Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 12 views

    Amoxicillin Drug Study

    Uploaded by

    Ed King Cubalan
    Assignment in Pharmacology

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Amoxicillin Drug Study

    Uploaded by

    Ed King Cubalan
    12 views3 pages
    Assignment in Pharmacology

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Assignment in Pharmacology

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    12 views3 pages

    Amoxicillin Drug Study

    Uploaded by

    Ed King Cubalan
    Assignment in Pharmacology

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Amoxicillin Drug Study

    Generic Name:

    Amoxicillin

    Brand Names:

    Amoxil, Trimox, Moxatag

    Drug Classification:

     Antibiotic

     Beta-lactam antibiotic

     Aminopenicillin

    Mechanism of Action:

    Amoxicillin works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins
    (PBPs) within the bacterial cell wall, which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan
    synthesis in bacterial cell walls, leading to cell lysis and death.

    Indications:

    Amoxicillin is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including:

     Upper respiratory tract infections (e.g., pharyngitis, tonsillitis)

     Lower respiratory tract infections (e.g., bronchitis, pneumonia)

     Otitis media (middle ear infections)

     Sinusitis

     Skin and soft tissue infections

     Urinary tract infections

     Helicobacter pylori infection (part of combination therapy)

    Dosage and Administration:

    Adults:

     Typical dosage ranges from 250 mg to 500 mg every 8 hours, or 500 mg to 875 mg every 12
    hours, depending on the severity and type of infection.

     For more severe infections, the dosage may be increased to 875 mg every 12 hours.

    Pediatrics:

     Dosage is typically 20-40 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours, or 25-45 mg/kg/day in
    divided doses every 12 hours.
     For more severe infections, the dosage may be increased.

    Pharmacokinetics:

     Absorption: Amoxicillin is well-absorbed after oral administration.

     Distribution: Widely distributed in body tissues and fluids. Crosses the placenta and is excreted
    in breast milk.

     Metabolism: Partially metabolized in the liver.

     Excretion: Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. The half-life is approximately 1-1.5 hours.

    Side Effects:

    Common side effects may include:

     Nausea

     Vomiting

     Diarrhea

     Rash

     Headache

    Serious side effects, though rare, may include:

     Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)

     Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea

     Stevens-Johnson syndrome

     Hepatic dysfunction

     Hemolytic anemia

    Contraindications:

     Known allergy to amoxicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins)

    Precautions:

     Use with caution in patients with a history of allergies, asthma, hay fever, or urticaria.

     Patients with renal impairment may require dosage adjustments.

     Use with caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis.

     Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, including fungi.

    Interactions:

     Probenecid: May increase the serum concentration of amoxicillin.


     Oral contraceptives: Amoxicillin may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

     Anticoagulants: May increase the risk of bleeding.

     Methotrexate: Amoxicillin may decrease the clearance of methotrexate, increasing the risk of
    toxicity.

    Monitoring:

     Monitor for signs of an allergic reaction, particularly after the first dose.

     Renal function tests in patients with renal impairment.

     Periodic assessment of organ system functions, including renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic,
    during prolonged therapy.

    Patient Education:

     Take amoxicillin exactly as prescribed, even if you feel better before completing the course.

     Amoxicillin can be taken with or without food. Taking it with food may reduce stomach upset.

     Inform your healthcare provider of any other medications you are taking, including over-the-
    counter drugs and supplements.

     Report any severe or persistent side effects to your healthcare provider promptly.

    Conclusion:

    Amoxicillin is a widely used antibiotic effective against a variety of bacterial infections. It is generally
    well-tolerated, but patients should be aware of potential side effects and interactions with other
    medications. Adherence to prescribed dosage and duration is essential to ensure the effectiveness of the
    treatment and prevent antibiotic resistance.

    You might also like