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1 year experience interview questions on APEX salesforce - gIVE ME 30 QUESTIONS

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Sure! Here are 30 interview questions for someone with 1 year of experience in Salesforce Apex:

1. What is Salesforce Apex, and how does it differ from other programming languages?
2. Explain the concept of Governor Limits in Salesforce Apex.
3. How do you handle exceptions in Apex?
4. What are triggers in Salesforce, and when would you use them?
5. Describe the different types of triggers in Salesforce.
6. What is the difference between Trigger.New and Trigger.Old?
7. How do you avoid hitting Governor Limits in your code?
8. What is a SOQL query, and how is it used in Apex?
9. Explain the difference between SOQL and SOSL.
10. What are the different types of collections in Apex?
11. How do you perform DML operations in Apex?
12. What is a wrapper class, and when would you use it?
13. Describe the use of the @future annotation in Apex.
14. What is batch Apex, and how does it work?
15. Explain the purpose of the Database.Batchable interface.
16. How do you test Apex code in Salesforce?
17. What are the best practices for writing test classes in Apex?
18. What is the difference between System.assert and System.assertEquals?
19. How do you handle bulk data processing in Apex?
20. What is the purpose of the Database.QueryLocator?
21. Explain the concept of asynchronous Apex.
22. What are the different types of asynchronous Apex?
23. How do you call an external web service from Apex?
24. What is the HttpRequest and HttpResponse class in Apex?
25. Describe the use of custom settings in Salesforce.
26. What is the difference between List and Set in Apex?
27. How do you use the Map class in Apex?
28. Explain the concept of sharing rules in Salesforce.
29. What is the Schema class, and how is it used in Apex?
30. How do you optimize Apex code for performance?

These questions cover a range of topics from basic concepts to more advanced features of Salesforce Apex. Good
luck with your interview preparation! If you need detailed explanations or answers to any of these questions, feel free
to ask.

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ADD MORE 20 QUESTIONS ON THIS LIST WITH ANSWERS FOR ALL QUESTIONS ONE BY ONE

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Sure! Here are 20 more interview questions for someone with 1 year of experience in Salesforce Apex, along with
answers for all 50 questions:

Additional 20 Questions
1. What is the difference between before and after triggers?

Answer: Before triggers are used to update or validate record values before they are saved to the database.
After triggers are used to access field values that are set by the system (such as a record’s Id or
LastModifiedDate field) and to affect changes in other records.

1. How do you use the @InvocableMethod annotation in Apex?

Answer: The @InvocableMethod annotation is used to define methods that can be called from a Flow or
Process Builder. It allows for the creation of reusable code that can be invoked declaratively.

1. What is the Database.SaveResult class used for?

Answer: The Database.SaveResult class is used to handle the results of DML operations. It provides
information about whether the operation was successful and any errors that occurred.

1. Explain the concept of custom metadata types in Salesforce.

Answer: Custom metadata types are similar to custom settings but are more powerful. They allow you to create
your own metadata types and records that can be deployed and packaged. They are used to define application
configurations that can be reused across multiple environments.

1. What is the purpose of the @TestSetup annotation in Apex test classes?

Answer: The @TestSetup annotation is used to create common test data that is shared across multiple test
methods within a test class. It helps to reduce code duplication and improve test performance.

1. How do you use the Schema.DescribeSObjectResult class in Apex?

Answer: The Schema.DescribeSObjectResult class provides metadata information about an sObject, such as
its fields, record types, and child relationships. It is used to dynamically access sObject metadata in Apex.

1. What is the difference between public and global access modifiers in Apex?

Answer: The public access modifier allows a class or method to be accessible within the same namespace.
The global access modifier allows a class or method to be accessible across different namespaces, including
managed packages.

1. How do you use the Database.rollback method in Apex?

Answer: The Database.rollback method is used to undo all changes made during the current transaction. It is
typically used in conjunction with savepoints to manage complex transactions and ensure data integrity.

1. What is the Continuation class in Apex, and when would you use it?

Answer: The Continuation class is used to make long-running callouts from Visualforce pages. It allows the
page to continue processing while waiting for the callout response, improving user experience.

1. Explain the concept of dynamic Apex.

Answer: Dynamic Apex refers to the ability to write Apex code that can dynamically access and manipulate
sObject fields and records at runtime. It is achieved using the Schema class and dynamic SOQL queries.

1. What is the @ReadOnly annotation in Apex?

Answer: The @ReadOnly annotation is used to mark a method as read-only, which allows it to bypass certain
governor limits, such as the number of rows returned by a query. It is typically used in Visualforce controllers.

1. How do you use the Database.executeBatch method in Apex?

 Answer: The Database.executeBatch method is used to execute a batch Apex job. It takes an instance of a
class that implements the Database.Batchable interface and an optional batch size as parameters.

1. What is the @isTest annotation in Apex?

Answer: The @isTest annotation is used to define a class or method as a test class or test method. It ensures
that the code is only executed during test runs and is excluded from production deployments.

1. Explain the concept of custom labels in Salesforce.

Answer: Custom labels are used to store text values that can be translated into different languages. They are
typically used to display user-facing messages and labels in Visualforce pages, Lightning components, and Apex
code.

1. What is the Database.Stateful interface in Apex?

Answer: The Database.Stateful interface is used in batch Apex to maintain state across multiple transactions.
It allows you to preserve instance variables between batch executions.

1. How do you use the System.runAs method in Apex?

Answer: The System.runAs method is used to execute code in the context of a different user. It is typically used
in test classes to simulate different user profiles and permissions.

1. What is the @AuraEnabled annotation in Apex?

Answer: The @AuraEnabled annotation is used to expose Apex methods to Lightning components. It allows you
to call Apex methods from Lightning components and pass data between the client and server.

1. Explain the concept of custom exceptions in Apex.

Answer: Custom exceptions are user-defined exception classes that extend the Exception class. They are used
to handle specific error conditions in a more meaningful way and provide custom error messages.

1. How do you use the Database.query method in Apex?

Answer: The Database.query method is used to execute a dynamic SOQL query. It takes a string containing
the SOQL query as a parameter and returns a list of sObjects.

1. What is the @deprecated annotation in Apex?

Answer: The @deprecated annotation is used to mark a method or class as deprecated, indicating that it should
no longer be used. It helps to communicate to developers that the code may be removed in future releases.

Answers for All Questions

1. What is Salesforce Apex, and how does it differ from other programming languages?

Answer: Salesforce Apex is a strongly-typed, object-oriented programming language that allows

developers to execute flow and transaction control statements on the Salesforce platform. It is similar to
Java and C# but is specifically designed for Salesforce’s multi-tenant environment.

2. Explain the concept of Governor Limits in Salesforce Apex.

Answer: Governor Limits are runtime limits enforced by the Salesforce platform to ensure efficient use of
resources and prevent any single tenant from monopolizing shared resources. These limits include
restrictions on the number of SOQL queries, DML statements, and CPU time.

3. How do you handle exceptions in Apex?

 Answer: Exceptions in Apex are handled using try-catch blocks. You can catch specific exceptions or
use a generic Exception class to catch all exceptions. The finally block can be used to execute code
regardless of whether an exception is thrown.

4. What are triggers in Salesforce, and when would you use them?

Answer: Triggers are pieces of Apex code that execute before or after specific database events, such as
insert, update, delete, or undelete. They are used to perform custom actions when records are
manipulated.

5. Describe the different types of triggers in Salesforce.

Answer: There are two types of triggers: before triggers, which execute before a record is saved to the
database, and after triggers, which execute after a record has been saved.

6. What is the difference between Trigger.New and Trigger.Old?

Answer: Trigger.New is a list of new records that are being inserted or updated, while Trigger.Old is a
list of old records that are being updated or deleted.

7. How do you avoid hitting Governor Limits in your code?

Answer: To avoid hitting Governor Limits, you can use bulk processing, optimize SOQL queries, use
collections to store data, and leverage asynchronous processing methods like batch Apex and future
methods.

8. What is a SOQL query, and how is it used in Apex?

Answer: SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language) is used to query data from Salesforce objects. It is
similar to SQL but is specifically designed for Salesforce data. SOQL queries are used in Apex to retrieve
data from the database.

9. Explain the difference between SOQL and SOSL.

Answer: SOQL is used to query records from a single object or multiple objects that are related to each
other. SOSL (Salesforce Object Search Language) is used to search for records across multiple objects
and fields.

10. What are the different types of collections in Apex?

Answer: The different types of collections in Apex are Lists, Sets, and Maps. Lists are ordered
collections of elements, Sets are unordered collections of unique elements, and Maps are collections of
key-value pairs.

11. How do you perform DML operations in Apex?

Answer: DML (Data Manipulation Language) operations in Apex are performed using methods like
insert, update, delete, undelete, and upsert. These methods are used to manipulate records in the
database.

12. What is a wrapper class, and when would you use it?

Answer: A wrapper class is a custom class that contains multiple objects or collections. It is used to
group related data together and is often used in Visualforce pages to display complex data structures.

13. Describe the use of the @future annotation in Apex.

Answer: The @future annotation is used to define methods that run asynchronously.

You
COMPLETE THE ANSWERS FOR PENDING QUESTIONS

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Sure, let’s continue with the answers for the remaining questions:

1. What is batch Apex, and how does it work?

Answer: Batch Apex is used to process large volumes of data asynchronously. It allows you to break
down the processing into manageable chunks. A class implementing the Database.Batchable interface is
used, and the start, execute, and finish methods are defined to handle the batch processing.

2. Explain the purpose of the Database.Batchable interface.

Answer: The Database.Batchable interface is used to create batch Apex classes. It defines three
methods: start, which prepares the batch job; execute, which processes each batch of data; and
finish, which performs any final operations after all batches are processed.

3. How do you test Apex code in Salesforce?

Answer: Apex code is tested using test classes and test methods annotated with @isTest. These test
methods create test data, execute the code being tested, and use assertions to verify the expected
outcomes.

4. What are the best practices for writing test classes in Apex?

Answer: Best practices include:

Creating test data within the test class.
Using System.assert statements to verify outcomes.
Covering both positive and negative test scenarios.
Ensuring at least 75% code coverage.
Using the @TestSetup method to create common test data.

5. What is the difference between System.assert and System.assertEquals?

Answer: System.assert checks if a condition is true and throws an exception if it is not.

System.assertEquals checks if two values are equal and throws an exception if they are not.

6. How do you handle bulk data processing in Apex?

Answer: Bulk data processing is handled using bulk-safe coding practices, such as using collections
(Lists, Sets, Maps), avoiding SOQL queries and DML statements inside loops, and using batch Apex for
large data volumes.

7. What is the purpose of the Database.QueryLocator?

Answer: The Database.QueryLocator is used in batch Apex to handle large result sets. It allows the
batch job to process records in chunks, ensuring that governor limits are not exceeded.

8. Explain the concept of asynchronous Apex.

Answer: Asynchronous Apex allows code to run in the background without blocking the main thread. It
is used for long-running operations and includes features like future methods, batch Apex, scheduled
Apex, and queueable Apex.

9. What are the different types of asynchronous Apex?

Answer: The different types of asynchronous Apex are:

Future methods
Batch Apex
 Scheduled Apex
Queueable Apex

10. How do you call an external web service from Apex?

Answer: External web services are called from Apex using the HttpRequest and HttpResponse classes.
You create an HttpRequest object, set the endpoint and method, send the request using an Http object,
and handle the response.

11. What is the HttpRequest and HttpResponse class in Apex?

Answer: The HttpRequest class is used to create and configure HTTP requests, while the HttpResponse
class is used to handle the responses from HTTP requests. They are used together to make callouts to
external web services.

12. Describe the use of custom settings in Salesforce.

Answer: Custom settings are used to store configuration data that can be accessed across the
organization. They can be used to store static data that does not change frequently and can be accessed
in Apex code, formulas, and validation rules.

13. What is the difference between List and Set in Apex?

Answer: A List is an ordered collection of elements that can contain duplicates. A Set is an unordered
collection of unique elements. Lists are used when the order of elements matters, while Sets are used to
ensure uniqueness.

14. How do you use the Map class in Apex?

Answer: The Map class is used to store key-value pairs. It provides methods to add, retrieve, and remove
elements based on their keys. Maps are useful for quickly accessing data based on a unique identifier.

15. Explain the concept of sharing rules in Salesforce.

Answer: Sharing rules are used to extend sharing access to users based on their roles, groups, or
territories. They allow you to grant additional access to records beyond the default organization-wide
sharing settings.

16. What is the Schema class, and how is it used in Apex?

Answer: The Schema class provides methods to describe sObjects and their fields, relationships, and
metadata. It is used to dynamically access and manipulate sObject metadata in Apex code.

17. How do you optimize Apex code for performance?

Answer: To optimize Apex code for performance, you can:

Minimize the number of SOQL queries and DML statements.
Use bulk-safe coding practices.
Use collections to store data.
Avoid complex logic inside loops.
Use caching to store frequently accessed data.

18. What is the difference between before and after triggers?

Answer: Before triggers are used to update or validate record values before they are saved to the
database. After triggers are used to access field values that are set by the system (such as a record’s Id
or LastModifiedDate field) and to affect changes in other records.

19. How do you use the @InvocableMethod annotation in Apex?

 Answer: The @InvocableMethod annotation is used to define methods that can be called from a Flow or
Process Builder. It allows for the creation of reusable code that can be invoked declaratively.

20. What is the Database.SaveResult class used for?

Answer: The Database.SaveResult class is used to handle the results of DML operations. It provides
information about whether the operation was successful and any errors that occurred.

21. Explain the concept of custom metadata types in Salesforce.

Answer: Custom metadata types are similar to custom settings but are more powerful. They allow you to
create your own metadata types and records that can be deployed and packaged. They are used to
define application configurations that can be reused across multiple environments.

22. What is the purpose of the @TestSetup annotation in Apex test classes?

Answer: The @TestSetup annotation is used to create common test data that is shared across multiple
test methods within a test class. It helps to reduce code duplication and improve test performance.

23. How do you use the Schema.DescribeSObjectResult class in Apex?

Answer: The Schema.DescribeSObjectResult class provides metadata information about an sObject,

such as its fields, record types, and child relationships. It is used to dynamically access sObject metadata
in Apex.

24. What is the difference between public and global access modifiers in Apex?

Answer: The public access modifier allows a class or method to be accessible within the same
namespace. The global access modifier allows a class or method to be accessible across different
namespaces, including managed packages.

25. How do you use the Database.rollback method in Apex?

Answer: The Database.rollback method is used to undo all changes made during the current
transaction. It is typically used in conjunction with savepoints to manage complex transactions and ensure
data integrity.

26. What is the Continuation class in Apex, and when would you use it?

Answer: The Continuation class is used to make long-running callouts from Visualforce pages. It allows
the page to continue processing while waiting for the callout response, improving user experience.

27. Explain the concept of dynamic Apex.

Answer: Dynamic Apex refers to the ability to write Apex code that can dynamically access and
manipulate sObject fields and records at runtime. It is achieved using the Schema class and dynamic
SOQL queries.

28. What is the @ReadOnly annotation in Apex?

Answer: The @ReadOnly annotation is used to mark a method as read-only, which allows it to bypass
certain governor limits, such as the number of rows returned by a query. It is typically used in Visualforce
controllers.

29. How do you use the Database.executeBatch method in Apex?

Answer: The Database.executeBatch method is used to execute a batch Apex job. It takes an instance
of a class that implements the Database.Batchable interface and an optional batch size as parameters.

30. What is the @isTest annotation in Apex?

 Answer: The @isTest annotation is used to define a class or method as a test class or test method. It
ensures that the code is only executed during test runs and is excluded from production deployments.

31. Explain the concept of custom labels in Salesforce.

Answer: Custom labels are used to store text values that can be translated into different languages. They
are typically used to display user-facing messages and labels in Visualforce pages, Lightning components,
and Apex code.

32. What is the Database.Stateful interface in Apex?

Answer: The Database.Stateful interface is used in batch Apex to maintain state across multiple
transactions. It allows you to preserve instance variables between batch executions.

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