LOCUS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III

LOCUS  Given A & B are two fixed points.The locus of a

SYNOPSIS point P such that the area of  PAB is a constant
is a pair of lines parallel to AB and the distance
 Locus is the set of points (and only those points)
that satisfy the given consistant geometric 4
between the parallel lines is ,  is the area of
condition(s). AB
i.e i) Every point satisfying the given condition (s) is PAB
a point on the locus. W.E-2 : A(2,2), B(-4,5) are two points. If a point
ii) Every point on the locus satisfies the given P moves such that the area of  PAB is 12
condition(s). sq.units then the locus of P and also find the
 Locus is the path traced by the conditional point(s). distance between the parallel lines obtained
It is a necessary condition, converse need not be by the locus are
true. Sol: Let P(x,y) be a point on the locus.
W.E-1: The number of points in the locus 1
represented by the equation x²+y² = 0 is x(2  5)  2(5  y )  4( y  2)  12
2
Sol : Given equation is x²+y² = 0  x = 0 ; y = 0
 There is only one point (0,0) satisfies given 3x  6 y  18  24
condition.
3( x  2 y  6)  24
 Algebraic relation between x and y obtained by
applying the geometrical conditions is called the squaring on both sides, we have
equation of locus. x 2  4 xy  4 y 2  12 x  24 y  28  0 represents
 The locus of a point which is equidistant from two pair of lines parallel to AB.
fixed points A and B is the perpendicular bisector
4
of the line segment AB. Distance between the parallel lines =
AB
 The locus of a point which is equidistant from two
given points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) is a 4(12) 48 16
   units
2 2
straight line whose equation is ( 2  4)  (2  5) 3 5 5
 If A, B,C are three points then the locus of a point
  
2  x1  x2  x  2  y1  y2  y  x12  y12  x22  y22 
P such that PA 2  PB 2  K .PC 2 is
 The locus of a point which is at a constant distance
from a fixed point is a circle i) a straight line if K=2 ii) a circle if k  2 and K>0
 The locus of a point which is at a distance ‘r’ units iii) an empty set if k  0
from the given point A(x1, y1) is a circle whose W.E-3: A   2,1 , B   3, 2  , C  1,1 are three
2 2
equation is  x  x1    y  y1   r 2
points.The locus of P such that
 A and B are fixed points. P is the point moves such PA2  PB 2   PC 2 is
PA Sol: Given PA2  PB 2   PC 2
that k is(i) a straight line if k=1 ii) a circle if
PB
20
k  1 and k>0. iii) an empty set if k  0 .  x2  y 2  4 x   0 represents
 If the join of two fixed points A,B subtends a right 3
angle at P, then the locus of P is a circle on AB as an imaginary circle.
diameter. 2 2 8
 The locus of the third vertex of a right angled triangle ( g  f  c    0)
3
when the ends of a hypotenuse are given as  x1 , y1  Hence locus of P is an empty set.
 The locus of the point which moves equidistant
and  x2 , y2  is a circle whose equation is from a fixed point and fixed st. line is a parabola.
 x  x1  x  x2    y  y1  y  y2   0
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JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III LOCUS

y (ii) x  a if k  2b
 The curve represented by
P
M
x S  ax2  by2  2hxy  2gx  2 fy  c  0
S
and   abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch 2 is
 A,B are two fixed points and i) a circle if a=b, h=0, g 2  f 2  ac  0 ,   0
PA + PB = k then ii) a pair of lines if   0 , h 2  ab, g 2  ac ,
(i)If AB < k, locus of P is an ellipse
(ii)If AB =k, locus of P is line segment AB f 2  bc
(iii)If AB >k , locus of P does not exist iii) a pair of parallel lines if   0 , h 2  ab ,
 A,B are two fixed points and
|PA - PB| = k, then af 2  bg 2
(i)If AB <k, locus of P does not exist iv) a parabola if   0 , h 2  ab .
(ii)If AB =k, locus of P is line through A and v) An ellipse if   0, h 2  ab .
B except line segment AB
(iii)If AB > k, locus of P is a hyperbola vi) a hyperbola if   0, h 2  ab
 A = (a, b) B=(-a, b) then the locus of ‘P’ such that vii) a rectangular hyperbola if   0 , a+b=0 and
PA+PB=K (or) PA  PB  K is h2 > ab
W.E-6 : The Curve represented by the equation
2
4 x2 4  y  b  x 2  4 xy  4 y 2  12 x  24 y  28  0 is
(i) 2  2  1 , k  2a
K k  4a 2
Sol :   abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch 2
(ii) y  b if k  2a = (1)(4)(-28)+2(-12)(-6)(2)-144-4(36)+28(4)=0
W.E-4: The locus of the point which satisfies 2
h 2  4  ab ; af  144
( x  3)2  y 2  ( x  3) 2  y 2  7 is
bg 2  4(36)  144  af 2  bg 2
Sol : Given that PA + PB = K where
Hence given equation represents pair of Parallel
A = (3,0) B= (-3,0) and P=(x,y) ; K=7
lines
AB = 6 < 7 = K
 Locus of P is an Ellipse whose equation is CONCEPTUAL
2 2
4 x 4( y  0) 1. The locus of all points in a plane that are
 1
49 49  36 equidistant from a given point in the same
plane.
4 x2 4 y 2
 1 1) Circle
49 13 2) a line parallel to the given lines midway between
W.E-5: The locus of the point which satisfies them
( x  4)2  y 2  ( x  4) 2  y 2  8 is 3) Ellipse 4) Hyperbola
2. If the equation of the locus of a point
Sol : Given that PA + PB = K where
A = (4,0) B= (-4,0) and P=(x,y) ; K=8 equidistant from the points  a1, b1 
AB = 8 = K
and  a2 , b2  is  a1  a2  x   b1  b2  y  c  0
 Locus of P is a Straight Line whose equation is
y=0 then the value of c is
 If A=(a, b), B= (a, -b), then locus of ‘P’ such that 1 2 2 2 2
PA+PB=K or PA  PB  K is
1)
2
 a2  b2  a1 b1  2) a12  a22  b12  b22

2 1 2 2 2 2
(i)
4x  a
2 2

4 y2
 1 , k  2b 3)
2
 a1  a2  b1 b2  4) a12 b12  a22 b22
k  4b k2

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 LOCUS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III
3. If the sum of the distances of a point from two
x2 y 2
perpendicular lines in a plane is a constant, 1) x 2  y 2  a 2 2) 2  2  1
then its locus is a b
1) a square 2) a circle x2 y 2
3) a straight line 4) two intersecting lines 3) 2  2  1 4) x 2  y 2  a 2
a b
4. The locus of a point collinear with two given
11. If the coordinates of a variable point P is
points
1) a straight line passing through the given two points  a cos  , b sin   , where  is a variable
2) a parabola quantity, then the locus of P is
3) an Ellipse 4) a Hyperbola
5. The ends of a rod of length K moves on two x2 y 2
1) x 2  y 2  a 2 2) 2  2  1
positive coordinate axes. The locus of the point a b
on the rod, which divides it in the ratio l : m x2 y 2
3) 2
 2 1 4) x 2  y 2  a 2
x2 y 2 k2 x2 y2 k2 a b
1) m 2  l 2   l  m  2 2) l 2  m 2   l  m 2 12. The sum of the squares of the distances of a
3) only 1 is true 4) both1 and 2 ar true moving point from two fixed points (a,0) and (-
6. A straight line passing through the point a,0) is equal to a constant quantity 2c 2 then
the equation to its locus is
 x1 , y1  meets the positive coordinate axis at
A,B. The locus of the point P which divides AB 1) x 2  y 2  c 2  a 2 2) x 2  y 2  c 2  a 2
in the ratio l : m is 3) x 2  y 2  c 2  a 2 4) x 2  y 2  c 2  a 2
lx1 m y1 m x1 ly1 SECOND YEAR CONCEPTUAL
1) x  y  l  m 2) x  y  l  m
RELATED PROBLEMS
3) only 1 is true 4) both 1 and 2 are true
7. From a point P perpendiculars PM, PN are 13. The locus of a point in a plane equidistant from
drawn to x and y axes respectively. If MN two parallel lines in the same plane is
passes through fixed point (a,b), locus of P is 1) Circle
1) xy= ax+by 2) xy = ab 2) a line parallel to the given lines midway between
3) xy = bx+ay 4) x+y=xy them
8. A point moves so that the sum of the squares 3) Ellipse 4) Hyperbola
of it’s distance from the four sides of a square 14. A  0, ae  B  0, ae  are two points.The
is constant, this point always lies on equation to the locus of p such that
1) straight line 2) a circle
3) parabola 4) ellipse PA  PB  2a is
9. A line L1 cuts x and y axes at x2 y2 x2 y2
1) a 2 1  e 2   a 2  1 2) a 2  a 2 1  e 2   1
P  a, 0  and Q  0, b  respectively, another line
x2 y2 x2 y2
L2 perpendicular to L1 cuts x and y axes at R 3) a 2  a 2 1  e 2   1 4) a 2  a 2 1  e 2   1
and S respectively. The locus of the point of
intersection of the lines PS and QR is 15. A  ae,0  , B  ae,0  are two points. The
1) x  x  a  y  y  b  0 2) x  x  a  y  y  b  0 equation to the locus of P such that
PA  PB  2a is
3) x  x  a  y  y  b  0 4) x  x  a  y  y  b  0
x2 y2 x2 y2
10. AB is a variable line sliding between the 
1) a 2 a 2 1  e 2   1 2) a 2 a 2 1  e2   1

coordinate axes in such a way that A lies on x-
axis and B lies on y-axis.If P is a variable point x2 y2 x2 y2
on AB such that PA=b,PB=a and AB=a+b, then 3) a 2  a2 1  e2   1 4) a 2  a2 1  e2   1
the equation of the locus of P is
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16. A  c , 0  and B   c , 0  are two points. If P is 6. Let A  a, 0  B  0, b  Let P  x1 , y1  divides AB in

a point such that PA  PB  2a where the ratio l : m weget locus of P is
0  c  a , then the locus of P.. lx1 my1
2 2 2 2
 lm
x y x y x y
1) a2  a2  c2  1 2) a2  c2  a2  c2 1
    A  0, b  B  0, a  let P  x, y  be the locus weget
x2 y 2 x2 y2 mx1 ly1
3) 2   1 4) 2  2  1 locus of P is  lm.
a c2 c a x y
17. A point P moves such that the sum of the
7. Let P  ,  
squares of its distances from the three
vertices of a triangle ABC is a constant. The Equation of a line passing through M,N is
locus of the point P is a circle whose centre is  x   y   passing through (a,b)
______ of  ABC. 8. Take four vertices of the square (0,0), (a,0), (a,a),
1) circumcentre 2) orthocentre (0,a)
3) Incentre 4) centroid x y
18. A and B are fixed points. If PA  PB  k and 9. Let L1   1
a b
AB  K then locus of P is
1) ellipse 2) hyperbola x y
Now L2   1 PS equation is
3) parabola 4) straight line bk ak
CONCEPTUAL - KEY x y x y
  1 , ...(1)   1 ...(2)
1) 1 2) 1 3) 1 4) 1 5) 4 6) 4 a ak bk b
7) 3 8) 2 9) 1 10) 2 11) 2 12) 2 eliminate K from (1) and (2)
13) 2 14) 1 15) 1 16) 1 17) 4 18) 1 10. Let P  h, k  be a variable point on
CONCEPTUAL - HINTS AB, OAB   , L,M is projection of P on x and
1. Circle
h k
2. A  a1,b1  , B  a2,b2  , P  x, y  ; PA = PB y -axes respectively. Then cos   ,sin  
a b
(or) 2(a1  a2 ) x  2(b1  b2 ) y  a12  b12  a22  b22 eliminate 
1 2 11. Let P  x, y  be the locus of a point
c (a2  b22  a12  b12 )
2  a cos  , b sin   x  a cos, y  bsin eliminate
3. x  y k .
4. A straight line passing through the given two points
12. Let P  x, y  be the locus PA2  PB 2  2C 2
5. Let A  a, 0  B  0, b  Let P  x1 , y1  divides AB in
 Locus of P is x 2  y 2  c 2  a 2
the ratio l : m weget locus of P is
13. A line parallel to the given lines mid way between
x2 y 2 k2 them
 
m2 l 2  l  m 2 14. A  0, ae  B  0,  ae  P  x, y  PA  PB  2a locus

A  0, b  B  0, a  let P  x, y  be the locus weget x2 y2

of P is a 2 1  e 2  a 2  1

x2 y2 k2

locus of P is l 2 m 2  2 2 4 x 2 4( y  b ) 2
l  m  15. PA2   2 a  PB  ; (or)
k2
 2
k  4a 2
1

( k  2a, a  ae, b  0)
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 LOCUS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III

16. If A  a, b  B  a, b  then locus of P such that 7. The equation of the locus of the points
equidistant from the points A(-2,3) and
2
4 x  a 4 y2 B(6, -5) is
PA  PB  k is  1 1) x+y=3 2) x-y=3 3) 2x+y=3 4)2x-y=3
k 2  4b 2 k2
8. If A(a,0), B(-a,0) then the locus of the point P
17. A  0,0  B  a,0  C  0, b  ; PA2  PB2  PC2  K such that PA2+PB2=2c2 is
3x 2  3 y 2  2ax  2by  a 2  b2  k  0 1) x2+y2+a2-c2=0 2) x2+y2+a2+c2=0
2 2 2 2
3) 2x +y +3a -c =0 4) x2+y2+a2+2c2=0
a b 9. The ends of hypotenuse of a right angled
Center  ,  =centroid of the triangle ABC
3 3 triangle are (a, 0), (-a, 0) then the locus of
18. PA  PB  K , K  AB then the locus of P is third vertex is
ellipse. 1) x2-y2=a2 2) x2+y2=a2
2 2 2
3) x +y +a =0 4) x2-y2+a2=0
LEVEL - I : EXERCISE-I 10. A(2,3), B(-3,4) are two points. If a point P
moves such that the area of  PAB is 8.5
1. The locus of the point, for which the sum of sq.units then the locus of P is
the squares of distances from the coordinate 1) x2+10xy+25y2-34x-170y=0
axes is 25 is 2) x2+10xy-25y2-34x-170y=0
1) x2+y2=25 2)x2+y2=19 3) x2-10xy+25y2-34x+170y=0
2 2
3) x +y =32 4) x2+y2=29 4) x2-10xy-25y2+34x-170y=0
2. The equation of the locus of the point whose 11. The locus of a point which is collinear with
distance from the x-axis is twice that of from the points (3, 4) and (-4, 3) is
the y-axis is 1) 2x+3y-12=0 2) 2x+3y+12=0
1) y2=4x2 2) 4y2 = x2 3) y = 2x 4) x = 2y 3) 2x+3y+12=0 4) x-7y+25=0
3. The equation to the locus of a point P for 12. A straight line of length 9 units slides with its
which the distance from P to (0, 5) is double ends A, B always on x and y axes
the distance from P to y-axis is respectively. Locus of centroid of  OAB is
1) 3x2 + y2 + 10y - 25 = 0 1) x2+y2 = 3 2) x2+y2 = 9
2) 3x2 - y2 + 10y + 25 = 0 3) x2+y2=1 4) x2+y2=8
3) 3x2 - y2 + 10y - 25 = 0 13. If t is parameter, A = (aSec t, bTan t) and
4) 3x2 + y2 - 10y - 25 = 0 B = (-aTan t, bSec t), O = (0, 0) then the locus
4. The locus of a point whose distance from the of the centroid of  OAB is
x-axis is one-third of its distance from the 1) 9xy = ab 2) xy = 9ab
origin is 1 2
1) x2 = 8y2 2) y2 = 8x2 3) x2-9y2 = a2-b2 4)x2-y2= (a  b 2 )
2 2 9
3) x = 9y 4) y2 = 9x2
5. The locus of the point which is at a distance 14. The Locus of the point
5 units from x-axis is (tan + sin , tan  -sin ) is
1) y2+25=0 2) y2-25=0 2/3 2/3
1)  (x2 y  xy2  1 2) x2-y2 = xy
3) y+25=0 4)y-25=0
6. If the distance from P to the points 3) x2-y2= 12xy 4) (x2-y2)2 = 16xy
(5, -4), (7, 6) are in the ratio 2 : 3, then the 15. The sum of the distances of a point P from
locus of P is two perpendicular lines in a plane is 1. Then
1) 5x2 + 5y2 - 12x - 86y + 17 = 0 locus of P is (EAMCET 2008)
2) 5x2 + 5y2 - 34x + 120y + 29 = 0 1) Square 2) Circle
3) 5x2 + 5y2 - 5x + y + 14 = 0 3) Straight line 4) Pair of Straight lines
4) 3x2 + 3y2 - 20x + 38y + 87 = 0

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16. The locus of point of intersection of the lines EXERCISE-I-KEY

y  mx  a m  b and my-x = a 2  b 2 m 2
2 2 2 1) 1 2) 1 3) 3 4) 1 5) 2 6) 2
7) 2 8) 1 9) 2 10) 1 11) 4 12) 2
is
13) 1 14) 4 15) 1 16) 2 17)1 18) 2
1 1 19) 3 20) 1 21) 3 22) 1 23) 3
1) x2+y2 =  2) x2+y2 = a2+b2
a 2 b2
EXERCISE-I-HINTS
1 1 2 2
2 2
3) x - y = a - b 2 2
4) x 2  y2  a  b 1. The perpendicular distance from P  x1 , y1  to
17. The coordinates of the points A and B are (a,0) x-axis is y1 and Y-axis is x1
and (-a,0) respectively.If a point P moves so
that PA2  PB 2  2k 2 ,where K is constant, 2. y 2 x
then the equation to the locus of the point P. 3. A  0, 5  ; PA  2 X
1) 2ax  k 2  0 2) 2ax  k 2  0
3) ax  2 k 2  0 4) ax  2 k 2  0 4. 3 y  x2  y2

18. Equation x  2
2
 y2   x  2
2
 y2  4 5. Y 5
represents 6. A  5, 4  , B  7,6  ; 3PA  2PB
1) a circle 2) a line segment
7. PA2  PB 2
3) a parabola 4) an ellipse
19. A point moves in the XY-plane such that the sum (or) 2( x1  x2 ) x  2( y1  y2 ) y  x12  y12  x22  y22
of it’s distances from two mutually perpendicular 2 2
lines is always equal to 5 units. The area enclosed 8.  x  a   y 2   x  a   y 2  2c 2
by the locus of the point is 9. A   a,0  B   a,0  P(x,y)
(EAM-2012)
25 AP 2  BP 2  AB 2
1) 2) 25 3) 50 4) 100
4 (or) ( x  x1 )( x  x2 )  ( y  y1 )( y  y2 )  0
SECOND YEAR CONCEPTUAL
10. Use Area of the triangle formula
RELATED PROBLEMS 11. Equation of the line through given points is
20. If P = (0,1), Q= (0,-1) and R = (0,2) then the y 2  y1
locus of the point S such that y  y1  ( x  x1 )
x 2  x1
SQ2 + SR2 = 2SP2 is a
1) straight line parallel to x-axis a b
2) circle with centre (0,0) 12. P  x, y    ,  ; where a 2  b 2  81
3 3
3) circle through (0,0)
a sec t  a tan t b tan t  b sec t 
4) straight line parallel to y-axis
13.  x, y    , 
21. The curve represented by x=2(cost+sint) and  3 3 
y = 5(cos t - Sin t ) is Eliminate t
1) a circle 2) a parabola 14. Eliminate 
3) an ellipse 4) a hyperbola
22. Locus represented by x =a (cosh +sinh ), 15. x  y  1
y = b (cosh -sinh ) is 16. Squaring and adding the equations
2 2 2
1) a hyperbola 2) a parabola 17.  x  a    y  0    x  a   y 2  2k 2
3) an ellipse 4) a straight line
18. S i n c e :
23. A and B are fixed points. If PA-PB is a 2 2
constant, locus of P is  x  2  y2   x  2  y 2  4  1
1) Parabola 2) Ellipse
3) Hyperbola 4) Circle Assuming  x  2   y    y  2  y 
2 2 2 2

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 LOCUS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III

 8 x   2  locus of P is
1) 3x2 - 3y2 + 2x + 12y - 1 = 0
Dividing (2) by (1), we have
2) 3x2 + 3y2 + 2x + 12y - 1 = 0
2 2 2 2
 x  2   y   x  2   y  2 x   3 3) 3x2 - 3y2 - 2x + 12y - 1 = 0
4) 3x2 + 3y2 - 20x + 38y + 87 = 0
Adding (1) and (3), we have 7. The equation of the locus of the points
2 equidistant from the points A(-a,0) and B(a,
2  x  2   y 2  4  2x
0) is
2 2 2
 ( x  2)  y  (2  x) ;  y  0 2 1) y = 0 2) x = 0 3) y = a 4) x = a
8. If A(3,0), B(-3,0) then the locus of the point P
2
19. x  y  5 ; Area  2c  2(5)2  50 such that PA2+PB2=18 is
ab 1) x2+y2 = 0 2) x2+y2 = 8
2 2
3) x +y = 9 4) 2x2+y2 = 3
2 2 2
20. x   y  1  x   y  2   2  x   y  1 
2 2 2
9. The ends of hypotenuse of a right angled
 
triangle are (5, 0), (-5, 0) then the locus of third
x y vertex is
 cos t  sin t ,  cos t  sin t
21. 2 5 1) x2-y2 = 25 2) x2+y2=25
2 2
x y 3) x +y =5 4) x2-y2=5
22.  cosh   sinh  ,  cosh   sinh  10. A(0,0), B(1,2) are two points. If a point P
a b
moves such that the area of  PAB is 2 sq.units,
23. From Synopsis - 13
then the locus of P is
1) 4x2+4xy-y2 = 16 2) 4x2-4xy+y2 = 16
EXERCISE-II 2
3) x +4xy+y = 162
4) x2-4xy-4y2 = 16
11. The locus of a point which is collinear with
1. The locus of the point, for which the sum of the points (1, 2) and (-2, 1) is
the distances from the coordinate axes is 9 is 1) x+3y+5=0 2) x+3y-5=0
1) x  y  9 2) x  y  3 3) x-3y-5=0 4) x-3y+5 = 0
12. A straight line of length 3 units slides with its
3) x  y  0 4) x  y  27
ends A, B always on x and y axes
2. The equation of the locus of the point whose respectively. Locus of centroid of  OAB is
distance from the x-axis is thrice that of from
1) x2+y2 = 3 2) x2+y2 = 9
the y-axis is 2 2
1) y2=4x2 2) y2 = 9x2 3) y = 2x 4) x = 2y 3) x +y =1 4) x2+y2=8
3. The equation to the locus of a point P for which 13. If  is parameter, A   acos , a sin  
the distance from P to (6, 5) is triple the
distance from P to x-axis is and B   b sin  , b cos  C  1,0  then the
2 2
1) x + 8y - 12x-10y + 51 = 0 locus of the centroid of ABC is (EAM-2014)
2) x2 + 8y2 + 12x-10y + 51 = 0 2
3) x2 - 8y2 - 12x-10y + 61 = 0 1)  3x  1  9 y 2  a 2  b 2
4) 3x2 + y2 - 10y - 25 = 0 2
4. The locus of a point whose distance from the 2)  3x  1  9 y 2  a 2  b2
x-axis is one-fourth of its distance from the 2
origin is 3)  3 x  1  9 y 2  a 2  b 2
1)x2 = 8y2 2) y2 = 8x2 3) x2 = 15y2 4) y2 = 9x2 2
5. The locus of the point which is at a distance 6 4)  3x  1  9 y 2  a 2  b 2
units from y-axis is a
1) x2-25=0 2) x2-36=0 14. The Locus of the point (a + bt, b - ) is
3) y+36=0 4) y2-36=0 t
6. If the distance from P to the points 1) (x-a)(y-b)+ab=0 2) (x-a)(y-b) = 0
(1, 2), (0, -1) are in the ratio 2 : 1, then the 3) (x-a)(y-b) = ab 4) (x-a)(y+b) = ab

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15. The locus of point of intersection of the lines EXERCISE-II-HINTS

1. Perpendicular distance from P(x,y) to x-
y  mx  4  m 2 and my-x = 1  4m 2 is
1) x2+y2 = 5 2) x2+y2 = 4 axis is y and y -axis is x ;  x  y  9
3) x2+y2 = 25 4) x2+y2 = 16 2. y 3 x
16. The coordinates of the points A and B are
(-2,3) and (4, -5) respectively.If a point P moves 3. PA  2 y where A=(6,5)
so that PA2  PB 2  20 , then the equation to 4. P(x,y); O(0,0)
the locus of the point P is 1 1 2
y  OP ; y  x  y2 ;
1) 3x+4y+12=0 2) 3x+4y-12=0 4 4
3) 3x-4y-12=0 4) 3x-4y+12=0 x  6
5.
SECOND YEAR CONCEPTUAL 6. PA = 2 PB where A=(1,2) ; B= (0,-1)
RELATED PROBLEMS 7. Perpendicular bisector of AB is y-axis
17. If A = (1,0), B= (-1,0) and C = (2,0) then the 8. ( x  3)2  y 2  ( x  3)2  y 2  18
locus of the point P 9. A = (5,0) , B = (-5,0) ; PA2  PB 2  AB 2 (or)
such that PA2 + PB2 = 2PC2 is a ( x  x1 )( x  x2 )  ( y  y1 )( y  y2 )  0
1) straight line parallel to y-axis 10. A=(0,0) , B = (1,2) ; P = (x,y)
2) circle with centre (0,0)
1
3) circle through (0,0) Area of PAB  x1 y2  x2 y1  2
4) straight line parallel to x-axis 2
11. A = (1,2) , B = (-2,1) Equation of AB is
c
18. The curve represented by x=ct and y = is y y
t y  y1  2 1 ( x  x1 )
1) a circle 2) a parabola x2  x1
3) an ellipse 4)a hyperbola
12. P( x, y )   a , b  ; a 2  b2  9
19. Locus represented by x =a +b sec  ,  
 3 3
y = b + a Tan is
 a cos   b sin   1 , a sin   b cos  
1) a hyperbola 2) a parabola 13. G ( x , y )   
3) an ellipse 4) a straight line 3 3 
20. A and B are fixed points. If PA+PB is a a
14. x  a  bt ; y  b 
constant, then locus of P is t
1) a Parabola 2) an Ellipse a
3) a Hyperbola 4) a Circle  x  a  y  b    bt    
21. The equation  t

x 2 y 2  2 xy 2  3 y 2  4 x 2 y  8 xy  12 y  0 15. y  mx  4  m 2 ..................(1)
represents y  mx  1  4m2 .................(2)
1) Two Pairs of lines 2) a Parabola
3) an Ellipse 4) hyperbola (1)2  (2) 2 ; x 2  y 2  5
2 2 2 2
22. Equation ( x  5) 2  y 2  ( x  5) 2  y 2  20 16. ( x  2)  ( y  3)   ( x  4)  ( y  5)   20
2 2 2 2 2 2
represents 17. ( x  1)  y  ( x  1)  y  2  ( x  2)  y 
1) a circle 2) a pair of lines
c
3) a parabola 4) an ellipse 18. xy  ct . ; xy  c 2 is a rectangular hyperbola
t
EXERCISE-II-KEY 19. x  a  b sec  ; y  b  a tan 
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 3 5) 2 6) 2
7) 2 8) 1 9) 2 10) 2 11) 4 12) 3 xa y b
 sec  ;  tan 
13) 3 14) 1 15) 1 16) 3 17) 1 18) 4 b a
19) 1 20) 2 21) 1 22) 4 sec 2   tan 2   1

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 LOCUS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III
20. PA + PB = K from synopsis 1) x 2  y 2  6 x  8 y  25  0
21. y  x  2 x  3  4 y  x  2 x  3  0
2 2 2
2) x 2  y 2  6 x  8 y  25  0
y 2
 4 y x2  2x  3  0 3) x 2  y 2  6 x  8 y  25  0
y  0, y  4, x  1  0, x  3  0 4) x 2  y 2  6 x  8 y  25  0
22. PA + PB = 20, A = (5,0) ; B = (-5,0) 8. A = (2, 5), B = (4, -11) and the locus of ‘C’ is
AB = 10 < 20. Locus is an Ellipse. 9x + 7y + 4 = 0 then the locus of the centroid
of  ABC is
LEVEL - II : EXERCISE-I 1) 27x+21y-8=0 2) 3x+4y-2=0
3) 24x+22y-6=0 4) 5x+3y-7=0
1. A(0,4), B(0,-4) are two points. The locus of P 9. The base of a triangle lies along x=a and is of
which moves such that |PA-PB| =6 is length a. The area of triangle is a2. The locus
of vertex is
1) 9x2-7y2+63=0 2)9x2+7y2-63=0
1) (x+a)(x-3a) = 0 2) (x-a)(x+3a)=0
3) 9x2+7y2+63=0 4) 9x2-7y2 - 63 = 0
3) (x+a)(x+3a) = 0 4) (x+2a)(x-a)=0
2. A = (1, -1), locus of B is x2+y2=16. If P divides
AB in the ratio 3:2 then locus of P is 10. If a, x1 , x2 , x3 .... and b, y1 , y2 ,..... form two
1) (x-2)2 + (y-3)2 = 4 2) (x+1)2 + (y-2)2 = 4 infinite A.P’s with common difference
3) (x-3) + (y-2) = 4 4) (5x-2)2 + (5y+2)2 = 144
2 2 p and q respectively then the locus of
3. A line segment AB of length ‘a’ moves with x1  x2  x3 .......  xn
its ends on the axes. The locus of the point P P  h, k  when h  ,
n
which divides the segment in the ratio 1 : 2 is
y1  y2  .....  yn
1) 9x2+4y2 = a2 2) 9(x2+4y2)=4a2 k is
2 2
3) 9(x +4y )=8a 2
4) 9x2+9y2=4a2 n
4. If the roots of the equation 1) q  x  a   p  y  b 
2 2 2 2 2
( x1  a )m  2 x1 y1m  y1  b  0 are the 2) b  x  p   a  y  q 
slopes of two perpendicular lines intersecting
3) p  x  a   q  y  b 
at P( x1 , y1 ) , then the locus of P is
1) x2+y2 = a2+b2 2) x2+y2 = a2-b2 4) p  y  a   q  x  b 
2 2 2 2
3) x -y = a +b 4) x2-y2 = a2-b2
11. Given P   a,0  and Q   a,0  and R
5. The locus of point such that the sum of it’s
is a variable point on one side of the line
distances from the points  0, 2  0, 2  is 6, is
PQ such that RPQ  RQP  2 . The
(EAMCET 2011) locus of the point R is
1) 9 x 2  5 y 2  45 2) 5 x 2  9 y 2  45 1) x 2  y 2  2 xy cot 2  a 2
3) 9 x 2  5 y 2  45 4) 5 x 2  9 y 2  45 2) x 2  y 2  2 xy tan 2  a 2
6. The locus of foot of the perpendicular drawn 3) x 2  y 2  2 xy tan 2  a 2
from a fixed point (a, b) to the variable line y
= mx, m being variable is 4) x 2  y 2  2 xy cot 2  a 2
1) x2+y2-ax+by=0 2) x+y-(a+b)=0 SECOND YEAR CONCEPTUAL RELATED
3) x2+y2-ax-by=0 4) xy-bx-ay+ab=0 PROBLEMS
7. Vertices of a variable triangle are (3,4), 12. A variable circle passes through the fixed
 5cos ,5sin   and  5sin  , 5cos   , where point (2,0) and touches y-axis. Then locus of
centre of circle
  R . Locus of it’s orthocentre is 1) a parabola 2) a circle
3) an ellipse 4) a hyperbola
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13. The equation x3  x 2 y  x  y  0 represents  ,     3x  6,3 y  6  sub

1) a straightline
2) a parabola and two lines in 9 x  7 y  4  0
3) a hyperbola and two lines 9. Consider A  a, 0  , B  a, a  two points on a
4) a line and a circle
14. The graph represented by line x  a and P  x, y  ; Area of the triangle = a 2
x=sin2t, y = 2cost is
1) a parabola 2) a portion of parabola 1
(or) a x  a  a 2 ; x  a  2a ; x  a  2a
3) a part of sine graph 4)a part of Hyperbola 2
EXERCISE-I-KEY ( x  a)( x  3a )  0
1) 1 2) 4 3) 2 4) 2 5) 3 6) 3
10. x1  a  x2  x1  ____  p ; x1  a  p
7) 4 8) 1 9) 1 10) 1 11) 4 12) 1
13) 1 14) 2 x2  a  2 p
EXERCISE-I-HINTS .
.
.
1. PA  PB  6
 xi n  1 p
2 2 xn  a  np ;  a 
4( x  a ) 4 y n 2
(or)  2 1
k 2  4b 2 k
where k = 6, a = 0, b= 4  n  1 p xa n1
xa ; 
2. A 1, 1 , B  ,   , P  x, y  2 p 2

3  2 3  2  yb n1 xa yb

 x, y    ,  Similarly q  2 ; p

q
 5 5 
Find  ,  sub in x 2  y 2  16 q  x  a  p y  b

3. A p,0  B  0, q  Use section formula 11. Let RQP   ;  RPQ  2   .

y12  b 2 y y
Then, tan      tan 1
4. m1m2  1; x 2  a 2  1 xa xa
1

5. A=(2, 0), B=(-2, 0), AB=4, K=6, AB<K y 1  y 

tan  2     ; 2    tan  .
4 x  a
2
4 y2 4 x2 4 y 2 a x ax
  1 ;  1
k 2  4b 2 k2 20 36
Y R x, y 
6. Let P   a, b  , Q   x, y 
y
 y  mx  m   2  
X
x Q (–a, 0) O S P a, 0 
 PQ  L  slope of PQ  m  1
7. Circum centre (S) 12. The locus of the point which moves equidistant
O=3G-2S where O is orthocentre from a fixed point and fixed stright line is parabola
O  x, y    3  5cos  5sin  ,4  5sin   5cos  13. x 2
 1  x  y   0
8. Let C  ,   y2
14. x  1   y 2  4  x  1
6   6    4
 x, y    ,  0  x 1
 3 3 
where
2  y  2

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9. If a, x1 , x2 , x3 .... and b, y1 , y2 ,..... form two

EXERCISE-II
infinite G.P’s with same common ratio ‘r’ then
1. A(4,0), B(-4,0) are two points. The locus
the locus of P  h, k  when h  n x1 x2 x3 ......xn
of P which moves such that |PA-PB| =6 is
1) 9x2-7y2+63=0 2)9x2+7y2-63=0 and
3) 9x2+7y2+63=0 4) 7x2-9y2 - 63 = 0 k  n y1 y2 y3............... yn is
2. A = (2,-1) locus of B is x2+y2=25. If P divides
1) bx-ay = 0 2) bx+ay = 0
AB in the ratio 1:2 then locus of P is
3) ax+by = 0 4) ax-by = 0
1) (3x  4) 2  (3 y  2)2  25 10. Given P = (1,0) and Q = (-1,0) and R is a
2) (3x+1)2 + (3y-2)2 = 25 variable point on one side of the line PQ such
3) (x-3)2 + (y-2)2 = 4 
4) (5x-2)2 + (5y+2)2 = 25 that RPQ  RQP  . The locus of the
4
3. A line segment AB of length ‘2’ moves with
point R is
its ends on the axes. The locus of the point P
which divides the segment in the ratio 1 : 1 is 1) x 2  y 2  2 xy  1 2) x 2  y 2  2 xy  1
1) 9x2+4y2 = 1 2) x2+y2 = 1 3) x 2  y 2  2 xy  1 4) x 2  y 2  2 xy  1
2 2
3) x +4y = 8 4) 9x2+9y2 = 4
4. If the roots of the equation SECOND YEAR CONCEPTUAL
2 2 2
( x1  16)m  2 x1 y1m  y1  9  0 are the RELATED PROBLEMS
slopes of two perpendicular lines intersecting 11. The equation
at P( x1 , y1 ) then the locus of P is
( x  4)2  y 2  ( x  4)2  y 2  6
1) x2+y2 = 25 2) x2+y2 = 7
2 2
3) x -y = 25 4) x2-y2 = 7 represents
5. The locus of foot of the perpendicular drawn 1) a circle 2) an ellipse
from a fixed point (2, 3) to the variable line y 3) a line segment 4) an empty set
= mx, m being variable is 12. A variable circle passes through the fixed
1) x2+y2-2x+3y=0 2) x+y-5=0 point (0,5) and touches x-axis. Then locus of
2 2
3) x +y -2x-3y=0 4) xy-3x-2y+6=0 centre of circle
6. Vertices of a variable triangle are (5,12), 1) a parabola 2) a circle
(13cos  ,13sin  ) and (13sin  , 13cos  ) , 3) an ellipse 4) a hyperbola
where   R . Locus of it’s orthocentre is : 13. The equation x 3  x 2 y  x  y  0 represents
1) x 2  y 2  6 x  8 y  25  0 1) a straightline
2) a parabola and two lines
2) x 2  y 2  10 x  24 y  169  0 3) a hyparabola and two lines
3) x 2  y 2  10 x  24 y  169  0 4) a line and a circle
14. The graph represented by
4) x 2  y 2  10 x  24 y  169  0
x = sint, y = cos2t is
7. A = (1, 2), B = (3, 4) and the locus of ‘C’ is 1) a parabola
2x + 3y = 5 then the locus of the centroid of 2) a portion of parabola
 ABC is 3) a part of sine graph
1) 27x+21y-8=0 2) 3x+4y-2=0 4) a part of Hyperbola
3) 6x+9y = 26 4) 6x-9y = 26
8. The base of a triangle lies along x=1 and is of EXERCISE-II-KEY
length 1. The area of triangle is 1. The locus 1) 4 2) 1 3) 2 4)2 5) 3 6) 2
of vertex is 7) 3 8) 1 9) 1 10) 4 11) 4 12) 1
1) (x+1)(x-3) = 0 2) (x-1)(x+3)=0 13) 1 14) 2
3) (x+1)(x+3) = 0 4) (x+2)(x-1)=0
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EXERCISE-II-HINTS x-1 =  2
(x-3) (x +1) = 0
4 x 2 4( y  b)2
1.  2  1 ; where k = 6, a = 4, b= 0 Y
a2 k  4a 2
B 1,1
2. A(2,1) , P(x,y) ; B ( ,  ) lies on x 2  y 2  25
x 1
2 2 C P  x, y 
    25 ...............(1)
X
O A 1, 0 
  4   2 
P(x,y) =  ,  x 1
 3 3 
  3 x  4,   3 y  2 ; substitute in (1) 9. x1  ar y1  br
3. A(  ,0) , B(0,  );  P is midpoint of AB. x2  ar 2 y2  br 2
    
 P(x,y) =  2 , 2  ;  = 2x ;  = 2y
  xn  ar n1 yn  br n 1
substitute in  2   2  4 n 1
2
h  n x1 x2 .........xn  a.r
Y
n 1 h a
B 0,   similarly k  b.r 2 ;   bh  ak
k b
P  x, y 
Locus is bx-ay = 0
X 10.
O A  ,0 
Y
P; A, B  1:1 R  x, y 

y12  9
4. m1m2  1;  1 450 
x12  16 
X
Q 1, 0 O S P 1, 0 
5. Let P= (2,3), Q= (x,y)
PQ  L  Slope of PQ  m = -1
 y  3  y  y   y
     1 tan   ; tan     
 x  2  x  1 x 4  1 x
6. Circum Centre (S) = (0,0)
Orthocentre ; O (x,y) = 3G - 2S y
1
= (5+13cos  +13sin  ; 12+13sin  -13cos  ) 1  tan  y 1 x  y
 ; y 1 x
2
( x  5)  ( y  12)
2
1  tan  1  x 1 
1 x
2

 169  (cos   sin  )  (sin   cos  ) 

2

  11. PA+PB = 6; A(4,0) ; B(-4,0) , K = 6

AB = 8 > 6 = K; AB > K (Empty set)
7. c( ,  ) lies on 2x+3y = 5 12. Let center be C(h,k) ; r = k
2  3  5 ................. (1) (Circle touches x- axis)
1 3  2  4   
G ( x, y )   , ( h  0) 2  (k  5)2  k 2 ; h 2  10k  25

 3 3 
Locus is x 2  10 y  25 which represents a
  3x  4 ;   3 y  6 substitute in (1)
parabola.
8. PC = x  1 ; AB=1 13. x 2 ( x  y )  1( x  y )  0 ; ( x 2  1)( x  y )  0
1 x 2  1  0 is not possible for all x  R
Area of  PAB  x  1 (1)  1
2
 x  y  0 which represents a straight line.
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14. x = sint ; y  cos 2 t ; 1  x  1; 0  y 1 |OP| + |OQ|=a, then the locus of foot of

perpendicular from origin on PQ is
2
x  y  sin 2 t  cos 2 t  1 1) (x - y) (x2 + y2) = axy
x
2
 ( y  1) represents portion of a parabola 2) (x + y) (x2 + y2) = axy
3) (x + y) (x2 + y2) = a (x - y)
0,1 4) (x + y) (x2 - y2) = axy
6. If the first point of trisection of AB is
1, 0  O 1, 0 .  t, 2t  and the ends A,B moves on x and y axis
respectively, then locus of mid point of AB is
1) x  y 2) 2x  y 3) 4x  y 4) x  4 y
LEVEL - III 7. The straight line passing through the point
(8,4) and cuts y-axis at B and x-axis at A.The
1. The line joining  5,0  to 10cos ,10sin   is
locus of mid point of AB is
divided internally in the ratio 2:3 at P, then 1) xy  2 x  4 y  64 2) xy  2 x  4 y  0
the locus of P is
3) xy  4 x  2 y  8  0 4) xy  4 x  2 y  72
1) x 2  2 xy  y 2  6 x  0 2) x  y  3  0
8. Sum of the distance of a point from two
2
3)  x  3  y 2  16
4) x 2  y  3 perpendicular lines is 3 the area enclosed by
the locus of the point is
2. The algebraic sum of the perpendicular
1) 18 2) 16 3) 4 4) 15
distances from the points A (-2,0), B(0,2) and
9. Locus of point of intersection of the lines
C(1,1) to a variable line be zero, then all such
lines x sin   y cos   0 and
1) are parallel ax sec   by cos ec  a 2  b 2
2) passes through a fixed point(0,0)
3) form a square 1) x 2  y 2  a 2 2) x 2  y 2  b 2
2
4) passes through the centroid of  ABC. 3) x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2 4) x 2  y 2   a  b 
3. The variable line drawn through the point (1,3)
meets the x-axis at A and y-axis at B. If the 10. If A 1,1 , B  2, 3 , C  1,1 are the points of
rectangle OAPB is completed. Where “O” is P is a point such that the area of the
the origin, then locus of “P” is quadrilateral. P A B and C is 3 sq units then
1 3 locus of P is
1)  1 2) x  3 y  1
y x 1) y 2  6 y  0 2) y 2  6 y  0
1 3 3) x 2  6 y  0 4) x 2  6 y  0
3)   1 4) 3x  y  1 11. A point moves such that the sum of the
x y
4. A and B are the fixed points, the vertex C of squares of its distance from the sides of a
triangle ABC moves such that square of side unity is equal to 9, the locus of
such point is
cot A  cot B  constant. A possible locus of C
is a straightline which is 2 2 7
1) x  y  x  y  0
1) perpendicular to AB 2
2) parallel to AB 2) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  7  0
3) inclined at an angles A-B to AB
4) parallel to x-axis 2 2 5
3) x  y  x  y  0
5. P and Q are two variable points on the axes of 2
x and y respectively such that 4) x 2  y 2  2 x  2 y  5  0
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12. Variable straight lines L1 : y  2 x  c1 and SECOND YEAR CONCEPTUAL

RELATED PROBLEMS
L2 : y  2 x  c2 meet the x-axis in A1 and A2
16. The equation
respectively and y-axis in B1 and B2 16x2+y2+8xy-74x-78y+212 = 0 represents
respectively locus of intersection point of 1) a circle 2) a parabola
3) an ellipse 4) a hyperbola
A1 B2 and A2 B1 is 17. The Curve represented by the equation
1) y  x  0 2) y  x
2 x 2  xy  6 y 2  2 x  17 y  12  0 is
3) y  2 x  0 4) y  2 x 1) a parabola 2) An ellipse
13. Let a and b non zero real numbers. Then the 3) A hyperbola 4) Pair of lines
18. The Curve represented by the equation
equation  ax
2
 by2  c  x2  5xy  6 y2   0
12 x 2  25 xy  12 y 2  10 x  11y  2  0 is
represents (IIT-08)
1) a parabola 2) An ellipse
1) four straight lines, when c=0 and a,b are
3) A hyperbola 4) Pair of lines
of the same sign
19. The Curve represented by the equation
2) two straight lines and a circle, when a=b and c
is of the sign opposite to that of a 2 x 2  4 xy  2 y 2  3 x  3 y  1  0 is
3) a circle and an ellipse, when a and b are of the 1) A rectangular hyperbola 2) A parabola
same sign and c is of the sign opposite to that 3) An ellipse 4) Pair of lines
of a 20. If the distance of any point P(x,y) from the
4) two straight lines and a circle,when a and b are point Q( x1 , y1 ) is given by d(P,Q)=max.
of the same sign and c is of the sign opposite to
that of a  xx 1 , y  y1  . If Q is fixed point (1,2), and
d(P,Q)=3, then the locus of P is
14. The vertices of a triangle are 1, 3 ,   1) a circle 2) a stright line
3) a square 4) a triangle
 2cos  , 2sin   and  2sin  , 2cos  
LEVEL-III - KEY
where   R . The locus of orthocentre of
1) 3 2) 4 3) 3 4) 2 5) 2 6) 3
the triangle is 7) 2 8) 1 9) 4 10) 2 11) 1 12) 3
2
13) 2 14) 3 15) 1 16)2 17) 2 18) 3
2

1)  x  1  y  3  4
19) 1 20) 3
2
LEVEL-III - HINTS
2

2)  x  2   y  3  4
 15  20cos  20sin  
2 1.  ,    x, y  ;
2

3)  x  1  y  3  8  5 5 
2
Eliminate ‘ ’
2

4)  x  2   y  3  8 2. Algebraic sum of the perpendicular distances from
three non collinear points is zero, then the line
15. The equations of perpendicular bisectors passing through centroid of the triangle formed by
of two sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC are these points.
x  y  1  0 and x  y  1  0 respectively. If
x y
circumradius of ABC is 2 units, then the 3. Let the line be  1
a b
locus of vertex A is
1 3
1) x2  y2  2x  3  0 2) x2  y 2  2x  3  0 If passes through (1,3),    1
a b
3) x2  y2  2x  3  0 4) x 2  y 2  2 x  3  0 A  a,0  , B  0, b  .  P   a, b 

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 LOCUS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III

1 3 2 x y
 locus of P is x  y  1 . equation A2 B2 in c  c  1 elimiate c1 and
2 1
C
c2 from the above equations.
4. 13. x 2  5 xy  6 y 2  0 representes two straightlines
A D B if c<0, a=b then
AD DB c c
cot A  , cot B  , ax 2  by 2  c  0  x 2  y 2  ; where 0
CD CD a a
AD DB  1  2 cos   2sin  3  2sin   2 cos  
cotA+cotB = constant;   constant
CD CD 14.  , 
 3 3 
AB
 constant ; CD = constant (  AB is
CD C(0,0) G H(x, y)
constant) 1:2
Y
x 1  2 cos   2sin 
Q

3 3
R
 x  1  2cos   2sin 
5. P y 3  2 sin   2 cos 
O
X

3 3
Let P  , 0  Q  0,    y  3  2 sin   2 cos 
2
Equation of the circle passing through O,P,R
2
x y 2
 x  1
2

 y 3 8 
is x 2  y 2   x  0 ;   15. Clearly, point of intersection of lines
x
x2  y2 x  y  1  0 and x  y  1  0 is  1, 0 
III ly   ;    a which is circumcentre of triangle ABC.
y
6. Let P  h, k  locus of mid point A  a, 0  B  0, b  Let A  h, k  be any point on required locus.
2
2a b So,  h  1  k 2  4 .
 t , 2 t    ,  eliminate t we get 4h  k
 3 3 A h, k 
x y
7. Let Equation of AB   1 ...(1)
a b
Let P  h, k  locus of mid point of AB 1, 0 
B C
a  2h, b  2k substitue in (1) we get
xy  2 x  4 y  0 2
Hence, locus of  h, k  is  x  1  y 2  4
8. Let P  x, y  be the locus
 x2  y 2  2 x  3  0
x  y  3  area = 18 sq.units 16. abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch2  0 and
9. Eliminate 
h 2  ab
10. Let P  x1 y  be the locus of the point 17.   abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch2 ;
1 x  2 11  17  1  289 
3 =(2)(6)(-12)+2   (-1)   -2   -
2 y  3 11  2 2  4 
11. Let  h, k  be the locus 1 2 1
6(1)+12   0.; h  ; ab = 2(6) = 12
2 2
h 2  1  h   k 2  1  k   9 4 4
2
h  ab
2x y Hence given equaion represents an Ellipse.
12. Equation A 1B2 in c  c  1
1 2 18.   abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch 2

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JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III LOCUS

 11   25   121  3. Let P(x1,y1)be any point on the locus then

=(12)(12)(2)+2  2  (5)  2  -12  4  -12(25)- observe the following lists
     
 625  LIST - I LIST - II
2  4   1375  0 A) The distance from 1) 0
 
625 P to x-axis is
h2   144 ab  144  h 2  ab B) The distance from 2) |y1|
4
Hence given equation represents a Hyperbola. P to y-axis is
19.   abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch 2 C) The distance from 3) x12  y12
 3  3  9 9
= (2)(-2)(1)+2  2   2   2  2  4   2  4   4 P to origin is 4) x1
      
= -4+9-4 = 1  0. A B C A B C
h 2  4 ; ab= -4 ; a+b = 0; h 2  ab 1) 4 2 1 2) 2 4 3
Hence given equation represents rectangular 3) 4 2 3 4) 2 4 1
hyperbola.
20. Locus of P consist of lines x  1  3, y  2  3 SECOND YEAR CONCEPTUAL RELATED
PROBLEMS
LEVEL - IV 4. LIST- I LIST- II
A)The locus of the 1) a parabola
Match the following :
1. Vertices of the triangle (‘t’ being parameter) are point ( a cos  , a sin  ) is
given in list-I and locus of the respective centroids B)The locus of the 2) an ellipse
is given in list-II.Match the two lists. point  at 2 , 2at  is
LIST- I LIST- II
C)The locus of the 3) a circle
A) P(1,2),Q(-2,-2),R(2 t , t ) 1) 6 x  3 y  5  0
point ( a cos  , b sin  ) is 4) a hyperbola
B) P(2,3),Q(-2,0),R( t , t ) 2) 6 x  3 y  7  0 A B C A B C
C) P( t ,2 t ),Q(3,0),R(0,1) 3) 3 x  3 y  4  0 1) 3 1 2 2) 2 3 1
3) 3 2 1 4) 2 4 1
D) P(-1,-1), Q(-t,-t),R(4,0) 4) 3 x  6 y  1  0
Assertion and reason :
5) x  y  1  0 5. Assertion (A) : The equation to the locus of
The correct matching is points which are equidistant from the points
A B C D A B C D (-3,2), (0,4) is 6x+4y-3=0
1) 5 3 2 1 2) 1 2 5 4 Reason (R) : The locus of points which are
3) 4 5 1 3 4) 1 2 3 4 equidistant to A, B is the perpendicular
2. LIST- I LIST- II bisector of AB is
1) A is true, R is true and R is correct explanation
A)The locus of the 1) x 2  y 2  a 2 of A
point (a sec , b tan ) is 2) A is true, R is true but R is not correct
explanation A
x2 y 2 3) A is true, R is false 4) A is false, R is true
B)The locus of the 2)  1
a2 b2 Statement model :
point (2t , 2 / t ) is 6. Statement I : The locus of the point, whose
distance from the x-axis is twice its distance
C)The locus of the 3) xy  4 from the y-axis is y2 = 4x2
(a sec , ata n  ) is 4) x2+y2-ax+by=0 Statement II : The locus of the point
A B C A B C (cot  +cos  , cot  -cos  ) is (x2-y2)2 = 16xy
1) 3 2 1 2) 2 3 1 Which of the above are true
3) 3 1 2 4) 2 4 1 1) Only I 2) Only II
3) Both I & II 4) neither I nor II
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 LOCUS JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III
7. Statement I : A(0,0), B(cos  , sin  ), 4) union of a line segment of finite length and an
C( -sin  , cos  ) are vertices of a triangle infinite ray.
then the locus of the centroid of triangle is 14. The area of the region bounded by locus of P
9x2+9y2= 4 and line y  4 in first quadrant is
Statement II : The locus of the point (a cos  , 1) 2sq.units 2) 4sq.units
3) 6sq.units 4) 8sq.unit
x2 y 2
b sin ) is + =1 15. The locus of point P is
a 2 b2 1) one-one and onto function
Which of the above statement is correct: 2) many-one and onto function
1) Only I 2) Only II 3) one-one and into function
3) Both I and II 4Neither I Nor II 4) relation but not function
8. Statement I : If sum of algebraic distance from
FROM 16 to 18
points A 1,1 , B  2,3 , C  0, 2  is zero on the
A variable line ‘L’ is drawn through O  0,0 
line ax  by  c  0 then a  3b  c  0
Statement II :The centroid of triangle is (1,2) to meet the lines L1 and L2 given by
1) Only I 2) Only II y  x  10  0 and y  x  20  0 at the points
3) Both I & II 4) neither I nor II A and B respectively
Paragraph questions : 16. A point P is taken on ‘L’ such that
FROM 9 to 12 2 / OP  1/ OA  1/ OB .Then the locus of P is
Consider the locus of a moving point P(x,y) in 1) 3x  3 y  40 2) 3x  3 y  40  0
the plane which satisfies the condition
2 2 3) 3x  3 y  40 4) 3 y  3x  40
2x 2  r 2  r 4 where r 2  x  y .
17. Locus of P, if OP  OA  OB is
2
9. If 0  r  1 , number of satisfiing points of P
2 2
lie on the curve 1)  y  x   100 2)  y  x   50
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 2 2
10. If r=0, number of satisfiing points of P lie on 3)  y  x   200 4)  y  x   10
the curve 2
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 18. Locus of P, if 1/ OP 2   1/ OB   1/ OA2 
11. If r=1, number of satisfiing points of P lie on is
the curve 2 2
1) 0 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 1)  y  x   80 2)  y  x   100
12. The equation to the locus of points equidistant 2
3)  y  x   64
2
4)  y  x   5
from the points (-2,3), (6,-5) is ax+by+c=0
(a>0)then increasing order of a, b, c is LEVEL-IV-KEY
1) a, b, c 2) c, b, a 3) b, c, a 4) a, c, b 1) 3 2) 2 3) 2 4) 1 5) 1 6) 3
FROM 13 to 15 7) 2 8) 2 9) 4 10) 1 11) 2 12) 2
For points P  x1 , y1  and Q   x2 , y2  of the 13) 4 14) 2 15) 4 16) 4 17) 3 18) 1
co-ordinate plane, a new distance d  P, Q  is LEVEL-IV-HINTS
defined by d  P, Q   x1  x2  y1  y2 . Let  1  2  2t 2  2  t   2t  1 t 
1. A) G   ,  , 
 3 3   3 3
O   0,0  and A   3, 2  . Consider the set of lies are 3x-6y+1=0; B,C,D are similar to A.
points P in the first quadrant which are
equidistant ( with respect to the new distance)  cos   sin  cos   sin  
from O and A. 2. i)  ,    x, y 
13. The set of points P consists of  3 3 
1) one straight line only x y
2) union of two line segments ii)  cos  ,  sin 
a b
3) union of two infinite rays

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JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-III LOCUS

3. Centroid G  1, 2  weget a  2b  c  0 If h  3, k  2 then (h,k) lies in region II.Then

h  3 2  k  h  k
4. i) y  2 x ; ii) eliminate 
1
5. Standared result  k   not possible.
2
x2 y 2 If h  3, k  2 then (h,k) lies in region III.Then
6. A) x 2  y   a 2 ; B) y 2  4ax ; C)  1
a2 b2
h  3  k  2  h  k  5  0 not possible
x2 y2 If h  3, k  2, then  h, k  lies in region IV. Then
7. A)  1; B) xy  c 2 ; C) x2  y2  a2
a2 b2
1
8. A) The distance from P to x-axis is y1 3h  k 2  h  k  h 
2
B) The distance from P to y-axis is x1 Hence, the required set consists of line segment
5
C) OP  x12  y12 x y  of finite length as shown in the first
2
9. r 2  x 2  y 2  x 2  r 2 ;  2 x 2  2r 2 1
region and the ray x  in the fourth region.
 r 2  r 4  2r 2 ;  r
2
r 2
 1  0 2
Obviously locus of P is union of line segment and
 r 2  1  0 ; 1  r 1but r  0  o  r  1 one infinite ray.
The curve is symmetric about the x- axis as well 14. Area of region OBCDEFO
as y-axis thus if (h,k) is a point on the curve thus (- Area of trapezium OBCF+area of rectangle
h,k) (-h,-k) (h,-k) are also point on the curve all FCDE = 4
which are at same distance from (0,0) 15. Obviously locus of P is a relation but not a function
10. If r=0 there is only one point (0,0) 16. Let the parametric equation of a line is
11. If r=1 there are two points (1,0), (-1,0)
x y
12. A  2,3 , B  6, 5 , P( x, y) ; PA  PB .  r
cos  sin 
Y 1 sin   cos 
1 Putting in L1 weget 
x
2
x3 OA 10
y4
E D IV 1 sin   cos 
III 
Putting in L2 weget
1 
C  ,2
OB 20
2  A 3, 2 
F
y2 Let P (h,k) and OP=r weget 2/r =
13. x y 
5
I 2
II sin   cos  sin   cos 

X 10 20
O B
3 y  3x  40

Let P  h, k  be a general point in the first quadrant 200

17. r 2  2 hence locus is
 sin   cos  
such that d  P, A  d  P, Q 
2
h 3  k  2  h  k  h  k ...(i)  y  x  200
2 2
[ h and k are +ve point, P  h, k  being in first 1  sin   cos    sin   cos  
18.  
quadrant] 2 100 400
2
If h  3, k  2 , then  h, k  lies in region I. Then Hence, the locus is  x  y   80 .
5
3 h  2  k  h  k  h  k 
2
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 39