READING LINKS

A reading workbook in support of the Schools Division of Iloilo’s BHL+ - Bulig

Basa Project for beginning and struggling readers (SY 2021-2022)
Schools Division’s COVID-response mechanism anchored on the SDO-Iloilo
Institutionalized Beyond Horizons for Literacy (BHL) Program and the Regional
Office VI-Literacy Initiatives Bridging Reading Opportunities (LIBRO) program

FRONT COVER STORY

It takes a village to teach a child to read and to become a CHAMPION!

To live up to this mantra, all the stakeholders work together to ensure that
every learner gains high literacy levels during this pandemic, when face-to-face
instructions and assessment validation are great challenges. Partnership and
Bayanihan Spirit are indispensable to address the perennial dilemma in the
educational system of the Philippines – the increasing number of struggling
readers.
Reading Links surely creates a bridge that connects the learners to their
cherished dreams as they become functional literates. The use of this reading
book and the observance of the time-tested tradition of synergy involving
community members in educating our children are believed to make our learners
real champions in society.
Cheno S. Pollan
 READING LINKS

AUTHORS
Alma S. Janagap,EdD

Mary Doris M. Omahay Victoria Fe C. Masculino,PhD Glena Rose T. Regidor

Lizette C. Magcanam Zarah May N. Clarito,EdD Rita M. Bertomo

Rosemarie V. Bayag Therese Marie F. S. Janagap Adonna A. Rojo

ILLUSTRATORS
Ray Chelle M. Tormon Marilyn C. Apas Ronilo I. Ibañez
Joven S. Velasco Anecita M. Guballa Jenny M. Angaray

LAYOUT ARTISTS
Ritchie M. Gancia Lonjane L. Gelogo

COVER DESIGN ARTIST EDITORS

Cheno S. Pollan Ramir C. Torreces, EdD
Mary Clarence G. Madero
Alma S. Janagap, EdD

ADVISER
Eugene L. Mallorca, PhD
PSDS/Project Handler

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * i

 This reading book is dedicated to:

all the learners who want to improve

their literacy skills and achieve
their dreams

and

all the dedicated remedial reading teachers who

choose to become champions in the lives
of the struggling readers.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * ii

 Table of Contents
Title Page i
Copyright ii
Dedication iii
Table of Contents iv
Acknowledgment vi
Introduction vii
Notes to the Teacher viii
Joe’s Bony Buddy 1

UNIT I – Alphabet Knowledge and Blending 6

Lesson 1 Mm, Tt, Ss, Pp, Aa 7

Lesson 2 Ff, Cc, Bb, Hh, Ii 15
Lesson 3 Nn, Dd,Gg, Rr, Oo 21
Lesson 4 Ll, Vv, Yy, Qq, Ee 28
Lesson 5 Jj, Kk, Xx, Ww, Zz, Uu 35
UNIT II – Short Vowel Words in CVC Pattern 42

Lesson 1 Short e Words 43

Lesson 2 Short a Words 62
Lesson 3 Short i Words 80
Lesson 4 Short o Words 96
Lesson 5 Short u Words 113
UNIT III– Two -syllable Words with Short Vowels 129

Lesson 1 Two-Syllable Words 130

UNIT IV– A - Initial Blends 149

Lesson 1 The l blend 150

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * iii

 Lesson 2 The r Blend 164
Lesson 3 The s Blend 179
UNIT IV– B – Final Consonant Blends 194

Lesson 1 The mp blend 195

Lesson 2 The nt blend 210
Lesson 3 The st blend 223
Lesson 4 The nd blend 239
Lesson 5 The ft blend 255
Lesson 6 The lt blend 269
UNIT V - Consonant Digraphs 283

Lesson 1 Beginning sh 284

Lesson 2 Ending sh 315
Lesson 3 Beginning ch 340
Lesson 4 Ending ch 368
UNIT VI - Long Vowel Words 397

Lesson 1 Long a 398

Lesson 2 Long i 417
Lesson 3 Long o 430
Lesson 4 Long u 443
UNIT VII – Vowel Digraphs 455

Lesson 1 Digraph ai 456

Lesson 2 Digraph ay 475
Lesson 3 Digraph ea 492
Lesson 4 Digraph ee 506
Lesson 5 Digraph oa 525

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * iv

 UNIT VIII Vowel Diphthongs

Lesson 1 Diphthong oi 542

Lesson 2 Diphthong oy 558
Lesson 3 Diphthong aw 572
Lesson 4 Diphthong ou 588
Lesson 5 Diphthong ow 608

Dolch Basic Sight Words 627

References 630
Reading Team Production Profiles 632
Back Cover Story 639

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * v

 Acknowledgment

To all of you who made this humble project a reality…

Your unparalleled dedication, commitment to service and
concern for the learners,

We thank you so much, especially that you…

Gave us this chance to share our giftedness

Inspired us to re-ignite enthusiasm

And empowered us to develop champions among us.

May your light will forever shine, never will flicker, and
consume our indifferences

AS WE MOVE FROM OUR COMFORT ZONES TO BECOME THE

CHANGE WE WANT TO SEE IN THE WORLD.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * vi

 INTRODUCTION
Compassion for learners with reading problems and the compelling urgency
of saving them from future misery motivated the authors, all veteran Reading and
English majors, to write Reading Links with the collaboration of the competent layout
artists and illustrators coming from the Schools District of Maasin, Cluster I, Iloilo
Division. Likewise, the dearth of free, complete, and appropriate reading
remediation materials inspired them to spend sleepless nights to expedite the
completion of this simplified and comprehensive reading material.
Originally, this was conceptualized, designed, and used for the reading
remediation intervention of the said district initiated by Dr. Alma S. Janagap, public
schools district supervisor and a seasoned remedial reading teacher. With the desire
to share it with others, the production team offered it for free, to be used in the “Bulig
Basa Project” of the Schools Division of Iloilo.
Difficulty in reading has been a perennial concern in education. During this
unprecedented time, it is not surprising that this dilemma has worsened due to the
absence of face-to-face classes, among other factors. Amidst the literacy
challenges that beset education, this reading book is hoped to serve its purpose,
most especially when used in individual reading remediation sessions at least three
times a week for 30 minutes.
The lessons in this reading book are sequenced by word family. The flow is
based on the recommendations of reading experts which are so designed to address
the learners’ reading deficiencies both in elementary and high school.
Ample and appropriate learning exercises on Alphabet Knowledge,
Phonological Awareness, Phonemic Awareness, Decoding, Spelling, Fluency, and
Reading Comprehension are provided. The directions are so detailed that even an
untrained teacher, volunteer, or any family member would find this to be user-
friendly. Further, even in the absence of a tutor, a learner could also benefit from this
reading material because of the simplicity and clarity of lesson presentations.
In addition, this learning material provides opportunities for the development
of the learners’ listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills.
This is the time when struggling learners need rigid reading remediation to
keep the reading gaps from getting even wider through the years. The urgency of
the situation now calls for passionate remedial reading teachers to light the path of
the problematic readers who seem to be groping in the dark.
Reading Links is meant to relieve the remedial reading teachers from the
burdens of the tedious preparations of reading lessons and visual aids because the
book is complete by itself. Even the busiest teacher or volunteer can find time for
reading remediation using this book, as long as the learner also holds his or her own
copy.
Everyone knows the importance of reading as the foundation of learning. To
help struggling readers gain foundational reading skills is to help them reach their
dreams and be champions in life.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * vii

 Notes to the Reading Teacher

To the Teacher:
Congratulations for making a rewarding decision to be a
remedial reading teacher. You are about to make a difference in
the life of a learner.
Please be reminded that your first reading remediation
engagement with a learner should be light and exciting. To
achieve this, you may begin your session with a storytelling. This is
one way to make the reading recipient know and feel that reading
is fun and interesting so that he or she may be inspired to learn how
to read.
In telling a story, be creative and expressive. Keep the
learner’s interest by involving him or her. How? Pause once in a
while to ask questions and let him or her guess what is likely to
happen next in the story. Likewise, don’t forget to appreciate the
responses to encourage free expression of ideas in a language he
or she is most comfortable with.

A.J.S.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * viii

 JOE’S BONY BUDDY
Alma S. Janagap, EdD

(Do you have a pet? How do you show that you love your pet? Listen
as I tell you a story about Joe and his pet, Bony.)

Joe has a pet dog named Bony. Joe and Bony love
each other dearly. As they wake up early every morning,
Joe and Bony want to soak themselves in the sunshine.
The sun is smiling beautifully as Joe and Bony race to
the river to play with paper boats. “Run, faster Bony,” Joe
yells. “Aw! Aw! Aw!” replies Bony.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 1

 Joe continues jogging along the riverbank as Bony
follows close behind him ready to protect him - his best
friend. Later, Joe realizes that Bony has disappeared.
(Where do you think is Bony? Let’s find out.)

“Bony! Where are you? Come back here!” yells Joe.

“Aw! Aw! Aw!” Bony replies.
Joe spots Bony at a distance running towards black
smoke.
“Mang Romy’s hut is burning! Bony, come back here!”
Joe yells.

Bony does not heed Joe. He continues his way to the

burning hut. He is as swift as a lightning . (Why do you think
Bony runs towards the burning house? Can you guess?)

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 2

 The smoke gets thicker and darker. It spreads in the
surrounding area. Joe gets choked!
“Uho! Uho! Help! Help! Bony! Where are you?” he
inquires. (Do you think something bad happens to Bony? Why do
you say so?)

Soon, the fence breaks open as something pushes it.

It’s Bony dragging Mang Romy’s doe with his mouth.
(Do you know what a doe is? It is a female goat.)

“Aw! Aw!” Bony brags.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 3

 Soon, Mang Romy comes running.
“Oh, my doe!” he cries thinking that it turned into
ashes along with his house.
“Your doe is safe, Mang Romy. Bony saved him,”
explains Joe. (How does Mang Romy feel when he knows that
his doe is safe? Let us see if your guess is right.)

“Meee! Meee!” the doe affirms.

“Aw! Aw! Aw!” Bony celebrates with joy.
“Thank you so much, Bony! You’re a hero,” declares
Mang Romy as he lifts Bony up in the air.

“Aw! Aw! Aw!” replies Bony with joy and pride as he

kisses Joe’s nose with a mole.
Do you like the story? Why? You see, reading is fun!

Editor:
Ramir C. Torreces, EdD
Illustrator:
Armand Glenn S. Lapor

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 4

 A. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1. Who is Joe? Describe him.
2. Who is Bony? Tell something about him.
3. What do Joe and Bony love to do every
morning?
4. While taking a walk along the riverbank, why
does Bony run away from Joe?
5. Explain how Bony saves the doe from the burning
house.
6. What values does Bony show in his heroic deed?
7. How does Mang Romy show appreciation to
Bony?
8. If you happen to witness an incident like that, do
you think you would risk your life like Bony did?
Why?
9. Share your experiences helping others.
10. What have you learned from the story?
B. CREATIVE OUTPUT. Can you draw your pet? If you
don’t have one, you can draw the pet of your brother or
sister. You can also draw the pet you are planning to
have.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 5

 UNIT I
Alphabet Knowledge and Blending

Hello dear learner!

Did you enjoy the
storytelling?
Now, welcome to the
world of Alphabet
and Blending!

The English Alphabet

has 26 letters. These are
divided into five vowels (a,
e, i, o, u) and 21
consonants (the remaining
letters.)
Before you can blend
the sounds and be a good
reader, you need to
master first the names and
sounds of each letter.
Happy learning!
BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 6
 Lesson 1

Mm, Tt, Ss, Pp, Aa.

(The teacher introduces

himself/herself.)
Before we proceed,
let’s get to know each other.
My name is Alma. It is
spelled A-l-m-a, Alma. I am
your reading teacher.
How about you? What’s
your name? Please spell it.
Wow! Very good!

Objectives:
The learning and reading sessions
should enable you to:
1. identify the letters of the alphabet;
2. sound out each letter;
3. write correctly all the big and small letters ;
4. blend the separate sounds of C-V-C words
containing the letters m, t, s, p, and a;
5. identify rhyming words;
6. manipulate sounds in words.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 7

 Reviewing Past Lessons

1. These are the letters of the Alphabet. Can you join

me in naming and sounding them out?

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff
Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll
Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr
Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx
Yy Zz

2. The alphabet

The letters of the alphabet are grouped into two:

a. Vowels (a, e, i, o, u) and
b. Consonants (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t,
v,w, x, y, z)

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 8

 Reminders for the Teacher: Take note of the letters that the
learner fails to name and sound out. Begin this learning journey
by helping the learner to gradually master identifying, sounding
out, blending and writing the letters. Do the modeling first, then
the joint practice, and lastly, the independent practice.
Your teaching pace should depend on the learning
capacity of the learner. Please do not proceed to the next set
of letters or to the next lesson unless the learner has mastered
the letters and sounds on focus.
Above all, be generous with your sincere praises even to
the little successful reading attempts and performances of the
learners.

Mastering Names and Sounds of Mm, Tt, Ss,

Pp, Aa

This is letter Mm as in mango.

Its sound is /m/. Say ‘mmmmm’ - mango. Trace the

big and small letter Mm in the air with your finger. This
time, write them in your notebook.
Look around and give a thing or object that begins
with letter m. I have here money and a leaf. Which one
begins with /m/ - money of leaf? Raise your hand if the
word I say begins with m and put your hand down if it

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 9

 doesn’t. (Call out some words: camera, map, etc.) Say
it again,’mmmmm’. Well done! Let’s proceed to the
next.

This is letter Tt as in ten.

Its sound is /t/. Say ‘t-t-t-t-t’- ten. Trace with your

finger the big and small letter Tt in the air. Then, write
them in your notebook. Show me your ten fingers.
Say “yes” if each word I will call out ends with /t/
and “no” if it doesn’t. Now listen – cat , lip, man . Go
back to the story I read and look for two or more words
that begin with letter t. Say it again, ‘t-t-t-t-t’.
Congratulations!

This is letter Ss as in
sampaguita.

Its sound is /s/. Say ‘sssss’ like a snake. Say sss-

sampaguita. Write the big and small letter Ss in the air
with your finger. Then, write them in your notebook as
you make a sound,’sssss’.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 10

 Who is your friend whose name begins with letter S?
Clap once if I say a word that ends with s and twice if I
say a word that doesn’t end with s. (call out some words:
stop, plants, grass). Say it again, ‘sssss’. Very good! You
are now ready to proceed to the next letter.

This is letter Pp as in pig.

Its sound is /p/. Say ‘p, p, p, p’- pig. Write the big
and small letter Pp in the air with your finger. Then, write
them in your notebook. Name a school supply that
begins with letter p.

Go back to the story I read and look for two or

more words that begin with letter p. Say it again, /p/.
Very good! Let’s move on.

This is letter Aa as in ant.

Its sound is / æ /. Say /æ/ - ant. Write the big and

small letter Aa in the air with your finger. Then write them
in your notebook. What part of your body begins with
letter a?

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 11

 Go back to the story I read and look for two or
more words that begin with letter a. Say it again, /æ/.

Awesome! You are now ready to proceed.

Today, you have learned five letters – m, t, s, p,

and a.

Say again the sound of each. (Point to each of the

four letters.) ‘mmmm’, ‘t-t-t-t’, ‘ssss’, p-p-p-p and æ, æ,
æ, æ.

Blending Sounds of m, t, s, p and a

With the letters we have learned, we can blend two
sounds. Blending means combining the letter sounds
together in sequence.

Look at some examples below. (The teacher

models the blending of the letter sounds. You can
prolong the sounds for emphasis.) Observe me first.
Then, we’ll do it together. Last, you do it by yourself.

ma mmmæææ m a

s a ssssæææ s a

a t æææt-t-t a t
p a p-p-p-æææ p a

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 12

 Now, look! We can form the following words if
we add another letter at the end. (The teacher
models the blending of sounds.)

1. Say each sound (m-æ-t) mat

Blend all the sounds. mmmææætttt

Say the word fast. mat

In this word, what is the initial or beginning sound? Right!
/m/ (mmm)

What is its final or last sound? Yes! /t/ (t-t-t)

Remember that letter names are different from letter

sounds.

2. Say each sound (s-æ-t) sat

Blend all the sound. sssæææ tttt

Say the word fast. sat

3. Say each sound (p-æ-t) pat

Blend all the sounds pppææætttt

Say the word fast pat

What’s the letter sound added above to form the

words? Correct-/ t/!
Now, write the words mat, pat, and sat in your
notebook.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 13

 4. Say each sound (S-æ-m) Sam
Blend all the sounds Sssææmmm

Say the word fast Sam

What’s the sound added at the end of Sa to form a

word? You’re right! It is /m/. What is the initial sound of
Sam? It is /s/.
5. Blend each sound to say the following words:
sap map sat pat tap

7. Which word/s in the chart rhyme or end with the

same sound as sap? as pat?
8. Given the word map, what new word is formed if you
change /m/to /s/? _______Write it in your notebook.
If you change /p/ to /t/, what new word is
formed?_______. Write it in your notebook
8. Can you draw in your notebook an object or thing
that begins with any of these letters? (m, t, s, p and a)
Very good!
Congratulations!
You‘re a fast learner.
Keep mastering your
alphabet and blending!

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 14

 Lesson 2

Ff, Cc, Bb, Hh, Ii

Welcome to another
learning session.
In this lesson, you will
learn the next set of
letters - Ff, Cc, Bb, Hh, Ii.
Mastering their letter
names and sounds would
help you learn to read
more words!

Objectives:
The learning session should enable you to:

1. master the names and sounds of

the following letters: Ff, Cc, Bb, Hh, Ii;
2. blend their sounds to form new words in
consonant-vowel-consonant pattern (C-V-C);
3. read and write the new words formed;
4. identify words from the story that begin with the
indicated letters; and
5. name objects that begin with the
letters Ff, Cc, Bb, Hh, Ii.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 15

 Reviewing Past Lessons
Before we go to our new lesson, give the sound
of each letter: m, t, s, p and a (point to each letter)
Blend the following: p a t , m a p , s a p

Very good! You are now ready to learn the next

set of letters.

Mastering Names and Sounds of Ff, Cc, Bb, Hh, Ii.

This is letter Ff as in fish.

Its sound is /f/. Say ‘fff’- fish. Write the big and small
letter Ff in the air with your finger. Then write them in your
notebook. Who is your family member whose name begins
with letter F? What’s his/her name?
Say “yes” if the following words begin or end with /f/
sound:1) pat, 2) fat, 3) staff ? Very good! Fat and staff
contain the beginning and ending /f/ sound. Say it again,
‘ffff’. Well done!

This is letter Cc as in
carabao.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 16

 This is the hard C sounded as /k/. Say /k-k-k/ -
carabao. Make a letter C out of your hand ( ). Write the
big and small letter Cc in your notebook. Look around and
name a thing that begins with hard c as /k/.
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with hard c sounded /k/. Say it again,
/k/. Good!

This is letter Bb as in ball.

Its sound is /b/. Repeat it three times - /b-b-b/-ball.

Write the big and small letter Bb in your notebook. Trace
letter b in the air with your finger.
What school materials or things do you have that
begin with letter b? Go back to the story I read and look
for two or more words that begin with letter b. Say it again,
‘b-b-b-b’. Right! Let’s proceed to the next.

This is letter Hh as in hat.

Its sound is /h/. Repeat it three times /h-h-h/ - hat.

Write h in the air with your finger. Then, write the big and

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 17

 small letter Hh in your notebook. Look around and name a
thing that begins with letter h.
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter h. Say it again, ‘hhhh’. That’s
good!

This is letter Ii as in ill.

We have the short vowel i with the following phonetic

symbol -/ ɪ /. Say / ɪ / - ill.
Write i in the air with your finger. Write the big and
small letter Ii in your notebook.
Look around and give a thing that begins with letter
i. Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter i. Say it again, ‘ɪ- ɪ- ɪ- ɪ’.

Blending Sounds of f, c, b, h and i

With the letters we have learned in this session, we

can blend two sounds and learn more words. We can also
consolidate other sounds we learned in the past lesson.

Look at some examples below. (The teacher models

the blending of the letter sounds as the learner follows.)

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 18

 fi fffɪ f i

ca kæææ c a

if ɪɪffff i f

h i hɪ h i

b i bɪ b i

Now, look! We can form the following words if we add

another letter at the end. Follow me.

1. Say each sound /f- ɪ -b/ fib

Blend all the sounds. fffiiib

Say the word fast. fib

2. Say each sound /k-æ-b/ cab

Blend all the sounds. kæææb

Say the word fast. cab

3. Say each sound /h- ɪ -t/ hhh i t

Blend all the sounds. hhhiiit

Say the word fast. hit

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 19

 4. Say each sound (b- ɪ -b) bib

Blend all the sounds. bbbiiib

Say the word fast. bib

What are the letter sounds added above to form

words? Correct! /-b/ and /-t/! You can form other words
if you consolidate the letters we studied in the previous
sessions.
5. Blend each sound to say the words in the chart. Letters
in the past lesson are consolidated here.
fit fib god fat pit

6. Which words in the chart rhyme or end with the same

sound?
________________

Very good!
See? Reading is easy
once you put your mind
and heart into it.
Keep it up!

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 20

 Lesson 3

Nn, Dd, Gg, Rr, Oo

Welcome to the next

set of letters to learn - Nn ,
Dd, Gg, Rr and Oo.
Once you have
learned the alphabet and
blending, you will realize
that reading is very easy.
So go ahead. Practice
more by yourself!

Objectives:
The learning session should enable you to:

1. master the names and sounds of

the letters Nn, Dd, Gg, Rr and Oo;
2. blend their sounds to form new words in
consonant-vowel-consonant pattern (C-V-C);
3. read and write the new words formed;
4. identify words from the story that begin with the
indicated letters; and
5. segment the words into their separate sounds.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 21

 Reviewing Past Lessons

Before we go to our new lesson, let us review the

sound of each letter: f, c, b, h, i
Blend the following: c a b , f i b , h i b

What is the beginning sound of cab? fib? hib?

Right! /k/,/f/ and /h/.What is their final or ending
sound? Yes! It’s /b/. Excellent!

Mastering Names and Sounds of Nn, Dd, Gg, Rr

and Oo

Let’s now learn the next set of letters.

This is letter Nn as in narra.

Its sound is /n/. Say ‘nnnnn’ – narra. Trace the big and
small letter Nn in the air with your finger. Then, write them
in your notebook. Look around and name another tree or
plant that begins with letter n.
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter n. Point to the words you’ve
found. Say it again, ‘nnnn’. Very good!

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 22

 This is letter Dd as in dog.

Its sound is /d/. Repeat it three times- ‘d-d-d’ - dog.

Write the big and small letter Dd in the air with your finger.
Write them in your notebook. In your family, who is
someone whose name begins with letter D?
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter d. Then, show to me the words
you have found. Say it again, /d/. Well done! Let’s
proceed.

This is letter Gg as in goat.

Its sound is /g/. Say ‘g-g-g’ – goat. Write the big and
small letter Gg in your notebook. Write them in the air with
your finger. Do you know of an animal whose name begins
with letter g? What is it?
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter g. Say it again, ‘g-g-g-g’. Very
good!

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 23

 This is letter Rr as in rabbit.

Its sound is /r/. Say ‘rrrr’ - rabbit. Write the big and
small Rr in the air with your finger. Then, write them in your
notebook. Do you have a friend whose name begins with
letter r? What’s his/her name?
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter r. Say it again, ‘rrrr’. That’s
correct!

This is letter Oo as in ox.

We have the short vowel / /as in ox. Say ‘ ’ - ox.

Write the big and small Oo in the air with your finger. Write
them in your notebook. What insect begins with letter o?

Go back to the story I read and look for two or more

words that begin with letter o. Say it again, ‘o’. Well done!

Who is your friend whose name begins with any of

these letters? (N, D, G, R, and O)

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 24

 Blending Sounds of n, d, g, r and o
With the letters we have learned in this session, we
can blend two sounds. We can also consolidate other
sounds we learned in the past lesson.

Look at some examples below. (The teacher models

the blending of the letter sounds.) Follow me.

no n no

do d do

ro r ro
Now, look! We can form the following words if we
add another letter at the end. (The teacher models the
blending of sounds.

1. Say each sound (n- -d) nod

Blend all the sounds nnnoood

Say the word fast nod

(The teacher shows how to nod.) Now nod your head.

2. Say each sound (d- -g) dog

Blend all the sounds dooog

Say the word fast dog

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 25

 What sound is added to form new words? Right! /g/

Do you have a pet dog? How does a dog bark?

3. Say each sound (r- -d) rod

Blend all the sounds rrroood

Say the word fast rod

What sound is added to form the word? Right! /d/

4. We can consolidate other sounds in the previous lesson.

Let’s have the following:

Say each sound /d- ɪ -g/ dig

Blend all the sounds. dddiiig

Say the word fast. dig

How does one dig? (The teacher shows how to dig.)

Now, show how to dig in the soil.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 26

 5. Blend each sound to say the words in the chart. Letters
and sounds in the past lesson are consolidated here.
fin lad can pad ran

6. What are the words that rhyme in the above chart?

Read them orally.
7. Break or segment the following words into their
separate sounds.
Example: pin - you say each sound of / p / , / ɪ / , / n /
sad pin dog man tip

Wow! You’re amazing!

You have easily mastered
these lessons.
Have fun learning the next
ones!

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 27

 Lesson 4

Ll, Vv, Yy, Qq, Ee

Hello! How are you

doing?
I know you are
enjoying the lessons.
Welcome to the next
set of letters to learn - Ll,
Vv, Yy, Qq, Ee.
Keep learning!

Objectives:
The learning session should enable you to:

1. master the names and sounds of the

following letters – Ll, Vv, Yy, Qq, Ee;
2. blend their sounds to form new words in
consonant-vowel-consonant pattern (C-V-C);
3. read and write the new words formed;
4. identify words from the story that begin with the
indicated letters; and
5. identify rhyming words.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 28

 Reviewing Past Lessons

Let us review the past lesson. Give the sound of

each letter: n, d, g, r, and o
Blend the following: n o d , d o g god

Well done! Congratulations!

Mastering Names and Sounds of Ll, Vv, Yy, Qq, Ee

This is letter Ll as in lion.

Its sound is /l/. Say ‘llll’ – lion. Write Ll in the air with your
finger. Then, write the big and small letter Ll in your
notebook.
Look around and name an object that begins with
letter l. Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter l. Say it again, ‘llll’. Very good!
Let’s proceed to the next letter.
Are you now ready to learn the next set of words? I
know you are.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 29

 This is letter Vv as in van.

Its sound is /v/. Say ‘v-v-v’ -van. Write the big and
small letter Vv in the air with your finger, then with your pen
in your notebook. Who is your friend whose name begins
with letter v?
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with v. Say it again, /v/. Well done! Let’s
proceed to the next lesson.
Can you give other words that begin with letter V?

This is letter Yy as in yoyo.

Its sound is / y /. Say ‘y-y-y’ -yoyo. Write the big and

small letter Yy in the air with your finger. Then write them in
your notebook. Can you name a toy that begins with letter
y?

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 30

 Go back to the story I read before and look for two or
more words that begin with letter y. Say it again, three
times ‘y-y-y’. Congratulations!

This is letter Qq as in queen.

Its sound is /q/. Say ‘q-q-q’(kwa)- queen. Trace the big

and small letter Qq in the air with your finger. Then, write
them in your notebook.
Look around and give a thing that begins with letter
q. Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter q. Say it again three times,
‘qqq’. That’s right!

This is letter Ee as in egg.

Its sound is /e/. Say ‘eee’-egg. With your finger, trace

the big and small letter Ee in the air. Then, write them in
your notebook.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 31

 Look around and give a thing that begins with letter e.
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more words
that begin with letter e. Say it again, ‘e’. Excellent!

Blending Sounds of l , v , y , q and e

With the letters we have learned in this session, we
can blend two sounds. We can also consolidate other
sounds we learned in the past lesson.

Look at some examples below. (The teacher models

the blending of the letter sounds.) Follow me.

le leee l e

ve veee v e

ye yeee y e
v a vææ v a

We can form some words if we add another letter at

the end. (The teacher models the blending of sounds.)

1. Say each sound /l- ɪ -p/ lip

Blend all the sounds. llliiip

Say the word fast. lip

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 32

 2. Say each sound /v-e-t/ vet
Blend all the sounds. veeet

Say the word fast. vet

3. Say each sound /p-e-t/ pet

Blend all the sounds. pppeeet

Say the word fast. pet

What sound is added on the first three examples? Yes, /t/.

4. Say each sound (v-æ-n) van

Blend all the sounds. vvvaaannn

Say the word fast. van

What sound is added to the words above to form the

word? Correct! /n/. You can form more words if you
consolidate the letters and sounds that we studied in the
previous sessions.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 33

 5. Blend each letter and read fast the words in the chart.
Letters in the past lesson are consolidated here.
led yet hen vet let
pat get lad led mat
met pet ten leg tap
van leg yam lot bet
net hen set den Tam

9. Listen as I read the underlined words in the chart. They

are rhyming words or words ending with the same
sound. What other words in the chart rhyme with vet,
get and pet? Read them. What are other words in the
chart that rhyme with ten?

Congratulations!
How do you feel now that you
have already learned to blend, read
and understand many words?
I know you feel great! Keep up
the good work!

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 34

 Lesson 5

Jj, Kk, Xx, Ww, Zz ,Uu

Hi! You have reached

this far.

Congratulations!
You’re up for the last set of
letters to learn- Jj, Kk, Xx,
Ww, Zz and Uu.

Happy reading!

Objectives:
The learning session should enable you to:

1. master the names and sounds of

the following letters: Jj, Kk, Xx, Ww, Zz, Uu;
2. blend their sounds to form new words in
consonant-vowel-consonant pattern (C-V-C);
3. read and write the new words formed;
4. identify words from the story that begin with the
indicated letters; and
5. segment words into separate sounds.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 35

 Reviewing Past Lessons

Let us review the past lesson. Give the sound of each

letter I will point: l, v, y, q and e
Blend the following: l e v , y e ll , vet

Good job! Congratulations!

Mastering Names and Sounds of Jj, Kk, Xx, Ww,

Zz, Uu

This is letter Jj as in jar.

Its sound is / /. Say / /-jar. Write j in the air with your

finger. Then, write the big and small letter Jj in your
notebook. Look around and give a thing that begins with
letter j.
Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter j. Say it again, / /. Right!

This is letter Kk as in kite.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 36

 Its sound is /k/. Say /k/-kite. Write the big and small
letter Kk in the air with your finger, then write them in your
notebook with your pen or pencil.
Look around and give a thing that begins with k. Go
back to the story I read and look for two or more words
that begin with hard k. Say it again, /k/. Can you give
other words that begin with letter k?
Very good! Let’s proceed to the next lesson.

This is letter Xx as in X-ray.

The sound of this letter is /x/. Say /x/. Write the big and
small letter Xx in the air with your finger, and later in your
notebook with your pen.
Can you name things that begin with letter x? Go
back to the story I read before and look for two or more
words that begin with letter x. Say it again, three times ‘x-
x-x’. Congratulations!

This is letter Ww as in web.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 37

 Its sound is /w/. Say /w/ - web. With your finger, write
the big and small letter Ww in the air. Then write them in
your notebook.
Look around and name a thing that begins with letter
w. Clap once if the following words I will say begin or end
with w – water, cow, star . Say it again three times, ‘www’.
Very good! Let’s proceed to the next.

This is letter Zz as in zipper.

Its sound is /z/. Say /z/ - zipper. Trace the big and
small letter Zz in the air with your finger. Then, write them in
your notebook.

Look around and name a thing that begins with letter

z. Go back to the story I read and look for two or more
words that begin with letter z. Say it again, ‘zzz’. It’s like a
buzzing bee. Perfect!

This is letter Uu as in umbrella.

It’s the short u. The phonetic symbol of its sound is / /.

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 38

 This sosounds like/ / as in sun. Say / / - umbrella. Write
the big and small letter Uu in your notebook. Look around
and give a thing that begins with letter u. Say it again, ‘^’.
Very good!

Blending Sounds of j, k, x, w, z, and u

Again, let’s practice blending the letter sounds we

have learned. We can also consolidate other sounds in
the past lesson.
Look at some examples below. (The teacher models
the blending of the letter sounds.)
up ppp up

zi zzzi z i

fo fff f o
ox x o x
Look at the new words we can form if we add
another letter at the end. (The teacher models the
blending of sounds.)

1. Say each sound /z-i -p/ zip

Blend all the sounds. zzziiip

Say the word fast. zip

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 39

 2. Say each sound /f- -x/ fox

Blend all the sounds. fffooox

Say the word fast. fox

3. Say each sound /c- -t/ cut

Blend all the sounds. cuuut

Say the word fast. cut

What is the final sound you can hear in cut?

That’s right! /t/.

4. Say each sound (w-e -b) web

Blend all the sounds weeeb

Say the word fast web

What is the beginning sound you can hear in web?

That’s right! /b/. You can form more words if you
consolidate the letters and sounds we studied in the
previous sessions.

Blending Drills
A. Blend the following two-letter sounds:
1 2 3 4 5

ma po ta wi di
ba pi sa la be
me ti he pu fa

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 40

 wi go do ma ga
la de ca ro ha
ve ra be ye ca
fa me we ya si

B. Blend the sound of each letter to say the following

words:
1 2 3 4 5
bet mad hid sod put

rod tin led pan dog

man hat sis had hen
fib bat can fat bib
zip god let sun cat
yet can up bet den

C. What are the individual sounds that you hear in the

following words? Please sound out each of them.

1. l a d 2. r u n 3. d o g 4. s a t

Excellent!
See? You have done
it! You are now ready to
read more words.
Congratulations!

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 41

BHL+ - BULIG BASA PROJECT Reading Links * 42