EXPLANATION TEXT A. Tujuan Pembelajaran Setelah Kegiatan Pembelajaran kali ini, peserta didik diharapkan terampil dan dapat ‘membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks explanation tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait gejala alam atau sosial yang terjadi di sekitar lingkungan Kalian. Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran kali ini, Kalian akan dikenalkan pada contoh Explanation Text yang disajikan dalam bentuk tulis pada kegiatan membaca. . Uraian Materi Pada bagian ini Kalian akan mempelajari tentang pengertian Explanation Text. Apa yang dimaksud dengan Explanation Text? Yang dimaksud dengan Explanation Text adalah teks yang digunakan untuk menerangkan cara atau proses terjadinya sesuatu, terutama yang berkaitan dengan fenomena alam, dunia ilmiah atau sosial budaya. ‘An explanation is written to explain how and why something in the world happens. It is ‘about actions rather than about thing. Explanation text berfungsi untuk menjelaskan proses dan penyebab terjadinya suatu peristiwa atau suatu hal secara detail. Sebuah Explanation text biasanya berasal dari pertanyaan terkait why dan how terhadap suatu fenomena yang ada. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tujuan Explanation Text yaitu untuk menerangkan proses-proses yang terjadi dalam pembentukan sesuatu atau kegiatan yang terkait dengan fenomena- fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lainnya yang bertujuan menjelaskan mengapa dan bagaimana hal tersebut bisa terjadi Struktur teks / Generic Structure sebuah explanation text terdiri atas General ‘Statement, Sequenced Explanation dan Closing atau Concluding Statement. Practice 1: Read the following text carefully and answer the questions below. EARTHQUAKES Tile Earthquakes bemg the most deadly natural hazards strike | Genoral Statement out any prior warning leaving catastrophe in their wake with terrible locs of human lives as well as economic lose. Technically, an earthquake (also Known as tremor, quake or | Sequenced Explanation ‘temblor) is 2 kind of vibration tarough earth's crust. These powerful movements trigger a rapid release of energy that| creates seismic waves that travel through the earth, Earthquakes are usually brief but may repeat over a long period| of time (earth science 2001), Earthquakes are classified as large and small. Large earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take| form of violent shock. Tae vibrations from a large earthquake! last for few days known as aftershocks. Small earthquakes are| usually slight tremors and do not cause much damage. Large! earthquakes are known to take down buildings and cause deat| and injury (Richter 1935). According to some statistics, there! ‘may be an average of 500,000 earthquakes every year but only| about 100,000 can be felt and about 100 or so can cause damage! each year. Earthquakes are dreaded by everyone, Closing atau. Concluding Statement ‘Apakah Kalian sudah membaca teks di atas dengan baik? Nah, sekarang Kalian tentu sudah paham isi teks eksplanasi tadi, bukan? Good job. Ayo, sekarang kita analisa kembali teks di atas, ‘terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan ciri kebahasaannya dengan menjawab pertanyaan berikut. Questions: 1. What does the text mostly talk about? 2. Whatis paragraph 1 about? 3. What do paragraph 2 and 3 discuss on? 4. What does paragraph 4 tell us about?Kalian pasti dapat menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan tadi dengan baik. Untuk lebih meyakin Kalian, mari kita bahas dan kerjakan bersama-sama, 1. What does the text mostly talk about? Dari judul teks di atas kita bisa melihat bahwa penulis akan memberikan informasi tentang ‘earthquake. Maka Jawabannya: The text mostly talks about earthquake. 2. What is paragraph 1 about? Di paragraf 1 dijelaskan tentang apa itu gempa bumi. Paragraf ini berisi penjelasan umum tentang gempa bumi. Maka jawabannya; Paragraph 1 is about the description of earthquake. 3. What do paragraph 2 and 3 discuss on? Di paragraf 2 dan 3 dijelaskan tentang bagaimana proses gempa bumi terjadi. Maka jawabannya: Paragraph 2 is about how earthquake happens. 4, What does paragraph 4 tell us about? Paragraf 4 berisi pendapat / kesimpulan dari penulis. Maka jawabannya: Paragraph 4 is about the writer opinion toward earthquake. 5. What does the writer write the text for? Tujuan teks eksplanasi bisa dilihat bagaimana penulis memberikan informasi di setiap paragrafnya. Di setiap paragraph dari teks di atas, dijelaskan mengenai bagaimana earthquake bisa terjadi. Maka jawabannya: The writer writes the text to explain how and why an earthquake happens to the readers 6. What kind of tense does the text mostly use? Berdasar kata kerja yang digunakan dalam teks diatas, (strike, trigger, travel, begin, take, cause, dll.) dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar tense yang digunakan adalah present tense, Maka jawabannya: The text mostly uses present tense. Bagaimana dengan hasil kerja Kalian? Kalian dapat menjawab seluruh pertanyaan tersebut dengan benar, bukan? Well done, Sekarang, apakah Kalian sudah paham dengan ciri-ciri yang ada di teks eksplanasi di atas? Great. Jika Kalian membacanya dengan serius Kalian akan mudah untuk memahaminya. Sekarang, untuk lebih memudahkan bagi Kalian untuk mengingat konsep materi di KD ini cermati dan catat ulang penjelasan berikut ini di buku catatan Kalian. Practice 2: Read and understand the explanation below. Then, rewrite this explanation on your note books Using your own language. er ee a Et ee 1A Title that identifies the top ae] ee peste ate noet ergy oneeir ot ee a eer eer the subjec - Rangkuman ‘Sekarang Kalian perhatikan penjelasan di bawah ini, agar pemahaman Kalian tentang Explanation text lebih mendalam.‘Yaitu pengenalan suatu peristiwa yang akan kita ceritakan, Atau penjelasan umum tentang peristiwa tersebut. Dalam general statement berisi tentang penjelasan lumum tentang fenomena yang akan dibahas, bisa berupa pengenalan fenomena tersebut atau penjelasannya. bb. Sequenced explanations Yaitu penjelasan mengapa dan bagaimana peristiwa itu terjadi. Dalam bagian ini penulis dapat menulis lebih dari satu paragraf. Sequenced explanations berisi tentang penjelasan proses mengapa fenomena tersebut bisa terjadi atau tercipta, Sequenced ‘explanations berupa jawaban dari pertanyaan why dan how penulis ketika membuat sebuah explanation text. Sequenced explanations bisa terdiri lebih dari satu paragraf. ¢. Closing / Concluding Statement Yaitu penutup atau kesimpulan dari cerita tersebut. Sebenarnya closing itu tidak tercantum dalam generic structure dari explanation text, tetapi kebanyakan orang. beranggapan bahwa paragrap terakhir dari sebuah explanation text adalah closing, padahal itu merupakan bagian dari sequenced explanations yang berisi tentang langkah aktir yang dijelaskan pada bagian sequenced explanations. 2. Ciri-Ciri Kebahasaan Unsur Kebahasaan a. Adverbia first, then, following, finally bb. Hubungan sebab-akibat (if then, so, as a consequence, since, due to, because of, thanks to c.Kalimat pasif, dalam tenses yang present 4. Ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi, ejaan, tanda baca, dan tulisan tangan Latihan Soal Choose the best option A, B,C, Dor E ! Recycling is a collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled, The recycling process reclaims the original material and uses in new products, In genera, using ecycied materials to make new products costs less and requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution either by reducing the ddemand for high polltion alternatives or by minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process. Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint. In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes toa processing plant where itis mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works much like a big kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and filtered to remave smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a lage vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and floats tothe surface. The inks skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is mixed with new wood fibers to be mad into paper again Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 ke of wastepaper per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m ( about 50 cu ft) of landfill ‘space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees ( trees used to produce paper ). 1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT... A. Precious metals 8. c . e Broken glass Old newspapers Plastic spoons Fresh vegetables and fruits ng is NOT the benefit of recycling?Cs °. E It requires less energy It can reduce pollution It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives 3. What is the third step of recycling paper products? A 8. c. . e Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminium foil |. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp ‘Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again 4, We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by doing the followings, EXCEPT... A 8. c . E Skim it off Dryit Reuse as ink Burn as boiler fuel Mix it with the pulp