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Haider Computer

General conceptual data for everyone

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Muhammad Shahzad
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© © All Rights Reserved
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29 views

Haider Computer

General conceptual data for everyone

Uploaded by

Muhammad Shahzad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer

Task-2:
CPU Fun Facts (Writing Activity)
• Write five facts about the CPU (Central Processing Unit). You can include Information about what it
does, why it is important, and any interesting facts related to CPUs.
1: The Brain of the Computer:
The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is often referred to as the brain of the computer. It’s responsible for
fetching, decoding, and executing instructions that make the computer function. It’s the core component
that handles all calculations, data manipulation, and program execution.
2: Made Up of Smaller Parts:
The CPU itself is a complex integrated circuit (IC) containing billions of transistors. These transistors act as
tiny switches that control the flow of electricity, allowing the CPU to perform calculations and logical
operations.
3: Speed Measured in Gigahertz (GHz):
The speed of a CPU is typically measured in Gigahertz (GHz). This refers to the number of cycles the CPU
can complete in one second. A higher GHz rating generally indicates a faster processor that can handle
more demanding tasks.
4: Multiple Cores for Multitasking:
Modern CPUs often have multiple cores, which essentially act like multiple processors working together.
This allows the CPU to handle multiple tasks simultaneously, improving overall performance for
multitasking and running demanding applications.
5: Evolution over Time:
CPUs have undergone incredible advancements since their invention. Early CPUs were massive and slow,
while modern CPUs are incredibly compact and powerful. They continue to evolve with new architectures
and features to handle increasingly complex tasks.
Task-3
Storing Data (Drawing Activity)
• Draw pictures or create a visual representation of the storage devices.
• Label different components of hard drives, solid-state drives (SSDs), USB flash Drives, and CDs.
• Write a few sentences to explain the working of each storage device.

Labeled Diagrams of Storage Devices:


Working of each Storage Device
Hard Disk Drive (HDD):
A hard disk drive uses rapidly spinning platters coated with magnetic material to store data.
Here’s a breakdown of its components;
Platters:
These are the circular disks made of aluminum or glass coated with a ferromagnetic material. Data is
stored electronically as magnetized spots on the platter’s surface.
Read/Write head:
This is a tiny electromagnet that hovers just above the surface of the platters. It reads data by detecting
the magnetic patterns on the platter and writes data by magnetizing the platter in specific patterns.
Spindle:
The spindle is a motor that spins the platters at high speeds, typically between 5,400 and 7,200 RPM
(rotations per minute).
Head actuator arm:
This arm positions the read/write head over the desired location on the platter.
Drive controller:
This circuit board controls the overall functioning of the HDD, including data transfer and communication
with the computer.
Housing:
The casing protects the internal components from dust and debris.

Solid-State Drive (SSD):


Unlike HDDs, SSDs use flash memory chips to store data. Here are its key parts;
Flash memory chips:
These chips store data electronically in NAND flash memory cells. Each cell contains a floating gate that
traps electrons to represent data bits (0 or 1).
Controller:
The controller manages the reading, writing, and erasing of data on the flash memory chips. It also
performs wear leveling to distribute writes across the memory cells and extend the lifespan of the SSD.
SATA or PCIe interface:
This interface connects the SSD to the computer’s motherboard for data transfer.
Housing:
The casing protects the internal components of the SSD.

USB Flash Drive:


A USB flash drive is a portable storage device that uses flash memory chips similar to SSDs. Here’s a
breakdown of its components;
Flash memory chip(s):
These chips store the data.
USB controller:
This chip manages communication with the computer via the USB interface and controls the flash memory
chips.
USB connector:
This plug connects the flash drive to a USB port on the computer.
Housing:
The casing protects the internal components of the USB drive.
Compact Disc (CD):
A CD is an optical storage device that uses a laser to read and write data. Here are its main parts;
Data layer:
This is a thin aluminum layer sandwiched between two protective plastic layers. The data is encoded as
microscopic pits and lands on the aluminum layer.
Label layer (optional):
This is a printed layer on top of the disc that can display information such as the disc title and artist.
Substrate:
This is the plastic base that holds the data and label layers together.
Hole:
The center hole allows the CD to be mounted on a CD drive spindle.

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