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Lesson 1 - INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, THE INTERNET, AND YOU

Information Technology

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35 views45 pages

Lesson 1 - INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, THE INTERNET, AND YOU

Information Technology

Uploaded by

vinesvitasa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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refers to the use of computers,

networking, storage, and other physical


devices, infrastructure, and processes
to create, process, store, secure, and
exchange all forms of electronic data. IT
is commonly used in the context of
business operations as opposed to
personal or entertainment technologies.
Data is a collection of facts, figures, or
information that can be used for analysis,
decision-making, and other purposes. In
the context of Information Technology (IT)
and computer science, data refers to raw,
unprocessed information that can be
stored, manipulated, and transmitted by
computers.
Data are such as numbers, text,
dates, and ratings, all of which can
be collected, stored, and analyzed
Information is processed, organized,
or structured data that is meaningful
and useful. It is data that has been
interpreted, aggregated, or analyzed
to provide insights or knowledge.
• "The average temperature over the
past week was 72.6°F."
• "Sales increased by 10% from the
previous quarter."
• The color of the flower is lavander.
is a coordinated set of
components and resources that
collect, process, store, and
distribute information to support
decision-making, coordination,
control, analysis, and visualization
in an organization.
1. People
2. Procedures
3. Software
4. Hardware
5. Data
6. Internet
People are surely the most
important part of any information
system. Our lives are touched every
day by computers and information
systems. Many times the contact is
direct and obvious, such as when we
create documents using a word
processing program or when we
connect to the Internet. Other
times, the contact is not as obvious.
It is easy to overlook people as one
of the five parts of an information
system. Yet, this is what
microcomputers are all about –
making people, end users like you
more productive. Throughout, you
will find a variety of features
designed to help you become
computer competent and
knowledgeable.
Users and IT professionals who interact with the
system and use the information it provides.
The rules or guidelines for people to
follow when using software, hardware,
and data are procedures. These
procedures are typically documented in
manuals written by computer
specialists. Software and hardware
manufacturers provide manuals with
their products. These manuals are
provided in either printed or electronic
form.
is another name for programs. Programs are
the instructions that tell the computer how to
process data into the form you want. In
most cases, the words software and
programs are interchangeable. There are
two major kinds of software: system
software and application software. You can
think of application software as the kind you
use. Think of system software as the kind
the computer uses.
System software is a type of computer program
designed to operate and control the hardware of
a computer system, providing a platform for
running application software. It serves as an
intermediary between the hardware and the user
applications, ensuring that all components of the
system function together smoothly.
• Operating System (OS)
• Device Drivers
• Utility Software
• Manages hardware resources,
provides a user interface, and
serves as a platform for running
application software. The OS
handles tasks like memory
management, process
management, file management,
and device management.
Microsoft Windows MAC OS

Ubuntu Linux
• are specialized software that
allow an operating system to
communicate with hardware
devices.
1. Graphics Card Drivers
2. Printer Driver
3. Network Adapter Driver
4. Sound Card Driver
5. USB Controller Driver
6. Motherboard Chipset Driver
7. Disk Drive Driver
8. Keyboard and Mouse Driver
9. Bluetooth Driver
10. Camera Driver
• Utility software, also known as
utilities, is a type of system
software designed to help
manage, maintain, and control
computer resources. These
tools perform specific tasks to
optimize, protect, and maintain
the efficiency of a computer
system
Disk
Windows Disk Defragment
Anti-virus Tools
Cleanup
Application software, also known as "apps,"
refers to programs designed to perform specific
tasks for the user, such as word processing,
web browsing, or gaming. Unlike system
software, which manages and operates the
computer hardware, application software
directly helps users perform tasks that they
need to accomplish.
Software is a set of instructions, data, or programs
used to operate a computer and execute specific
tasks. In simpler terms, software tells a computer
how to function. It’s a generic term used to refer to
applications, scripts, and programs that run on
devices such as PCs, mobile phones, tablets, and
other smart devices. Software contrasts with
hardware, which is the physical aspects of a
computer that perform the work.
1. Word Processing
2. Spreadsheet
3. Presentation
4. Multimedia
5. Web Browsers
6. Educational
7. Graphics
8. Freeware
9. Open-source
10. Closed-source
refers to the physical components
of a computer system and
electronic devices. It includes all
the tangible parts that you can see
and touch, as opposed to software,
which consists of the intangible
programs and data that run on
these hardware components.
1. Input Devices
2. Output Devices
3. Storage Devices
Devices used to input data
into a computer. They allow
users to interact with and
provide commands to the
system.
Devices that output data
from the computer,
presenting information in a
readable or audible form.
Storage devices are hardware
components used to store and
retrieve digital data. They come
in various forms and capacities,
each suited to different needs,
from long-term data archiving
to quick access and transfer of
files.
Data is raw, unprocessed facts,
including text, numbers, images,
and sounds. As we have
mentioned earlier, processed data
becomes information. When
stored electronically in files, data
can be used directly as input for
the system unit.
The Internet is a global network of
interconnected computers and
servers that enables the
exchange of data and information
across the world. It is a vast and
complex system that supports
various services, including web
browsing, email, file transfer, and
online communication.
Connectivity is the capability of
your personal computer to share
information with other computers.
A network – is a communication
system connecting two or more
computers.
Wired and wireless connections are two
primary methods for connecting devices to
a network or the Internet. Each has its
advantages and disadvantages, and the
choice between them depends on various
factors such as speed, convenience, and
the specific use case.
• Wired Connections: Provide high speed,
stability, and security but lack mobility.
Commonly used for devices that require
reliable and high-performance connections.
• Wireless Connections: Offer mobility and
convenience, allowing devices to connect
without physical cables, but can be affected by
interference and typically offer lower speeds
and reliability compared to wired connections.
Choosing between wired and wireless
connections depends on your
specific needs, such as speed
requirements, mobility, and the
environment in which the connection
will be used.
The Internet consists of technologies
developed by different individuals and
organizations. Important figures include Robert
W. Taylor, who led the development of the
ARPANET (The Advanced Research Projects
Agency Network - an early prototype of the
Internet), and Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn, who
developed the Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
technologies.

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