TOP 200 IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

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1. _______ is referred to as "the father of research on teaching"?

a) N. L. Gage

b) David Berliner

c) Egon Brunswik

d) Donald T. Campbell

Answer: a. N. L. Gage

2. The main purpose of research in education is to _________

a) Increase social status of an individual

b) Increase job prospects of an individual

c) Help in the personal growth of an individual

d) Help the candidate become an eminent educationist

Answer: d. Help the candidate become an eminent educationist

3. _______ refers to inferring about the whole population based on the

observations made on a small part
a) Pseudo-inference

b) Objective inference

c) Inductive inference

d) Deductive inference

Answer: c. Inductive inference

4. Sampling is advantageous as it ________

a) Saves time

b) Helps in capital-saving

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Increases accuracy

Answer: c. Both (a) and (b)

5. Random sampling is helpful as it is __________

a) Reasonably accurate

b) Free from personal biases

c) An economical method of data collection

d) All the above

Answer: d. All the above

6. Tippit table refers to ____________

a) Table of random digits

b) Table used in sampling methods

c) Table used in statistical investigations

d) All the above

Answer: d. All the above

7 . Type-I Error occurs if ___________________

a) The null hypothesis is rejected even though it is true

b) The null hypothesis is accepted even though it is false

c) Both the null hypothesis as well as alternative hypothesis are rejected

d) None of the above

Answer: a. the null hypothesis is rejected even though it is true

8. _________ is a preferred sampling method for the population with finite

size

a) Systematic sampling

b) Purposive sampling

c) Cluster sampling

d) Area sampling

Answer: a. Systematic sampling

9. Research and Development become the index of development of country.

Which of the following reasons are true with regards to this statement?

a) Because R&D targets the human development

b) Because R&D can improve the standard of living of the people in a country

c) Because R&D reflect the true economic and social conditions prevailing in a
country
d) All the above
Answer: d. All the above

10. Which of the following is not an essential element of report writing?

a. Research Methodology

b. Reference

c. Conclusion

d. None of these

Answer: d. None of these

11. Testing hypothesis is a ________

a. Inferential statistics

b. Descriptive statistics

c. Data preparation

d. Data analysis

Answer: a. inferential statistics

12. Is it possible to apply projective techniques for exploratory investigation?

a. Yes

b. No

Answer: a. Yes

13. What is the purpose of doing research?

a. To identify problem

b. To find the solution

c. Both a and b
d. None of these

Answer: c. Both a and b

14. Which method can be applicable for collecting qualitative data?

a. Artifacts (Visual)

b. People

c. Media products (Textual, Visual and sensory)

d. All of these

Answer: d. All of these

15. Which of the following is non-probability sampling?

a. Snowball

b. Random

c. Cluster

d. Stratified

Answer: a. Snowball

16. In group interview there are _______

a. One interviewer and one interviewee

b. More than one interviewer and one interviewee

c. One interviewer and more than one interviewee

d. More than One interviewer and more than one interviewee

Answer: c. one interviewer and more than one interviewee

17. Which of the following are associated with behavioral observation?

a. Non-verbal analysis

b. Linguistic analysis

c. spatial analysis

d. All of these

Answer: d. All of these

18. Uniting various qualitative methods with quantitative methods can be

called as……..

a. Coalesce

b. Triangulation

c. Bipartite

d. Impassive

Answer: b. Triangulation

19. Multistage sampling is a ________

a. Probability sampling

b. Non-Probability sampling

Answer: a. Probability sampling

20. Hypothesis is..........

a) Conclusion drawn from existing literature

b) Interpretation of data

c) Relation between variables

d) Comparison of assumptions

Answer: (B) Interpretation of data

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21. In which of the following research methodologies, manipulation and

control of variables and randomization of sample are 2 of the basic
necessities..........

a) Ex-post facto research

b) Descriptive research

c) Case study research

d) Experimental research

Answer: (d) Experimental research

22. Which one of the following is the main feature of qualitative

research?..........

a) Avoids positivist assumptions and data analysis

b) Subscribe to pre-existing categories

c) Collects data in numerical form

d) Uses the empirical methods of data analysis

Answer: (a) Avoids positivist assumptions and data analysis

23. Which of the following methodology is being used in empirical researches?

..........

a) Inductive method
b) Deductive method

c) Initiative method

d) Scientific method

Answer: (d) Scientific method

24. Which technique is generally followed when a population is finite? .......

a) Purpose sampling technique

b) Area sampling technique

c) Systematic sampling technique

d) None of the above

Answer: (c) Systematic sampling technique

25. In which of the following, there is a greater flexibility in both the

methodologies and process of research? .........

a) Ethnography and phenomenology

b) Descriptive survey and impact studies

c) Experimental and observation based studies

d) Ex-post facto and historical studies

Answer: (a) Ethnography and phenomenology

26. Which of the following sequences correctly represents the steps of research
using a quantitative paradigm? ........

a) Hypothesis framing, hypothesis testing, conclusion, and reporting

b) Establishing a research problem, hypothesis framing, hypothesis testing,

generalization and conclusions and implications of result.
c) Problem identification, sample selection, developing a research design and field
work.

d) Defining a problem, survey of related studies, sampling, data collection, and

data analysis.

Answer: (b) Establishing a research problem, hypothesis framing, hypothesis

testing, generalization and conclusions and implications of result.

27. A researcher administers an achievement test to assess and indicate the

possible effect of an independent variable in his/her study. The distribution of
scores on the test is found to be negatively skewed. On the basis of this, what
can be started with regard to the difficulty level of the test? .........

a) The test is very easy

b) The test is very difficult

c) The test is neither easy nor difficult

d) The test is easy and needs normalization

Answer: (a) The test is very easy

28. The personalized and contextualized references are permissible in which

type of reporting of researches? ........

a) Experimental research

b) Historical research

c) Ethnographic research
d) Survey based research

Answer: (c) Ethnographic research

29. In which of the following methodology of research, hypotheses are usually

implied rather than being explicit? ........

a) Descriptive survey method

b) Historical method

c) Experimental method

d) Ex-post facto method

Answer: (b) Historical method

30. Which is the research methodology predominantly used to study cultural

anthropology? ........

a) Interview

b) Panel discussion

c) Participant observation

d) Focus group discussion

Answer: (c) Participant observation

31. Which among the following is NOT related to qualitative research? ........

a) Thematic analysis

b) Case study

c) Discourse analysis

d) Survey method

Answer: (d) Survey method

32. Experimental researches are aimed to........

a) Establish association between variables

b) Describe variables

c) Study the application of theory

d) Study trend analysis

Answer: (a) Establish association between variables

33. Through which of the following methodologies of research “cause and

effect” relationship is focused?

a) Historical method

b) Experimental method

c) Ex-post facto method

d) Case study method

Answer: (b) Experimental method

34. Quantitative research is otherwise known as ........

a) Ethnographic approach

b) Unstructured approach

c) Descriptive approach

d) Structured approach

Answer: (d) Structured approach

35. The main purpose of research in education is to........

a) Increase social status of an individual

b) Increase job prospects of an individual

c) Help in the personal growth of an individual

d) Help the candidate become an eminent educationist

Answer: (d) Help the candidate become an eminent educationist

36. Sampling is advantageous as it..........
a) Saves time

b) Helps in capital-saving

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Increases accuracy

Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)

37. Random sampling is helpful as it is.........

a) Reasonably accurate

b) Free from personal biases

c) An economical method of data collection

d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

38. ------------ refers to inferring about the whole population on the basis of
the observations made on a small part
a) Pseudo-inference

b) Objective inference

c) Inductive inference

d) Deductive inference

Answer: (c) Inductive inference

39. Different people hold ------------- of the same thing

a) Same and different

b) Same
c) Different

d) None of the above

Answer: (c) Different

40. In “RESEARCH” “R” means..........

a) Role

b) Retain

c) Relly

d) Round

Answer: (b) Retain

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41. In which research methodology, manipulation of independent variable and

control of extraneous variables are neither possible nor desirable? ..........

a) Experimental method

b) Ex post facto method

c) Historical method

d) Descriptive survey method

Answer: (b) Ex post facto method

42. Which of the following is a non-probability sample?

a) Quota sample

b) Simple random sample

c) Purposive sample

d) (a) and (c) both

Answer: (d) (a) and (c) both

43. A researcher selects a probability sample of 100 out of the total population.
It is .........

a) A cluster sample

b) A random sample

c) A systematic sample

d) A stratified sample

Answer: (b) A random sample

44. A good hypothesis must be .........

a) Formulated in such a way that it can be tested by the data

b) Precise, specific, and consistent with most known facts

c) Of limited scope and must not have global significance

d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

45. Field study is related to .........

a) Real life situations

b) Laboratory situations

c) Experimental situations

d) None of the above

Answer: (a) Real life situations

46. In the word “RESEARCH” “A” means..........

a) Articulate

b) Artist

c) Article

d) None of the above

Answer: (a) Articulate

47. Research is based upon ........

a) Rating scale

b) Experiments

c) General principles

d) Scientific methods

Answer: (d) Scientific methods

48. The main condition which must be followed by research is ..........

a) Honest exploration

b) Knowledge of facts and principles

c) Standardized findings and conclusions

d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

49. Researches are generally treated as “identity symbols” of a nation because,

........
a) Researches reflect the progress of a nation
b) Researches focus on human development

c) Researches help in acquiring international prestige

d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

50. Validity of a research can be improved by .........

a) Taking the true representative sample of the population

b) Eliminating extraneous factors

c) Both of the above measures

d) None of the above

Answer: (c) Both of the above measures

51. “One of the methods of logical reasoning process” is called

a) Induction

b) Deduction

c) Research

d) Experiment

Answer: d) Experiment

52. An essential Criterion of Scientific study is called

a) Belief

b) Value

c) Objectivity

d) Subjective
Answer: c) Objectivity

53. “Reasoning from general to particular “is called

a) Induction

b) deduction

c) Observation

d) experience

Answer: b) deduction

54. “Deduction and induction are a part of the system of reasoning” – stated
by

a) Caroline

b) P.V.Young

c) Dewey John

d) Emory

Answer: b) P.V.Young

55. …… is “systematically conceptual structure of interrelated elements in

some schematic form”

a) Concept

b) Variable

c) Model

d) Facts

Answer: c) Model

56. The method by which a sample is chosen

a) Unit

b) design

c) Random

d) Census

Answer: b) design

57. Research conducted to find the solution for an immediate problem is

………….

a) Fundamental Research

b) Analytical Research

c) Survey

d) Action Research

Answer: d) Action Research

58. Fundamental Research is otherwise called

a) Action Research

b) Survey

c) Pilot study

d) Pure Research

Answer: d) Pure Research

59. Research which follows a case study method is called

a) Clinical or diagnostic
b) Causal

c) Analytical

d) Qualitative

Answer: a) Clinical or diagnostic

60. Research through experiment and observation is called

a) Clinical Research

b) Experimental Research

c) Laboratory Research

d) Empirical Research

Answer: d) Empirical Research

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61. …………is a way to systematically solve the research problem

a) Technique

b) Operations

c) Research methodology

d) Research Process

Answer: c) Research methodology

62. Good Research is always ……………

a) Slow

b) Fast

c) Narrow

d) Systematic

Answer: d) Systematic

63.The research method is a part of …………..

a) Problem

b) Experiment

c) Research Techniques

d) Research methodology

Answer: d) Research methodology

64. Identifying causes of a problem and possible solutions to a problem is

a) Field Study

b) diagnostic study

c) Action study

d) Pilot study

Answer: b) diagnostic study

65. …………… is a motivation for research in students

a) Research degree
b) Research Academy

c) Research Labs

d) Research Problems

Answer: a) Research degree

66. Which of the following is an example of primary data?

a) Book

b) Journal

c) News Paper

d) Census Report

Answer: c) News Pape

67. A question which requires a solution is ………….

a) Observation

b) Problem

c) Data

d) Experiment

Answer: b) Problem

68. Converting a question into a Researchable problem is called …………

a) Solution

b) Examination
c) Problem formulation

d) Problem-Solving

Answer: d) Problem-Solving

69. The first step in formulating a problem is

a) a Statement of the problem

b) Gathering of Data

c) Measurement

d) Survey

Answer: a) a Statement of the problem

70. A Hypothesis which develops while planning the research is

a) a Null Hypothesis

b) a Working Hypothesis

c) a Relational Hypothesis

d) a Descriptive Hypothesis

Answer: a) Null Hypothesis

71. An image, perception, or concept that is capable of measurement is

called__________

a) Scale.

b) Hypothesis.

c) Type.

d) Variable
Answer: d) Variable

72. What are the conditions in which Type-I error occurs?

a) The null hypothesis get accepted even if it is false

b) The null hypothesis gets rejected even if it is true

c) Both the null hypotheses as well as alternative hypotheses are rejected

d) None of the above

Answer: b) The null hypothesis gets rejected even if it is true

73. In order to pursue the research, which of the following is priory required?

a) Developing a research design

b) Formulating a research question

c) Deciding on the data analysis procedure

d) Formulating a research hypothesis

Answer: b) Formulating a research question

74. How to judge the depth of any research?

a) By research title

b) By research duration

c) By research objectives

d) By total expenditure on research

Answer: c) By research objectives

75. Which of the following is not the method of Research?

a) Survey

b) Historical

c) Observation

d) Observation

Answer: c) Observation

76. Research is

a) Searching again and again

b) Finding solution to any problem

c) Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem

d) None of the above

Answer: c) Working in a scientific way to search for the truth of any problem

77. In the process of conducting research ‘Formulation of Hypothesis” is

followed by

a) Statement of Objectives

b) Analysis of Data

c) Selection of Research Tools

d) Collection of Data

Answer: c) Selection of Research Tools

78.……………… is concerned with discovering and testing certain variables

with respect to their association or disassociation

a) Exploratory
b) Descriptive

c) Diagnostic

d) Descriptive and diagnostic

Answer: c) Diagnostic

79. The main objective of ……studies to acquire knowledge

a) Exploratory

b) Descriptive

c) Diagnostic

d) Descriptive and Diagnostic

Answer: B) Descriptive

80. One of the terms given below is defined as a bundle of meanings or

characteristics associated with certain events, objects, conditions, situations,
and the like

a) Construct

b) Definition

c) Concept

d) Variable

Answer: c) Concept

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81. Concepts are ……………. of Research
a) Guide

b) Tools

c) Methods

d) Variables

Answer: b) Tools

82. Concept is of two types

a) Abstract and Coherent

b) Concrete and Coherent

c) Abstract and concrete

d) None of the above

Answer: c) Abstract and concrete

83. Why do you need to review the existing literature?

a) To make sure you have a long list of references

b) Because without it, you could never reach the required word-count

c) To find out what is already known about your area of interest

d) To help in your general studying

Answer: c) To find out what is already known about your area of interest

84. What do you mean by Unit of Analysis?

a) Main parameter

b) Variables
c) Sample

d) Constructs

Answer: a) Main parameter

85. A statement of the quantitative research question should:

a) Extend the statement of purpose by specifying exactly the question (s the

researcher will address

b) Help the research in selecting appropriate participants, research methods,

measures, and materials

c) Specify the variables of interest

d) All the above

Answer: d) All the above

86. "Sampling Cases" can be defined as

(a) Sampling using a sampling frame

(b) Identifying people who are suitable for research

(c) Literally the researcher's brief case

(d) A sampling of people, newspapers, television programs etc.

Answer: (d) A sampling of people, newspapers, television programs etc.

87. Survey is a ……………. Study

a) Descriptive

b) Fact finding

c) Analytical
d) Systematic

Answer: b) Fact finding

88. In a survey there is an enumerator and a ………………….

a) Guide

b) Respondent

c) Supervisor

d) Messenger

Answer: b) Respondent

89. The first purpose of a survey is to …………

a) Description

b) Evaluation

c) Pration

d) Provide Information

Answer: d) Provide Information

90. Questions in which only two alternatives are possible is called

b) Multiple-choice questions

c) Dichotomous questions

d) Open-ended questions

e) Structured questions

Answer: b) Dichotomous questions

91. What are the core elements of a Research Process?

a) Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and

Recommendations

b) Executive Summary; Literature Review; Data Gathered; Conclusions;

Bibliography

b) Research Plan; Research Data; Analysis; References

c) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussions

and Conclusions

Answer: d) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results;

Discussions and Conclusions

92. Identifying the causes of a problem and possible solutions to a problem is

a) Field Study

b) Diagnosis tic study

c) Action study

d) Pilot study

Answer: b) Diagnosis tic study

93. Second step in problem formulation is

a) Statement of the problem

b) Understanding the nature of the problem

c) Survey

d) Discussions

Answer: b) Understanding the nature of the problem

94. Questionnaire is filled by ……………….

 b) Respondent

c) Everybody

d) Enumerator

e) None of the above

Answer: b) Respondent

95. The main problem with the questionnaire is

a) Accessible to Diverse Respondents

b) Greater Anonymity

c) Shows an inability of the respondent to provide information

d) None of these

Answer: c) Shows an inability of the respondent to provide information

96. What does the term 'longitudinal design' mean?

a) A study completed far away from where the researcher lives.

b) A study that is very long to read.

c) A study with two contrasting cases.

d) A study completed over a distinct period of time to map changes in social

phenomena.

Answer: d) A study completed over a distinct period of time to map changes in

social phenomena.

97. Which of the following is true regarding research objectives?

a) Research objectives, when achieved, will provide sufficient earnings to obtain a

reasonable return on investment.
b) Research objectives, when obtained, will ensure the viability of the marketing
research department.

c) Research objectives, when achieved, provide the information necessary to solve

the problem.

d) Research objectives are seldom achieved but should be stated as goals to be

sought.

Answer: c) Research objectives, when achieved, provide the information

necessary to solve the problem.

98. Wrong questionnaire is an example of ………

a) Primary data collection problem

b) Secondary collection problem

c) A and B both

d) None of the above

Answer: a) Primary data collection problem

99.The existing company information is an example of which data?

a) Primary

b) Secondary

c) Both a and b

d) None of the above

Answer: b) Secondary

100. Your colleague is confused about using the marketing research process, as
he knows that something is wrong but is not sure of the specific causes to
investigate. He seems to be having problems with ________, which is often the
hardest step to take.
 a) Developing the research plan

b) Determining a research approach

c) Defining the problem and research objectives

d) Selecting a research agency

Answer: c) Defining the problem and research objectives

101. The research that applies the laws at the time of field study to draw more
and more clear ideas about the problem is:

(a) Applied research

(b) Action research

(c) Experimental research

(d) None of these

Answer: (a) Applied research

102. Which of the following sampling methods is appropriate to study the

prevalence of AIDS amongst males and females in India in 1976, 1986, 1996,
and 2006?

(a) Cluster sampling

(b) Systematic sampling

(c) Quota sampling

(d) Stratified random sampling

Answer: (b) Systematic sampling

103. Field-work-based research is classified as
(a) Empirical

(b) Historical

(c) Experimental

(d) Biographical

Answer: (a) Empirical

104. Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in

(a)Survey method

(b)Historical studies

(c)Experimental studies

(d)Normative studies

Answer: (b) Historical studies

105. Which one is called non-probability sampling?

(a) Cluster sampling

(b) Quota sampling

(c) Systematic sampling

(d) Stratified random sampling

Answer: (b) Quota sampling

106. The experimental study is based on

(a) The manipulation of variables

(b) Conceptual parameters

(c) Replication of research

(d) Survey of literature

Answer: (a) The manipulation of variables

107. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) Reliability ensures the validity

(b) Validity ensures reliability

(c) Reliability and validity are independent of each other

(d) Reliability does not depend on objectivity

Answer: (c) Reliability and validity are independent of each other

108. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) Objectives of research are stated in the first chapter of the thesis

(b) Researcher must possess analytical ability

(c) Variability is the source of the problem

(d) All the above

Answer: (d) All the above

109. The first step of research is

(a) Selecting a problem

(b) Searching a problem

(c) Finding a problem

(d) Identifying a problem

Answer: (d) Identifying a problem

110. Research can be classified as

(a) Basic, Applied and Action Research

(b) Philosophical, Historical, Survey and Experimental Research

(c) Quantitative and Qualitative Research

(d) All the above

Answer: (d) All the above

111. To test the null hypothesis, a researcher uses

(a) t-test

(b) ANOVA

(c) X2

(d) factorial analysis

Answer: (b) ANOVA

112. Bibliography given in a research report

(a) shows a vast knowledge of the researcher

(b) helps those interested in further research

(c) has no relevance to research

(d) all the above

Answer: (b) helps those interested in further research

113. A research problem is feasible only when

(a) it has utility and relevance

 (b) it is researchable

(c) it is new and adds something to the knowledge

(d) all the above

Answer: (d) all the above

114. The study in which the investigators attempt to trace an effect is known
as

(a) Survey Research

(b) Summative Research

(c) Historical Research

(d) ‘Ex-post Facto’ Research

Answer: (d) ‘Ex-post Facto’ Research

115. A generalized conclusion based on a sample is technically known as

(a) Data analysis and interpretation

(b) Parameter inference

(c) Statistical inference

(d) All of the above

Answer: (a) Data analysis and interpretation

116. Fundamental research reflects the ability to

(a) Synthesize new ideals

(b) Expound new principles

(c) Evaluate the existing material concerning research

 (d) Study the existing literature regarding various topics

Answer: (b) Expound new principles

117. The main characteristics of scientific research are

(a) empirical

(b) theoretical

(c) experimental

(d) all of the above

Answer: (d) all of the above

118. The authenticity of a research finding is its

(a) Originality

(b) Validity

(c) Objectivity

(d) All of the above

Answer: (c)Objectivity

119. Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite?

(a)Area Sampling Technique

(b)Purposive Sampling Technique

(c)Systematic Sampling Technique

(d)None of the above

Answer: (c) Systematic Sampling Technique

120. The research problem is selected from the standpoint

(a)Researcher’s interest

(b)Financial support

(c)Social relevance

(d)Availability of relevant literature

Answer: (c) Social relevance

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beginning to the end. You can now connect with the professionals by dialing
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121. The research intends to explore the possible factors that contribute to the
organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method
will be most appropriate for this study?

(a) Descriptive survey method

(b) Historical method

(c) Ex-post facto method

(d) Experimental method

Answer: (c) Ex-post facto method

122. Research is
(a)Searching again and again

(b)Finding a solution to any problem

(c)Working scientifically to search for the truth of any problem

(d)None of the above

Answer: (c)Working scientifically to search for the truth of any problem

123. A common test in research demands much priority on
(a)Reliability

(b)Usability

(c)Objectivity

(d)All of the above

Answer: (d)All of the above

124. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?

(a)Searching sources of information to locate the problem.

(b)Survey of related literature

(c)Identification of the problem

(d)Searching for solutions to the problem

Answer: (c)Identification of the problem

125. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a)Reliability ensures the validity

(b)Validity ensures reliability

(c)Reliability and validity are independent of each other

(d)Reliability does not depend on objectivity

Answer: (c)Reliability and validity are independent of each other

126. Which of the following indicates evaluation?

(a)Ram got 45 marks out of 200

(b)Mohan got 38 percent marks in English

(c)Shyam got First Division in the final examination

(d)All the above

Answer: (d)All the above

127. Research can be conducted by a person who?

(a)has studied research methodology

(b)holds a postgraduate degree

(c)possesses thinking and reasoning ability

(d)is a hard worker

Answer: (a)has studied research methodology

128. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a)Objectives of research are stated in the first chapter of the thesis

(b)Researcher must possess analytical ability

(c)Variability is the source of the problem

(d)All the above

Answer: (d)All the above

129. Which of the following is not the Method of Research?

(a)Observation

(b)Historical

(c)Survey

(d)Philosophical

Answer: (a)Observation
130. Research can be classified as

(a)Basic, Applied and Action Research

(b)Quantitative and Qualitative Research

(c)Philosophical, Historical, Survey and Experimental Research

(d)All the above

Answer: (d)All the above

131. The first step of research is:

(a)Selecting a problem

(b)Searching for a problem

(c)Finding a problem

(d)Identifying a problem

Answer: (d)Identifying a problem

132. To test the null hypothesis, a researcher uses:

(a)t-test

(b)ANOVA

(c)X2

(d)factorial analysis

Answer: (b)ANOVA

133. A research problem is feasible only when:

(a)it has utility and relevance

(b)it is researchable

(c)it is new and adds something to the knowledge

(d)all the above

Answer: (d)all the above

134. Bibliography given in a research report:

(a)shows a vast knowledge of the researcher

(b)helps those interested in further research

(c)has no relevance to research

(d)all the above

Answer: (b)helps those interested in further research

135. Fundamental research reflects the ability to:

(a) Synthesize new ideals

(b) Expound new principles

(c) Evaluate the existing material concerning research

(d) Study the existing literature regarding various topics

Answer: (b)Expound new principles

136. The study in which the investigators attempt to trace an effect is known
as:

(a) Survey Research

(b) 'Ex-post Facto' Research

(c) Historical Research

(d) Summative Research

Answer: (b) 'Ex-post Facto' Research

137. Generalized conclusion on the basis of a sample is technically known as:

(a) Data analysis and interpretation

(b) Parameter inference

(c) Statistical inference

(d) All of the above

Answer: (a) Data analysis and interpretation

138. The experimental study is based on:

(a) The manipulation of variables

(b) Conceptual parameters

(c) Replication of research

(d) Survey of literature

Answer: (a) The manipulation of variables

139. The main characteristics of scientific research are:

(a) empirical

(b) theoretical

(c) experimental

(d) all of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

140. The authenticity of a research finding is its:

(a) Originality
(b) Validity

(c) Objectivity

(d) All of the above

Answer: (c) Objectivity

HIGS will help PhD scholars in every step of their research from the
beginning to the end. You can now connect with the professionals by dialing
+916382814563 and compose your mail &send it to
[email protected] .

141. Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite?

(a) Area Sampling Technique

(b) Purposive Sampling Technique

(c) Systematic Sampling Technique

(d) None of the above

Answer: (c) Systematic Sampling Technique

142. The research problem is selected from the standpoint of:

(a) Researcher's interest

(b) Financial support

(c) Social relevance

(d) Availability of relevant literature

Answer: (c) Social relevance

143. Formulation of hypothesis may NOT be required in:

(a) Survey method

(b) Historical studies

(c) Experimental studies

(d) Normative studies

Answer: (b) Historical studies

144. Field-work-based research is classified as:

(a) Empirical

(b) Historical

(c) Experimental

(d) Biographical

Answer: (a) Empirical

145. Which of the following sampling methods is appropriate to study the

prevalence of AIDS amongst males and females in India in 1976, 1986, 1996,
and 2006?

(a) Cluster sampling

(b) Systematic sampling

(c) Quota sampling

(d) Stratified random sampling

Answer: (b) Systematic sampling

146. The research is always -

(a) verifying the old knowledge

(b) exploring new knowledge

(c) filling the gap between knowledge

(d) all of these

Answer: (d) All of these

147. The research that applies the laws at the time of field study to draw more
and more clear ideas about the problem is:

(a) Applied research

(b) Action research

(c) Experimental research

(d) None of these

Answer: (c) Experimental research

148. When a research problem is related to a heterogeneous population, the

most suitable sampling method is:
(a) Cluster Sampling

(b) Stratified Sampling

(c) Convenient Sampling

(d) Lottery Method

Answer: (b) Stratified Sampling

149. The process not needed in experimental research is:

(a) Observation

(b) Manipulation and replication

(c) Controlling

(d) Reference collection

Answer: (a) Observation

150. A research problem is not feasible only when

(a) it is researchable

(b) it is new and adds something to the knowledge

(c) it consists of independent and dependent variables

(d) it has utility and relevance

Answer: (c) it consists of independent and dependent variables

151. How can the objectivity of the research be enhanced?

(a) Through its impartiality

(b) Through its reliability

(c) Through its validity

(d) All of these

Answer: (d) All of these

152. Action-research is

(a) An applied research

(b) research carried out to solve immediate problems

(c) A longitudinal research

(d) All the above

Answer: (b) research carried out to solve immediate problems

153. The basis on which assumptions are formulated

(a) Cultural background of the country

(b) Universities
(c) Specific characteristics of the castes

(d) All of these

Answer: (a) Cultural background of the country

154. Which of the following is classified in the category of developmental

research?

(a) Philosophical research

(b) Action research

(c) Descriptive research

(d) All the above

Answer: (d) All the above

155. We use Factorial Analysis:

(a) To know the relationship between two variables

(b) To test the Hypothesis

(c) To know the difference between two variables

(d) To know the difference among the many variables

Answer: (c) To know the difference between two variables

156. A null hypothesis is

(a) when there is no difference between the variables

(b) the same as the research hypothesis

(c) subjective in nature

(d) when there is a difference between the variables

Answer: (a) When there is no difference between the variables

157. The research that explores new facts through the study of the past is
called

(a) Philosophical research

(b) Historical research

(c) Mythological research

(d) Content analysis

Answer: (b) Historical research

158. Manipulation is always a part of

(a) Historical research

(b) Fundamental research

(c) Descriptive research

(d) Experimental research

Answer: (c) Descriptive research

159. Which correlation coefficient best explains the relationship between

creativity and intelligence?

(a) 1.00

(b) 0.6

(c) 0.5

(d) 0.3

Answer: (a) 1.00

160. Research is

(a) Searching again and again

(b) Finding a solution to any problem

(c) Working scientifically to search for the truth of any problem

(d) None of the above

Answer: (c) Working scientifically to search for the truth of any problem

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beginning to the end. You can now connect with the professionals by dialing
+916382814563 and compose your mail &send it to
[email protected] .

161. A common test in research demands much priority on

(a) Reliability

(b) Useability

(c) Objectivity

(d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

162. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?

(a) Searching sources of information to locate the problem.

(b) Survey of related literature

(c) Identification of the problem

(d) Searching for solutions to the problem

Answer: (a) Searching sources of information to locate the problem.

163. What is the major attribute of Correlation Analysis?

(a) Association among variables

(b) Difference among variables

(c) Regression among variables

(d) Variations among variables

Answer: (a) Association among variables

164. What is the name of the conceptual framework in which the research is
carried out?

(a) Research hypothesis

(b) Synopsis of Research

(c) Research paradigm

(d) Research design

Answer: (d) Research design

165. Which of the following features are considered critical in qualitative

research?

(a) Collecting data with the help of standardized research tools.

(b) Design sampling with probability sample techniques.

(c) Collecting data with bottom-up empirical evidence.

(d) Gathering data with top-down schematic evidence.

Answer: (c) Collecting data with bottom-up empirical evidence.

166. How is random sampling helpful?

(a) Reasonably accurate

(b) An economical method of data collection

(c) Free from personal biases

(d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

167. The research is always

(a)verifying the old knowledge

(b)exploring new knowledge

(c)filling the gap between knowledge

(d)all of these

Answer: (d)all of these

168. Tippit table refers to as _________

(a) Table of random digits

(b) The table used in sampling methods

(c) The table used in statistical investigations

(d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

169. To pursue the research, which of the following is priorly required?

(a) Developing a research design

(b) Formulating a research question

(c) Deciding on the data analysis procedure

(d) Formulating a research hypothesis

Answer: (b) Formulating a research question

170. Which of the following does not correspond to the characteristics of

research?
(a) Research is not passive

(b) Research is systematic

(c) Research is not a problem-oriented

(d) Research is not a process

Answer: (d) Research is not a process

171. What is the main aim of interdisciplinary research?

(a) To oversimplify the problem of research

(b) To bring out the holistic approach to research

(c) To create a new trend in research methodology

(d) To reduce the emphasis on a single subject in the research domain

Answer: (b) To bring out the holistic approach to research

172. A researcher is interested in studying the prospects of a particular

political party in an urban area. So, what tool should he prefer for the study?

(a) Rating Scale

(b) Interview

(c) Questionnaire

(d) Schedule

Answer: (c) Questionnaire

173. The conclusions/findings of which type of research cannot be generalized

to other situations?
(a) Casual Comparative Research

(b) Historical Research

(c) Descriptive Research

(d) Experimental Research

Answer: (b) Historical Research

174. How to judge the depth of any research?

(a) By research title

(b) By research duration

(c) By research objectives

(d) By total expenditure on research

Answer: (c) By research objectives

175. Who can successfully conduct Research?

(a) Someone who is a hard worker

(b) Possesses post-graduation degree

(c) Has studied research methodology

(d) Possesses thinking and reasoning ability

Answer: (c) Has studied research methodology

176. Which of the following is not the method of Research?

(a) Survey

(b) Historical
(c) Observation

(d) Philosophical

Answer: (c) Observation

177. Circle graphs are used to show

(a) How is one part related to other parts?

(b) How various sections share in the whole?

(c) How is one whole related to another whole?

(d) How are various parts related to the whole?

Answer: (d) How are various parts related to the whole?

178. Authenticity of a research finding is its

(a) Validity

(b) Objectivity

(c) Originality

(d) All of the above

Answer: (b) Objectivity

179. Which one is called non-probability sampling?

(a) Quota sampling

(b) Cluster sampling

(c) Systematic sampling

(d) Stratified random sampling

Answer: (a) Quota sampling

180. On what basis did Jean Piaget give his theory of cognitive development of
humans?

(a) Evaluation Research

(b) Fundamental Research

(c) Applied Research

(d) Action Research

Answer: (b) Fundamental Research

HIGS will help PhD scholars in every step of their research from the
beginning to the end. You can now connect with the professionals by dialing
+916382814563 and compose your mail &send it to
[email protected] .

181. A formal document that presents the research objectives, the design of
achieving these objectives, and the expected outcomes/deliverables of the study
is called

a)Research design

b)Research proposal

c)Research hypothesis

d)Research report

Answer: B)Research proposal

182. Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite?

(a) Systematic Sampling Technique

(b) Purposive Sampling Technique

(c) Area Sampling Technique

(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) Systematic Sampling Technique

183. The F-test

(a) Is essentially a two-tailed test.

(b) Is essentially a one-tailed test.

(c) Can be one-tailed as well as two-tailed depending on the hypotheses.

(d) Can never be one tailed test.

Answer: (c) Can be one-tailed as well as two-tailed depending on the hypotheses

184. Which one among the following is the most comprehensive source of
population data?

(a) Census

(b) National Sample Surveys

(c) Demographic Health Surveys

(d) National Family Health Surveys

Answer: (a) Census

185. The process not needed in experimental research is

(a) Controlling

(b) Observation

(c) Reference collection

(d) Manipulation and replication

Answer: (b) Observation

186. What are those conditions where a research problem is not viable?

(a) It is new and adds something to knowledge

(b) It can be researched

(c) It has utility and relevance

(d) It contains dependent and independent variables

Answer: (d) It contains dependent and independent variables

187. How can we enhance the research objective?

(a) By making it more valid

(b) By making it more reliable

(c) By making it more impartial

(d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

188. Action-research can be understood as ___________

(a) A longitudinal research

(b) An applied research

(c) A kind of research being carried out to solve a specific problem

(d) All of the above

Answer: (c) A kind of research being carried out to solve a specific problem

189. On what basis can one formulate the assumptions?

(a) The cultural background of the country

(b) Universities
(c) Some specific characteristics of castes

(d) All of the above

Answer: (a)The cultural background of the country

190. Descriptive Research

(a) Descriptive Research

(b) Philosophical Research

(c) Action Research

(d) All of the above

Answer: (d) All of the above

191. What is the use of Factorial Analysis?

(a) For setting the hypotheses

(b) To understand the difference between two variables

(c) To understand the relationship between two variables

(d) To understand the difference between various variables

Answer: (b) To understand the difference between two variables

192. Why do you need to review the existing literature?

(a) To make sure you have a long list of references

(b) Because without it, you could never reach the required word-count

(c) To find out what is already known about your area of interest

(d) To help in your general studying

Answer: (b) To find out what is already known about your area of interest

193. What is the best-suited name for a process that doesn't necessitate
experimental research?

(a) Manipulation

(b) Controlling

(c) Content analysis

(d) Observation

Answer: (a) Manipulation

194. Which one among the following variables cannot be expressed in

quantitative terms?

(a) Numerical Aptitude

(b) Marital Status

(c) Socio-economic Status

(d) Professional Attitude

Answer: (d) Professional Attitude

195. The "Sociogram" technique is used to study

(a) Vocational Interest

(b) Human Relations

(c) Professional Competence

(d) Achievement Motivation

Answer: (b) Human Relations

196. Which one among the following phrases does not correspond to the
meaning of research as a process?

(a) Problem-Solving

(b) Trial and Error

(c) Objective Observation

(d) Systematic Activity

Answer: (c) Objective Observation

197. What section of a research proposal provides an overview of the entire

research study in a concise manner?

(a) Abstract

(b) Literature review

(c) Methodology

(d) Conclusion

Answer: (a) Abstract

198. What is a common element in a research proposal's "methodology"

section?

(a) The participant recruitment process

(b) The results and conclusions of the research study

(c) The theoretical framework for the research study

(d) The participant recruitment process

Answer: (a) The participant recruitment process

199. A Hypothesis that develops while planning the research is

(a) Null Hypothesis

(b) Working Hypothesis

(c) Relational Hypothesis

(d) Descriptive Hypothesis

Answer: (a) Null Hypothesis

200. The first step in formulating a problem is

(a) A statement of the problem

(b) Gathering of Data

(c) Measurement

(d) a Survey

Answer: (a) A statement of the problem

201. Which of the following is NOT a type of research design?

(a) Experimental

(b) Descriptive

(c) Correlational

(d) Analytical

Answer: (d) Analytical

202. A ____________ is a formal document that presents the research

objectives and the design for achieving these objectives.

(a) Literature review

(b) Research proposal

(c) Data analysis

(d) Research report

Answer: (b) Research proposal

203. The researcher must decide about _________________ of data collection.

(a) Objectives

(b) Logical reasoning

(c) Authoritative sources

(d) All the above

Answer: (b) Objectives

HIGS will help PhD scholars in every step of their research from the
beginning to the end. You can now connect with the professionals by dialing
+916382814563 and compose your mail &send it to
[email protected] .

204. Where does the research process take place

a)Laboratories

b)Schools

c)Organizations

d)All of the above

Answer: d)All of the above

205.An essential criterion of scientific study is

a)Observation

b)Objectivity

c)Experimentation
d)Interpretation

Answer: b)Objectivity

206. A formal document that presents the research objectives, the design of
achieving these objectives, and the expected outcomes/deliverables of the study
is called

a)Review paper

b)Thesis

c)Research Proposal

d)Research paper

Answer: c)Research Proposal

207.An image, perception, or concept that is capable of measurement is called

a)Variable

b)Operationalization

c)Hypothesis

d)Inferring

Answer: a)Variable

208. Research method means

a)A detailed and careful study of something to find more information about it.

b)The strategies, processes, or techniques utilized in the collection of data or

evidence for analysis

c) is a document proposing a research project

d)A statement should show exactly what your paper will be about,

Answer: b)The strategies, processes, or techniques utilized in the collection

of data or evidence for analysis

209.The depth of research can be judged by

a)The research method used

b)Result of the research

c)The objective of the research

d)Both a & c

Answer: d)Both a & c

210.What do you mean by a unit of analysis

a)an object of study within a research project

b)A form of proportional reasoning

c)Facilities and support

d)Definition & description

Answer: a)an object of study within a research project

211.Which is concerned with discovering and testing certain variables

concerning their association or disassociation

a)Experimental Research

b)Quantitative research

c)Qualitative research

d)All the above

Answer: a)Experimental Research

212. Research methods, procedures, and models of research methodology will

help you best achieve your
a)Result

b)Grade

c)Research Objectives

d)None of the above

Answer: c)Research Objectives

213. What is the purpose of research design MCQ

a)To get the result

b)To write the thesis

c)To publish papers

d)To provide a clear plan for conducting research

Answer: d)To provide a clear plan for conducting research

214. A Comprehensive full report of the research process is called

a)A proposal

b)A Review paper

c)A thesis

d)All of the above

Answer: c)A thesis

215. The final stage in the research process is

a) Result
b)Concluding and presenting the research data

c)Discussion

d) Acknowledgment

Answer: b)Concluding and presenting the research data

216. The systematic way to solve the research problem is called as

a) Discussion

b)Abstract

c)Introduction

d)Research Methodology

Answer: d)Research Methodology

217. Questions in which only two alternatives are possible are called

a) Dichotomous Question

b)Rhetorical questions

c)Hypothetical questions

d)Matrix questions

Answer: a)Dichotomous Question

218. An essential criterion of scientific study is

a) Case studies

b)Objectivity

c)Experimental studies

d)Clinical trial studies

Answer: b)Objectivity

219. The hypothesis which develops while planning the research is

a) Working Hypothesis

b)Research hypothesis

c)Null hypothesis

d)Complex hypothesis

Answer: a)Working Hypothesis

HIGS will help PhD scholars in every step of their research from the
beginning to the end. You can now connect with the professionals by dialing
+916382814563 and compose your mail &send it to
[email protected] .