PRE TEST

Multiple Choice: Select the letter of the best answer from among
the given choices. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What does the flame test prove about the inner structure of
atom?
A. The atom has a nucleus.
B. The nucleus is positively charged.
C. The electrons are found outside the nucleus.
D. The electrons carry discreet or fixed energy.
Multiple Choice: Select the letter of the best answer from among
the given choices. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.

2. What happens to the energy of an electron as it goes farther

from the nucleus?
A. Its energy increases.
B. Its energy decreases.
C. Its energy becomes fixed.
D. Its energy does not change.
Multiple Choice: Select the letter of the best answer from among
the given choices. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.

3. Copper chloride when heated emits blue light. What is the

origin of this blue light?
A. The nucleus radiates energy.
B. The electron loses energy as it moves around the nucleus.
C. The electron absorbs energy as it jumps to a higher energy
level.
D. An excited electron loses energy as it returns to a lower energy
level
Multiple Choice: Select the letter of the best answer from among
the given choices. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.

4. Which of the following energy levels can accommodate a

maximum of 18
electrons?
A. 1st energy level
B. 2nd energy level
C. 3rd energy level
D. 4th energy level
Multiple Choice: Select the letter of the best answer from among
the given choices. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.

5. An atom with 32 electrons has ______ energy levels.

A. 2 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Have you observed the different colors of light emitted
by this firework?
Firework effects are produced by the combustion of
explosive materials present in fireworks. These explosive
materials are also called metal salts.
Direction: Fill the columns below with the right answer.
Watch the video given by your teacher!
Write your observation in a table:
Anwer the following question

Q1. What can you conclude about the elements and the color of
flame produced?

Q2. If sodium nitrate is change to another salt of sodium, ex.

Sodium chloride (table salt), do you think the color of the flame
would be the same or different? Why?
Whats is it?

Each color of light has a

specific wavelength.
Among the visible light,
red light has the longest
wavelength and has the
lowest energy. Violet
light has the shortest
wavelength and has the
highest energy.
 When compounds of different elements are heated over a flame, it
comes to a point where the hot gaseous atom begins to emit light of a
definite color. Analysis of light given off by the vapors of elements
can be done more precisely with an instrument called spectroscope.
With the use of spectroscope, one can detect a series of narrow lines
or line spectrum on the light given off by an element. The spectral
lines suggest different energy levels in an atom.
How did Neils Bohr explain the spectral lines of an element shown in
the spectroscope?

Each line in the atomic spectra of elements suggest definite energy

transformations within the atom. Bohr stated that electrons are
moving around the nucleus in circular path or orbit at definite
distances from the nucleus.
Electrons in each orbit have definite energy. This energy increases
as the distance of the orbit from the nucleus increases. These
orbits are also known as “shells” or “energy levels” and are
assigned each a number: n=1, n=2, n=3, etc. or letters (K, L, M, N, O,
etc. ).
 As long as the electron stays in its given orbit, there is no
absorption or emission of energy. If the electron received extra
energy, it can jump into a higher energy level, this is also called
excited state. The electron in the excited state can return to its
original lower energy level or ground state by releasing discreet
amount of energy in the form of light.
 Bohr’s atomic model can only describe atomic spectrum of
an atom having only one electron like that of hydrogen. An
Austrian physicist, Erwin Schrodinger together with Werner
Heisenberg and Louis de Broglie made a refinement of Bohr’s
atomic model. Schrödinger used mathematical equations to
describe the possibility of finding an electron in a certain
location this model is known as the quantum mechanical
model of the atom.
 Based on the quantum mechanical model, it would be
impossible to plot a definite path or orbit for the moving
electrons. At least, we can only guess the most probable
location of the electron in a given instant to be within a
certain volume or region of space surrounding the nucleus
An atomic orbital is the region around the nucleus where the
electron is most likely to be found. The atomic orbital serves
as the “house” of the electron. It can accommodate a
maximum of 2 electrons. Aside from the main energy levels
and atomic orbitals, there are also energy sublevels as shown
by the finer lines in the atomic emission spectra of elements.
 This atomic model presented by Bohr is
comparable to a staircase as shown on the
figure below. When you walk up or down
the stairs your feet must hit the steps not
on the empty space between each steps,
otherwise you will be in trouble until you
hit another step. The higher you climb the
stairs; the more energy you need.
Similarly, the electrons can only stay in a
definite energy level and not on the space
between energy levels. The further the
energy level from the nucleus the higher
the energy..
 Activity 1. Refer to the illustration above to
answer the questions below.
1. Similar with the electron, what does the man
require to climb up the stairs?
2. When going up the stairs, is it possible to
reach the top instantly? (represent man as
electron when explaining)
3. What happens to a person attempting to
step on the next level with insufficient energy?
(represent man as electron when explaining)
4. Can electrons occupy any space between
energy levels?
Activity 2. . Complete the table below
Activity 2. . Complete the table below
 ASSIGNMENT!

• Study the electron configuration

• Give three rules are applied in deriving the electron
configuration.