MURANG’A HIGH SCHOOL

FORM TWO AUGUST HOLIDAY ASSIGNMENT 2024

SET 1
1. Jane, a form one student, was working in the school laboratory when she got electrocuted.
Suggest the first aid measure which should be administered. (1 mark)
2. Define the term ‘moment’ of a force and state its SI unit (2 marks)
3. Diffusion in gases is faster than in liquids; give two reasons why this is so. (2 marks)
4. The figure below is a type of instrument for measuring the extent of hotness of a human body.

Figure 1
a) Identify the instrument (1 mark)
b) Label the part, A and state its function (2 marks)
5. Complete the ray diagram below to show how the eye views the tip of the lighted candle as the
object. (3 marks)

Figure 2
6. State the basic law of electrostatics (1 mark
7. Briefly explain how an electroscope maybe used to test for an insulator (2 marks)

8. You are provided with the following apparatus: a bulb, connecting wires, a cell and a switch.
Using the provided apparatus, draw a well labelled circuit diagram of a simple electric circuit
(3 marks)

9. Explain the meaning of ‘polarization’ as a defect in simple cells (1 mark)

10. State two disadvantages of alkaline accumulators over lead acid accumulators (2 marks)
11. A car battery is rated 40 Ah and it is expected to supply a constant current for 120 minutes.
Determine the strength of current delivered. (3 marks)

12. Explain how hammering demagnetizes a bar magnet (2 marks)

 SECTION B (55 Marks)

13. Figure below, shows a micrometer screw gauge being used to measure the diameter of a
cylindrical object of length 10 cm. It has a zero-error of -0.02mm.

Figure 3

a) Identify the parts labelled P and M (2 marks)

M
b) State the diameter of the object (2 marks)
c) Determine the volume of the object (2 marks)
d) If an oil-drop of diameter 0.5 mm spreads on the surface of water to form an oil patch of
diameter 0.2 m, estimate the thickness of the oil molecule. (3 marks)
e) State any two assumptions made in the calculation (part d) above (2 marks)
14.
a) Define the following terms as used in waves:
i. Period (1 mark)
ii. Wavelength (of a longitudinal wave) (1 mark)

b) The figure 4 below shows a displacement- distance graph for a certain wave motion.

Figure 4

Determine
i. The amplitude, A of the wave (1mark)
ii. The wavelength of the wave (1mark)

c) Given that the frequency of the wave (in part b, above) is 40Hz, determine the:
i. Periodic time (T) (1mark)
ii. Speed of the wave (3 marks)

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 d) State any two factors affecting the speed of sound in air (2 marks)

e) A person standing 49.5 m from the foot of a tall cliff claps his hands and hears an echo 0.3
second later. Calculate the velocity of sound in air. (3 marks)
15. Define ‘atmospheric pressure’ (1 mark)
b) Figure 5 shows a simple mercury barometer.

Figure 5
i. Identify the part labelled X (1 mark)
ii. Explain how you would test for the X (2 marks)
c) The figure 6 below shows a U-tube filled with water, mercury and another liquid:

Figure 6
i. Determine the density of the liquid. (3 marks)

ii. State possible reasons why mercury is used. (2 marks)

d) It is dangerous to stand close to a railway line on which a fast moving train is passing.
Explain (2 marks)
e) Differentiate between the: Bernoulli’s effect and Bernoulli’s principle (2 marks)
16.
a) Explain the meaning of the following terms:
i. Magnetic field (1 mark)
ii. Direction of a magnetic field (1 mark)

b) Figure 7 is a simple electromagnet, used for lifting and then releasing steel in a factory.

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 Figure 7
i. Suggest a material which most suitable for use in part labeled B (1 mark)
ii. Explain your answer in part, a above (1 mark)
iii. Suggest any two modifications on the electromagnet above so that it can lift a slightly
heavier load (2 marks)

c) A conductor is carrying current in a magnetic field as shown in the figure below:

i. On the same diagram, draw the resultant field between the poles of
the magnet shown; (2 marks)

ii. Indicate the direction of the force acting on the conductor

(1 mark)

Figure 8

d) Using the domain theory, distinguish between magnet and magnetic material (1 mark)
17.
a) State the principle of moments (1 mark)
b) Define the term ‘Centre of gravity’ (1 mark)
c) Equal and parallel forces in opposite direction is called ‘anti-parallel forces.’ State any two
applications of the anti-parallel forces. (2 marks)

d) Figure 9 shows a bolt being loosened using a spanner by application of forces F1 and F2.

Figure 9
The forces are applied in turns. If the two forces produce equal moment on the bolt, state with
reason which of the two forces is greater than the other. (2 marks)
e) Explain why a lorry loaded with bags of maize packed high up is likely to topple when
negotiating a corner. (2 marks)

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 SET 2
1. (a) State what is meant by streamline flow (1 Mark)
(b) The figure shows the cross section of an aeroplane wing, with the aeroplane moving in the
direction shown by the arrow.

Sketch streamlines to show how air flows past the wing as the aeroplane moves (1 Mark)

(c) The diagram below shows two horizontal pipes, A and B. Tube A contains liquid at rest while
tube B contains liquid in motion.

A B

(a) Liquid at rest (b) Liquid at motion

(i) Sketch graphs for (a) and (b) to show variation in pressure (2 Marks)
2. Explain why ethylated spirit at room temperature when dropped at the back of the palm makes the
palm to feel very cold. (2 Marks)
3.A block measuring 20cm by 10cm by 4 cm rests on a flat surface. The block has a weight of 6.0N.
Determine:
(a) The minimum pressure it exerts on the surface. (2 Marks)

(b) The density of the block in kg/m3. (2 Marks)

Take (g = 1N/kg)
4.(a) State the kinetic theory of matter. (1 Mark)
(b) Why is smoke preferred for use in the smoke cell experiment? (2 marks)
(c). Explain the cause of random motion of smoke particles as observed in Brown Motion
experiment using a smoke cell (3mks)
5.In the figure 2 below shows a uniform bar of length 1.0M pivoted near one end. The bar is kept in
equilibrium by a spring balance shown.
Figure 2
Spring
balance
20cm

10cm
Given that the weight of the metre bar is 1.4N, determine the reading of the spring balance.(3 Marks)
6. State the property of light associated with formation of shadows (1mk)

7. Explain why soft iron keepers are suitable for storing magnets (2mks)

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8.Fig 1 below shows a conductor carrying current placed in the magnetic field of two magnets.
Complete the diagram by showing the field pattern and the direction of force F that acts on the
conductor (2mks)

Figure 1

9.State two quantities that are used to determine whether accumulator require recharging or not
(2mks)

10.The figure 2 below shows the image I, formed in a convex mirror. Complete the ray diagram to
show the position of the object. (2mks)

Figure 2

11. The figure below shows a displacement –time graph for a wave with a period of 0.5 seconds
Figure 3
Displacement

Calculate the velocity of the wave (2mks)

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 12. The figure below shows part of a burette scale after 200 drops of olive oil were run out.
The initial reading of the volume was 15.5ml
13.0

Figure 4
14.0

15.0

16.0

a) Determine the volume of 200 drops. (3 marks)

b) When a single drop was allowed to spread on a careful prepared water surface it made a circular
patch of diameter 31.0cm Use this information to determine;
i) The area of the patch. (3 marks)
ii) An estimate for the length of the olive oil molecules to three significant figures. (3 marks)
c) State one necessary assumption for the calculation in b(ii) above. (1 mark)
13. State any two differences between image formed by plane mirror and pinhole camera (2 marks)
14. The diagram below shows a positively charged rod brought close to two metal spheres on
insulating stands.

++
A B ++ +

Describe how you would use the rod to charge the two spheres differently. (2 marks)
15.State two defects of a simple cell and how each can be corrected. (2 marks)

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16.Figure 2 below shows two bar magnets holding steel pins and placed side by side.

Bar
magnets

P S

Steel pins

A
Identify the polarities of: (2 marks)
A ……………………………………………………..
P ……………………………………………………..
17.(a) One the axis provided, sketch a graph of volume against temperature of water from 0o to
20oC. (2mks)
Volume (cm3)

Temperature (oC)

(b)During anomalous expansion of water, heat transfer is limited to conduction and radiation only
explain (1mk)
18. A student stands at a distance 400m from a wall and claps two pieces of wood. After the first
clap, the student claps whenever an echo is heard from the wall. Another student starts a stopwatch
at the first clap and stops it after the twentieth clap. The stopwatch records a time of 50 seconds.
Find the speed of sound. (3mks)
19.A lawn sprinkler has 40 holes, each of cross-section area 2.0*10-2 cm2.It is connected to a hose-
pipe lof cross-section area 1.6 cm2.If the speed of the water in the hose-pipe is 1.2 ms-1, calculate:
a) The flow rate in the hose-pipe. (2 mks)
b) The speed at which water emerges from the holes. (3 mks)

SET 3
SECTION A (40 MARKS)

1. A mass of 7.5 kg has weight of 30N on a certain planet. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity
on this planet. (3mks)

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2. The diagram below shows the scale of the vernier callipers. If the vernier calliper has a zero
error of + 0.03 cm. Determine the correct reading. (2mks)

3. Explain the cause of random motion of smoke particles as observed in Brownian motion
experiment using a smoke cell. (2 mks)
4. When a Bunsen burner is lit below a wire gauze, it is noted that the flame initially burns below
the gauze as shown in the figure below. After sometime the flame burns below as well as
above the gauze.

Explain this observation (2 mks)

5. A small chain is often seen hanging at the back of a petrol carrying lorry. State and explain its
significance. (2mks)
6. (a) State the right hand grip rule. (1mk)
(b) What is an electromagnet? (1 mk)
7. The diagram below shows a flask fitted with a glass tube dipped into a beaker containing water
at room temperature. The cork fixing the glass tube is tight.

State with reason what would be observed if cold water is poured on to the flask. (2mks)
8. State two conditions under which a pinhole camera may form an image on its screen which has
the same size as the object. (2mks)

9. The figure below shows two identical thermometers. Thermometer A has a blackened bulb
while thermometer R has a silvery bulb. A candle is placed equidistant between the two
thermometers

(a) State the thermometer which records a higher temperature after sometime
(1 mk)
(b) Give reason for (a) above. (1mk)

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10. Name two factors that affect stability of a body. (2mks)
11. Explain how an increase in temperature affect surface tension of a liquid. (2 mks)
12. The figure below shows a u-tube manometer containing oil of density 0.9g/cm3. One end is
connected to a gas tap.

Gas
60mmHg

Oil

If atmospheric pressure is 1.0 x105 pa, find the pressure of the gas. (3 mks)
13. (a) A form one student has the following apparatus two cells, a switch, connecting wires and two
bulbs. Draw a possible circuit diagram that will show parallel arrangement of the bulbs.
(2mks)
(b) State the two defects of a simple cell. (2mks)

14. You are provided with a boiling tube, a string and a ruler. Describe using a diagram how you
would estimate the circumference of the boiling tube. (4mks)

15. (a) Convert each of the following from 35 Kelvin into degree Celsius. (1mk)
(b) Name the two parts of a clinical thermometer that make it special compared to the other
thermometers. (2mks)
16. The diagram below shows three identical springs which obey Hooke’s law.

Determine the length X. (3 marks)

SECTION B (60 MARKS)

17. The mass of a density bottle of 50cm3 is 7.5g when empty. Aluminium turning are poured into
the bottle and the total mass is 57.5g. Water is then added into the turnings till the bottle is full.
If the total mass of the bottle and its contents is 87.5g. (density of water = 1g/cm3)
calculate; (i) the mass of aluminium turning. (1mk)
(ii) the volume of the water added. (2mks)
(iii) the volume of aluminium (1mk)
(iv) the density of Aluminium. (2mks)
18. (a) Define the term pressure and state its SI unit. (2mks)
(b) Explain why a camel is able to walk on deserts and cannot sink in sand. (2mks)
(c) A brick 30cm long 20cm and 5cm thick has a mass of 500g. Determine the;
i. Greatest pressure that can be exerted by the brick on the flat surface.
(3mks)
ii. Least pressure exerted by the brick. (3mks)

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 (d) ) State the three properties of hydraulic brake fluid (3mks (a)
3
The oil level in a burette is 10.0cm . 50 drops of the oil are run off the burette. If the radius of 1
drop is 0.35cm.
(i) Calculate the volume of one drop. (3 mks)
(ii) What is the final reading of the burette. (3 mks)
(b) The 50 drops oil was made to spread on a surface of water forming a circular patch of radius
21cm.
(i) Calculate the area of the oil patch. (2 mks)
(ii) Calculate the thickness of the oil molecule. (3 mks)
19. a) What is rectilinear propagation of light (1mk)
o
b) Find the number of images formed when mirrors are inclined at 40 (3mks)
c) State 2 characteristics of images formed by the plane mirrors. (2mks)
20. The diagram below shows a solar heater.

(a) state reason why;

i) the pipe is fixed to a dark-colored collector plate. (1mk)

ii) the pipe is made of copper. (1mk)

iii) the pipe is coiled several times. (1mk)
iv) the collector plate is fixed to an insulator (1mk)
v) the panel front is covered with glass (1mk)
b) Liquid expand when heated and contract when cooled. However this is not true for water
i. state the name given to this behavior of water (1mk)
ii.State two importance of this behavior of water. (2mks)
a) Define moment of force and state its SI unit (2mks)
b) Name two factors that affect moment of a force. (2mks)

c ) Find the moment of the force about the pivot in the figure below (3mks)

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d)A uniform meter rule pivoted at its center is balanced by a force of 50N at 20cm mark and some
other two forces ,F and 20 N on the 70 cm mark and 90 cm marks respectively. Calculate the force F.
(3mks)
(a) State two properties of magnets. (2mks)
(b) A soft iron ring is placed between two magnets. Draw the magnetic field pattern between the two
magnets. (2mks)

(c) Figure below shows a U-shaped magnet is stored with a keeper.

Explain how this method helps to retain magnetism longer. (2mks)

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