FIN010

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Business process

A business process or business method is a collection of related, structured


activities or tasks by people or equipment which in a specific sequence
produce a service or product (serves a particular business goal) for a
particular customer or customers. Business processes occur at all
organizational levels and may or may not be visible to the customers. A
business process may often be visualized as a flowchart of a sequence of
activities with interleaving decision points or as a process matrix of a
sequence of activities with relevance rules based on data in the process.

Every business can be seen as a collection of business processes, some of


which are part of larger encompassing processes. For instance, uses of
mentoring, wikis, blogs, and videos are all part of the overall knowledge
management process. Many business processes are tied to a specific
functional area. For example, the sales and marketing function is
responsible for identifying customers, and the human resources function is
responsible for human employees. The following table shows some typical
business processes for each of the function areas of business.

Functional Area Business Process


Manufacturing and production Assembling the product
Checking the quality
Producing bills for the materials
Sales and marketing Identifying customers
Making customers aware of the
product
Selling the product
Finance and accounting Paying creditors
Creating financial statement
Managing cash accounts

Human resources Hiring employees


Evaluating job performance
Other business processes cross many different functional areas and require
coordination across departments. For instance, consider the seemingly
simple business process of fulfilling a customer order.
The following figure shows an order fulfillment process,

Generate Submit
Sales order order

Accou Check Approve Generate


nting credit credit invoice

Produ Assemble Ship


ction product product

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