INDIAN SCHOOL AL WADI AL KABIR

Class: VIII DEPARTMENT: SCIENCE-2021-2022 DATE: 27.02.2022

WORKSHEET NO.:17 TOPIC: CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF NOTE: A4 FILE
WITH ANSWERS ELECTRIC CURRENT FORMAT
NAME OF THE STUDENT CLASS & SEC: ROLL NO.

I. VERY SHORT ANSWER (1M):

1. What is electroplating?
[The process of depositing a layer of any desired metal on another material by means of
electricity is called electroplating.]

2. Why do most liquids conduct electricity?

[Due to the presence of ions in them, most liquids conduct electricity.]

3. An LED is more efficient device than a bulb. Why?

[Light Emitting Diode is more efficient because they can glow even when a weak or less
current flows through them]

4. What makes distilled water a good conductor?

[Salts when mixed with distilled water make it a good conductor.]

5. Why is a layer of zinc coated over iron? [To prevent iron from corrosion and rust.]
6. What precaution is taken in regard to the cell, while checking the tester? Why?
[While checking the tester, one must not join its free ends for more than a few
seconds. Otherwise, the cells of the battery will drain very quickly.]

7. Why do we infuse chromium electroplating on taps and bars of bicycles instead of silver
and gold?
[Silver and gold are very expensive compared to chromium.]
8. Current does not flow in a circuit if there is a gap between the two wires. Does it indicate
that air is a poor conductor of electricity? Does air never conduct electricity? Explain.
[Air is a poor conductor of electricity if it is dry but in certain cases like during lightning
and when air is moist, air may conduct electricity.]

9. What are electrodes?

[A solid conductor through which electricity enters or leaves a substance.]

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 10. Write two applications of the chemical effect of electric current.
[Two common applications of the chemical effect of electric current are: I .electroplating of
metals II. Purification of metals]

For question numbers 11to 13, two statements are given- one labelled Assertion (A) and the
other labelled Reason (R).
Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below
i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of assertion.
ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of assertion.
iii) A is true but R is false.
iv) A is false but R is true

11. Assertion (A): The rain water is a good conductor of electricity.

Reason (R): When water falls down as raindrops, many impurities dissolve in it. The
presence of impurities makes rain water a good conductor of electricity
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of assertion.

12. Assertion (A): Tin cans, used for storing food are made by electroplating tin on iron.
Reason (R): Chromium has a shiny appearance and does not corrode and resists scratches.
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of assertion.

13. Assertion (A) : Water can be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen by heating to a very
high temperature.
Reason(R): The chemical effects of electric current are used to decompose various
chemical compounds into their elements.
(iv) A is false but R is true.

II. a) PASSAGE BASED :

Read the following passage and answer the questions
William Nicolson, a British chemist had proved by his experiments that when electric current
is passed through certain liquids or solutions that conduct electricity, chemical changes
occur. This is called the chemical effect of electric current. The chemical decomposition of a
liquid or solution while passing an electric current is called electrolysis. The liquid or
solution that breaks up during electrolysis is called electrolyte. He proved that if electrodes
connected to terminals of a battery were immersed in water and the current was passed
through the water, bubbles of oxygen and hydrogen were produced. Oxygen bubbles were
produced on the electrode which was connected to the positive terminal of the battery and
hydrogen bubbles were produced on the electrode connected to the negative terminal of the
battery. The electrode which is connected to the negative terminal of the battery is called
cathode, and the electrode connected to the positive terminal is called anode.

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 Using the same information, Sandhya and Shilpa performed an experiment to show that
water can conduct electricity. Shilpa fixed a zero-watt bulb in the circuit, but Sandhya told
her to use LED as it glows even at low voltage. They used distilled water to test the
conductivity but no current passed through the circuit. Sandhya decided to add an ingredient
to convert distilled water into a conducting solution.
i) Which of the following ingredients, when added to water, will not serve the purpose for
them?
a) Sugar b) Orange juice c) Dilute hydrochloric acid d) Salt

ii) Formation of gas bubbles can be observed when an electric current is passed through an
electrode which is immersed in a conducting solution. Which type of effect causes the
formation of gas bubbles?
a) Mechanical effect b) Chemical effect c) Electrical effect d) Thermal effect

iii) Electrode connected to the negative terminal of the battery is called

a) Cathode b) Anode c) Anode/ cathode d) None of the above

iv) When electrolysis of water is carried out, water is decomposed into

a) Oxygen gas only b) Hydrogen gas only
c) Both hydrogen and oxygen gases d) Oxygen and copper

v) Which of the following statements is incorrect about the conductivity of water?

a) Rainwater is a good conductor of electricity
b) On addition of table salt, water conducts electricity
c) On addition of lemon juice, water conducts electricity
d) Water becomes a good conductor of electricity when heated

II. b) CASE STUDY BASED PASSAGE

Sita and her mother reached a jewellery shop to purchase some ornaments. She liked a
necklace very much but her mother told her not to purchase it because it is not real gold.
When she checked the information tag, it was written that 1gm gold. The necklace was quite
big and heavy. She was surprised to see it and asked about it. The salesman explained that it
is a gold-plated necklace. Then Sita checked that the process of depositing a layer of any
desired metal on another material by means of electricity is called electroplating. It is one of
the most common applications of the chemical effects of electric current. Nowadays, people
prefer to buy gold plated jewellery, similarly iron articles are often coated with zinc or
chromium to protect them from rusting and corrosion.
In electroplating factories, the disposal of the used conducting solution is a major concern. It
is a polluting waste and specific disposal guidelines should be followed to protect the
environment.

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 i) What was the explanation given by the salesman?
a) It is made up of light weight gold
b) It is made up of 1gm gold but water is filled inside.
c) It is made up of copper and 1gm gold is applied on it by electroplating.
d) It is made up of 1gm gold only and is hollow inside.

ii) Waste from an electroplating factory must be disposed off

a) in the nearby river
b) in the nearby pond
c) in the nearby cornfield
d) according to the disposal guidelines of Waste Management Bodies

iii) Which of the following is not an application of the chemical effects of electric current?
a) Electroplating of metals
b) Purification of metals
c) Decomposition of elements
d) Decomposition of compounds

iv) One of the following is not used for electroplating metal articles. This one is:
a) Nickel
b) Chromium
c) Sodium
d) Silver

v) Which of the following effects is not produced by the chemical reactions brought about
by an electric current?
a) Bubbles of gases on electrodes
b) Deposits of metal on electrodes
c) Change in colour of solution
d) Formation of a precipitate

III. a) SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (2M):

1. What happens when electric current is passed through the copper sulphate solution?
[When electric current is passed through the copper sulphate solution, copper sulphate
dissociates into copper and sulphate. The free copper gets drawn to the electrode
connected to the negative terminal of the battery and gets deposited on it.]

2. What happens when an electric current is passed through a cut potato for a considerable
time?

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 [When an electric current is passed through a cut potato for a considerable time, greenish
blue spot is formed around positive electrode. The chemical effect of the electric current
is involved in this process.]

3. Why is chromium used for electroplating? Why are the objects that have chromium
plating not made of chromium itself?
[Chromium has a shiny look. It does not get corroded and it resists scratches. Chromium
is however expensive and it may not be economical to make the whole object out of it.
So, the object is made from a cheaper metal and only a coating of chromium is done over
it.]

4. On what factors thickness of the electroplated items depend?

[Thickness of electroplated items depends upon: The strength of the current passing
through the circuit, the concentration of the metal ion in the solution, the duration of the
time the article has been in the solution.]

5. Will the solution of sugar in distilled water conduct electricity?

[Hint-No, the solution of sugar in distilled water is a poor conductor of electricity and
therefore current cannot pass through it.]

III. b) SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (3M):

1. Name the effect of current responsible for the glow of the bulb in an electric circuit.
[Hint- Heating effect of electric current is responsible for the bulb to glow in an electric
circuit. Due to the heating effect, the filament of the bulb gets heated to a high
temperature and it starts glowing.]

2. With respect to electroplating of copper over an iron nail.

i) What is used as a positive terminal? [Hint-copper strip]
ii) Name the solution used.[Hint- Copper sulphate]
iii) What is used as a negative terminal? [Hint- Iron nail]

3. Explain the effect of impurities on the electrical conductivity of water.

(Hint- Tap water contains dissolved salts which increases the conductivity of water.)

4. Why is tin electroplated on iron to make cans used for storing food?
[Hint- Electroplating of tin is done on the iron to make cans used for storing food
because tin is less reactive than iron. Coating of tin prevents food from coming in
contact with iron and thus, prevents it from getting spoiled.]

5. Give reasons for the following.

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 a) Operating electrical appliances with wet hands is very dangerous.
[Operating electrical appliances with wet hands is very dangerous as it may lead to
electric shocks and even death. This is because water containing impurities is a good
conductor of electricity. This makes wet skin several times more electrically
conductive than dry skin.]

b) Sodium chloride solution is a good conductor of electricity.

[Sodium chloride is a salt, which is a poor conductor of electricity in its solid phase.
However, when the salt is dissolved in water, they form sodium and chloride ions.
Ions are charged particles which accommodate the flow of electric current in the salt
solution. Therefore, sodium chloride solution acts as a good conductor of
electricity.]

c) Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity.

[ Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity because it has very few ions in it to
conduct electricity.]

IV. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (5 M):

1. a) In the circuit given in the figure, Boojho observed
that copper is deposited on the electrode connected to
the negative terminal of the battery. Paheli tried to
repeat the same experiment. But she could find only
one copper plate. Therefore, she took a carbon rod as
negative electrode. Will copper be still deposited on the
carbon rod? Explain your answer.
[Hint-Yes, copper from the copper sulphate solution will be deposited on the carbon rod.
When electric current is passed through the copper sulphate solution, copper sulphate
dissociates into copper and sulphate. The free copper gets drawn to the electrode
connected to the negative terminal of the battery, i.e. carbon rod and gets deposited on it.
Thus, Paheli will obtain a coating of copper on the carbon rod.]

b) You are provided with a magnetic compass, an empty matchbox, a battery of two cells
and connecting wires. Using these objects, how will you make a tester for testing an
electric circuit?
[Hint-Take the tray from the inside of a discarded matchbox. Wrap an electric wire a few
times around the tray. Place a small compass needle inside it. Now, connect one free end
of the wire to the one terminal of a battery. Leave the other end free. Take another piece
of wire and connect it to the other terminal of the battery. Join the free ends of two wires
momentarily. The compass needle shows deflection due to the magnetic effect of current.
The tester with two free ends of the wire is ready.]

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 c) Mention one important difference in the conduction of electricity by solids and liquids.
[Hint: No chemical changes take place when electricity is passed through solids while in
liquids changes take place when electricity is passed.]

d) Suppose you want to deposit silver on an iron spoon using silver nitrate as electrolyte.
Which terminal of the battery should you connect the spoon? What material should the
other electrode be made of?
[Silver ions are positively charge, so the spoon must be connected to the negative
terminal to deposit silver on it. The other electrode should be made of silver.]

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of electroplating?

[Electroplating is a very useful process. It is widely used in industry for coating metal
objects with a thin layer of different metal. The advantages and disadvantages of
electroplating are:
Advantages:
 It protects the metals from being corroded.
 It prevents the rusting of metals.
 It makes cheap and dull metals shiny and attractive.
 It can make more reactive metals like iron less reactive.
 Chromium coating on metals gives lustre to objects.
Disadvantages
 Pollutants from electroplating industries are very harmful. Some chemicals are
very lethal for both humans and animals.
 It is an expensive process.]

Prepared by: MS. RANJANA.S. CHECKED BY: HOD - SCIENCE

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