One and Only Lina K

FRANCIS BACON
Father of Empiricism
Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St

Alban 1st Lord Verulam, 22
January 1561 – 9 April 1626) was
an English philosopher and
statesman who served as
Attorney General and Lord
Chancellor of England under King
James.
Francis Bakon
Francis Bacon is most famous for his
philosophy of science. He argued that
scientific knowledge is obtained after
making observations and then utilizing
inductive reasoning to interpret the
observations. Bacon also argued that
controlled scientific experimentation is
essential for understanding nature.
Principle of Francis Bacon :
Bacon is committed to the view that human beings

and society are as well fitted for inductive, and, in
20th-century terms, scientific study as the natural
world. Yet he depicts human and social studies as
the field of nothing more refined than common
sense. Bacon introduced inductive
methodology—testing and refining hypotheses by
observing, measuring, and experimenting.
Bacon’s Scientific Methodology
● The scientist must start with a set of unprejudiced

observations.
● These observations lead infallibly to correct
generalizations or axioms.
● the test of a correct axiom is that it leads to new
discoveries.
Inductive Reasoning
The method involves the inference of general laws or

principles from particular instances observed under
controlled conditions
● Eg : Experiments
● Deductive reasoning by Aristotle
● Eg : All humans are mortal. Socrates was human.
Therefore, Socrates was mortal.
Diﬀerence between Inductive & Deductive Reasoning
Notable Works :
● The New Atlantis.

● Essays.
● Theological Tracts.
● Masculine Birth of Time.
● Touching a Holy War.
And the list goes on…….
Essay’s of Bacon
Francis Bacon is known as the father of essay
due to his groundbreaking work in establishing
and popularizing the essay as a literary genre in
English.His Essays include individual to societal
issues and from commonplace to
existential.Another important aspect of the
appeal of Bacon's essays are that they weigh
the argument at hand with multiple points of
view.They are written in an impersonal and
aphoristic style.
Major Essay’s
● Of Truth (1625)
● Of Death (1612)
● Of Revenge (1625)
● Of Adversity (1625)
● Of Unity in Religion
● Of Parents and Children
● Of Marriage and Single Life
● Of Simulation and Dissimulation
Now lets dig deep into
some of the works….
Of Death - 1612
In his essay "Of Death," Francis Bacon claims

that the fear of death is both childish and
irrational. It is perfectly right and proper to
contemplate death from a religious standpoint,
as its being the wages of sin, for example, but
to fear death is a sign of weakness.
Of Truth - 1625
Francis Bacon's essay "OF TRUTH" discusses
the nature of truth and why people dislike it.
Bacon observes that people prefer lies and
illusions over truth because truth is difficult
to acquire and limits freedom. He notes
poetic untruths are less harmful than other
lies.
Of Revenge - 1625
In his essay 'Of Revenge,' Bacon argues that

revenge is a natural desire which can be
understood and controlled, but cannot be
extinguished. Our vengeful desires are based
upon our self-love, which also serves as the
basis for our longings for justice.
Of Adversity- 1625
Francis Bacon analyzes the virtues of adversity

and prosperity in three sentences: Prosperity
cultivates temperance as its virtue while
adversity cultivates the more heroic virtue of
fortitude.. Francis Bacon's main arguments in
"Of Adversity" emphasize the value and moral
superiority of adversity over prosperity
Of Marriage and Single life
In “Of Marriage and Single Life”, Bacon has

compared and contrasted the life of a married
man with that of a single man, drawing a
contrast between the two by highligting he
merits and demerits of the institution of
marriage as it prevailed in the society
Of Love
In his essay “Of Love”, Francis Bacon delineates

the coherent understanding of love as it is
observed in the real world and how society
reflects its inherent value systems in the
ever-changing idea of love, which finds new
definitions in varying times and periods of
evolving mankind.
Of Friendship
Francis Bacon's essay "Of Friendship"

celebrates the intimacy between friends who
support each other through both good and bad
times without jealousy or doubt. Bacon
differentiates between kinship and crowds,
noting benefits of small cities over large. He
argues that true friendship requires passion
and feeling.
Of Studies
Bacon's essay expresses several comments in

"Of Studies" that can be interpreted as the
following: Studying is helpful for better
understanding and provides knowledge that
develops experience, as well as a character that
grows. Reading provides delight and fun,
ornament and showing off, and the ability to
succeed.
Of Nature in men
Nature is often hidden; sometimes overcome;

seldom extinguished. Force, maketh nature more
violent in the return; doctrine and discourse, maketh
nature less importune; but custom only doth alter
and subdue nature.
Of Travel
The main theme of “Of Travel” by Francis

Bacon is that knowledge of the place to which
one is traveling is a basic prerequisite before
setting out. Otherwise, the traveler, especially
the young traveler, will not derive much benefit
from his journey.
Of Empire
Francis Bacon's “Of Empire” depicts the mental

life of a monarch, from the inside. It's an essay
written from the perspective of a man who had
himself risen to very “great place” before
falling
Of Riches
Bacon means to say that riches got by service,

though that service may have been of the
highest price, is yet often the worst, as when a
man grows rich at the sacrifice of his honor or
his conscience.
Of Great place
“Of Great Place” is about politics and current

events in the world. In this essay, Bacon shows
how to get into a position of high authority and
gives advice on how to act once you are there.
He also points out some of the bad things about
being in power
Of Gardens
Bacon's description of the ideal garden

found in this essay was based upon those he
had experienced himself and upon the designs
he had implemented at his country houses in
Twickenham and Gorhambury. In designing and
experimenting with his own gardens, he was
reflecting on his radical scientific thoughts
Of Ambition
Bacon deals with the topic purely on political

merits and demerits. He mentions the various
position on which ambitiousness is highly
required. These include a post of a soldier, a
post of security guard etc. on such posts, an
ordinary person cannot survive as requires a
life-threatening risk.
Of Envy
Bacon then describes the types of people who are

jealous of others, those who become the objects of
jealousy, and the distinction between public and
private jealousy. Envy is portrayed as an unworthy
passion. No one feels envy when a guy of
extraordinary talent or virtue achieves promotion
and development in life.
Bacon states that when we come to understand
parts of nature, we can eventually understand
nature better as a whole because of induction.
Because of this, Bacon concludes that all
learning and knowledge must be drawn from
inductive reasoning.
"scientia potentia est"
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FRANCIS BACON

Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St

Bacon is committed to the view that human beings

● The scientist must start with a set of unprejudiced

The method involves the inference of general laws or

● The New Atlantis.

In his essay "Of Death," Francis Bacon claims

In his essay 'Of Revenge,' Bacon argues that

Francis Bacon analyzes the virtues of adversity

In “Of Marriage and Single Life”, Bacon has

In his essay “Of Love”, Francis Bacon delineates

Francis Bacon's essay "Of Friendship"

Bacon's essay expresses several comments in

Nature is often hidden; sometimes overcome;

The main theme of “Of Travel” by Francis

Francis Bacon's “Of Empire” depicts the mental

Bacon means to say that riches got by service,

“Of Great Place” is about politics and current

Bacon's description of the ideal garden

Bacon deals with the topic purely on political

Bacon then describes the types of people who are

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