292 Engineering Mathematics

But only z = 0 lies inside the unit circle ‘C’

Practice Questions
Here z = 0 is a pole of order ‘2’

1 d  1  Analytic Function
Lt  z  0 
2
 R1  
2  1! z0  dz  z  sin( z) 
01. The function w = f(z) = (x + e–x sin y–4) +
1  d  z  i(y+e–x cos y) is
 Lt   
1 z 0
 dz  sin z  (a) Differentiable at origin (0,0)
 sin( z)  z cos z  (b) Analytic at origin (0, 0)
 Lt 
z 0
 sin z 2  (c) Analytic every where
By L Hospital Rule (d) Nowhere analytic
 cos(z)  (z sin z  cos z) 
 Lt   02. The function f(z) = xz is
z0
 sin(2z) 
(a) Differentiable at origin (0, 0)
 z cos(z)  sin z 
 Lt  0 (b) Analytic at origin (0, 0)
z 0
 2 cos2z  
(c) Differentiable at (1, –2)
Hence, by cauchy’s residue theorem,
(d) Analytic at every point
1
we have  dz  2i(R 1 )  2i(0)  0
C
z sin( z )
03. The function w = f(z) = z is
 Option (c) is correct.
(a) Differentiable only at (1, –3)
(b) Differentiable only at (0, 3)
(c) Differentiable only at (0, 0)
(d) Nowhere differentiable and analytic

04. The complex functions f(z) = u(x, y) +

i v(x, y) and f (z) = u(x, y) – i v(x,y) are
both analytic in a given domain. Choose the
correct option(s) from the following.
u v u v
(a)  0 (b)  0
x y y x
df (z) df (z)
(c) 0 (d) 0
dz dz

(GATE-24)
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 293 Complex Variables

05. Which of the following complex function 10. If u = r2 cos (2) is a harmonic function in
is/are analytic on the complex plane? the analytic function f(z) = u + iv then the
(a) f(z) = z2 z (b) f(z) = Im(z) harmonic conjugate function v(r, ) of u(r,
|z|
(c) f(z) = e (d) f(z) = jRe(z) ) is
(GATE-24) (a) v = r sin (2) + k (b) v = r cos (2) + k
(c) v = r2 sin (2) + k (d) v = 2rsin(2) + k
06. Find the values of c1 and c2 such that the
function f(z) = (x2 + c1 y2 – 2xy) + i(c2 x2 – 11. If v = y3 + 2y – 3x2 y is an imaginary part of
y2 + 2xy) is analytic. analytic function f(z) = u +iv, where z =x+iy
(a) c1 = 4 and c2 = –1 is a complex variable, then

(b) c1 = – 1 and c2 = 1 (a) u = 2x – x3 + 3x y2 + k is a real part of

analytic function f(z)
(c) c1 = – 1 and c2 = 4
(b) u = 3x – x3 + 3x2y + k is a real part of
(d) c1 = –4 and c2 = 2
analytic function f(z)
(c) The analytic function f(z) is f(z) = 2z –
07. The value of k that makes the complex z3 + c
valued function f(z) = e–kx [cos(2y) – i sin
(d) The analytic function f(z) is f(z) = 2iz +
(2y)] analytic, where z = x + iy, is ______
z3 + c
(answer integer) (GATE - 2023)

12. Let f(z) be an analytic function, where z =

08. The real part of any analytic function f(z), x+iy. If the real part of f(z) is cosh x cos y,
where z = x + jy, is given by e–y cos (x). The and the imaginary part of f(z) is zero for y =
imaginary part of f(z) is______ (GATE-14) 0, then f(z) is
(a) ey cos (x) (b) e–y sin(x) (a) cosh z cos y (b) cosh z
(c) –ey sin(x) (d) –e–y sin(x) (c) cosh x exp(iy) (d) cosh z exp z

09. An analytic function of a complex variable Complex Integration

z = x + iy (i = – 1 ) is defined as f(z) = (x2
13. If f(z) = y – x – 3ix2 then the value of the
– y2) + i (x,y), where (x,y) is a real
function. The value of the imaginary part of integral  f z  dz,
c
where c is a line segment
f(z) at z = 1 + i is ____ round off to 2
from origin to 1 + i is ____
decimal places). (GATE–2020)
(a) 1– i (b) 1 + i
(c) i (d) – i
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 294 Engineering Mathematics

 z dz along counterclockwise direction, the value of the

2
14. The value of the integral a
c dz
counter integral  2 is (GATE-21)
z z  4 
2
curve y = x from (0, 0) to 1 + i is ___ C

i –1 2i – 1 j  j
(a) (b) (a) (b)
3 3 16 8
(c) 0 (d) 2 + i j
(c) 0 (d)
2
15. If c is a closed path in the complex plane
then  e – z dz is _________
2

20. A simple closed path C in the complex plane

c
2z
is shown in the figure. If C z 2 – 1 dz  –iA ,
z 2  cosz  where i2 = –1, then the value of A
16. The value of c z – 43 z  2 dz along a is___(Rounded off to two decimal places).
curve ‘c’, where c is |z–2|=1, is ____ Im(z)

c
17. C is a closed path in the z-plane given by
|z|=3. The value of the integral Re(z)
(–1,0) (0,0) (1,0)
z2 – z  4j
c z  2 j dz is
(a) –4π(1 + 2j) (b) 2π(3–2j)
(GATE-2022)
(c) –4π(3+2j) (d) 4π(1 – 2j)
(GATE-2014)
21. Let z be a complex variable. If
sin z 
f z   2 and C is the circle in the
1 z z – 2
18. The value of z e dz, where c is 9x2 + 4y2
 f z dz
2 z
c
complex plane with |z| = 3 then is
= 1, is____ c

_______.
(a) 2πi (b) 0
1 
(c) –2πi (d) πi (a) j –   (b) 2j
2 
1 
(c) 2j (d) j   
19. Let (–1 –j), (3 – j), (3 + j) and (–1 + j) be the 2 
vertices of a rectangle C in the complex
plane. Assuming that C is traversed in
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 295 Complex Variables

22. An integral I over a counter clock-wise 25. The Taylor series expansion of f(z) = log(z)

circle ‘C’ is given by I  

z 2
– 1 ez  
dz
in the region |z–1|<1 is----.
C
z2 1 z – 1 z – 1 z – 1
2 3 4
(a) (z–1)–  –  ...
If C is defined as |z| = 3 then the value of I is 2 3 4

z – 1  z – 1 z – 13  z – 14  ....

___ 2
(b) 
(a) –πi sin(1) (b) –2πi sin(1) 2 3 4
(c) –3πi sin (1) (d) – 4πi sin (1) 
(c) – z – 1 
z – 1 z – 1 z – 1
2

3

4

 ...
(GATE-17)  3 3 4 

Taylor and Laurent Series (d)

z – 1 – z – 12  z – 13 – z – 14  ...
1! 2! 3! 4!

1
23. f(z) = , when expanded as a power
1– z 26. In the Taylor series expansion of sinz around
series around z = 2, would result in z = 0, the coefficient of the term z3 is
 (a) 0 (b) 1/3
 a z – 2 , with
k
f(z) = the region of
k 0
k
(c) 1/6 (d) 1/3
convergence (R.O.C) |z –2|<1.
The coefficient ak, k ≥ 0 are given by the 27. In the Laurent series expansion of
expression (GATE-2023) 1
f (z)  valid in the region
(a) (–1)k (b) (–1)K+1 z – 1z – 2
k k 1
1  –1 1<|z|<2, the coefficient of is
(c)   (d)   z2
2  2 
1
(a) 0 (b)
2
1
3
24. If f(z) = z e then z
(c) 1 (d) –1
(a) z = 0 is a singular point of f(z) [ESC-2018]
(b) the Laurent series expansion of f(z)
z 1 11 1 1
is f (z)  z 3  z 2      .....
2 3! 4! z 5! z 2
1 1
(c) the coefficient of 2
is
z 24
1 
(d) the coefficient of is
z 24
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 296 Engineering Mathematics

Residues 1 – e 2z
32. What is the residue of the function at
z4
its pole? [ESE-2018]
z3
28. The residue of f z   at
z – 14 z – 2z – 3 (a)
4
(b)
–4
3 3
z = 3 is
–2 2
101 (c) (d)
(a) –8 (b) 3 3
16
27
(c) 0 (d) sin z 
16 33. The residue of f(z) = is____
z
[ESE-2017]

34. The residue of z.e7/z is ____

z  
2
29. If the residue of f z   at z = 1 (a) –1 (b) 3
z – 12 z  2
49
5 (c) (d) 49
is then 2
9
(a) z = 1 is a pole of order 2
35. Let z = x+iy be a complex variable consider
(b) z = – 2 is a pole of order 1 that contour integration is performed along
(c) α = 1 & ß = 0 the unit circle in anti clockwise direction.
(d) α = 0 & ß = 1 Which of the following statement (s) is/are
true?
z 1
z  cosz  (a) The residue of 2
at z = 1 is
30. The residue of f(z) = is ___ z –1 2
 
z – 
 z dz  0
2
 2 (b)
c


(a) π (b) 1 1
2i c z
2 (c) dz  1
–
(c) 0 (d)
2 (d) z (complex conjugate of z) is an
analytic function

ez
31. The residue of f z   at z = 0 is
sin z 

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 297 Complex Variables

1 38. The R.O.C of the series Σ(3+4i)n zn is

36. The contour integral e
c
z
dz with ‘c’ as the

counter clock-wise unit circle in the z-plane nd 

is equal to (GATE–2011) 39. Consider the following series  n

n 1 c

(a) 0 (b)  For which of the following combinations of

(c) 2 – 1 (d) α c,d values does this series converge.
(a) c = 1, d = –1
Sequence and Series (Only for EC) (b) c = 2, d = 1
(c) c = 0.5, d = – 10

z  2n –1 (d) c = 1, d = – 2
37. If 
n 1 n  1 .4
3 n
then
(GATE -2022)

(a) Radius of convergence is 4

1
(b) Radius of convergence is
4
(c) The region of convergence is |z + 2|<4
1
(d) Radius of convergence is |z+2|<
4

Key for Practice Questions

01. (a,b,c) 02. (a) 03. (d) 04. (a,c) 05. (a) 06. (b) 07. (2) 08. (b)

09. (2) 10. (c) 11. (a,c) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (0) 16. (0)

17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (0.5) 21. (b) 22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (a,b,d)

25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (d) 29. (a,b,c) 30. (b) 31. (1)

32. (b) 33. (0) 34. (c) 35. (a,b,c) 36. (c) 37. (a, b) 38. (0.2)

39. (b,d)

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