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Operating Systems

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18 views8 pages

Operating Systems

Uploaded by

rygen2021
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Operating Systems

Q1. What is OS ?
 OS means Operating system. Its a software component that manages
the hardware components of the systems. It act as an intermediary
between the user applications and the hardware of the systems.
It also ensures that all the hardware components are used efficiently
without any disruption. It provides an interface for users to interact
with the computer system.
(Hardware includes cpu,memory,i/o devices etc)

Kernel--core of the system that controls all the tasks of the system.

Shell—A command line interpreter (CLI) program that executes


commands and scripts that enables users to interact with the OS.

Goals of OS

 Convenience
 User-friendly
 Efficiency , reliability and maintainability
1.Functions of Operating Systems?
 User Interface
 Memory Management
 Process Management
 Hardware Management
 File System Management
 Device management
 Network Management
 Security Management

2.Process ,PCB,Process States and Schedulers

Process :- In computing , a process is a program in execution. Its an


independent entity with its own memory space, resource and program code.

 Each process is different from other.


 Program becomes a process when a executable file load into the
memory.
 Process is an active entity which requires resource like main memory
CPU, registers etc.
PCB(Process Control Block):- PCB is a data structure used by the operating
system to maintain process information. It contains information about
process state, program counter, memory allocation, CPU registers etc.

Schedulers:- Schedulers are important components of OS. They determines


which process will get the available resource and for how long. They handle
the allocation of resources like memory, CPU time etc.

Types :-
 Long-Term Scheduler (Job Scheduler)
 Medium-Term Scheduler
 Short-Term Scheduler(CPU Scheduler)
SM

New
Termination
Long-Term Scheduler Short-Term Scheduler

Ready Running
Dispatch
State
State

Priority/Time CPU
RAM

Medium-Term s.

Waiting
State

Suspend
SM
Block
Dispatcher:- A dispatcher is a module that gives control of the CPU to the
process selected by the short-term scheduler.

Context Switching:- when context switching occurs , the Kernel saves the
context of the old process in its PCB and loads the saved context of new
process scheduled to run.

Scheduling Algorithms:
Questions on CPU Scheduling :-

1.https://mycareerwise.com/content/srtf-process-and-examples/content/
exam/gate/computer-science

2.https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/shortest-remaining-time-first-
preemptive-sjf-scheduling-algorithm/
3.https://www.gatevidyalay.com/round-robin-round-robin-scheduling-
examples/

4. Answer the below question:-


Process Synchronization

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