Exercises Translation 4.

Exercises

Note:
Therem aynot besufficient tim etowork
throughall theexercisesduringthecourse.
Theexercisesm arkedOptional shouldbeseen
assupplem entaryexam plesthat canbeused,
timeperm itting, duringthecourse. Attendees
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toconsolidatewhat theyhavelearned.

 SAPAG
011000358700000335561998E

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LO985 Exercise 1

Unit: Basic Functionality

 Creating characteristics in numeric and alphanumeric format

 Creating classes and assigning characteristics to them
 Allocating materials to classes using master data maintenance as well
as the classification system menu Assigning values to characteristics
 Finding objects
The engineering/design department in your company wants to use the
classification system to find fasteners, such as screws, nuts, and rivets,
according to specific properties. You are the member of the project team
who is responsible for this area. First, you create some characteristics and
classes for test purposes.

1-1 Create characteristics using the following data.

1-1-1 A characteristic that describes the thread length of screws
(Initial screen)
Characteristic name CR1##
Block  Basic data
 Descriptions
 Allowed values

(Basic data)
Description Thread length ##
Characteristics group T-##
Status Released
Formatting / data type Numeric, to describe lengths between 0.1 cm
and 20 cm to the nearest millimeter.
Headings <Correct headings if required>

(Descriptions)
Language DE

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 Description Gewindelaenge ##
Heading 1 / 2 Gewinde- / laenge

(Allowed values)
Char. value <Restrict the allowed values to the interval
from 0.1 cm to 30 cm>

1-1-2 A characteristic that describes the thread type of screws

(Initial screen)
Characteristic name CR2##
Block  Basic data
 Descriptions
 Allowed values

(Basic data)
Description Thread type ##
Characteristics group T-##
Status In preparation
Formatting / data type Character, to describe the possible values (see
below), using abbreviations and value
descriptions.
Headings <Correct headings if required>
Entry required

(Descriptions)
Language DE
Description Gewindeart ##
Heading 1 / 2 Gewinde- / art

(Allowed values)
Characteristic values / 01 / Machine screw
Descriptions 02 / Metal screw
(in English) 02 / Wood screw
Characteristic values / 01 / Maschinenschraube

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 Descriptions 02 / Blechschraube
(in German) 03 / Holzschraube

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 1-2 Create classes using the following data.
1-2-1 A class for nuts
(Initial screen)
Class CLM##
Class type 001
Block  Basic data
 Keywords

(Basic data)
Description Nuts ##
Status Released
Group T-##
Valid to 12/31/2001

(Keywords)
Keyword <Enter at least 2 keywords>

1-2-2 A class for screws

(Initial screen)
Class CLS##
Class type 001
Block  Basic data
 Keywords
 Characteristics

(Basic data)
Description Screws ##
Status In preparation
Group T-##
Valid to 12/31/2001

(Keywords)
Keyword <Enter at least 2 keywords>

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 (Characteristics)
Characteristic <Enter the characteristics you created at the
start of this exercise> If necessary, react to
status problems by setting the characteristic
status to Released.

1-3 Now use the classes you have created to classify materials, using different
transactions and the following data. The material master records already exist.
1-3-1 From the material master menu, choose the Create transaction.
 Allocate material T-RM1## to your class for nuts.
1-3-2 Use the function for allocating an Object to classes in the classification menu.
 Allocate material T-RS1## to your class for screws.
The class must be released before you can use it to classify objects.
 Assign (any) values to all the characteristics.
1-3-3 Use the function for allocating Objects to class in the classification menu.
 Allocate materials T-RM2## and T-RM3## to your class for nuts.
 Allocate materials T-RS2## and T-RS3## to your class for screws.
Assign (any) values to all the characteristics.

1-4 Use both classes to find your materials. Use different search criteria.

1-5 True or false?

1-5-1 When you create a characteristic, you must maintain at least the screens for
Basic data, Descriptions, and Allowed values.
__________________________________________
1-5-2 The characteristic name is not language-dependent, whereas the characteristic
description is language-dependent.
__________________________________________
1-5-3 The class type determines which object types you can classify.
__________________________________________
1-5-4 You can use the same class name in several different class types to describe
different things.
__________________________________________
1-5-5 You can use the same characteristic in classes of different class types.
__________________________________________
1-5-6 When you classify an object in a class that has characteristics, you must
always assign values to the characteristics.
__________________________________________
1-5-7 If you want to allocate several objects to one class, the best way to do this is
to use the Objects to class allocation function.
__________________________________________

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 1-5-8 You always start the function for finding objects by choosing Find in the
classification menu.
__________________________________________
1-5-9 You can always enter several values as selection criteria.
__________________________________________
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LO985 Exercise 2

Unit: More Functionality

 Creating characteristics in different formats

 Overwriting characteristics settings for a specific class
 Setting and using the classification status
 Defining the display options and scope for finding objects, and
processing the search result
Your first tests have shown that further characteristics are required. You
want to make value assignment easier by simplifying the layout of the
value assignment screen and automatically checking some values against
templates. You want incomplete classifications to be marked as such in
the system.
Several departments want to use the functions for finding objects for their
specific applications. You want to let them process the search result with
reports and transactions.

2-1 Create further characteristics. Use the following data.

2-1-1 A characteristic that describes the forms of packaging for storing screws.
(Initial screen)
Characteristic name CR3##

(Basic data)
Description Packaging ##
Characteristics group T-##
Status Released
Formatting / data type Character, to describe the possible values (see
below).
When you assign values, it must be possible
to assign more than one value.

(Allowed values)
Characteristic values / P100 / Plastic 100

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 Descriptions P200 / Plastic 200
(in English) K500 / Cardboard 500
K1000 / Cardboard 1000
 Additional values

(Interface control)
Display allowed values  Value assignment

2-1-2 A characteristic in date format that describes the period during which a screw
is released for use.
(Initial screen)
Characteristic name CR4##

(Basic data)
Description Release period ##
Characteristics group T-##
Status Released
Formatting / data type <Select the appropriate format>
Entry required
Interval vals allowed
This indicator only works if the
characteristic is multiple-value.
Define the characteristic as
multiple-value (Extras
Format).

(Allowed values)
Char. value 01/01/1998 - 01/01/2003

2.1.3 A characteristic for entering an internal description for screws.

(Initial screen)
Characteristic name CR5##

(Basic data)
Description Internal description ##
Characteristics group T-##

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 Status Released
Formatting / data type Character with template
The internal description always comprises 2
letters and 2 figures (for example, AB11, or
BC23). Define a suitable template.

(Interface control)
Propose template

2-2 Add your new characteristics (CR3##, CR4##, and CR5##) to the class for
screws.
 In this class, you do not want the date characteristic to be a required
characteristic, and you want the allowed values to go up to the year 2010.

2-3 Reclassify the materials in the class for screws by assigning values to the new
characteristics.
2-3-1 Use the function for changing material master records for material T-RS1##.
 Do not assign values to all characteristics, and document this fact by
setting the classification status to Incomplete.
2-3-2 To reclassify the other materials (T-RS2## and T-RS3##), use the Objects to
class allocation function.
 Assign values to all the characteristics.
 Set the classification of one (any) material to Locked.

2-4 Use the class for screws to find your materials, checking various options.
2-4-1 Use View  Scope  and View  Display options to change the layout of the
value assignment screen.
 Define that the allowed values for all characteristics are displayed
immediately.
 Define that only required characteristics are displayed. Then undo these
settings.
 Start the find objects function with any search criteria.
2-4-2 Use View  Scope  and View  Display options to change the layout of the
value assignment screen.
 Display the classification statuses in the list.
 Define that incomplete classifications (status 3) are not shown in the
search result.
2-4-3 When characteristic values are display in the search result, it may not be
possible to display some values completely due to lack of space.

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 How can you tell that a value is not complete?
__________________________________________
How can you display the complete value?
__________________________________________

2-5 Using the classification status

2-5-1 Display a list of all incomplete and locked classifications.
2-5-2 Select your class from the list and finish classifying the materials. Set the
classifications status to Released.

2-6 True or false?

2-6-1 Interval values can only be allowed for multiple-value characteristics.
__________________________________________
2-6-2 The classification of characteristics restricts their use.
__________________________________________
2-6-3 The class type determines which screens appear in class maintenance
functions.
__________________________________________
2-6-4 You can restrict authorization for class maintenance, but anyone can use the
find objects function.
__________________________________________
2-6-5 You can restrict the allowed values for a characteristic by overwriting them,
but you cannot extend them.
__________________________________________
2-6-6 Once you have classified an object, the function you used to do it is
irrelevant.
__________________________________________
2-6-7 If you do not assign a value to a required characteristic, you can only save the
classification with Incomplete status.
__________________________________________
2-6-8 Locked classifications are never displayed in the search result.
__________________________________________

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 2-7 Optional Exercise (without discussion):
Processing the Search Result
2-7-1 Start a search without selection criteria in class CL126.
Number of objects: _______________________
2-7-2 Restrict the search result by reselecting monitors from manufacturer 01.
Number of objects: _______________________
2-7-3 Use filter report program ZFILTER_BESTAND to display only the monitors
that have a stock of at least 30 in plant 1000.
Number of objects: _______________________
2-7-4 Select a monitor and copy it to transaction MMBE Stock Overview.
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LO985 Exercise 3

Unit: Class Hierarchies

 Creating further classes

 Setting up a multi-level hierarchy with inheritance
 Checking the effects of hierarchy and inheritance on classification and
finding objects
Now that more and more areas are using classification, the number of
classes has become too large to manage easily. For this reason, you want
to structure the classes hierarchically.
In addition, some characteristics are required for entire groups of classes.
For this reason, you decide to test the inheritance function of the R/3
classification system.

3-1 Set up the following hierarchy by performing the steps described below.

3-1-1 Create class CLT## for fasteners and assign the existing characteristic
TCR01 (Property class) to it.
3-1-2 Create class CLZ## for rivets (without characteristics).
3-1-3 Which of the 2 functions is better suited to setting up this hierarchy – Class
to classes or Objects to class?
__________________________________________
3-1-4 Set up the hierarchy. When you allocate the classes to each other, assign
characteristic values to the classes for nuts and screws.
 Screws can only have property classes of categories B and C.
 Nuts can only have a property class of category C.
 Why can you select more than one value at a time?
__________________________________________

3-2 Use the Class hierarchy function to check whether the hierarchy has the
structure you require.

3-3 Reclassify your materials by assigning a value to the inherited characteristic.

3-3-1 Which values can you assign to the property class characteristic when you
classify a material in the class for screws?

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 __________________________________________
3-3-2 Which values can you assign to the property class characteristic when you
classify a material in the class for nuts?
__________________________________________

3-4 Assign your entire hierarchy to class 101 (Pump parts) and use the Class
hierarchy function to check how your classes are linked to the hierarchy now.

3-5 Search for the following materials. Use different strategies for finding the class,
such as matchcode search or searching via the hierarchy (starting with class
CL).
3-5-1 A 17” monitor by MAG in the top price range.
Material number: _____________________________
3-5-2 Two pumps with a lift of 10m and for use in a reactor.
Material numbers: _____________ / _____________
3-5-3 An OS/2 operating system by IPS.
Material number: ______________________________
3-5-4 A keyboard for a PC manufactured by CHERRY.
Material number: ______________________________

3-6 True or false?

3-6-1 Each class must be linked to a hierarchy.
__________________________________________
3-6-2 If only the classes at the bottom of the hierarchy have characteristics, the
hierarchy is a hierarchy without inheritance.
__________________________________________
3-6-3 Characteristics are always inherited by subordinate classes – you cannot
switch off inheritance.
__________________________________________
3-6-4 In the R/3 System, you can define a class as a hierarchy class.
__________________________________________
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LO985 Exercise 4

Unit: Functionality for Complex Tasks

 Creating reference characteristics and assigning them to a class

 Defining organizational areas in a class
 Using reporting functions

The users want to use fields from the material master to search for
objects via classes. In addition, each group of users is to see only the
characteristics that are relevant to their work.

4-1 Display the basic data of the material master record for one of your screws.
Find the Basic material field.
4-1-1 What is the entry in the Basic material field?
____________________________________________________________
4-1-2 How can you find out the file name and field name?
____________________________________________________________

4-2 Create a reference characteristic that links the Basic data field in the material
master to the classification system.
(Initial screen)
Characteristic name WRKST##

(Additional data)
Table name MARA
Field name WRKST

(Basic data)
Description <Use the system proposal>
Characteristics group T-##
Status Released

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 4-3 Change your class for screws.
4-3-1 In the basic data, define that the Purchasing, Engineering, and Sales
departments work with the class.
4-3-2 On the characteristics screen, enter reference characteristic WRKST##.
4-3-3 Assign each characteristic to at least one organizational area.
Tip: to display characteristic descriptions instead of the
language-independent characteristic names, choose Extras
 Char. descriptions  Show.

4-4 Start the allocation function for Objects to class and navigate to the value
assignment screen for one of the screens.
4-4-1 Can you assign a value to the reference characteristic in classification?
____________________________________________________________
4-4-2 Change the value assignment screen so that you only see only the
characteristics that are relevant to Purchasing.

4-5 Start a search in your class for screws.

4-5-1 Search specifically for screws made of basic material ST50.
4-5-2 Include objects that have no basic material in the search result.

4-6 Change your characteristic for the thread type.

4-6-1 Change the characteristic group to T-20.
Find where this change is documented.
Document number:
________________________________________________________
4-6-2 Could you (theoretically!) delete your characteristic for the thread type now?
Yes / no _________ Why? / Why not? __________________________
How do you find out quickly where the characteristic is used?
________________________________________________________________

4-7 Produce a class list, of the classes created by another group of participants (class
group T-##). Send the result to the group of participants by mail.

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 4-8 True or false?
4-8-1 If you have maintained document data, you can display a technical drawing
for a characteristic value when you classify an object.
___________________________________________________________
4-8-2 Before you can import standards data, you must create the classes and
characteristics that you require manually.
___________________________________________________________
4-8-3 Organizational areas can prevent a user from classifying a required
characteristic when classifying an object.
___________________________________________________________
4-8-4 Performance for finding objects is improved if you use characteristics in
many classes.
___________________________________________________________
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LO985 Exercise 5

Unit: Using Class Types

 Creating a class for an object type other than material

 Classifying and finding objects
 Selecting objects for reporting functions
 Optional: classifying materials managed in batches and batches
To allow even more of the company to use of the classification system,
you analyze class types that are supplied with the R/3 System but have
not yet been used. You also want to use classification to select object
numbers for reporting functions.

5-1 The first slides in this unit show different class types for finding objects. Create
a class using one of these class types (for example, class type 010 or 019).
5-1-1 Create a class, using your own class name. Either assign an existing
characteristic to the class or create a new characteristic.
5-1-2 Use a matchcode to find classifiable objects and classify some of the objects
you find.
5-1-3 Start a search in your new class.
5-1-4 Find out whether there are other classes of the class type you selected.

5-2 Display a list of all purchase orders for 17” monitors, using classification to find
the material numbers.

This reporting function is under:

Logistics  Materials management  Purchasing
Purchase orders  Display list  For material

5-3 True or false?

5-3-1 You can only ever use a class type to classify objects of one type.
___________________________________________________________
5-3-2 You can only assign one value per characteristic to each object within a class
type.
___________________________________________________________

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 5-4 Optional Exercise (without discussion):
Batch classification
5-4-1 Create a class for classifying paints. Paints are managed in batches in your
system.
(Initial screen)
Class CLX##
Class type 023

(Basic data)
Description Paints ##

(Characteristics)
Characteristic TCR02 (Color)
M011 (Opacity)

5-4-2 Material master record T-RL1## for red metallic paint already exists.
Classify this material in the class you just created, assigning values to the
characteristics. Note the following points:
 The material is available in different shades of red
 The opacity of red paint is at least 80%
5-4-3 Create batch C1 for material T-RL1##. Menu path: Logistics  Materials
management  Material master  Batch  Create.
Navigate to the classification screen in batch management. Is the new batch
already classified?
______________________________________________________

Assign values to the characteristics of your batch. Which values are allowed?
______________________________________________________
5-4-4 Use your class to find both the material and the batch. Show the object type
in the search result.
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LO985 Exercise 6

Unit: Object Dependencies

 Creating a local precondition

 Creating a local action
 Creating and allocating a global selection condition

Dependencies between specific characteristics and values can be defined

in terms of “if...then” conditions. You want to define these relationships
in the system, to simplify data entry and reduce errors in value
assignment.

6-1 The form of packaging Cardboard 1000 only exists for machine screws. You
want to prevent users from setting this value for other types of screw.
6-1-1 Change your characteristic for forms of packaging (CR3##) and define a
local precondition for value Cardboard 1000 to describe this relationship.
6-1-2 Check the effect of this precondition in classification, by classifying another
screw (T-RS4##).
 Try different values for the thread type and check what happens to value
Cardboard 1000.
 Do not save the classification (or delete it after saving).

6-2 All metal screws have property class B-2. You want the system to set this value
automatically for metal screws.
6-2-1 Create a local action for value Metal screw of your characteristic for thread
type. You want the action to set value B-2 for characteristic TCR01 (property
class).
6-2-2 Check the effect of this precondition in classification, by classifying another
screw (T-RS4##).
 What happens to the property class?
 Do not save this classification either (or delete it after saving).

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 6-3 For screws with a thread length of 10 cm or more, you want Release period and
Internal description to be required characteristics.
6-3-1 Create a global selection condition that the thread length is at least 10 cm.
 Dependency A##, description “Thread length at least 10 cm”.
 Enter the appropriate syntax in the dependency editor.
 The dependency can only be used if you set Released status.
6-3-2 Change your characteristics for the release period and internal description, by
allocating selection condition A## to them.
6-3-3 Check the effect of this selection condition in classification.

6-4 True or false?

6-4-1 If a precondition is fulfilled, the system automatically sets the relevant value,
but you can change the value manually.
___________________________________________________________
6-4-2 An action sets a value that you cannot change.
___________________________________________________________
6-4-3 If a selection condition for a characteristic is fulfilled, the selection condition
has the same effects as the Entry required indicator in a characteristic.
___________________________________________________________

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LO985 Exercise 7

Unit: Appendix
Optional Extra Exercise on Engineering Change
Management

 Creating a change master record

 Planning changes to characteristics, classes, and classification
 Searching on a specific data

7-1 You want to change your data with history. Create change master record A##
with the following data:
 Change date: January 1 next year
 Status: Active
 Object types: characteristics, characteristics of class, classification

7-2 Change your characteristic for thread length with history, changing the allowed
values to a maximum of 30 cm.

7-3 Change the classification with history.

7-3-1 In Customizing, check whether engineering change management is active for
classification in class type 001.
7-3-2 Classify a screw (T-RS1##) in your class for screws, assigning the value 25
cm.

7-4 Check the result in the class for screws in the find objects function.
7-4-1 On the initial screen, leave today’s date when you start your search. Check
the allowed values for thread length and the values assigned to the individual
screws.
Allowed values (thread length): _______________________________
Value assigned to T-RS1##: _______________________________
7-4-2 On the initial screen, enter a date that is 1 year in the future, and start your
search again. Check the allowed values for thread length and assigned values
again.
Allowed values (thread length): _______________________________
Value assigned to T-RS1##: _______________________________
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