1.1 - Linear Equations and Functions

Unit 1
Notes 1.1
Linear Equations
and Functions
Function Notation
Coordinate Points/
Ordered Pairs
can be written as:
Domain & Range
input domain
“x”
= set of
values
all x’s
“y” range
output
values = set of
or all y’s
𝒇(𝒙) or
𝒇(𝒙)
Ex. 1 𝒙 𝒚
x y −𝟐 −𝟑
−𝟐 𝟏𝟑 −𝟏 𝟏
−𝟏 𝟗 Mapping 𝟎 𝟓
𝟎 𝟓 𝟏 𝟗
𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟏𝟑
𝟐 −𝟑
Ordered Pairs (−𝟐, 𝟏𝟑) (−𝟏, 𝟗) (𝟎, 𝟓) (𝟏, 𝟏) (𝟐, −𝟑)
Discrete vs Continuous –
Domain: −𝟐, −𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟐 What’s the difference??
Discrete – a finite (countable)
Range: −𝟑, 𝟏, 𝟓, 𝟗, 𝟏𝟑 set of points
This data is discrete!! Continuous – an infinite set of
points – i.e. you can draw the
graph without picking up your
pencil.
INTERVAL NOTATION
(___, ___) [____, ____]
BOTH the left and right BOTH the left and right
bounds (numbers) are NOT bounds (numbers) ARE
included in the interval. included in the interval.
(___, ___] [____, ____)

The left bound is NOT included The left bound IS included in the
in the interval, BUT the right interval, BUT the right bound is
bound IS included in the NOT included in the interval
interval
FOR CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS

Important Info
to Remember about
Interval Notation
If the left bound or right bound is
∞, then it will always get a “(“ or a
“)” because your graph will never,
ever be able to touch infinity.
Point Slope Form: 𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
Slope Intercept Form: 𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃
Standard Form: 𝑨𝒙 + 𝑩𝒚 = 𝑪
Write the equation of the line, in Point
Slope Form, that contains the points
(–3,1) and (3, 9)
(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) (𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 )
1. Find the slope
𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 2. Use the slope and one of
𝒎= the given points to write
𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏
the equation of the line.
𝟗−𝟏
𝒎=
𝟑 − (−𝟑) 𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝟖
𝒎= 𝟒
𝟔 𝒚 − 𝟏 = (𝒙 + 𝟑)
𝟑
𝟒
𝒎=
𝟑
Ex. 2 Cont. Graph Point Slope Form
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎 (𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝟒
𝒚 − 𝟏 = (𝒙 + 𝟑)
𝟑
What is the given
point? (−𝟑, 𝟏)
What is the 𝟒
slope? 𝟑
Steps:
1. Plot the given point
2. Apply the slope
twice on each side
of the given point
Domain:
(−∞, ∞)
___________________
Range:
(−∞, ∞)
_____________________
Given the line from Ex. 2, convert the
equation from Point Slope Form to
Slope Intercept Form
𝟒
𝒚 − 𝟏 = (𝒙 + 𝟑)
𝟑
𝟒
𝒚 −𝟏= 𝒙+𝟒
𝟑
+𝟏 +𝟏
𝟒
𝒚= 𝒙+𝟓
𝟑
𝟒
m = _______
𝟑 𝟓
b = ________
Graph using slope and y -int
Plot the y-intercept (0, 5) on
the y-axis.
Apply the slope (rise over

run), counting from the b
Plot 5 points and draw the

line.
Remember all points on the

line satisfy the equation when
subbed in.
(−∞, ∞)
Domain: _____________ (−∞, ∞)
Range: ______________________
Given the line from Ex. 3, convert the
equation from Slope Intercept Form to
Standard Form
𝟒
𝒚= 𝒙+𝟓
𝟑
𝟒 𝟒
− 𝒙 − 𝒙
𝟑 𝟑
𝟒
− 𝒙+𝒚=𝟓
𝟑
𝟒
−𝟑(− 𝒙 + 𝒚) = 𝟓(−𝟑)
𝟑
𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = −𝟏𝟓
Ex. 4
𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = −𝟏𝟓
Cont. Find x and y intercepts for a quick way
to graph a line.
x-intercept y-intercept
Find (x, 0) sub in y = 0 Find (0, y) sub in x = 0
𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = −𝟏𝟓 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = −𝟏𝟓
𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑(𝟎) = −𝟏𝟓 𝟒(𝟎) − 𝟑𝒚 = −𝟏𝟓
𝟒𝒙 = −𝟏𝟓 Now graph −𝟑𝒚 = −𝟏𝟓
𝟏𝟓 the x and y 𝒚=𝟓
𝒙=− intercepts
𝟒
and connect
𝟏𝟓 y-int : (0,5)
x-int : (− , 𝟎)
𝟒 for a line
Ex. 4 𝟏𝟓 y-int : (0,5)
x-int : − ,𝟎
Cont. 𝟒
Graph using x and y-intercepts Plot the x and y

intercepts and connect
the points to form a line.
Remember any points on

the line satisfy the
equation when subbed in.
(−∞, ∞)
(−∞, ∞) Range: ____________________
Domain: ______________
Maximum and Minimum values
over a given interval
What is a given interval?
The domain or x-values we are looking at on the graph / function
What is a maximum value?

The highest y-value within that x interval
What is a minimum value?

The lowest y-value within that x interval
Sub the following in for “x’ into the given equation:

• Endpoints of the given interval
• X-values (within the given interval) of turns/relative
max/relative mins of the graph
Ex. 5 Given the equation 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟔, find
the minimum and maximum over
the intervals −𝟑, 𝟒 and −𝟏, 𝟕 .
L R L R
𝒇 𝑳 →𝒇 −𝟑 𝒇 𝑳 →𝒇 −𝟏
𝒇 −𝟑 = 𝟕. 𝟓 MAX 𝒇 −𝟏 = 𝟒. 𝟓 MAX
𝒇 𝑹 →𝒇 𝟒 𝒇 𝑹 → 𝒇 𝟕
𝒇 𝟒 = −𝟑 MIN 𝒇 𝟕 = −𝟕. 𝟓 MIN

1.1 - Linear Equations and Functions

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Unit 1

(_, _] [, )

FOR CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS

Slope Intercept Form: 𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒃

Apply the slope (rise over

Plot 5 points and draw the

Remember all points on the

Graph using x and y-intercepts Plot the x and y

Remember any points on

What is a maximum value?

What is a minimum value?

Sub the following in for “x’ into the given equation:

𝒇 𝟒 = −𝟑 MIN 𝒇 𝟕 = −𝟕. 𝟓 MIN

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