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6 Basic Instrumentsrebyu

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16 views3 pages

6 Basic Instrumentsrebyu

for review

Uploaded by

Guevarra, Gellie M.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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6 BASIC INSTRUMENTS

AIR SPEED INDICATOR

ATTITUDE INDICATOR

ALTIMETER

T TURN COORDINATOR

HEADING INDICATOR

VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR

INSTRUMENT CATEGORIES ACCORING TO APPLICATION

1.POWERPLANT INSTRUMENT-GIVE INFORMATION RELATED TO THE AIRCRAFT

2.FLIGHT NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS-GIVE INFORMATION ALTITUDE , SPEED INFORM NAVI THE


AIRCRAFT

3.SYSTEM INSTRUMENTS-CONCERN AIRCRAFT SYSTEM ELECTRICAL,HYDRAULIC,PRESSURIZATION BLEED


AIR SYSTEM

INSTRUMENT CATEGORIES ACCORING TO OPERATION

1. PRESSURE INSTRUMENTS- these measure the pressure of air, fuel, oil, etc./ uses pressure to give
indication.

2. MECHANICAL INSTRUMENTS- use a mechanical system to obtain or transmit information.

3. GYRO INSTRUMENTS- use the principles of a gyroscope and are primarily used for IFR flight.

4. ELECTRONIC / ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS- group has seen the most change in recent years due to the
advances in digital technology and other related fields.

3 BASIC MEASURING PRESSURE

ABSOLUTE PRESSURE-MESUREMENT OF PRESSURE RELATIVE TO A VACUUM

GAUGE PRESSURE-MEASURE SIMPLY BY APPLYING GIVEN AREA

DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE- is the comparison between two different pressures. This instrument measures
the difference between ram air or pitot pressure, and the static or ambient air pressure.

Ram/Dynamic pressure-is created by the aircraft's forward motion.

Static pressure-is the atmospheric pressure outside the aircraft

Static Pressure-also known as ambient pressure, is always present whether an aircraft is moving or at
rest.

Dynamic pressure - a pressure due to motion


Standard Atmospheric Pressure:

1. 29.92 in. hg

2. 1013.2 hPa

3. 14.7 psI

AIR PRESSURE GYROSCOPIC

AIRSPEED ATTITUDE

ALTIMETER HEADING

VERTICAL T TURN COOR

TYPES OF AIRSPEED

➢Indicated Airspeed (IAS) - the direct instrument reading obtained from the ASI, uncorrected for
variations in atmospheric density, installation error, or instrument error.

Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) – Speed corrected for installation and instrument error. - In the cruising and
higher airspeed ranges, IAS and CAS are approximately the same.

➢True airspeed (TAS) - is CAS corrected for nonstandard pressure and temperature. - As density altitude
increases, TAS increases for a given CAS or amount of power.

➢Equivalent Airspeed (EAS) - is CAS corrected for compression of the air inside the pitot tube. - the same
as CAS in standard atmosphere at sea level.

➢Groundspeed (GS) - the actual speed of the airplane over the ground. It is TAS adjusted for wind. -
decreases with a headwind, and increases with a tailwind

AIRSPEED INDICATIONS MARKINGS (PPT)

EFIS-determine aircraft attitude, speed and altitude, presenting a wealth of information in one ore more
integrated presentations

Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring (ECAM)- ) receive data from the A/C systems and sends it to
the DMC Display Management Computer for display on the ECAM display units.

ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT SYSTEM- single aisle aircraft cockpit instrumentation information is displayed
on six display units are part of he ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT SYSTEM (EIS)

The EIS is separated into two subsystem:

- ELECTRONIC FLIGHT INSTRUMENT SYSTEM (EFIS)

- ELECTRONIC CENTRALIZED AIRCRAFT MONITORING (ECAM)


- Primary Flight Display provide increased situational awareness to the pilot by replacing the
traditional SIX instruments used for instrument flight with an easy – to scan display that provide
the.

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