English Version Basic Life Support

Siloam Hospitals Group
Siloam Resuscitation Team 2011

Reference
 Instructor Guidelines 2010 from Health and Safety
Institute (HSI)
 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency
Cardiovascular Care
 Pediatric Basic Life Support: 2010 American Heart
Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care
Definition
 Basic Life Support(BLS) – Basic Life Support is a series
of actions that are part of the management
of early cases of medical emergencies
General Purpose
Enhance the viability (survival rate) patient or victim
Special Purpose
1. Assess the response and the patient or the victim
quickly and precisely
2. Activate EMS immediately
3. Perform resuscitation measures ranging from
chest compression, airway open and clear to
provide a proper breath support
4. Perform defibrillation quickly and precisely in
accordance with the indications
5. Post-cardiac arrest in an integrated
Heart & Lung Anatomy
CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
Chain of Survival
2010 Guidelines
“These actions are termed the links in the ‘Chain of
Survival.’ For adults they include:
• Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and
activation of the emergency response system
• Early CPR that emphasizes chest compressions
• Rapid defibrillation if indicated
• Effective advanced life support
• Integrated post– cardiac arrest care.”
(Travers, et al. Circulation. 2010;122;S676-S684)

Preliminary Assessment
 Response and respiratory values
If no response, "gasping" or not breathing 
activation of EMS
Feel the pulse (carotid a.) - only for health workers
When the pulse is palpable open and clear
airway (airway) and respiratory give 1x every 5-
6seconds (Breathing). Recheck the
pulse every 2minutes
When the pulse was not
palpable do CPR(Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation)

Value and Respiratory Response
 By calling and pat
"Quick Look"
AHA 2010 look (see), listen
(listen) and feel(feeling) is not
performed to assess respiratory
No response, "gasping" or is not
breathing  EMS CPR
Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation
 No response, "gasping" or is not
breathing  EMS CPR: C A B
Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation performed chest
compressions 30 x (Circulation), followed by
opening and clearing airway (Airway) then gives2x
help breathing (Breathing)
After that the cycle 30:2 is continued up to 5 times
the cycle
Double-check breathing and pulse after 5 cycles
Approach safely
Check response and breathing
Shout for help
30 chest compressions
Open airway
Breathing
30 chest compressions : 2
ventilaton
 Chest compression speed
At least 100 times / minute for both children and
adults
Depth of chest compression
Adults: minimum of 2 inches / 5 cm
Children: at least 1/3 AP diameter of the chest
cavity (5cm). Baby: at least 4 cm.
"Push hard and push fast"
Let the chest fully extended back before the next
compression
 The position of the hand:
One hand (the wrist base) placed in the middle of the
chest cavity (the middle bottom of the
breastbone) and a parallel laid hands on it
Mid-line between the nipples no longer be a
reliable benchmark
 For hospitals, emphasized the need for a team
that already has the role of each so that necessary
action can be done simultaneously
Team members have the competence to provide basic
life support
Chest Compression
Place the base of the wrist in
the middle of the sternum
Place the palm of the other
interlock fingers
Perform chest compressions
Speed of at least 100 times
/ minute
Minimum depth of 5 cm
Make sure the chest re-
expand fully before the
next compression
Agonal Breathing
 Arise immediately after cardiac arrest. It was up to 40%
in cardiac arrest
Breathing heavily, breathing - breath (gasping)
Known as a sign of cardiac arrest
Agonal breathing considered if the victim is not
breathing
A (AIRWAY) – Open and clear airway
Check the airway Finger Sweep
Open the airway with 2 way :

1. Head tilt chin lift
2. Jaw thrust
B (BREATHING)
Give 2 x aid breathing
1 x respiratory assistance given within 1
second 1 second stop give a
second breath of relief
Breathing
 Provide breathing assistance can be done in
various ways:
Relief from mouth to mouth breathing
Help breathing by using the containment
Breathing
 Relief from mouth to mouth breathing is done by
opening the victim's airway and nostrils shut the
mouth of the victim by covering the entire mouth of
the victim helper
Note the victim's chest should expand each time
the aid was given breath
Breathing
 Help breathing by using bagging-containment
requires skill. Airway is maintained by raising the
lower jaw, press the lid to the face of victims with
and strong enough to squeeze the air pumped by
bagging
Note the victim's chest should expand each time
the aid was given breath
BCLS
 Circulation
 Airway
 Breathing
The victim is still conscious
HEIMLICH MANUEVER
(If necessary)
In the unconscious victim
How to:
Apply pressure below
the xiphoid process
Pressure angle of 45
degrees
Perform 5 times the
beat
children aged 1-8 years to lay helper,
or the age of 1 -teenage for trained people
Definision
 child victims by age 1-8 years to lay helper, or the age
of 1 yr s / d for adolescent health
infant victims aged <1 year, but more than 28
days (neonates)
 Basically the basic life support for children and infants
using the same circuit with an adult
resuscitation, namely C A B
The pulse also only be done by health workers, the
difference with adults:
Checking the pulse on a.brachialis for babies
Examination of carotid arteries in a.femoralis or
for children
If pulse <60x/minute do chest compression
Chest Compression
 If the victim does
not respond or did gasping  immediate chest com
pression (Circulation)
For infants chest compression using two pieces
of finger that is placed just below the middle line
between the two nipples. Compression is done by a
depth of 1/3 or 4 cm chest
For child with chest compression bottom of the
wrist (can be 1 or 2 hands) at the center of the
chest to a depth of 1/3 AP diameter or 5 cm
Chest compression
 Do not press the xiphoid or the ribs
 Do a minimal compression 100x/minute with a
minimum depth of 5 cm for the child and at least
4cm for infants
 Push hard and push fast remains valid
 Make sure the chest fully extended before the next
compression
 The ratio of chest compressions for children and
infants:
 1 Helper ->30:2
 2 Helpers ->15:2
Respiratory assistance
 Assisted respiration in infants can be done through
word of mouth or mouth to nose
While doing mouth to aid breathing through the
nose, make sure the victim's mouth is closed; vice
versa if assistance is given breath through the
mouth to mouth
Assisted respiration in children is done through word
of mouth
 Breathing assistance can also be done by using
bagging-containment
Road blockages Breath
1. In part: do not let children cough and observations
Total: in children: do abdominal thrust until the
blockage is resolved or the victim unconscious
In infants: 5 times back blows followed by chest
compression 5 times
Children less than one year should not abdominal
thrust
Foreign objects should only be taken if the visible

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Siloam Hospitals Group

Siloam Resuscitation Team 2011

(Travers, et al. Circulation. 2010;122;S676-S684)

Check response and breathing

Shout for help

Check the airway Finger Sweep

Open the airway with 2 way :

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