodhary
and L. N. Chopda.
4. Cost-Accounting by B. K. Bhar.
5. Cost-Accounting by Jain Narang.
Commerce (General)
(w. e. f. Academic Year 2004-2005)
Title : Business Accounting
First Term
1. Concept of Double Entry Book-Keeping - Meaning,
Objects, Importance, Utility and Principles of Double
Entry
2. Rules of Journalising - Classification of Accounts -
Ledger
3. Subsidiary Books - Uses, Forms, Posting. Use of Journal
Proper
4. Cash book with Cash, Bank and Discount Column -
Petty Cash Book
5. Trial Balance - Meaning, Form and Necessity
6. Final Accounts of Sole Trader - Trading Account, Profit
and Loss Account and Banlance Sheet.
Second Term
7. Elementary Study of Cost Accounting - Meaning,
Objects. Importance of Cost Accounting. Limitations of
Financial Accounting
S.Y.B.A. / 395
8. Elements of Cost
I. Material - Purchasing Procedure - Methods of
Valuing Materials on LIFO and FIFO methods.
II. Labour - Time keepint and Time Booking.
III. Overheads - Meaning and Types of Overheads.
Note : Problems should be covered on the following
topics :
a. Journal Entries.
b. Subsidiary Books -
Purchase Book, Sale Book, Purchase Return Book and
Sales Return Book.
c. Cash Book -
Cash Bank and Discount Column and Petty Cash Book.
d. Final Account of Sole Trader (Simple Problem).
e. Cost Sheet (Simple problem).
f . LIFO or FIFO.
Reference Books
Advanced Accounting by Shukla and Grewal
Book-Keeping and Accountancy by M.G. Patkar
Book-Keeping and Accountancy by D. H.
Choudhary and L. N. Chopda
Cost-Accounting by B. K. Bhar.
Cost-Accounting by Jain Narang.
S.Y.B.A. / 396
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S.Y.B.A. / 398
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Practical :
On previous portion - 16 marks (8 marks for ~.-+
8 marks for other items)
On the current term - 24 marks (12 marks for ~.-+
and 12 marks for other items).
Yogavidya :
System of Examination and Scheme of Marking (85 Pattern)
F.Y.B.A.-Yogavidya-Q. Paper No. I 100 marks
S.Y.B.A.-Yogavidya-Q. Paper No.II 100 marks
T.Y.B.A.-Yogavidya-Q. Paper No.III 100 marks
System of Examination and Scheme of Marking for each
Paper from above will be as below :
Examination Marks for Practical Marks for Theory
(1) Term End 60 to be
reduced to 20
(2) Year End 50 30

Total... 50 50
S.Y.B.A. / 399
N.B. : In the Year-End Examination, both in Theory
and Practical the proportion of the portion of
Ist and IInd term for setting the questions
will be as below :
Ist Term 16 Marks
IInd Term 24 Marks.
S.Y.B.A. / 400
(43) Social Work (General)
Introduction : Fields of Social Work
First Term
1. Definition and broad areas of fields of Social Work.
2. Fields of Social Welfare (with special reference to
India) :
1. Child Welfare
2. Family Welfare
3. Tribal Welfare
4. Rural Welfare
5. Urban Welfare
6. Youth Welfare
7. Walfare of the aged
8. Labour Welfare
9. Welfare of the weaker sections
10. Correctional Welfare
11. Medical and Psychiatric Social Work.
3. The elementary knowledge, i.e. the definition, nature,
scope and functions of Social Welfare in these areas
is expected.
Books
(1) Field of Social Work : A. E. Fink.
(2) Methods and Fields of Social Work in India : K. K.
Jacob, Asia Publishing House, Bombay.
(3) Social Work and Social Work Education : Dr. M. S.
Gore, Asia Publishing House, Bombay.
(4) Social Work in India : S. K. Khindukar.
S.Y.B.A. / 401
Second Term
Population Education :
1. Concept of Population Education.
2. Population growth-Past and Present trends :
(a) Maharashtra (b) India
(c) World.
3. Population Dynamics :
( i ) Determinants of Population growth-Fertility,
Mortality, Orbidity, Migration
( ii) Factors affecting population growth :
(a) Socio-cultural factors
(b) Economical factors
(c) Biological factors
(d) Psychological factors.
4. Population growth and its effect on family and Socio
economic development :
(a) Large size family and effects on family life.
(b) Population growth and production
(c) Poor standard of living and its causes
(d) Food and housing problem
(e) Unemployment
(f) Education
(g) Anti-Social mal-practice.
Reference Books
(1) Tragedy of too many-Mr. S. L. Ogale.
(2) Indias Population Problem-Shri. S. N. Agarwala.
(3) +. -+ ~.+- S. L. Ogale.
S.Y.B.A. / 402
First Term
Child Development and Child Care
Objectives of the Course :
( i ) To develop understanding in students regarding
the children and their development needs.
( ii) To impart skills in working with children and
to work as facilitator of development.
Content :
( i ) Meaning, characteristics and objectives of
development.
( ii) Factors contributing to development of children.
(iii) Physical-Psycho-Social-Emotional development
of children from conception to adolescence (0 to
14 years) (Conception Prenatal, Postnatal-Infancy,
preschool, prepuberty and adolescence).
(iv) Problems of growing up and need for gurdance.
( v) Care, treatment and prevention of childhood
diseases.
(vi) Play, activities, recreation -Socio-cultural-
programmes-their relevance to growing children.
(vii) Needs and rights of children.
Reference Books
(1) Introduction of Child Development-Dr. Kamala Bhoots,
Mrs. Nirmala Kher and Durrett.
(2) Development Psychology-Dr. Elizabeth Hurlock.
Health Nutrition and Family Life Education
S.Y.B.A. / 403
Objectives of the Course :
1. To enable the students to understand the significance
of health, nutrition and family life education as
a contribution to development of an individual and
health family living.
2. To prepare young students for the rights and
responsibilities of adulthood.
3. To create an awareness about the better standards of
health.
Content of the course :
1. Concept of health, nutrition and family life education.
2. Health status and nutritional status of children and
women in India.
3. Factors and conditions responsible for good health and
healthy living-Balance diet-diseases due to malnutrition
and undernourishment.
4. Nutrients and their effects on health.
5. Content of family life education.
6. Human reproductive process as basis for understanding
human fertility and control, sex education and its
importance, significance of marriage, role and
responsibility, Management of the house.
Reference Books
(1) Planned Diet for IndiaC. Patanayak.
(2) Our FoodS. Swaminathan and E. R. A. Bhagawan.
(3) Nutrition of IndiaDr. V. N. Patwardhan.
(4) Foundation of NutritionMacold Rose.
(5) Applied NutritionR. Rajlaxmi.
S.Y.B.A. / 404
Second Term
Organization of Social Welfare and Social Services
Objectives of the Course :
( i ) To acquaint students regarding the organizational
and administrative structure of the social welfare
and social services in India with particular
reference to Maharashtra State.
( ii) To create an awareness in student regarding the
importance of social planning and role of the
state.
Content :
( i ) Meaning and objectives of Social Welfare and
Social Service Administration.
( ii) Principles and functions of Social Welfare and
Social Services Administration.
(iii) Organization of Social Welfare and Social
Services and Administration :
(a) Central
(b) State Statutory and non-statutory.
(c) Voluntary.
(iv) Institutional Services for women, children,
handicapped and socially, economically and
culturally backward communitiesorganization,
administration, planning and budgeting,
procedures and practices.
( v) Non-Institutional Services for children, youth,
aged women programme in Maharashtra State
(particular), India in general.
(vi) Office procedure record and register keeping,
Supervision of activities, Budgeting and
accounting.
S.Y.B.A. / 405
Reference Books
(1) Social Welfare Administration-Dr. D. Paul Chaudhary.
(2) History and Philosophy of Social Work in India-Edited
by A. R. Wadia.
Human relation and approaches to human problems :
Objectives of the Course
( i ) To develop understanding in student about the
human society and structure.
( ii) To enable them to understand the nature, type
and characteristics of relationships.
(iii) To impart skills in handling the problems of
interpersonal relationships and to create and
awareness regarding their effects upon human
development.
Content :
(a) Characteristics of human society.
(b) Nature and types of human relationships.
(c) Types of groups and group dynamics.
(d) Impact of relationship on human development.
(e) Process of socialization of children.
(f) Relationship as a tool in the helping process.
(g) Adjustment in human relationships and family
living.
Reference Books
(1) Introduction to Social Psychology-Dr. Akolkar.
(2) Child Development-Dr. Mussen and Conger.
S.Y.B.A. / 406
(44) Public Administration
General Paper 2:Elements of Public Administration
Section I
(The subject is to be studied with reference to the
administrative system in India.)
1. Nature and scope of Public Administration - Various
approaches to the study of Public Administration.
2. Public and Private Administration.
3. Organization : Chief Executive-Staff and Line agencies.
Forms of organization : Department, Commission and
Board, Public Corporation.
4. Management : Leadership, Policy Formation, Decision
making, Planning, Co-ordination, Delegation,
Communication, Supervision, Public relation and
Publicity.
Recommended Books
(1) Avasthi, A. and Maheswari, S. : Public Administra-
tion : (Agra, Laxmi Narain Agarwal, 1984).
(2) Sharan, Parmatma : Modern Public Administration
(Meerut, Meenakshi Prakashan).
(3) Sachadeva, D. R. and Sogani, Meena : Public
Administration : Concepts and Applications, Vol. I
(New Delhi, Associated Publishing House, 1980).
Section II
(The subject is to be studied with reference to India)
1. Personal Administration : Civil Services Recruitment-
Training promotion-Conditions of Service-Employer-
Employee relations.
S.Y.B.A. / 407
2. Financial Administration : Budgetory Process-Financial
Committee of the Parliament-Administrative Control
over Public Expenditure-Accounts and audit.
3. Judicial Administration : Delegated legislation-Types
of administrative adjudication-Administrative tribunals
in India.
Recommended Books
(1) Avasthi, A. and Matheswari, S. : Public Administra-
tion : (Agra, Laxmi Narain Agarwal, 1984).
(2) Sharan, Parmatma : Modern Public Administration
(Meerut, Meenakshi Prakashan).
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Special : Paper I
Local Government-(India)
Section I
1. Local Government :
Meaning and Significance
2. Democratic Decentralization in India.
3. Panchayat Raj :
(a) Different Patterns
(b) Organization
(c) Powers
(d) Functions
(e) Finances
(f) Leadership
(g) Relations between elected office-bearers and
bureaucracy.
S.Y.B.A. / 408
4. Urban local bodies in India :
(a) Organization
(b) Powers
(c) Functions
(d) Finances
(e) Relations between the deliberative and the
executive wings.
5. Metropolitan problem.
6. Relations of local bodies with higher governments.
Books
(1) G. Ram Reddy (ed.) : Patterns of Panchayat Raj in
India (Delhi, Macmillan Co. of India Ltd., 1977).
(2) Avasthi, A. (Ed.) : Municipal Administration in India
(Agra, Laxmi Narain Agarwal, 1972).
(3) Srivastava, O. P. : Municipal Government and
Administration in India (Allahabad, Chug Publication,
1980).
(4) Bhatnagar, S. : Rural and Local Government in India
(New Delhi, Light and Life Pub., 1978).
Section II
(England, U.S.A. and France)
1. Historical evolution
2. Councils
3. Committees
4. Executive
5. Functions
6. Finances
7. Relations with higher governments.
S.Y.B.A. / 409
Books
(1) Khanna, R. L. : Local Government in Foreign
Countries (Chandigarh, Mohindra Capital Publishers,
latest edn.)
(2) Nigam, S. R. : Local Government (New Delhi,
S. Chand and Co., 1975).
(3) Redeliffe and Maud Bruce Wood : English Local
Government Reforms (London, Oxford University
Press, 1974).
(4) Adrian : State and Local governments (New York,
McGraw Hill, latest edn.).
(5) Blondel Jean : The Government of France (New York,
Thomas Y. Crowel Co., 1974).
Special Paper 2 :
Economic Planning Agricultural, Industries.
Section I
Development Administration
(The subject is to be studied with special reference to India)
1. Concept of Development; Development Administra-
tion-Importance and scope of Development
Administration.
2. Machinery of Development Planning and Plan
Execution at the National level.
3. Significance of Agricultural Administration in
a development in Country like India-Problems of
Agricultural Administration.
4. Industrial Policy and its implementation in India.
S.Y.B.A. / 410
Recommended Books
(1) Birkeshwar Prasad Singh and Sakendra Prasad
Singh : Dimensions of Development Administration
in India (Patna, Swarna Prakashan).
(2) Chatterjee, S. K. : Development Administration : With
Special Reference to India (Delhi, Surjeet Publications,
1981).
(3) Srinivasan, N. : Agricultural Administration in India
(New Delhi, Indian Institute of Public Administration).
(4) Pai-Panandikar, V. A. (ed.) : Development Administra-
tion in India (Macmillan, 1974).
(5) Ghosh, Alka : Indian Economy-its Nature and Problems
(Calcutta, World Press Pvt. Ltd., latest edition).
Section II
Social and Political
(Education, Health, Medicine, Social Welfare, Panchayati
Raj)
1. Politics and their implementation and organization for
Education, Health and Medicine, Social Welfare.
2. Panchayati Raj as an agency for development
administration.
3. Role of voluntary organizations in the field of
development administrations.
S.Y.B.A. / 411
Recommended Books
(1) Government of India, Planning Commission Social
Welfare in India (1950).
(2) Encyclopaedia of Social Work in India, Vol. I and II
(New Delhi, Planning Commission, Government of
India, 1986).
(3) Inamdar, N. R. : Educational Administration in the
Zilla Parishads in Matharashtra (Bombay, Popular
Prakashan, 1974).
(4) Chatterjee, S. K. : Development Administration : With
special reference to India (Delhi, Surjeet Prakashan,
1981).
(5) Bhalerao, C. N. (ed.) : Administration, Politics and
Development in India.
S.Y.B.A. / 412
(45) Home Science
Introduction to Human Development :
General Paper
Introduction :
1. Significance of parenthood, child care and develop-
ment, Role of Heredity and Environment. Stages and
Principles of development. 2 hours
2. Pre-natal Period : Conception, signs and symptoms of
pregnancy, Nutrition, hygiene, medical care and
supervision during pregnancy; Common disorders of
pregnancy and their treatment, Preparation for
confinement, factors influencing pre-natal growth and
development, foctal presentations fabour stages of
labour and the birth experience; types of birth,
Prematurity. 7 hours
3. Post-natal Period :
1. Neonatal phase and the adjustments after birth.
2. Infancy and Toddlerhood; infant care and hygiene,
Feeding, breast feeding, bottle feeding and weaving;
clothing; Immunization; Teething; common ailments,
Habit formation, feeding, toilet training, sleep and play
habits, safety measures to be adopted at home sibling
rivalry-preparing the older children for the arrival of
a new-born in the family. 7 hours
3. Childhood years and the development aspects :
(a) Physical and motor development; Development
of motor skills during childhood. 2 hours
(b) Emotional development; common childhood
emotionstheir arousal and responses. 2 hours
(c) Intellectual development-concept format 2 hours
S.Y.B.A. / 413
(d) Language development-forms of prospect-
communication. Process of learning to speak;
selection of story books and reading material for
children. 3 hours
(e) Social development-socializing agents; social
behaviour of children and its forms during early
childhood. 3 hours
(d) Moral development-Discipline and disciplinary
techniques. 1 hour
4. Play :
Learning through play : values and types of play;
selection of toys and play materials for various age
groups. 3 hours
5. Nursery School :
Objectives of nursery school; characteristics of an ideal
nursery school. 2 hours
6. Problem Children :
Types of problems-their causes and remedies 2 hours
Special Paper
S. I-A. Human Development
B. Population Dynamics
S. II-A. Home Management
B. Interior Decoration
Special Paper I :
Human Development :
(a) Elementary Psychology
(b) Life span development
(c) Creative activities for children
(d) Guiding child behaviour
(e) Children with special care
(f) Field work.
S.Y.B.A. / 414
Population Dynamics :
Topic No. I : Basic concepts of Demography like
Fertility, Mortality and Migration.
Topic No. II : Main sources of demographic data viz.
census and vital registration system.
Topic No. III : Demographic characteristics of Indias
population viz. age, sex, literacy, rural/
urban.
Topic No. IV : Indias population growth 1901 to 1981.
Topic No. V : Population pressure and economic
development.
Topic No. VI : Need for population Education. Evaluation
of Indias Family Welfare Programme and
Measure to make it more effective among
Indias Masses.
Books Recommended
(1) Elementary Psychology, General Psychology-Henry
E. Garrcg.
(2) Introduction to Psychology-Hilgard and Atkinson.
(3) Psychology-Gilmer.
(4) Psychology-Munn.
(5) Human Growth and Development-Elizabeth Harlock.
(6) Psychology of Child-Watson.
(7) Human Development-Gorden.
(8) The Developing Child-Bursbanc.
(9) Rewarding Creative Behaviour-Torrance (Experiments
in Class room Creativity).
(10) Children with special care, Psychology of Human
Differences-Tyler
(11) Behavioural Change-Weirkrants.
(12) Indian Population Problems-S. N. Agarwala, Tata
Mc-Graw Hill, 1979.
S.Y.B.A. / 415
OR
(13) Indian Social Problems-C. B. Mamoria, Kitab Mahal,
1981.
(14) Population Studies-Hansraj, Surjeet Publications,
7-K, Kolhapur Road, Kamal Nagar, Delhi 110007.
(1982).
Special Paper II :
Home Management :
(a) Principles of Management :
( i ) Concept of values
( ii) Interrelatedness of values, goals and
standards.
(b) Process of decision-making :
( i ) Defining the problems
( ii) Identifying the alternatives
(iii) Types of decision
(iv) Decision taking due to experience and
knowledge.
(c) Household requirements :
( i ) Basic things required in the house
( ii) Furniture
(iii) Draperies
(iv) Rugs and carpets.
Interior Decoration :
(d) ( i ) Elements of art
( ii) Principles of design
(iii) Flower arrangement
(iv) Arrangements of furniture
( v) Picture hanging
S.Y.B.A. / 416
(e) Principles of design :
( i ) Proportion, balance, emphasis, rhythm,
repetition.
(f) House Keeping :
( i ) Care and cleaning of household equipment.
( ii) Home furnishings.
(g) Family and Law.
Recommended Books
(1) Management in family living by Nickel Paulena and
Dorsey.
(2) Better Homes by M.A. Nidhani.
(3) Text book of household arts by Soundarray Stella.
(4) Home furnishing by Anna Hong. Rutt.
(5) Modern ideal homes by R. S. Despande.
(6) Elements of Homes Science by Premlata Mullick.
(7) Home Management Context and Concepts by R. E.
Deccan and F. M. Frebaugh.
(8) Management in the Home by M. Lillian Gilberth.
(9) Household equipment by L. J. Peet and H. S. Pickett.
S.Y.B.A. / 417
(46) Adult Education
Scheme of Courses for Adult Education for B.A.
(General and Special)
Second Year GeneralContent, Approach, Methods &
Evaluation, Adult Education-Paper-II
Special Paper I : History of Adult Education in Selected
Developing Countries or Adrogogy.
Special paper II : Management of Adult Education :
Adult Education (General) Paper II
Content, Approach, Methods and Evaluation of Adult
Education
Objectives :
( i ) To enable the students to understand why adult
education programmes are necessary in India.
( ii) To enable the students to understand the nature
of curriculum of adult education and to enable
them to frame such a curriculum.
(iii) To enable the students to get knowledge of
various methods of adult education.
(iv) To enable the students to understand how to
evaluate adult learners progress and how to
evaluate the programme. Course Content-First
two topics for Term-End Examination.
Part I
Theory (50 marks)
1. Literacy percentages in India since 1951 in various
state and particulary among women, SC, ST and rural
people; Necessity of adult education programmes in
India for equality and social justice.
2. Objectives of adult education, Literacy including
S.Y.B.A. / 418
numeracy; Functionality and Social Awareness; Area
of Functionality and Social Awareness.
3. Various methods of adult education; Word and
Sentence Method, Discussion Method. Self-learning,
Peer group learning, Each one teach one approach,
family often group methods, Methods involving
audio-visual aids.
4. Evaluation in Adult Education, Objectives of educa-
tional evaluation, teaching-learning process;
behavioural outcomes and tools of learner evaluation.
Evaluation of the work done by Instructor and the
Supervisor.
5. Methodology of survey.
Part II
Practical Work (30 marks)
Practical work : Will be conducted throughout the year.
1. Undertake a survey of an area (village, mohalls, slum,
basti etc.) identified by the teacher; collect socio-
economic and educational information of each member
in the family, collect a list of learners who could be
enrolled in the A. E. centre and indentify at five
programmes each, functionality and awareness based
on the needs of the learners. (Note : One question will
be compulsory asked on Practical work done.)
Reference
S.Y.B.A. / 419
(1) Policy Statement issued by the Govt. of India, 1977.
(2) Training of Adult Education Functionaries; Govt. of
India, 1978.
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-.
(5) Directorate of Adult Education, Monitoring and
evaluation and research, Directorate of Adult
Education, Ministry of Education and Social Welfare,
New Delhi, 1978.
Special Paper I
Historical Review of Adult Education in Developing
Countries :
(1) Philippines
(2) Tanzania
(3) Pakistan
(4) China
Objectives :
1. To help students to understand the brief history of
Adult Education in the four developing countries :
Philippines, Tanzania, Pakistan and China.
2. To help the Students to understand in brief the aims
and purposes, pattern of overall administration,
Supervision, agencies of Adult Education followed in
the four developing countries.
3. To acquaint the students with the present status of
Adult Education in these countries.
4. To help the students to evaluate the Adult Education
programmes in these countries in the last 25 years.
S.Y.B.A. / 420
Course Content :
(First three topics for Term-End Examination.)
The study of the specified countries in the context of the
following :
1. A short history of adult education in the country.
2. Various education commissions and the recommenda-
tions thereof regarding the adult education.
3. Literacy percentages in the 19th and 20th century.
4. Various efforts done for educating illiterates.
5. Present status of adult education in the country.
6. Achievement and evaluation of adult education in the
last 25 years.
References
Philippines :
(1) Training of Adult EducatorsS. C. Dutta and H. J.
Fishcher.
(2) The Education of Adult : A World perspectiveLowe
John, Paris, UNESCO, 1975.
(3) World Survey of EducationUNESCO, 1985.
(4) Six Community Schools of the PhilippinesManila
Bureau of Printing, 1954, Unesco National
Commission of the Philippines.
(5) World Survey of EducationUNESCO, Evans Brothers
Ltd., London, Russel Square, pp. 515.
(6) Correspondence Lesson Paper II: Unit IVDepartment
of Adult and Continuing Education and Extension
Work, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Prin. N. B.
Bhosale.
S.Y.B.A. / 421
Tanzania :
(1) H. S. Bhola-Evaluating Functional Literacy. Hulton
Education, Publication Ltd. in cooperation with the
International Institute for Adult Literacy Methods,
Tehran, 1979.
(2) UNESCO-The Experimental World Literacy
Programme. A Critical assessment, the UNESCO
PRESS UNDP, 1976.
(3) Z. J. Mpogolo-International Seminar on Literacy
Campaigns in the context of Development.
(4) J. K. Nyerere-New Year Speech, 31st December,
1969, Tanzania.
(5) UNDP/UNESCO-Work Oriented Adult Literacy Pilot
Project Lake Regions. Final Evaluation Report,
1968-72, Mwanza, Tanzania, 1973.
(6) E. P. R. Mbakile-Evaluation Report on the first phase
of the Radio Education Programme, Mwanza, Tanzania,
1974.
(7) E. Ayotunde Yoloue : (University of Ibadan), Work-
shop organized by the Ministry of National
Education,Tanzania. The International Institute for
Educational Planning, Paris and UNESCO Institute
for Education, Hanburg, February 1982.
(8) Adult Education in Developing Countries-Pergamon
Press, Oxford, New York, Toronto, Sydney, Edwin K.
Tonwnsend Coles.
Pakistan :
(1) Rafe uz Zaman, Television for Adult Educational
Literacy. Final Report, 1977 (mimeographed),
Pakistan Television Corporation (PVT), Islamabad.
S.Y.B.A. / 422
(2) Rafe uz Zaman, Summative Report on Five Cycle of
the Functional Literacy Project, 1980-81 (both
mimeographed), PTV, Islamabad.
(3) Rafe uz Zaman, A Follow up of the Reading and
Writing Habits of Neoliterates in Lahore and
Rawalpindi Divisions (Two years after they become
Literate) P.V.T., Islamabad, 1978.
(4) For details see Expanded Functional Literacy Project,
Final Report on the Expansion and Evaluation of the
Project, PTV, Islamabad, 1980.
(5) World Survey of Education-pp.498, UNESCO and
Evans Brothers Ltd., London, Russell Square, 1958.
(6) World Survey of Education, Hand Book of Education,
Organization and Statistics.
China :
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+.+- . -. . -.-. +. u- + ++ .+..+. ,,.
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.
(3) Education in China-K. E. Priestey-Eurasia Publishing
House (Pvt.) Ltd., Ramnagar, New Delhi (pp.54-60).
(4) Comparative Education-S. P. Choube, Ram Prasad and
Sons, Hospital Road, Agra-3, pp. 522-38.
(5) The International Encylopaedia of Education-Editors
in Chief Torsten Husen-T. Neville Postthewaite-
Pergamon Press, Oxford, New York, Toronto, Sydney,
Paris, Frankfurt, pp. 112-14, Vol. I.
(6) World Survey of Education-UNESCO and Evans
Brothers Limited, London, Russell Square No. 7, 1958,
pp. 857.
S.Y.B.A. / 423
(7) Peoples Education Present Status and Problems-1956,
Change Hsi Jo, pp. 8-11.
(8) World Survey of Education, Hand Book of Education,
Organization and Statistics, pp. 165.
(9) Correspondence Lesson Paper II : Unit IV-Department
of Adult and Continuing Education and Extension
Work, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Anuradha Gurav,
Asst. Director.
OR
Special Paper I
Andragogy
Objectives :
1. To acquaint the students with various components of
Adult Education.
2. To enable the students to distinguish between adult
learning teaching and child learning-teaching.
Course Content :
First three topics for Term-End Examination.
1. Concept and meaning of Andragogy; Andragogy and
non-formal education; Adragogy as it differs from
Pedagogy.
2. Nature, scope and functions of social education,
continuing education, external education, distant
education and Open University.
3. Relevance of new trends in education to non-formal
and adult education : Learner-centred approach; use
of modern technology, modern sociology of education;
modern approaches to teaching; simulation games.
4. Andragogy and social change-Urban development and
Integrated Rural Development.
S.Y.B.A. / 424
5. Role of mass media, recreation, audio-visual aids,
public library movement, functional literacy
programmes in adult learning. Use of Science and
Technology in adult learning.
6. Learning to learn and learning to be.
References
( 1 ) Clara, K. : Andragogy and Education.
( 2 ) Naik, J. P. : Perspectives of Non-formal Education,
Allied Pub., New Delhi.
( 3 ) Faur, Eager et al : Learning to be, UNESCO, Paris,
1972.
( 4 ) Lengrand Paul : An introduction to Life-long
Education, UNESCO, Paris, 1970.
( 5 ) Aker, G. F. : Adult Education : Procedures, Methods
and Techniques, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y.,
1965.
( 6 ) Alter, H. C. : Of Messages and Media (T.V.) Syracuse
Univ., Syracuse, N. Y., 1968.
( 7 ) Kidd, J. R. : How Adults Learn, Association Press,
New York, 1959.
( 8 ) Lemke, A. B. (Ed.) : Librarianship and Adult
Education, Syracuse Univ., School of Library Sc.,
New York, 1968.
( 9 ) Miller, U. L. : Teaching and Learning in Adult
Education, The Mc-Millan Co., New York, 1964.
(10) Ohilcer, J. : Listening groups, Mass Media in Adult
Education Centre for the study of Liberal Education
for Adults, Brookline, Mass, 1967.
(11) Rogers, J. : Adults Learning, Open Univ. Press,
New York, 1975.
S.Y.B.A. / 425
(12) Singh, Soban : Social Education Concepts and
Methods, Orient Longmans, New Delhi, 1964.
(13) UNESCO : Literacy A Factor in Development, 1965.
(14) UNESCO : Practical Guide to Functional Literacy
A method of training and development, Paris, 1973.
Special Paper II
Management of Adult Education
Objectives :
1. To understand the principles of management.
2. To understand the ways and means to utilize available
resources for implementing A. E. Programme.
3. To understand the various skills required for effecting
management.
First two topics for Term-End examination.
Course Conent :
1. Why management of AE various approaches systems
approach to A.E.M.
Principles of Management in General.
2. Functions of Management of A.E.
(a) Planning : Objective, Strategies, policies.
programmes, procedure, decision-making.
(b) Organizing : Structure, roles, grouping of
activities, authority and responsibilities,
co-ordination.
3. Function of Management continued :
(a) Staffing : Manpower, selection appraisal training
activities.
(b) Leading : Motivation of Functionaries communi-
cation systems, material, campaigning, teaching-
learning.
S.Y.B.A. / 426
(c) Controlling : Monitoring-its philosophy,
monitoring return, reporting and visits,Evaluation-
Evaluation Techniques for evaluating, A.E.
Programme, A.E. Centre Teaching-learning
material used for the programme and learners
evaluation.
4. Inputs-outputs :
Inputs namely-Human, Capital, Managerial and
Technological. Out-puts namely-learners achieve
a service renders to the community, assessment of Goal
fulfilment. Constraints and Problems and solutions
thereof.
5. Techniques of Report Writing.
References
(1) Kundu, C. L.: Adult Education : Principles, Pratice
and Prospectus, Academic Paper Books, New Delhi,
1984.
(2) Bordia, Anil : Planning and Administration of National
Literacy programme : The Indian experience,
UNESCO, IIEP, Paris, 1982.
(3) Saraf, S. N. : Planning and administration of National
Literacy Programmes, UNESCO, IIEP, Paris, 1981.
S.Y.B.A. / 427
(47) N. S. S.
Second Year
Note : I, II topics for First Term.
III, IV and V topics for Second Term.
Field work will be throughout the year.
Personality Development, Leadership & Communication
Theory : I. Human Growth and Personality Development.
(a) Meaning and principles of development. Four
aspects of development-Physical, Mental, Social,
Moral (in brief).
(b) Factors influencing development.
(c) Social Development and Social Competence.
(d) Nature and Organization of personality.
Leadership :
(a) What is leadership and styles of leadership ?
(b) Qualities of constructive leadership and functions
of leadership.
(c) Leadership and group structure.
(d) Methods and tools of leading and training of
a political leader.
(e) Mobilization of human resource by the leader
for development purpose.
V. Village Adoption Programme under NSS :
(a) What is village adoption ?
S.Y.B.A. / 428
Aims and objectives of village adoption. Action
programme is necessary to Field Work. Approach and
Strategies in adopting village with special reference to
Rapport Building, with the village community in order to
involve peoples participation in NSS activities, government
and non-government agencies, political and village leadership
for effective implementation of NSS Programme and
activities in adopted villages.
VI. Field Work :
In second year in both the terms, each NSS student
volunteer will participate in the regular activities and will
complete 120 hours of work including NSS Camp.
The work diary will be maintained by each NSS volunteer
and will be submitted for assessment.
Books for Reading
(1) E. Hurlock : Developmental Psychology.
(2) B. Kuppuswamy : Text Book of Child Behaviour and
Development, Pub. : Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.,
Delhi.
(3) P. A. Bhagwatwar : Organization Behaviour, Pub.:
Pune Vidyarthi Griha.
(4) T. S. Narayan and Rao : Organization, Theory and
Behaviour, Konark Publications, Delhi.
(5) G. Rasool : Youth Leadership in India, Pub. : Seema
Publication, Delhi.
(6) Coleman : Psychology of Adjustment, Pub. :
Taraporewala.
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S.Y.B.A. / 429
Books for Reference
First, Second and Third Year :
( 1 ) K. Singh : Social Work Theory and Practice, Pub. :
Prakashan Kendra, Lucknow-226007.
( 2 ) Walter A. Friendlander :Introduction to Social
Welfares, Pub. : Prentice Hall of India (Pvt.) Ltd.,
New Delhi, 1967.
( 3 ) O. P. Dahama, O. P. Bhatnagar : Education and
Communications for Development, Pub. : Oxford IBH
Publishing Co., New Delhi, Bombay.
( 4 ) L. S. Mehra : Youth in Modern Society, Pub. : Chugh
Publications, Allahabad.
( 5 ) UNESCO : Youth in the 1980s, Pub. : The UNESCO
Press.
( 6 ) Gauri Rani Banerjee : Tata Institute of Social Sciences,
Series No.23.
( 7 ) S. H. Pathak : Medical Social Work in India, Pub. :
Principal, Delhi School of Social Work, 3, University
Road, Delhi-6 (1961).
( 8 ) Jacob, K. K. : Methods and Fields of Social Work in
India (1964).
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(11) Nanavati Anjaria : Our Rural Problems.
(12) A. R. Desai : Rural Sociology in India, Pub. : Popular
Prakashan, Bombay.
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S.Y.B.A. / 430
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S.Y.B.A. / 433
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S.Y.B.A. / 434
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(2) The Human Body for Physical Education
A. Balkrishnan, Hyderabad (A. P.).
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S.Y.B.A. / 435
(5) Exercises PhysiologyClarks, David N., New Jersey,
Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
(6) Anatomy & Physiology for NursesPearce, Evolyn C.,
Calcutta, Oxford University Press.
(7) A Text Book for Nurses Traning SchoolTranslated by
Myshire, David, Moscow, NIR Publishers.
(8) Physiology of Exercise Edward Fox.
(9) Health of Physical Education Dr. S. K. Mangal.
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