Chapter 2 / Chemical analysis

1. Analytical chemistry is related to many other branches of science, such as….

a. Physics and biology only. b. Geology and Mineralogy only.
c. Physics and Mineralogy only. d. Physics, biology, geology and mineralogy
2. Qualitative analysis aims at all of the following except:
a. Establish whether the origin of the unknown sample is organic or inorganic.
b. Identify the elements or ions present in the unknown sample.
c. Determination of the concentration of the constituent compound of the unknown
sample.
d. Determine the oxidation number of the ions present in the unknown sample.
3. Synthesis of new compounds.
a. It is based on quantitative analysis only.
b. It is based on qualitative analysis only.
c. It is based on both quantitative and qualitative analysis.
d. It does not rely on any quantitative or qualitative analysis.
4. Which of the following graphs represents the mass of an open beaker containing a
mixture of sodium carbonate and an excess amount of dilute hydrochloric acid by
passing time?

5. Turbidity occurs when mixing

a) Ammonia solution with sodium chloride solution.
b) copper (II) sulfate solution with magnesium chloride solution.
c) Zinc nitrate solution with ammonium carbonate solution.
d) Sodium hydroxide solution with potassium iodide solution.
6. All carbonate and bicarbonate salts similar with each of the following, except:
a) Dissolving in water
b) acid derived from it.
c) their interaction with strong acids.
d) reacted with MgSO4(aq)

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 7. From the following diagram:
A(s) ∆→ B(s) + liquid + gas
↓HCl(aq) ↓Ca(OH)2(aq)
C(g) D(s)
Which of the following represents each of the compounds (D), (C), (B), and (A)?
Choices (A) (B) (C) (D)
(a) Na2CO3 NaHCO3 H 2O CaCO3
(b) NaHCO3 Na2O H 2O Ca(HCO3) 2
(c) NaHCO3 Na2CO3 CO2 CaCO3
(d) KHCO3 K2CO3 CO2 Ca(HCO3) 2
8. The anion of salt (X) reacts with acid H2SO4 forming gas (Y), which reacts with a
mixture of K2Cr2O7 H2SO4 forming a green solution Which of the following is
expressed for each of (X), (Y)?
a. SO3-2(aq), SO2(g) b. Cl - (aq), HCl(g)
c. H2S(g), S-2(aq) d. CO2(g), CO3-2(aq)
9. When compound (A) is dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid, colorless gas (B)
evolved. When compound (A) is dissolved in water, then silver nitrate solution is
added to it, a white precipitate (C) is formed. Which of the following is a compound
(A) and gas (B) and what is the effect of heating the precipitate (C)?
choices compound (A) compound (B) effect of heating precipitate (C)
(a) Na2SO4 SO3 It turns black
(b) Na2SO3 SO2 The precipitate disappears
(c) Na2S H 2S The precipitate disappears
(d) Na2SO3 SO4 It turns black
10.White crystals adsorbed in the water, and when H2S gas is passed in the resulting
solution, a black precipitate is formed, and when concentrated sulfuric acid is added
to this precipitate, a white precipitate is formed. What are the white crystals and
what is the white precipitate, respectively? Lead (II) acetate and lead (II) sulphate.
a) Copper (II) carbonate and copper (II) sulphate.
b) Sodium acetate and sodium sulfate.
c) Sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate.

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11.75 ml of sodium sulfide solution was added to 125 mL of silver nitrate solution, its
concentration is 1.88 M. What is the concentration of nitrate anions in the reaction
mixture after the reaction is over?
a. 0.588 M b. 1.175 M c. 2.35 M d. 4.5 M
12.Dilute sulfuric acid was added to one of the salts, and a greenish gas erupted from a
leaf wet with an acidified K2Cr2O7 solution, in addition to a yellow suspension. What
is the anion of this salt?
a. sulfide. b. sulfites. c. thiosulfate. d. sulfites.
13.The color of solution (X) will change when solution (Y) is added to it. Which of the
following expresses the name of the solute (X) and the role played by the solute (Y)?
choices Solution name (X) The role of solute (Y)
(a) Acidified potassium permanganate reducing agent
(b) potassium iodide reducing agent
(c) Acidified potassium permanganate oxidizing agent
(d) potassium iodide oxidizing agent

14.When a gaseous mixture is passed through a lead (II) acetate solution, a black
precipitate is formed, and the same gaseous mixture causes the clear lime water to
become cloudy. What is this mixture formed?
choices SO2 H2S CO2
(a) ✓ ✓ ✓
(b) X ✓ ✓
(c) ✓ X X
(d) ✓ X ✓

15.What ions are present in the solution produced by adding an abundance of silver
nitrate to a solution of sodium chloride?
a. Na+, CI- b. CI-,NO3- , Na+ c. CI-, Na+, Ag+ d. Ag+, NO3-, Na+
16.What role does concentrated sulfuric acid act when it added to sodium bromide salt?
a. oxidizing agent. b. reducing agent. c. Removing water agent d. Strong acid.

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 17.A white salt that reacts with a concentrated silver nitrate solution to form a
precipitate that does not dissolve in an ammonia solution. When the same salt reacts
with concentrated sulfuric acid, a mixture of
a. NO2, NO b. I2, SO₂ c. Br₂, SO₂ d. Cl₂, H₂S
18.Which of the following is an anion detected by the brown ring test?
a) The acidic radical of a weak acid.
b) With cations, it forms salts that do not dissolve in water.
c) It cannot be detected with dilute HCI acid.
d) with cations form salts whose solutions are alkaline.
19.According to the products of the two opposite reactions:
X+HCI(aq)dil
→
(Y) colorless, bad-smelling gas

(Y) + (CH3COO)2Pb(aq), →black solid substance

Which of the following represents both the anion of compound (X) and gas (Y)?
Choices anion of compound (X) Gas (Y)
(a) SO32- H 2S
(b) Cl- HCl
(c) S2- H 2S
(d) CO32- CO2

20.phosphate anion can be detected in sodium phosphate solution using calcium nitrate
solution? What is the total Coefficients in the balanced reaction equation and what is
the coefficient of the formed precipitate?
choice Total coefficient Ppt coefficient
s
(a) 11 1
(b) 12 1
(c) 11 2
(d) CO32- CO2

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21.Mixture (X) contains two equal amounts of metal oxide and metal sulfate from group
2A metals. When water was added to the mixture (X), one of the two compounds
dissolved in it, while the other compound precipitated. After separating the mixture
by filtration, it was found that the resulting solution reacted with sulfuric acid,
forming a precipitate. Which of the following is the mixture (X)?
a. BaO + BaSO4 b. BaO +MgSO4 c. MgO + BaSO4 d. MgO + MgSO4
22.What can be observed when adding barium hydroxide to an ammonium sulfate
solution in a test tube with heating and then bringing a red litmus paper wet with
water to the mouth of the tube?
a) No precipitate is formed and the color of the litmus paper does not change.
b) A white precipitate forms in the test tube and the litmus paper changes color.
c) A reddish-brown gas rises from the mouth of the tube and the litmus paper changes
color.
d) A colored solution is formed in the test tube and the litmus paper does not change color.
23.A solution containing Cu2+Mn+2, Ba+2 , Ag+ ions to which dilute hydrochloric acid was
added, forming precipitate (X), and after separating the precipitate (X) sulfuric acid
was added to the remaining solution, thus forming precipitate (7). Which of the
following represents each of the repeaters (X) and (Y)?
choice Coefficient (Y) Coefficient (Y)
s
(a) AgCl BaSO4
(b) BaCl2 Ag2SO4
(c) AgCl MnSO4
(d) MnCl2 CuSO4

24.Which of the following is an ionic substance that is soluble in water?

choices PbCl2 Pb(NO3)2 PbS
(a) X ✓ X
(b) X ✓ ✓
(c) ✓ X X
(d) ✓ X ✓

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 25.When detecting the cation that forms one of the salt solutions, it was found that it
does not form a ppt with the anion SO42-. But it precipitates with anion S2-. What is the
symbol for this cation?
a. Ba2+ b. NH4+ c. Ca2+ d. Cu2+
26.The following table shows some properties of KI, Fe(NO3)2 compounds:
Which of the following represents (X), (Y), and (Z)?

compoun The color of the compound solution The product of its reaction with sodium
d hydroxide solution
(X) light green Fe(NO3)2
(Z) (Y) KI
choices (X) (Y) (Z)
(a) greenish-white ppt Dark blue white ppt
(b) reddish brown ppt colorless No precipitate is formed
(c) reddish brown ppt colorless Black ppt
(d) greenish-white ppt colorless No precipitate is formed

27.When drops of NaOH solution are added to the reaction products of ferromagnetic
oxide with concentrated hot sulfuric acid, ……is formed
a. Greenish white precipitate only. b. Two ppt., one of them dissolve in HCI

White Whit
(X BurnO 2 HCl( aq) solutio NaOH (aq) excess of NaOH (aq) solutio
powde e
) → →
n → →
n
r ppt.

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 28.A sample of a calcium salt independently tested with both chloride ions and sulphate
ions and flame test. Which of the following shows the obtained results?
Choices with chloride ions with sulfate ions With flam test
(a) A precipitate is formed No precipitate is formed A green color is formed
(b) No precipitate is formed A precipitate is formed A brick red color is formed
(c) A precipitate is formed No precipitate is formed A brick red color is formed
(d) No precipitate is formed A precipitate is formed A green color is formed

29.Which of the following describes the common change in Fe3+,Fe2+ solutions using one
of the reagents?
a) It turns blood red when NH4SCN solution is added to each of them.
b) A precipitate is formed when a NaOH solution is added to each of them.
c) They are colored violet when sunflower evidence is added to each of them.
d) A precipitate is formed when distilled water is added to each.
30.The pairs of solutions of the following compounds are used in the preparation of
barium sulfate, except:
a. Barium nitrate and sulfuric acid. b. Barium nitrate and potassium sulfate.
c. Barium chloride and calcium sulfate. d. Barium chloride and magnesium sulfate.
31.Calculating the concentration of Fe2+ ions in a FeSO4 solution by redox titration
requires the use of an acidified standard solution of ….. ions.
a. Cr3+ b. Mn2+ c. SO42- d. Cr2O72-
32.0.1 M HCI reacts with 25 mL of 0.2 M Na2CO3 solution required to completely
neutralize the sodium carbonate solution, what is the volume of the acid?
a. 6.25 mL b. 25 mL c. 50 mL d. 100 mL
33.A titration of 25mL of a solution of iron (II) salts acidified with dilute sulfuric acid
was carried out with a 0.02M potassium permanganate solution. At the end point of
the reaction, the consumed volume of the potassium permanganate solution was
30mL and the following ionic equation expresses the reaction:
5Fe2+(aq) + MnO4- (aq) + 8H+(aq) →5Fe3+ (aq)+ Mn2+(aq)+ H2O(l)
Which of the following mathematical relations is used to calculate the concentration of
iron (II) ions?
5 × 0.02 5 × 0.02 X 25 5× 0.02 X 30 25
a. b. c. d.
0.02 X 30 30 25 5 X 0.02 X 30

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34.when heated and 2.68 gm of sodium sulfate crystals strongly emitted 1.26 gm of
water vapor. It is concluded from this that the molecular formula of these crystals
is….. . Na₂SO4= 142 g/mol, H₂O= 18 g/mol]
a. Na₂SO4.H₂O b.Na₂SO4.7H₂O c. 2Na₂SO4.H₂O d.Na₂SO4.8H₂O
35.The mass of the precipitate formed when mixing 300 mL of a 0.3 M Na₂SO4 solution
with 200 mL of a BaCl₂ solution its concentration 0.4M equal…...[Na= 23, S = 32,
O=16, Ba = 137, CI = 35.5]
a. 21.21 g b. 58.5 g c. 233 g d. 18.64 g
36.When calibrating a sample of lead ores with a mass of 8 gm with an excess of sulfuric
acid, 4.75 g of lead (II) sulphate resulted. What is the mathematical relationship used
to calculate the percentage of lead in the ore? |Pb = 207, S = 32, O = 16]
207 ×8 303 × 4.75 207 x 4.75 303 x 8
a. X 100 b . X100 c. X 100 d . X 100
303× 4.75 207 × 8 303 ×8 207 X 4.75

37.It is possible to distinguish between carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gases using
all of the following, except
a. Lead (II) acetate solution. b. calcium hydroxide solution.
c. sense of smell. d. Methyl orange indicator
38.The color of the phenolphthalein index changes with
a. HCI(aq) b. KOH(aq) c. H2O(l) d. NaCl (aq)
39.When salt (X) is heated with a solution of NaOH, a gas is released, change of litmus
into blue. This is because this salt contains ……….. ion
a. nitrates. b. Ammonium. c. sulfites. d. carbonates.
40.100 mL with. 100mL of potassium hydroxide solution containing 12.68 KOH
dissolved was mixed with nitric acid which containing 5.6 of dissolved HNO3. What
color does the reaction mixture get when drops of bromothymol blue indicator are
added to it? [KOH= 56 g/mol, HNO3 = 63 g/mol]
a. pale green. b. yellow . c. blue. d. red.
41.It is not possible to distinguish between a solution of sodium chloride and
hydrochloric acid using a …….indicator
a. methyl orange. b. phenolphthalein. c. litmus solution d. Bromotimol blue.

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Secondly: Essay questions
42.The following diagram shows the results of the dissociation of unstable compound
(1):

Write the balanced symbolic equation for the reaction of:

a) gas (2) with oxygen.
b) liquid (3) concentrated with copper.
43.From the following chart, deduce the names of each of the materials (1): (4).

44.The following figure: expresses one of the chemical reactions at the beginning of their
occurrence. Record two observations that can be seen with the naked eye inferring
the occurrence of a chemical reaction.

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45.Drops of indicator (X) were added to a beaker containing a known volume of sodium
hydroxide and a titration was performed using acetic acid. What is the color change
that occurs when reaching the end point of the reaction, assuming that the index (X):
(1) phenolphthalein. (2) Methyl orange.
46.Sodium hydroxide solution contains 10 g of solute per liter. Calculate the volume of
this solution needed to titrate 20mL of 0.1M hydrochloric acid. [Na = 23, O = 16, H =
1}
47.A mole of sodium hydroxide solution will completely react with a mole of acid (X),
and 25 mL of acid (X) is required to completely react with 20mL of a 0.1 M sodium
hydroxide solution. Calculate the concentration of acid (X) used.
48.20.2mL of a 0.1% NaOH solution reacts completely with 20mL of dibasic acid.
Calculate the concentration of the acid used.
49.Calculate the mass of the precipitate formed by adding 10mL of a 0.4 mol/L sodium
hydroxide solution to 20 mL of a 0.4 mol/L aluminum nitrate solution. [AI=27.0=16,
H=1]
50.After strong heating of a sample of hydrated iron (II) sulphate salt with a mass of
24.28, the mass was fixed at 8 15.2 Calculate the number of moles of crystallization
water in the sample.
51.To calculate the mass of the remaining solid after intense heating of a sample of mass
58 of the compound Na2B4O7.10H2O, to ensure that all wasted water evaporates
Na2B4O7.10H2O = 201.2 g/mol. H2O= 18 g/mol]
52.34gm of magnesium oxide is produced after intense heating of a sample of
magnesium carbonate with a mass of 84 p, according to the following equation:
MgCO3(s) Δ→ MgO(s) + CO2(g) Calculate the percentage of magnesium oxide produced.
[MgCO3=84 g/mol. MgO = 40 g/mol]
53. 68 gm hydrogen peroxide compounds dissociated in the presence of 2 MnO2 forming
1.12 L of oxygen gas (at STP) according to the equation: 2H2O2(aq)→ 2H2O(l) + O2(g)
Calculate the percentage purity of the hydrogen peroxide used. [H=1, O=16]

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