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SMOKE DETECTOR USING ARDUINO

Article in SSRN Electronic Journal · April 2021

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SMOKE DETECTOR USING ARDUINO
Shiva Karthik P
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science
Warangal, India [email protected]

Abstract- A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke typically as an indicator of fire.
Smoke detector basically works on principle of optical detection or on ionization and for
increased sensitivity for smoke detection both the methods are used .By this smoke detectors
can be used to detect the smokers in public places.However these smoke detectors in large
commercial industrial and residential are usually provided by a central fire alarm system.
smoke detection is done by MQ2 analog gas sensor. This sensor is also used to detect LPG,
i-butane ,propane, methane ,alcohol, hydrogen ,smoke. There by when ever smoke is
detected by this sensor it gives information to arduino,and the programme in the Arduino
runs and gives the information that smoke detected and buzzer buzzes in caution of smoke.
Coming to design of smoke detectors, these are typically housed in a disc shaped plastic
enclosure about 150mm in diameters and 25mm in thick, but shape can vary by manufacturer
or product line.

smoke senor MQ-2 value reaches 200 or

I. INTRODUCTION above it needs to give a buzzer or light as
output.
In our daily life, we come across may
incidents that fire engulfed in industries
II. OVERVIEW i& iBACKGROUND
or in any hospitals. But we don’t focus
much on how this gas or smoke or fire
Here’s the project which describes about
was detected. Here’s the project which
how the smoke is being detected and how it
describes about how the smoke is being
performs operations through logistics
detected and how it performs operations
available in market in a scientific
through logistics available in market in a
procedure.In this project the detection of
scientific procedure.In this project the
gases like smoke, butane , propane, alcohol
detection of gases like smoke, butane ,
can be detected by a sensor named MQ-2
propane, alcohol can be detected by a
gas sensor. When the gas is detected by this
sensor named MQ-2 gas sensor. When the
MQ-2 sensor , its voltage fluctuates and
gas is detected by this MQ-2 sensor , its
when it reaches a value 200 it indicates that
voltage fluctuates and when it reaches a
as gas .So, this need to be programmed in
value 200 it indicates that as gas .So, this
an Arduino uno inorder to experiment
need to be programmed in an Arduino uno
practically , as Arduino uno is used in
inorder to experiment practically , as
various multitasking purposes , we can use
Arduino uno is used in various
it here for detecting smoke and need to give
multitasking purposes , we can use it here
a cautios buzzer or LED blinking that
for detecting smoke and need to give a
smoke is detected . so this Arduino uno is
cautios buzzer or LED blinking that
programmed in such a way that when the. i
smoke is detected . so this Arduino uno is
programmed in such a way that when the
 smoke senor MQ-2 value reaches 200 or
above it needs to give a buzzer or light as
output.
III. TECHNOLOGY iINTERVENTION While the Uno imparts utilizing the
ARDUINO UNO: first STK500 protocol, it contrasts from
The Arduino Uno all former sheets in that it doesn't utilize
is an open-source microcontroller board the FTDI USB-to-chronic driver chip. All
dependent on the Microchip things being equal, it utilizes the
ATmega328P microcontroller and Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to variant
created by Arduino.cc. The board is R2) modified as a USB-to-chronic
furnished with sets of advanced and
converter.
simple info/yield (I/O) sticks that might
be interfaced to different extension sheets
(safeguards) and other circuits. The board
has 14 computerized I/O pins (six fit for
PWM yield), 6 simple I/O sticks, and is
programmable with the Arduino IDE
(Integrated Development Environment),
through a kind B USB cable. It can be
controlled by the USB link or by an
outside 9-volt battery, however it
acknowledges voltages somewhere in the
range of 7 and 20 volts. It is like the
Arduino Nano and Leonardo. The
equipment reference configuration is
Fig. i1. iCircuit idiagram iof ithe iproject
disseminated under a Creative Commons
Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 permit and is
accessible on the Arduino site. Format
and creation documents for certain
renditions of the equipment are
additionally accessible.

"Uno" signifies "one" in Italian and

was picked to stamp the underlying
arrival of Arduino Software. The Uno
board is the first in a progression of USB-
based Arduino boards;it and rendition 1.0
of the Arduino IDE were the reference
variants of Arduino, which have now
advanced to fresher releases. The
ATmega328 on the board comes FIG 2
prearranged with a bootloader that Features of Arduino uno:
permits transferring new code to it  The operating voltage of this
without the utilization of an outside
aduino uno is 5V.
equipment programmer.
 Input voltage ranges from 6V to
20V.
 14 output pins
 6 input pins.
 Memory is 32KB.
 CLK speed is 16Mhz.
 SRAM is 2KB.
 DC current for input or output pin
is 40mA.

FIG 3

SMOKE SENSOR(MQ2): 3.3 BUZZER:

This
sensor is also called as grove gas sensor A buzzer or beeper is
module. This smoke sensor senses a audio signalling device. which
hydrogen, LPG, butane, propane , may be mechanical,
alcohol etc.,. this MQ2 sensor has high electrochemical, or piezoelectric
sensitivity and also fast response time . Typical uses of buzzers and
it gives fast instructions when the smoke beepers include alarms,timers, and
is detected. The sensitive material of the confirmation of user input such as a
selected sensor is SnO2, it has lower mouse click .
conductivity, so when the sensor is Applications of buzzer:
exposed to any smoke , the sensitive 1. alarms
material of smoke detector detects the 2. automobiles
smoke within fraction of seconds. With 3. warning devices
this it is worthy sensor to engage in 4. electrc field
detection of smoke in wide range of
gases. One of the most useful use is that
its cost is less and its affordable to
everyone.
PROPERTIES OF SMOkE
SENSOR:
1. Good sensitivity
2. High sensitivity to gases
3. Long life
 FIG 4

FIG 5

PINS:
POWER SUPPLY:
The pins or connecting
The Arduino Uno
wires (male to female)pins are
can be controlled through the
used in the project to connect
USB association or with an
between smoke sensor and
outer force supply. The force
arduino. And for the connection
source is chosen naturally.
of buzzer to arduino these pins
Outer (non-USB) force can
may be used.these wires allows
come either from an AC-to-DC
current to flow from one region
connector (divider mole) or
i.e. from smoke sensor to
battery. The connector can be
arduino. The wire is made up of
associated by connecting a
copper which is a good
2.1mm focus positive
conductor of electricty and is
attachment to the board's force
insulated with thermoplasyic
jack. Leads from a battery can
material. This gives proyecyion
be embedded in the Gnd and
to the user in working.
Vin pin headers of the POWER
connector.
The board can work on an
outside supply of 6 to 20 volts.
Whenever provided with under
Fig. i3. iPin idiagram iof iNodeMCU
7V, notwithstanding, the 5V pin
iESP8266
may supply under five volts and
the board might be precarious. .i
On the off chance that utilizing
IV. WORKING
more than 12V, the voltage
controller may overheat and Firstly ,let us know about working of
harm the board. The prescribed smoke sensor , how it works, MQ2 is
reach is 7 to 12 volts. a metal oxide semicoductor type gas
sensor also called as chemiresistors.
The force pins are as per the So the detection of smoke is based on
following: change in resistance os sensing
material when the gas is combined
• VIN. The info voltage to with this.sensor is enclosed with two
layers one is clamp ring and another
the Arduino board when it's
is anti explosion network when the
utilizing an outer force source anti explosion network is removed a
(instead of 5 volts from the USB star like connection with six legs is
association or other managed observed inthat two of them are
power source). You can supply responsible for detecting the smoke
voltage through this pin, or, if and remaing four concentrates on
providing voltage by means of producing proper out. Majorly sno2 is
the force jack, access it through the sensing compound which is
this pin. present in MQ2 sensor , in normal
conditions when no smoke is being
detected sno2 absorbs oxygen
• 5V. This pin yields a
molecules from surroundings as it can
directed 5V from the controller pair with oxygen atoms, so current
on the board. The board can be flow could be stooped when this
provided with power either from happen , when the sensor is exposed
the DC power jack (7 - 12V), to any combustible gas the paired
the USB connector (5V), or the oxygen atoms are depaired and it
VIN pin of the board (7-12V). conducts and flow of electrons occur
Providing voltage by means of and current pass through it and
the 5V or 3.3V pins sidesteps voltages are sent to output. And this
the controller, and can harm sensor consists of four pinout one is
Vcc which can be connected to
your board. We don't prompt it.
arduino to 5v output. And another pin
is GND which is ground and it is
• 3V3. A 3.3 volt supply connected to GND in the arduino.
created by the on-board Another pin isAo which provides
controller. Most extreme current output voltage in proportional to the
draw is 50 mA. concentration of smoke. Do
represents the digital representation
• GND. Ground pin of presense of combustible gas.
 Then , the pins of smoke sensor i.e.
A0 connected to A0 port in arduino
and GND from sensor is connected to
GND in arduino and Vcc of sensor is
conneted to 5v in arduino, so when
the combustble gas is detected
around the sensor then the A0 will
give output varying with the
concentration of gas , the power to the
sensor is give by connecting to 5v in
the arduino port and arduino gets
power from USB cable or adapter
provided for that arduino, and ground
pin of sensor is attached to ground
port of arduino and this is the This is the sample circuit
operation of smoke sensor with the connection which is similar to real
arduino , this should be symbolised time application using the arduino
and the output pin we adjusted here is uno.
13 port and buzzer is connected to 13 V. ADVANTAGES
port and ground which gives sound on
detecting the smoke . In this way  Ionization smoke sensors are less
smoke or any combustible gases are expensive, and they detect
detected and a buzzer sound is made fast,flaming fires more readily.
when the sensor detects the smoke.  Photoelectric smoke sensors
detect slow and smoldering fires.
 In industrial sector like automobiles
producing companies smoke and
fire sensors are necessary.
View publication stats

 In household works also it can be REFERENCES

used when smoke or fire breaks.
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combustible gases and it is cost
efficient and life of this sensor is
long,so thus has been a major merit
that it can be used in saving many
lives of people.

So , in the view of
concluding project its main agenda is
to cope up with the moder technology
and saving millions of lives and
brightening with the useful aspect of
this device. It’s a geat device that
performs its own activity efficiently
and importantly saving lives..