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Business process
A business process or business method is a collection of related, structured
activities or tasks by people or equipment which in a specific sequence produce a service or product (serves a particular business goal) for a particular customer or customers. Business processes occur at all organizational levels and may or may not be visible to the customers. A business process may often be visualized as a flowchart of a sequence of activities with interleaving decision points or as a process matrix of a sequence of activities with relevance rules based on data in the process.
Every business can be seen as a collection of business processes, some of
which are part of larger encompassing processes. For instance, uses of mentoring, wikis, blogs, and videos are all part of the overall knowledge management process. Many business processes are tied to a specific functional area. For example, the sales and marketing function is responsible for identifying customers, and the human resources function is responsible for human employees. The following table shows some typical business processes for each of the function areas of business.
Functional Area Business Process
Manufacturing and production Assembling the product Checking the quality Producing bills for the materials Sales and marketing Identifying customers Making customers aware of the product Selling the product Finance and accounting Paying creditors Creating financial statement Managing cash accounts
Human resources Hiring employees
Evaluating job performance Other business processes cross many different functional areas and require coordination across departments. For instance, consider the seemingly simple business process of fulfilling a customer order. The following figure shows an order fulfillment process,