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    Machines

    Uploaded by

    Taerg Semaj

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Machines

    Uploaded by

    Taerg Semaj
    4 views3 pages

    Original Title

    6. Machines

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    4 views3 pages

    Machines

    Uploaded by

    Taerg Semaj

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    (1) An electrical appliance draws 2 A on a 200 V circuit while producing an output of 300 W.

    What is the
    efficiency of the appliance.

    Ans: 𝟕𝟓%

    3
    𝜂 = (300 W)/(2 A × 200 V) = = 75%
    4

    (2) Find the mechanical power that can be delivered by a 24 V DC electric motor when it draws 1 A and
    operates with an efficiency of 80%.

    Ans: 𝟏𝟗 𝐖

    𝑃𝑚 = 𝜂𝑃𝑒 = 0.8 × 24 × 1 A = 19 W

    (3) Find the efficiency of an electrical appliance which draws 5 A on a 200 V circuit while producing an
    output of 900 W.

    Ans: 𝟗𝟎%

    𝜂 = 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 /𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 900 W/(5 A × 200 V) = 90%


    (2) What is the mechanical advantage of an ideal simple machine which requires an effort of 200 N to
    overcome a load of 800 N?

    Ans: 𝟒

    Load
    MA = = 800 N/(200 N) = 4
    Effort

    1. The velocity ratio of a simple machine is 10. Find the distance moved by the load when the
    effort moves 20 cm.
    ANSWER: 𝟐 𝐜𝐦 𝐷load = 𝐷effort /V. R.
    2. Determine the mechanical advantage of a simple machine with a velocity ratio of 20 and an
    efficiency of 80%.
    ANSWER: 𝟏𝟔
    M. A. = V. R.× 𝜂 = 20 × 0.8 = 16
    3. The mechanical advantage of a simple machine is 0.4. Find the effort required to overcome
    a load of 100 N.
    ANSWER: 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐍
    𝐹𝐸 = 𝐹𝐿 ÷ 𝑀. 𝐴. = 100 N ÷ 0.4 = 250 N

    1. What is the mechanical advantage of a simple gear train with a 20 tooth gear driving a 40
    tooth gear?
    ANSWER: 𝟐
    M. A. = Number of teeth on driven gear ÷ Number of teeth on driving gear = 𝑁2 /𝑁1
    = 40/20 = 2
    2. Find the velocity ratio of a simple gear train comprising a 20 tooth gear driving a 40 tooth gear.
    ANSWER: 𝟎. 𝟓
    V. R. = Number of teeth on driving gear ÷ Number of teeth on driven gear
    = 1/M. A. = 0.5
    3. Find the velocity ratio of a simple gear train comprising three gears: a 20 tooth gear driving a 40
    tooth gear which in turn drives an 80 tooth gear.
    ANSWER: 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓
    V. R. = (−𝑁1 /𝑁2 )(−𝑁2 /𝑁3 ) = 𝑁1 /𝑁3 = 20/80 = 0.25
    A hydraulic press has two cylinders of areas 100 cm2 and 20 cm2 .

    1. Find the velocity ratio of the press when the ram cylinder is the large cylinder.
    ANSWER: 𝟓
    VR = 𝐴𝑟 /𝐴𝑓 = 100 cm2 ÷ 20 cm2 = 5
    2. Find the velocity ratio of the press when the ram cylinder is the small cylinder.
    ANSWER: 𝟏/𝟓 = 𝟎. 𝟐
    3. Find the minimum effort required to overcome a load of 100 N when the ram cylinder is the
    large cylinder.
    ANSWER: 𝟐𝟎 𝐍
    𝐹𝑓 = 𝐴𝑓 × 𝐹𝑟 /𝐴𝑟 = 20 cm2 × 100 N ÷ 100 cm2 = 20 N
    1. The velocity ratio of a simple machine is 2. Find the distance moved by the effort when the load
    moves 30 cm.
    ANSWER: 𝟔𝟎 𝐜𝐦
    2. A pair of gears have 100 teeth on the driven wheel and 20 teeth on the driving wheel. Find the
    angular speed of the driven wheel when the driving wheel rotates at 50 rad/s.
    ANSWER: 𝟏𝟎 𝐫𝐚𝐝/𝐬
    3. The velocity ratio of a simple machine is 5. Find the distance moved by the load when the effort
    moves 20 cm.
    ANSWER: 𝟒 𝐜𝐦
    1. Find the efficiency of a 12 V DC motor which draws 0.5 A and produces 3.6 W of mechanical
    output.
    ANSWER: 60%
    𝜂 = 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 /𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 3.6 W ÷ (12 V × 0.5 A) = 60%
    2. The efficiency of a 12 V DC motor which gives a mechanical output of 12 W is 80%. Find the
    current the motor draws.
    ANSWER: 1.25 A
    3. The efficiency of a 2 A DC motor which gives a mechanical output of 15 W is 75%. Find the
    potential difference across its terminals.
    ANSWER: 10 V
    𝑉 = 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 /𝜂𝐼 = 15 W ÷ (0.75 × 2 A) = 10 V

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