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Programming Lessons C++

A detailed C++ lesson created for begginers

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aroronglovekate
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11 views

Programming Lessons C++

A detailed C++ lesson created for begginers

Uploaded by

aroronglovekate
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A Beginner's Guide to C++ Programming

Introduction to C++
C++ is a powerful, general-purpose programming language often used for system programming,
game development, and more. It's a superset of C, meaning it includes all the features of C but
adds new ones like object-oriented programming.

Basic Concepts
1. Hello, World! Let's start with a classic:

C++

#include <iostream>

int main() {
std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
return 0;
}

● #include <iostream>: This line includes the iostream header, which provides input/output
facilities.
● int main(): This is the main function, the entry point of the program.
● std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;: This line prints "Hello, World!" to the console.

2. Variables Variables are used to store data.

C++

int age = 25;


double pi = 3.14159;
char grade = 'A';

● int: Integer (whole numbers)


● double: Double-precision floating-point number (decimal numbers)
● char: Character

3. Data Types C++ has various data types:

● Fundamental data types: int, float, double, char, bool


● Derived data types: Arrays, pointers, structures, unions, classes

4. Operators Operators are symbols used to perform operations on data.

● Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, %
● Relational operators: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
● Logical operators: &&, ||, !

Control Flow
1. Conditional Statements

● if-else:

C++

if (condition) {
// Code to execute if condition is true
} else {
// Code to execute if condition is false
}

● switch: ``cpp switch (expression) { case value1: // Code to execute if expression is equal to
value1 break; case value2: // Code to execute if expression is equal to value2 break; default:
// Code to execute if no case matches }

**2. Loops**
- **for loop:**
```c++
for (initialization; condition; update) {
// Code to execute
}

● while loop:
C++

while (condition) {
// Code to execute
}

● do-while loop:

C++

do {
// Code to execute
} while (condition);

Functions
Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks.

C++

void greet(std::string name) {


std::cout << "Hello, " << name << "!" << std::endl;
}

Arrays and Pointers


Arrays are used to store multiple values of the same data type. Pointers are variables that store
the memory address of another variable.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)


C++ supports OOP, which involves creating objects (instances of classes) that encapsulate data
and behavior. Classes define the properties and methods of objects.

Remember: Practice is key to mastering C++. Experiment with different concepts and write your
own programs to reinforce your understanding.

Sources
1.
https://medium.com/@ksubham.sharma/unleash-the-power-of-javascript-master-the-language-a
nd-dominate-web-development-a672ffe2bdbf

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