Real Analysis Lec#25 - 240112 - 215205

Lec#25 Real Analysis
for lecturer mathematics
 Higher Derivatives of a
function
 Some important examples
 Some important results
0301-4889903
Lec#25 Real Analysis | Lecturer Mathematics preparation | Differentiation
Some standard 𝒏𝒕𝒉 derivatives: 2) 𝒚=
𝟏
𝒂𝒙+𝒃
𝐦
1) 𝒚 = 𝐚𝐱 + 𝐛 −1 𝑛 𝑛!𝑎𝑛
Then 𝑦 (𝑛) =
𝑚! 𝑎𝑥+𝑏 𝑛+1
Then 𝑦 (𝑛) = 𝑎 𝑛
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑚−𝑛
,𝑛 ≤ 𝑚
𝑚−𝑛 ! 1
𝑦 (𝑛)
= 𝑛! 𝑎𝑛 ,𝑛 = 𝑚 Example: Find 3rd derivative of 𝑦 =
𝑥+3
5 1
Example: Find 3rd derivative of 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3 Solution: 𝑦=
𝑥+3
Solution: 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3 5 −1 3 3! (1)3
5! 𝑦 ′′′ =
′′′
𝑦 = 2 3 2𝑥 + 3 5−3 𝑥 + 3 3+1
5−3 ! −6
′′′
𝑦′′′ = (60)(8) 2𝑥 + 3 2 𝑦 =
𝑦′′′ = 480 2𝑥 + 3 2
𝑥+3 4
Example: Find 5th derivative of 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3 5
Solution: 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3 5 3) 𝒚 = 𝒍𝒏(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃)
𝑦 (5) = 5! 2 5 −1 𝑛−1 (𝑛−1)!𝑎𝑛
𝑦 (5) = (120)(32)
Then 𝑦 (𝑛) =
𝑎𝑥+𝑏 𝑛
𝑦 (5) = 3840
0301-4889903 Mathematics by ALI RAZA 2

Some standard 𝒏𝒕𝒉 Liebnitz Rule: Let 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑔(𝑥) possesses derivatives of nth order then
𝒅𝒏 𝒏 𝒏−𝟏 𝒏 𝒏 − 𝟏 (𝒏 − 𝟐)
derivatives: 𝒇𝒈 = 𝒇 𝒏
𝒈 + 𝒏𝒇 𝒏−𝟏 ′
𝒈 + 𝒇 𝒏−𝟐 ′′
𝒈 ++ 𝒇 𝒏−𝟑
𝒈′′′ + ⋯ + 𝒇𝒈 𝒏
𝒅𝒙𝒏 𝟐! 𝟑!
4) 𝒚 = 𝒆𝒂𝒙 Examples: Find nth derivative of 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥 3 .
𝑦 𝑛 = 𝑎𝑛 𝑒 𝑎𝑥
Solution:
𝑑𝑛
𝑛
𝑒 𝑥 𝑥3
5) 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃) 𝑑𝑥
𝑛 𝑛−1 𝑛 𝑛 − 1 (𝑛 − 2) 𝑥
𝑛
𝑛𝜋 = 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑛) 𝑥 3 + 𝑛 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑛−1)
𝑥3 ′ + 𝑒𝑥 𝑛−2
𝑥3 ′′
+ 𝑒 𝑛−3
𝑥 3 ′′′
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑛 sin 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 + 2 6
2 𝑑𝑛 𝑥 3 3 𝑥 𝑥 2
𝑛 𝑛−1 𝑥
𝑛 𝑛 − 1 (𝑛 − 2) 𝑥
𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑒 + 3𝑛𝑒 𝑥 + 6𝑒 𝑥 + 6𝑒
𝑑𝑥 𝑛𝑛 2 6
𝑑 𝑥 3 3 𝑥 𝑥 2 𝑥 𝑥
6) 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃) 𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑒 + 3𝑛𝑒 𝑥 + 3𝑛 𝑛 − 1 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑛 𝑛 − 1 (𝑛 − 2)𝑒
𝑛𝜋 𝑑𝑥 𝑛 𝑛
𝑦 𝑛
= 𝑎𝑛 cos 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 + 𝑑 𝑥 𝑥 3 = 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 3 + 3𝑛𝑥 2 + 3𝑛 𝑛 − 1 𝑥 + 𝑛 𝑛 − 1 𝑛 − 2 )
2 𝑒
𝑑𝑥 𝑛

Some important results:
1) Let 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑔(𝑥) is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 then 𝑓 + 𝑔 is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎.
2) Let 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑔(𝑥) is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 then 𝑓𝑔 is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎.
3) Let 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous one-one function defined on an interval and differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 with 𝑓 ′ 𝑎 ≠ 0 then the
1
inverse of the function 𝑓 is differentiable at 𝑓(𝑎) and its derivative at 𝑓(𝑐) is ′ .
𝑓 𝑐
4) Let 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 if 𝑓 𝑎 ≠ 0 then |𝑓(𝑥)| is also differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎.

5) Let 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 if 𝑓 𝑎 = 0 and 𝑓 ′ 𝑎 = 0 then |𝑓(𝑥)| is also differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎.
6) Let 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 if 𝑓 𝑎 = 0 and 𝑓 ′ 𝑎 ≠ 0 then |𝑓(𝑥)| is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎.
7) If 𝑓(𝑥) is an even function and has a derivative at every point then the derivative 𝑓′(𝑥) is an odd function.
8) If 𝑓(𝑥) is an odd function and has a derivative at every point then the derivative 𝑓′(𝑥) is an even function.
𝑓 𝑥+ℎ −𝑓(𝑥−ℎ)
9) If 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable function then lim = 2𝑓′(𝑥).
ℎ→0 ℎ
𝑓 𝑥+ℎ −2𝑓 𝑥 +𝑓(𝑥−ℎ)
10) If 𝑓(𝑥) is twice differentiable function then lim = 𝑓′′(𝑥).
ℎ→0 ℎ2

Some problems from past papers
𝑑𝑦
Q: If 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑎 + 𝑦) then is (PPSC 2013)
𝑑𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎 sin2 𝑎+𝑦 sin 2 𝑎−𝑦
a) b) c) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎 sin2 (𝑎 + 𝑦) d)
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝑎+𝑦) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎
Solution: (b) is the correct option.
Q: The function 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 + |𝑥 − 1| is (PPSC 2011)

a) Continuous and differentiable for 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1 b) Continuous but not differentiable for 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1
c) Discontinuous but differentiable for 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1 d) Neither continuous nor differentiable for 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1
Solution: (b) is the correct option.

Some problems from past papers
Q: The function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥|𝑥| at the origin only (PPSC 2020)
a) Differentiable b) Continuous c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these
Solution: (c) is the correct option.
𝑑𝑦
Q: If 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 , = 𝑓′(𝑥) represents _________ of the tangent to the curve. (SPSC 2011)
𝑑𝑥
a) Slope b) Gradient c) Length d) Both (a) and (b)

Solution: (d) is the correct option.
1
Q: If 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 denotes a curve, then its slope at 𝑥 = 2 is (SPSC 2009)
3
a) 2 b) 8 c) 12 d) zero
Solution: (c) is the correct option

Real Analysis Lec#25 - 240112 - 215205

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Real Analysis Lec#25 - 240112 - 215205

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Real Analysis Lec#25 - 240112 - 215205

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lec#25 Real Analysis

for lecturer mathematics

Example: Find 5th derivative of 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3 5

0301-4889903 Mathematics by ALI RAZA 2

0301-4889903 Mathematics by ALI RAZA 3

4) Let 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎 if 𝑓 𝑎 ≠ 0 then |𝑓(𝑥)| is also differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑎.

0301-4889903 Mathematics by ALI RAZA 4

Solution: (b) is the correct option.

Q: The function 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 + |𝑥 − 1| is (PPSC 2011)

0301-4889903 Mathematics by ALI RAZA 5

a) Slope b) Gradient c) Length d) Both (a) and (b)

You might also like