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DESIGN BASIS AND SPECIFIC TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR

PRE-ENGINEERED BUILDINGS SHEET ii of iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................. 1

2. REQUIREMENTS OF PROPOSED PRE-ENGINEERED BUILDING ................. 2
3. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR BUILDINGS ............................................................... 7
4. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................ 21
5. OTHER CRITERIA ........................................................................................... 24
7. STRUCTURAL STEEL WORK ........................................................................ 25 8.
OTHER ACCESSORIES .................................................................................. 25
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The proposed plant comprises of PEB structures as listed below:

1.1. Scope of PEB Work

The following are covered in scope of PEB work:

a) For facilitating design of foundations, PEB VENDOR shall provide all the
structural design data to along with the drawings of anchor bolt location in
foundations. PEB VENDOR shall supply anchor bolts/ foundation bolts well in
advance of schedule for casting of foundations along-with required MS
template.

b) The PEB VENDOR shall design the building as per the technical requirements
furnished by . Fabrication & erection will be started only after getting approval
on general arrangement drawings from the .

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c) shall review staad file & calculations for correctness as per this Design Basis
Report. The foundation forces furnished by PEB VENDOR shall be used as
it is for design of the foundations. It’s PEB VENDOR’s responsibility to furnish
correct load data to for foundation design. DOR to be agreed between PEB/
. shall review model for clash check.

d) The PEB VENDOR shall be completely responsible for entire structural

design, complete fabrication, and transportation to site, loading and unloading
and safe erection of the building at site, within the estimated time frame. Any
approval from will not relieve the PEB VENDOR from the responsibilities for
correctness of his designs and drawings.

e) Any approval from will not relieve the PEB VENDOR of his contractual
obligations and his responsibilities for correctness of structural design,
dimensions, materials of construction, weight, quantities, design details,
assembly fits, performance requirements and conformity of the supplies with
the Indian Statutory Laws as may be applicable, nor does it limit the
purchaser’s rights under the contract.

f) In case of any defect in materials, workmanship or structural failure of any

element or the building, the PEB VENDOR shall make good, rectify, or replace
the element/ structure, without prejudice or any claim on .

g) It is the responsibility of PEB VENDOR to ensure the adherence to the

schedule to avoid any delay in the activities of other PEB VENDOR working
at the same site.

h) It will be PEB VENDOR’s responsibility to give safe and robust design. PEB
VENDOR shall indemnify from all the responsibilities as far as stability and
performance of the PEB structures are concerned.

i) The PEB VENDOR shall issue stability certificate and provide performance
guarantee of all the structures designed, fabricated & erected by them
alongwith 10 years of leak-proof guarantee.

j) Engineering data i.e. Staad file, connections, Base plate designs, Tekla model
and drawings shall be submitted by the PEB VENDOR during the progress of
the work. During erection work, Necessary provision for drinking water and
potable water for the labourers at site to be arranged by the PEB VENDOR.

k) PEB VENDOR should maintain safety, security, and clean-up of the site.

2. REQUIREMENTS OF PROPOSED PRE-ENGINEERED BUILDING

2.1. All the requirements shall be as specified in PEB enquiry document and
Architectural drawings. Some of the major and mandatory requirements are
as indicated below.
a) Generally tapered/ uniform column solid web Steel portal frame shall be provided.
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b) The frame spacing, and height shall be as indicated in the Architectural

drawings.

c) Roof shall be standing seam & non-piercing type to support solar panels and
maintenance platform.

d) Roof slope shall be 1:33.33 to horizontal for process block building. For
warehouse and other buildings, slope shall be 1:20 to horizontal.

e) Nylon safety net shall be provided below roof sheeting in all buildings for
construction.

f) Under-deck insulation shall be provided in all buildings. The insulation shall

be 75 mm thick and 48 kg/m3 of rock wool sandwich panel. Single skin side
sheeting shall be provided. Requirement of insulation shall be as indicated in
tender drawings.

g) Rainwater down take pipes shall be provided up to minimum 450mm below

finished ground level. All the necessary fittings, bends, elbows, etc. shall be
provided by the PEB VENDOR. The connection of rainwater down takes to
the UPVC pipe provided in the nearest inspection chamber below ground shall
be provided by the PEB VENDOR. The material and colour of the rainwater
down take pipes shall match the side sheeting colour and patterns.

h) One cage ladder & one permanent staircase shall be provided to access the
roof for all buildings (unless noted otherwise in Architectural drawings or as
per Client requirement). Staircase shall be located such that all the roof
elevations are accessed from that staircase. Numbers and location of cage
ladders shall be indicated by in Architectural drawings. Length shall be from
FGL for roof access. The bottom of cage ladder shall be covered with suitable
hinged grill and locking arrangement to avoid direct access to roof. Top of cage
ladder shall have spring shutter with standing platform at junction of roof and
cage ladder.

i) Minimum width of the cage ladder provided shall be 750 mm and the ladder
to be designed for a load of 100 kg. Same paint specification as that of PEB
primary members shall be followed.

j) The colour shade of the cage ladder shall match the sheeting colour shade
and patterns.

k) Staircase treads shall be of 5mm thick chequered plate, adequately supported

with nosing angle, stiffener angles etc. Staircase shall be open staircase or as
mentioned in Architectural drawings. Stairways shall have main stringer of
minimum ISMC 200.

l) Staircase shall be provided to access any mezzanine floor as indicated in

Architectural drawing. Staircase planning shall be done as per the information
given in the Architectural drawings. This shall be provided from Finished
Ground level.
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m) 4 Nos. of MS templates 6mm thick for each type of column along with
foundation bolts shall be provided by the PEB VENDOR. All primary fasteners
must be fully tightened using torque wrench to specified torque values.
Torquing shall be done as per IS 1367.

n) The supporting frame arrangement for all rolling shutters, doors, windows,
ventilators, exhaust fans etc., including chajja projection (if any) shall be
provided by the PEB VENDOR with necessary fixtures and details as required.
PEB VENDOR shall also provide frame arrangement for automated doors as
required and mentioned in Architectural drawings.

o) For fixing the rolling shutters and doors, the Jamb headers shall be clamped
to plinth beams below using mechanical fasteners. The same shall be in the
scope of PEB VENDOR.

p) Thickness of supporting members of jamb, headers shall not be less than

6mm or as required by design.

2.2. TYPE OF ROOFING & SHEETING

2.2.1. Roofing:

Roofing shall be provided as indicated in the Architectural drawings and as per following
details:

a) Galvalume sheets shall be cold rolled formed to profile as per IS 513.

b) Steel solid web portal frame with Single skin roofing, with the insulation,
composed of 0.60 mm Total Coated Thickness (TCT) Plain (Bare) Pre-coated
Galvalume sheeting of min. 345 MPA yield strength, seating above the purlin
members. The sheeting shall be fixed to purlin with “Standing Seam” system.
The roof shall be totally non-pierced type.

c) Performance stimulated test like water leakage test to be done for all
structures by the PEB VENDOR at site after laying the roofing sheet. Water to
be poured on top of sheet through hose pipe to prove that there is no water
leakage.

d) As indicated in Architectural drawings consider elevation level for RCC deck

slab as top of concrete and for Galvalume roof sheeting as bottom of portal or
eave height. Please refer Architectural drawing for details.

e) PEB vendor shall furnish cleaning philosophy and methods to ensure safe
cleaning during operation to be in place to ensure no operation gets affected
during cleaning.

2.2.2. Side cladding:

a) Vertical cladding / side sheeting to be considered from top of Brick masonry wall (if
provided by others) level up to bottom of gutter at the locations shown
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in the bid drawings. At the brick wall to cladding junction drip/masonry trim or
flashing supplied by the PEB vendor, where the interface between brick wall
and panel is such a way that extended overlapping with brick wall to drain out
water without leakage. This trim will be connected to the brick wall and
sheeting when the gap between them is minimum like below 100mm. Without
any gap it will act as dust proof. If gap is like 200mm or more than that soffit
sheeting to be provided by PEB vendor.

b) Type of Cladding: Side cladding shall be of pre-coated Galvalume sheets of base

metal thickness of 0.55 mm TCT fixed to the girt members.

c) The colour pattern and shade shall be decided in consultation

d) Openings in side-cladding are indicated in Architectural drawings. There may be

requirement of additional openings in the sidewall cladding at various locations.
The size and location of the openings will be provided in bid-purpose drawings.

e) Extra 20% framed opening area over and above to that indicated in
Architectural drawings.

f) All structural arrangements to support opening in side-sheeting is in the scope of

PEB Vendor.

2.3. BRACING SYSTEM

a) On grids having rolling shutters (or access location), portal bracings up to rolling
shutter level to be provided and above cross angle bracings can be provided.

b) At internal locations no vertical bracing shall be allowed.

c) The vertical bracings shall be of angle, channel members, RHS/ CHS/ SHS only.

d) Wall bracing connections shall be designed for 1.25 times the maximum compression
force in the connecting member.

e) All bracings shall be X type bracings. The use of K bracing shall not be permitted.

f) Angle bracing shall be provided for the roof, wherever required as per design. Rod
bracing shall not be permitted for wall bracing.

g) Bracing members shall be designed as compression members only.

h) PEB VENDOR shall plan the bracing bays and shall take approval from on patterns
and location before going for detailed engineering.

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i) At bracing crossing location, the connection shall be such that the slenderness
requirements/ compression capacity and out of plane buckling strength shall
be equivalent/ same as main bracing element.

2.4. GUTTERS & DOWN TAKES

a) A suitable arrangement of rainwater down takes shall be provided to collect

the rainwater discharge from the roof to the ground level. The minimum size
of Gutter to be considered during design stage is 200mm x 250 mm deep to
cater for design rainfall intensity.
b) Though this minimum size has been specified, the PEB VENDOR shall design
actual rainwater gutter size and shall provide whichever is higher. PEB
VENDOR shall submit these calculations to for review & approval.

c) Rainwater down-take pipes, header pipe and Gutter design shall be as per
PEB VENDOR’s standard design. The supporting calculations for the same
shall be submitted during drawing approval to . Galvalume gutters &
Galvalume down take pipes shall be designed and provided for rainfall
intensity of 100mm/hr as per data received from client.

2.5. FRAMING FOR OPENINGS

Framed openings shall be provided for all doors, windows, rolling shutters, ventilators,
roof monitors, and cut-outs in side-cladding, etc.

2.6. TYPE OF PAINT

a) Primary built-up & hot-rolled main members: Surface cleaning: Grit blasting to
SA2.5.
Copper slag abrasive shall not be used.
Primer: Zinc rich EPOXY primer (1 x 75 to 100 DFT micron) at SHOP
Intermediate paint: High Build MIO Epoxy intermediate (1 x 175 to 200 DFT micron)
at SHOP
Finish Paint: Aliphatic Acrylic Urethane Finish (1 x 50 to 65 DFT microns) either
at SHOP or SITE.
There shall not be any time lag between shot blasting and application of primer
due to corrosion possibilities. Member shall be immediately painted upon shot
blasting.

b) Cold form members:

Cold form members shall be roll formed from pre-galvanized coils with minimum
galvanizing of 250GSM.

c) Secondary members:
Surface cleaning: Mechanical wire brush cleaning. Rust, grease, dust shall be completely
removed. Grit blasting to SA2.5.
Copper slag abrasive shall not be used.
Zinc rich EPOXY primer (1 x 75 to 100 DFT microns) at SHOP

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Intermediate paint: High Build MIO Epoxy intermediate (1 x 175 to 200 DFT micron)
at SHOP
Aliphatic Acrylic Urethane Finish (1 x 50 to 65 DFT microns) either at SHOP or
SITE
Standard Specification for Protective Coatings (Field and Shop Painting) shall be
followed in conjunction with this specification.

d) External finish for roof to have high solar reflecting Index value or white colour.

2.7. Lifeline and its bracket arrangement for all canopy structures shall be provided
by PEB VENDOR. For safety line, PEB VENDOR shall propose the standard
arrangement for approval.

2.8. Permanent handrail shall be considered along the periphery of roof in all
buildings. External staircase shall be provided for each building as shown in
Architectural drawings.

2.9. All monorail beams shall have butt welded splice joints for smooth movement of
wheels from one end to other. Plates and bolts shall not be used for splice
joints for Monorail beams. Location & Load details of EOT cranes/monorails
shall be provided in bid-purpose drawings.

3. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR BUILDINGS

3.1. APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS FOR DESIGN OF BUILDINGS:

Sr.
Code No. Title
No.

1 IS: 800-2007 Code of Practice for General Construction in Steel

2 IS:1893-2016
(Part-I) Criteria for Earthquake resistant Design of Structures.
IS:1893-2024
Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings
(Part-IV)
IS800:2007Section
12
Code of Practice for design loads (other than
3 IS: 875-Part-I Earthquake) for buildings and structures - Unit weights
of Building materials and stored materials.
Code of Practice for design loads (other than
4 IS: 875-Part-II Earthquake) for buildings and structures- Imposed
Loads
Code of Practice for design loads (other than
5 IS: 875-Part-III
Earthquake) for buildings and structures- Wind Load.

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Sr.
Code No. Title
No.
Code of Practice for design loads (other than
6 IS: 875- Part-V Earthquake) for buildings and structures P5- Special
Loads and Combination.
Code of Practice for Design and Construction of
7 IS: 1904 Foundations in Soils- General Requirement.
8 SP: 38 Handbook – Typified Designs for Structural Steel Roof
Handbook on Structures with Steel Portal Frames
9 SP: 40 (without Cranes)
Applicable codes and Standards for materials

Sr. Code No. Title

No.

1 IS: 2062 Structural Steel (Standard quality)

Code of Practice for Use of Cold Formed Light Gauge
2 IS: 801 Steel Structural Members in General Building
Construction.
Code of Practice for Use of Steel Tubes in General
3 IS: 806 Building Construction.
4 IS: 808 Hot rolled steel beams, channels, and angle sections.

Dimensions for steel plates, sheets, and strips for

5 IS: 1730 structural and General Engineering Purpose.
6 IS: 3502 Steel Chequered plates

Technical supply conditions for threaded steel fastener’s

7 IS: 1367 part 14,16 & 17.

Code of practise for use of metal arc welding for general

8 IS: 816 construction in mild steel.
9 IS: 822 Code of procedure for inspection of welds.
10 IS: 7215 Tolerances for Fabrication of Steel Structures.

3.2. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

Structural analysis shall be done by PEB Contractor using latest version of
Software like STAAD compatible to structural design strictly conforming to IS:
800-2007 and / or by approved manual calculations.

3.2.1. Structural designs for the steel members shall be based on Limit state method as
per IS:800-2007. The PEB Contractor may adopt working stress method for

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design of structural members, however it shall be in strict compliance to section

11 of IS: 800-2007.

3.2.2. The structural members shall be either classified as compact, plastic or semi
compact as per IS: 800-2007, in no case “Slender members” shall be
permitted for any primary or secondary members. Only Purlin and cladding
runners will be of cold formed “slender” sections.

3.2.3. Chapter 12 of IS: 800-2007 shall be followed without any deviation for design and
detailing for earthquake loads.

3.2.4. Design of cold form section shall confirm to IS: 801 unless noted.

3.2.5. No re-rolled section shall be used in steel structures by PEB VENDOR.

3.3. LOADS

3.3.1. Dead Load (DL):

Self-Weight of Structure including purlins, girts, sheeting, cladding,
A bracings, chequered plate/grating, handrails etc.
Lighting Fixtures: Considering actual fixture loading maximum point load
B of 0.15 kN shall be considered at every 2m c/c at each purlin. Provide
pre-punched holes of 10mm diameter at every 2m c/c at each purlin.

Solar panel Load: Solar Panel load of 20 kg/m2 shall be considered for
C design of total roof area as per standard practice. The solar panel load
is considered as part of live load as per standard practice.

Miscellaneous collateral load of 0.5 kN/m2 on projected plan area of the

D buildings shall be considered for design of Portal beams and columns.
The collateral load 0.5 kN/m2 includes cable tray loading.

Sprinkler System Load: Purlins shall be designed to support loads of

E 2inch sprinkler pipes in all buildings. Additional load details, if any, shall
be mentioned in Architectural drawings.

Sprinkler Header Pipes in buildings:

Loads for sprinklers header pipes shall be mentioned in Architectural
drawings for respective buildings. Consider span between two Columns/
Rafters for calculating load on columns.

F Discharge Header & Test Header Pipes in buildings:

Loads for discharge header & test header pipes, if any, shall be
mentioned in Architectural drawings for respective buildings. Consider
span between two Columns/ Rafters for calculating load on columns.

Fire Hydrant Pipes:

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PEB VENDOR shall consider Fire hydrant pipe supports along the
peripheral columns for all buildings. Bracket projections from column,
bracings as well as supporting member between two brackets
throughout length shall be considered.

Self-weight of RCC slab in the mezzanine floor shall be considered for

a slab thickness of 150mm (excluding deck sheet) for Zone A and Zone
G B (Grid no.38a to 1) and For Zone E (Grid no. 59 to 38b) consider
minimum 200mm thk RCC slab (excluding deck sheet). Consider
density of 25kN/m3.

H Any other load – To be furnished with Architectural drawing

3.3.2. Live Load (LL):

Live load shall be the maximum load expected by the intended use or occupancy
and consists of the following loads:
• Persons, portable machinery and tools
• Materials temporarily stored during maintenance such as moulds, finished goods, raw
material, and scrap material.
• Materials normally stored during operation.
• Moving or standby vehicles.
Live loads shall be uniformly distributed/ concentrically applied over the
horizontal projection of the specified area. Distributed live load is applied to all
areas except directly under equipment. Collateral load accounts for piping and
miscellaneous utilities and is applied to all the areas.
Following live loads shall be the minimum considered in structural design as specified
in IS: 875 (Part 2) unless noted otherwise.
Note 1: Loading to be considered for arrangement for maintenance (cleaning +safety
measures).
Note 2: Manual/Guideline for maintenance shall be specified by PEB vendor and
approved by consultant.
Table-6:
Loading Area
Minimum Load Intensity (kN/m2)

Accessible Roof 1.5

Non-accessible Roof
(Except for maintenance) 0.75

For Sloping Roof with slope For roof membrane sheets or purlins-
greater than 10 degrees 0.75 kN/m2 less 0.02 kN/m2 for every

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Loading Area
Minimum Load Intensity (kN/m2)

degree increase in slope over 10

degrees, subject to a minimum of 0.40
kN/m2

Staircase 4.0
Maintenance Bays, Compressor
House 7.5

Operating Floors of Process Plant 5.0

Control & MCC Room Building 10.0

Access Platforms, Walkways 3.0

Light Storage Area 5.0

Heavy Storage Area 10.0

Handrails 0.75 kN/m Linear load

Toilets and bathrooms 2.0

False ceiling 0.75

Boiler area room 5.0

Storage area – Vault room 5.0

Canteen and Kitchen area 3.0

Labs and office areas 3.0

Minimum 20 or as per forklift capacity &
Forklift movement areas data sheet
Minimum 20 or as per AGV capacity &
AGV movement areas data sheet
Where actual load is more than the load given in the above table, design shall
be based on actual loadings. For various mechanical handling equipment
which are used to transport goods to storage, workshop etc., the actual load
coming from the use of such equipment shall be ascertained and design
should cater to actual loading.

3.3.3. Wind Load (WL):

The structures shall be designed to withstand the forces of wind pressure,
assumed in any horizontal direction with no allowance for the effect of
shielding by other adjacent structures, in accordance with the appropriate
provisions of IS: 875 (Part 3).

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Table-7:
Vb = 39 m/sec -
Basic Wind speed at 10m
height for Ahmedabad
Vz = k1*k2*k3*k4*Vb m/sec Clause 6.3
Design Wind Speed at any
height:
Table 1
Where; k1 = Probability factor = 1.00 (Mean probable life of
structure 50 years)

k2 = Terrain height & structure size factor Table 2

Terrain category:
All the structures fall under category – 2 type of terrain (Open terrain with well
scattered obstructions having heights generally between 1.5 to 10m).
To calculate the value of k2, table – 2 of IS: 875 Part 3 shall be referred
considering terrain category – 2.

k3 = Topography factor = 1.0 Clause 6.3.3.1

Clause 6.3.4
k4 = Importance factor for the cyclonic region

= 1.00 For all Industrial structures

Design Wind Pressure at any pz = 0.6 x Vz2 N/m2 Clause 7.2
height:

Note – As per IS:875 (Part 3), pressure for buildings less than 10m high shall
be reduced by 20% for evaluation stability and design of the framing.
Design Wind Pressure at any Maximum of, N/m2 Clause 7.2
height
1. pd=
Kd.Ka.Kc.pz,
2. pd= 0.70
pz
Where; Kd = Wind Directionality factor Clause 7.2.1

Ka = Area averaging Factor Clause 7.2.2

Kc = Combination factor Clause 7.3.3.13

Based on the above wind pressure and exposure of the building as per IS:
875 Part 3, further load calculations will be carried out with respect to profile
of the structure.

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3.3.4. Earthquake Load (EL):

All structures & foundations shall be designed to resist the effects of
earthquakes in accordance with IS 1893. All structures shall be designed for
Design Basis Earthquake (DBE). Response spectrum method will be used to
carry out Dynamic analysis.

SEISMIC PARAMETERS:

Seismic design forces shall be determined based upon the following parameters.
Item Value Reference

ANNEX – E
Seismic Zone
Zone – III (IS 1893-Part 1)
Zone Factor Table – 13
(Z) 0.16 (IS 1893-Part 1)
Table 3
Importance 1.50 for structures in category 2 (IS 1893-Part
Factor “I”
1.20 for structures in category 3 42024)
5% Damping shall be considered for Reinforced
Concrete Structures and 2% Damping shall be Table 2
considered for Steel structure, irrespective of (IS 1893–Part
Method of Analysis (i.e. Equivalent Static Method or 42024)
Dynamic Analysis Method)
Damping
Response 5 - Steel structures with special moment resisting Table 4
reduction frame (SMRF) (IS 1893-Part
factor (R) 42024)

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Item Value Reference

for response spectrum method,

for rocky 1+15T T < 0.10 s
or 2.5 0.10s < T < 0.40s
hard soil 1 0.40s < T < 4.00s
sites T
0.25 T > 4.00 s for
verage med-
response ium stiff 1+15T T < 0.10 s
acceleration soil 2.5 0.10s < T < 0.55s
coefficient, sites 1.36 0.55s < T <4.00s
T
Sa/g
0.34 T > 4.00 s
Clause 6.4.2
for soft
soil 1+15T T < 0.10 s IS: 1893 (Part
sites 2.5 0.10s < T < 0.67s 1)
1.67 0.67s < T <4.00s
T
0.42 T > 4.00 s

Bare MRF buildings (without any masonry infills)

0.075 h0.75 (For RC MRF building)
Ta = Clause No:
Fundamental
7.6.2
Natural Period (For Steel MRF IS: 1893 (Part
(Ta) 0.085 h0.75 1)
Building)

0.09 h/ (√ d) (All other Building)

Clause No:
Design The design horizontal seismic coefficient (Ah) = 6.4.2
Spectrum (Z/2) (Sa/g) / (R/I) IS: 1893 (Part
1)
Clause No:
Design
7.6.1
Seismic Base VB = Ah W
IS: 1893 (Part
Shear
1)
Table 7 Clause
Minimum No: 7.2.2
Design Lateral 1.1% IS: 1893 (Part
force (ρ) 1)

The dynamic analysis in STAAD shall be done as per IS-1893-2016-PART-4. Contribution

of permanent dead loads and live loads as specified in IS: 1893

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(Part 1) shall be considered while calculating nodal masses. Imposed load on the
roof shall not be accounted in the calculation of nodal masses.
Resulting torsion effect due to eccentricity between centre of mass and centre of
rigidity will be considered in design as per IS 1893, clause no 7.8.

3.3.5 Categorization of structures:

Structures / equipment’s shall be classified into the four categories as per clause 8.1,
IS 1893 (Part-4):2024.
Typical categorization of industrial structure for the project is as given below,
for other structures refer table-6 of IS 1893 (Part-4):2024 Category- 2:
• FG Warehouse,
• Block 1
• Raw Material Warehouse
• Block 2
• Utility Building

Category- 3:
• Parking shed (2-wheeler and 4-wheeler)

3.3.6 Design acceleration due to earthquake

Horizontal acceleration values of the spectra are obtained from IS: 1893 Part
4:2024.
The horizontal seismic co-efficient Ah = (Z/2) *(I/R) *(Sa/g)
Seismic parameters Z, I, R and Sa/g are obtained as per table below.
Vertical acceleration values are to be taken as 2/3 of the corresponding horizontal
acceleration values (Clause 6.4.6 of IS: 1893 Part-1).

3.3.7 Seismic Weight Calculation

The seismic weight of building includes all permanent and rigidly attached
structural and non-structural components of a building, such as walls, floors,
roofs, cladding, piping, duct load, cable tray load, total weight of permanent
equipment, utility weight of permanent equipment, normal operating weight of
contents in vessels and pipe etc.
The contribution of live load to be considered in the seismic weight calculation
shall be taken as per the Clause 7.3.1 and as specified in Table – 10 of IS
1893 (Part 1).
Imposed Uniformly Distributed Floor loads
Percentage of Imposed load
(kN/m2)

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Up to and including 3.0 25%

Above 3.0 50%

3.3.8 Method of Dynamic Analysis

Response spectrum method shall be applied for seismic analysis. Following are
the steps involved in Response Spectrum Method:

a) Calculate Eigen Values (Natural periods/frequency) above 0.03 second and

their corresponding Eigen Vectors (Mode shapes).

b) Pick up the maximum acceleration of structure corresponding to each mode

from the response spectra curve.

c) Calculate the maximum response (For example, member forces, displacement,

storey forces, storey shears and base reactions) of structure for each mode.

Number of modes to be used in the analysis for the earthquake shaking along
a considered direction, shall be such that the sum total of modal masses of
these modes considered is at least 90% of the total seismic mass.

The peak response quantities shall be combined as per Complete Quadratic Combination
(CQC) method.

3.3.9 Combination of responses due to multi component seismic acceleration

Since lateral load resisting elements are oriented along two mutually
orthogonal horizontal directions, the structures shall be designed for two
component earthquakes (One horizontal and vertical). For Horizontal
earthquake load, structure shall be designed for the effects due to full design
earthquake load in one horizontal direction at a time, and not in both directions
simultaneously. When lateral load resisting elements are not oriented along
mutually orthogonal horizontal directions, Structure shall be designed as per
Clause No.6.3.2.2. IS 1893 Part.1.
Effect due to vertical earthquake shaking shall be considered as per clause
No. 6.3.3.1 IS 1893 (Part 1); the design vertical force shall be calculated for
vertical ground motion as detailed in clause No. 6.4.6 IS 1893 (Part 1).
When both horizontal and vertical seismic forces are considered, load combination
specified in Clause No.6.3.4 IS 1893 (Part 1) shall be considered.
When response from the three earthquake components are to be considered
(three directional earthquake ground shaking), the response due to each
component may be combined using the assumption that when maximum
response from one component occurs, the responses from other two
components are 30% each of their maximum. All possible combinations of
three components including variations in sign shall be considered. Refer
clause no. 6.3.4.1 IS 1893 (Part 1) for set of combinations of earthquake load
effect.

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When components are corresponds to only two ground motion components

(say one horizontal and one vertical or two horizontal) are combined. The
equations given in Clause No. 6.3.4.1 and 6.4.3.2 IS 1893 (Part 1) shall be
modified by deleting the term representing the response due to component of
motion not being considered.

3.3.10 Storey Drift Limitation:

The storey drifts in any storey due to the minimum specified design lateral
force, with partial load factor of 1.0 shall not exceed 0.004 times the storey
height as per IS 1893 (Part 1), clause no. 7.11.1.

3.3.11 EQUIPMENT LOAD (EL)

Equipment Loads can be divided in following types:

• Empty
• Operating
• Test
Equipment loads along with attached piping and platform shall be taken as given
in mechanical loading data.

Equipment empty load (ELe)

This shall mean the weight of equipment during erection and exclude the
weight of internal fluids, solids within equipment, platforms, insulation and
piping attached to the equipment. Equipment empty load shall be considered
as per the details provided by the equipment manufacturer.

Equipment operating load (ELo)

This shall mean the weight of equipment during normal operating conditions
including the weight of internal fluids, solids within equipment and all materials
permanently attached to the equipment such as platforms, piping and
insulation.

Equipment test load (ELt)

This shall mean the weight of equipment, piping during hydrostatic testing after
erection / installation including the weight of water within the equipment piping
and all materials permanently attached to equipment such as platforms,
insulations and piping. Equipment test load shall be considered as per the
equipment manufacturer’s data.
All equipment foundations & supporting structures shall be designed for
Hydrotest loads. Hydro-test shall be considered for one equipment at a time.
Further, under hydro-test condition the wind force shall be taken as 25% of
normal wind loading. Seismic forces shall not be considered while hydro-
testing.

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3.3.12 EOT/ CRANE Load

Handling device loads shall mean the loads of Cranes, hoists and lifts including the
lifted weight in the normal operation.

Handling device loads shall be increased with the following percentages to include
adequate allowance for the following impact conditions.

1) Vertical impact loads:

Frames supporting lifts and hoists : 100%
Foundations supporting lifts and : 40% hoisting apparatus
Vertical Loads for electric overhead : 25% cranes
Hand operated cranes : 10%
Vertical Loads for Monorails : 25%

2) Horizontal impact loads:

Transverse Load : 15% of the maximum wheel
loads of the crane applied at the top of rail.
Longitudinal load : 7.5% of all static wheel loads.

Monorails
Transverse Load : 15% of the lifted load.
Longitudinal Load : 7.5% of the lifted load hoist and trolley

Following points shall be noted while doing the load combinations:

The crane load combinations area as per clause no. 6.4 of IS:875 part 3.

i. Lateral Surge: For design of columns and foundations, supporting crane girders, the
following crane combinations shall be considered:

• For single-bay frames: Effect of one crane in the bay giving the worst effect shall be
considered for calculation of surge force; and

• For multi-bay frames: Effect of two cranes working on each in any of two bays in the
cross-section to give the worst effect shall be considered for calculation of surge
force.

ii. Tractive Force:

• Where one crane is in operation with no provision for future crane, tractive force from
only one crane shall be taken.

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3.4. Load Combinations:

Load combinations shall be as below -

3.4.1. FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN: LIMIT STATE OF STRENGTH

LOAD CONDITION LOAD COMBINATION

1.5 * (DL + LL + ELo)

1.5 * (DL + ELo+WL)
1.2 * (DL + LL + ELo ± WL)
OPERATING 0.9 * (DL + ELo)+1.5 * (± WL)
1.5 * (DL + ELo + SL)
1.2 * (DL + ELo + LL ± SL)
0.9 * (DL + ELo)+1.5 * (± SL)
1.5 * (DL + ELe ± WL)
1.5 * (DL + ELe)
ERECTION
1.2 * (DL + LL)
0.9 *DL + 1.2*LL
1.5 * (DL+ ELt ± WL)
TESTING
1.5 * (DL + ELt)

3.4.2. FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN: LIMIT STATE OF SERVICEABILITY

LOAD CONDITION LOAD COMBINATION

1.0 * (DL + LL + ELo)
1.0 * (DL + WL)
SERVICEABILITY 1.0 * (DL + SL)
1.0 * (DL + ELo) + 0.8 * (LL ± WL)

1.0 * (DL + ELo) + 0.8 * (LL ± SL)

Following points shall be noted while doing the load combinations:

• The crane load combinations area as per clause no. 6.4 of IS:875 part 3. Refer
below crane load combinations.

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3.4.3. CRANE LOAD COMBINATIONS-LIMIT STATE OF STRENGTH

LOAD CONDITION LOAD COMBINATION

1.5 DL+1.5 Elo +1.5LL +1.05CL
1.2DL+1.5 Elo+1.2LL+1.05CL+0.6SL
1.2DL+1.5 Elo+ 1.2LL+1.05CL+0.6WL
OPERATING

1.2DL+1.2 Elo +1.2LL+0.53CL+1.2WL

1.2DL+1.2 Elo +1.2LL+0.53CL+1.2SL
1.5 DL+1.5 Ele +1.5LL +1.05CL
1.2DL+1.5 Ele +1.2LL+1.05CL+0.6SL
1.2DL+1.5 Ele+ 1.2LL+1.05CL+0.6WL
1.2DL+1.2 Ele +1.2LL+0.53CL+1.2WL
ERECTION 1.2DL+1.2 Ele +1.2LL+0.53CL+1.2SL

1.5 DL+1.5 Elt +1.5LL +1.05CL

1.2DL+1.5 Elt +1.2LL+1.05CL+0.6SL
1.2DL+1.5 Elt+ 1.2LL+1.05CL+0.6WL
TESTING

1.2DL+1.2 Elt +1.2LL+0.53CL+1.2WL

1.2DL+1.2 Elt +1.2LL+0.53CL+1.2SL

3.4.4. CRANE LOAD COMBINATIONS-LIMIT STATE OF SERVICEABILITY

LOAD CONDITION LOAD COMBINATION

DL+1.0 Elo+ 1.0 LL +1.0 CL
OPERATING 1.0 DL +1.0 Elo +0.8LL +0.8 CL +0.8 WL
1.0 DL +1.0 Elo +0.8LL +0.8 CL +0.8 SL
DL+1.0 Ele+ 1.0 LL +1.0 CL

ERECTION 1.0 DL +1.0 Ele +0.8LL +0.8 CL +0.8 WL

1.0 DL +1.0 Ele +0.8LL +0.8 CL +0.8 SL
DL+1.0 Elt+ 1.0 LL +1.0 CL
1.0 DL +1.0 Elt +0.8LL +0.8 CL +0.8 WL
TESTING
1.0 DL +1.0 Elt +0.8LL +0.8 CL +0.8 SL

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• Earthquake is not likely to occur simultaneously with maximum wind.

• Following are the Load combinations as per IS800:2007 Section 12, this
should be applicable for connection design as well as for primary
member design mandatory. 1.2 DL + 0.5 LL ± 2.5 EL
0.9 DL ± 2.5 EL
• Followings are the Load combinations as per IS1893 (Part 4):2024
Section 8.3.2.1.1, All possible combinations of the three components
(ELx, ELy, ELz) including variations in sign (plus or minus) shall be
considered. Thus, the response due to earthquake force (EL) is the
maximum of the following cases:
Elx ± 0.3ELy ± 0.3ELz

EL = Ely ± 0.3ELx ± 0.3ELz

Elz ± 0.3ELx ± 0.3Ely

3.4.5. Deflection Criteria shall satisfy the requirements of IS: 800-2007.

3.4.6. Minimum Thickness of Members shall be as per IS: 800 and as mentioned below
whichever is stringent.

a) For hot rolled steel sections: 6 mm.

b) For cold formed steel sections: 2 mm

4. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

4.1. BUILT UP SECTIONS

i) Fabricated from hot rolled steel plates conforming to Indian Standards /
ASTM Standards with minimum yield strength of 345 MPa (50 ksi &
A572 Grade). Flanges shall be welded to the web by a continuous fillet
weld on both sides of the web.

ii) Unbraced length parameters in STAAD Pro (Lz, Ly, Lx, UNT, UNB, UNL)
parameters of members shall be assigned, such that the entire length of
member shall be assigned with maximum unbraced length, between 2
maximum spaced lateral restraints. Same member shall not have
different unbraced length parameters.

iii) Flanges of mezzanine beams, mezzanine joists, main frame side wall
and interior columns and jack beams shall have minimum web thickness
of 6 mm.

iv) Minimum flange width of all columns, interior rafters, jack beams,
mezzanine beams and joists shall be 150mm.

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v) All built up members shall be symmetrical, i.e. top flange width and thickness
shall be equal to bottom flange width and thickness respectively. Different
sizing shall not be used.

vi) Spacing of mezzanine joists shall be maximum 2m. First and last bays of
mezzanine joists shall have maximum 1.8m spacing.
vii) Maximum butt weld joints in built members shall be as follows:
a. Up to 6m length: No butt weld joint permitted. Member shall be single
piece.
b. 6m to 12m length: 1 No. butt weld joint permitted.
c. For additional butt weld joint requirement for any specific reason, PEB
vendor shall seek approval consultant.
d. Flanges to be welded to web with continuous welding (SAW) on both
sides of web and all the joints of seismic resistant frames (Special
concentric braced frames, Special moment frames) shall have CJP
weld. Welding thickness and type shall be as per the welding
specifications given in AWS.

viii) Stress ratios of any member shall not exceed 0.95

ix) For columns supporting jack beams / jack portals, lateral restraint of girts
shall not be assumed. Such members shall be designed for minimum
unbraced length of 0.5 times total length of member, with appropriate
restraint provision of cross bracing and strut arrangement as per the
unbraced length of member.

4.2. COLD FORMED SECTIONS

Mainly to be used in secondary framing elements (“C” or “Z” shape) having minimum thickness
of 2.0 mm & minimum yield strength of 345 MPa. (50 ksi)

4.3. HOT ROLLED SECTIONS

ASTM grade A572 & Minimum yield strength of 250 MPa.

4.4. BRACING RODS
Round solid steel bars/angle section for roof of buildings & minimum yield strength of
250 MPa.

4.5. SAG RODS

Solid round steel bars conforming to ASTM / IS used to brace purlins & girts
to provide lateral stability & reduce span of purlin. Minimum yield strength shall
be 250 MPa.

i. All sag rods shall be minimum 16mm

diameter. ii. All sag angles shall be minimum
2mm thickness
iii. For standing seam roofing system, cross type sag rods shall be given.

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4.6. FLANGE BRACES & GABLE ANGLES

In form of angles of minimum size 50mm x 50mm x 6mm with minimum yield strength
of 250 MPa.

i. Flange braces used to stabilize the inner compression flanges of main

frame columns and rafters shall be minimum 50 x 50 steel angles
conforming to IS 808 (or equivalent) as per Point No. 4 of this document.

ii. Flange braces minimum thickness shall be 4mm thick for columns and
2.5m thick for rafters.

iii. Flange braces used to stabilize the inner compression flanges of jack
beam shall be minimum 75 x 75 x 6 mm steel angles, conforming to IS
808 (or equivalent) as per Point No. 4 of this document.
iv. For galvanized flange braces minimum Coating of GI shall be 275 GSM.

v. Flange braces must be provided on both sides of rafters, main frame

columns end- wall columns & jack beams. Flange braces shall be
provided at every purlin and girt location
vi. Purlin and girt shall be checked for flange brace forces and effect of sheeting /
cladding may be considered for the same. Calculations to be submitted to the
consultant for approval.

4.7. WALL, ROOF FLASHING & TRIMS, EAVES GUTTERS & DOWNSPOUTS
Made of cold-formed steel matching with wall sheeting (in colour & finish)
including ridge cap. The length of the rainwater down takes, to be provided by
the PEB Contractor shall be up to the storm water chambers as shown in the
drawings.

4.8. ANCHOR BOLTS

Based on requirement, high strength bolts of Grade 8.8 or 10.9 /Anchor bolts of
Grade 4.6 conforming to applicable Indian Standards as per PEB design.

4.9 BRACINGS & STRUTS:

i. No cross bracing is permitted in mezzanine area. Portal bracing may be

used.

ii. All portal bracing shall be straight and shall not be tapered.

iii. In case of portal columns supporting mezzanine loads, portal columns shall
be continued up to base plate with full base plates to these columns. At
other locations, portal columns may be stopped above the base plate or
continued up to base plate depending on design requirement.

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iv. Closed sections shall be manufactured by reputed and approved manufacturers

only.

v. The said sections shall be free of defects, waviness, crimps, etc.

vi. Mill certificates for the sections to be used shall be submitted and approved by the
consultant.

5. OTHER CRITERIA

5.1. Framework shall be robust and self-supporting.

5.2. The bottom of base plate level shall be kept 200 mm below FFL. The projected part of the
anchor bolts shall be levelled with plain cement concrete up to FFL by other contractor at
later stage.

5.3. Sheeting, purlins, sag rods, side girts, etc. shall not to be considered as structural
members for providing any lateral stiffness or stability of the structure.

5.4. Grade slab shall not be considered for resisting horizontal forces.

5.5. Welding shall be one side continuous and stitch welding on the other side for full length
of the member. Continuous welding shall be followed for full length of the splice joints.
5.6. No welding at site shall be allowed.
5.7. No hollow section shall be used unless access is available for maintenance and painting.

5.8. Deflection criteria shall be as per code or maximum permissible from crane loading/
operation whichever is more stringent.

5.9. Provision of sag rods and sag angles to be ensured.

5.10. Longitudinal laps in roof sheeting shall be minimum 200 mm or as per the roofing
system requirement, whichever is more.

5.11. The roof sheeting shall be provided in a manner, which prevents ingress of rainwater.
BIS norms shall be followed. Generally, two corrugations to be overlapped for sides and
overlap of 200 mm or as per the roofing system requirement, whichever is more, for
longitudinal direction (i.e., along the length). Silicon sealant tape to be provided for all
joints with self-tapping screws/ rivets.

5.12. Unless noted otherwise Translucent sheets of minimum 1.5mm thickness FRP sheet
shall be provided over the area of 10 % of the roof sheeting for each building. The joint
between translucent sheet and Galvalume sheets shall be sealed with sealant properly to
make it watertight. The necessary flashing and other accessories compatible to the
translucent sheet material shall be provided.

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5.13. Provision of flashings, trims, neoprene gaskets, silicone/ butyl sealants, etc. shall
be ensured.

6. STRUCTURAL STEEL WORK

6.1. Primary members: Primary structural framing shall include the transverse rigid
frames, lean-to-rafters and columns, canopy rafters, interior columns (beams and
column frames), bearing frame rafters and corner columns and end-wall wind
columns.

6.2. Secondary members: Secondary structural framing shall include the purlins, girts
eave struts, wind bracing, flange bracing, base angles, clips, and other
miscellaneous structural parts.

6.3. Anchor bolts: All anchor bolts and anchor bolt assemblies shall be designed,
detailed, approvals obtained from CONSULTANT, supplied, and transported to
site (for erection and grouting by others) including threading, provision of nuts,
locknuts, washers, pie sleeves, etc. all as per specifications and approved
fabrication drawings. All anchor bolts and anchor bolt assemblies shall conform
to IS: 2062/ IS: 1367. The grade of reinforced cement concrete for placing the
anchor bolts shall be M30 with 20 mm downgraded aggregates.

6.4. Connections: All field connections shall be bolted (Unless otherwise noted).
Primary bolted connections shall be furnished with high strength bolts confirming
to the physical specifications of ASTM A325 (or equivalent). Secondary bolted
connections shall be furnished with machine bolts conforming to the physical
specifications of ASTM A307 (or equivalent).

6.5. For the auxiliary supports like duct supports, cabling supports, which are not in
the scope of the PEB contractor as explicitly defined, provision of pre-defined
bolted connections and / or site welded end connections shall be made.

7. OTHER ACCESSORIES

7.1. Gutters (min. size of gutter 200m (W) x 250 mm (D)): The eaves and valley
gutters shall be made from 16-gauge plain galvalume sheeting material or
approved equivalent of same colour and shade as the roof and side sheeting
including dead ends, nozzles, clamps, etc. complete as per specifications and
approved drawings.

7.2. Rain Water Down takes: The rain water down takes shall be made from 16 gauge
plain galvalume sheeting material or approved equivalent of same colour and
shade as side sheeting having pressure rating of 4 kg/cm2 with suitable clamps
on outside of the side sheeting with spacers including necessary bends, off sets
and junctions, vents and dome all as per specifications and approved drawings
complete with joints perfectly water tight including necessary scaffolding, etc.
complete as directed.

7.3. Rainwater collector box / spout shall have grating on top to avoid chocking.

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