SMART HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM

Allanki Sanyasi Rao1, G Bhuvana2, B Samyuktha3, S Rahul4, Ch Harish5

1
Associate Professor, 2 ,3, 4, 5 UG Student, Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering,
Christu Jyothi Institute of Technology & Science, Jangaon, Telangana, India

Abstract
This paper introduces a Smart Health Monitoring System, integrating various sensors
and microcontroller modules for real-time health tracking. It employs components such as the
DS18B20 temperature sensor, Heart Rate Monitor, Arduino Nano, and ESP8266 Node MCU
for internet connectivity. The system aims to continuously monitor vital parameters like body
temperature and heart rate, with an added feature of estimating glucose levels, particularly
beneficial for diabetic patients. Leveraging IoT technologies, it enables remote monitoring and
data transmission, facilitating healthcare professionals in assessing patient health remotely.
Integrated with ThingSpeak, it offers centralized data storage and visualization tools for
comprehensive analysis. Experimental results confirm its efficacy in real-time health
monitoring and timely intervention.
Keywords: IoT, Temperature Sensor, Heart Rate Monitor Sensor, Arduino Nano, Node MCU

1. Introduction
Imagine a world where vital health data is monitored continuously, with the ability to
remotely assess potential health risks. This paper dives into the exciting realm of Internet of
Things (IoT) to create a next-generation Health Monitoring System. This innovative system
goes beyond traditional monitoring by not only tracking body temperature and heart rate, but
also leveraging heart rate data to estimate glucose levels - a game-changer for diabetic
patients. Equipped with various sensors and a powerful microcontroller, the system collects
real-time health data. This information is then processed and displayed on a user-friendly
LCD screen, with audible alerts for critical readings. But that's not all! The system utilizes IoT
technology to transmit data wirelessly, enabling healthcare professionals to remotely monitor
patient health through a secure cloud platform (ThingSpeak) [1].
Health monitoring is a essential problem in today’s world. Due to lack of proper health
monitoring, patient suffer from serious health issues. There are lots of IoT devices that can
monitor the health of patient over internet. Health experts are also taking advantage of these
smart devices to keep an eye on their patients. With tons of new healthcare technology start-
ups, IoT is rapidly revolutionizing the healthcare industry. IOT based patient health
monitoring system is a generic term given to any medical equipment that has internet
capability and can measure one or more health data of a patient who is connected to the device
such as heartbeat, body temperature, blood pressure, Pulse rate etc. Our device measures

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Temperature, Glucose levels and Heart rate. The equipment can record, transmit and alert if
there is any abrupt change in the patient’s health [2].
2. Internet of Things (IoT)
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of physical devices, vehicles, home
appliances, and other items embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity which enables
them to connect and exchange data. In the Health Monitoring System described, IoT
technology is utilized to create a network of interconnected devices (sensors, microcontrollers,
and display units) that gather, process, and transmit health-related data in real-time.
By leveraging IoT technology, the system can provide continuous monitoring of vital
health parameters such as body temperature and heart rate. Additionally, it facilitates remote
monitoring and data transmission, enabling healthcare professionals to remotely assess patient
health status and intervene in case of abnormal readings.

3. Health Monitoring
A Health Monitoring System is a technology-driven solution designed to continuously
monitor and track an individual's health parameters in real-time. This system typically consists
of various components such as sensors, microcontroller modules, connectivity modules,
display units, and alerting mechanisms. Sensors like temperature sensors (e.g., DS18B20),
heart rate monitor sensors, and glucose level sensors are used to collect health-related data.
Microcontroller modules such as Arduino boards (e.g., Arduino Nano) and connectivity
modules like the ESP8266 Node MCU are employed to process the collected data and enable
internet connectivity for remote monitoring. The processed data is then displayed to the user
through display units such as LCD displays or mobile/web interfaces. Alerting mechanisms
like audible alerts (e.g., buzzer) or visual alerts notify users or healthcare professionals in case
of abnormal readings, enabling timely intervention. By integrating with IoT technology, Health
Monitoring Systems facilitate seamless data collection, processing, and transmission, allowing
for remote monitoring and data analysis. These systems find applications in personal health
monitoring, remote patient monitoring, and clinical research, providing real-time monitoring,
timely intervention, and comprehensive health data analysis for better health management.

4. Existing System
Existing Health Monitoring Systems are sophisticated solutions that leverage a
combination of hardware and software components to continuously monitor and track an
individual's health parameters in real-time. These systems typically incorporate various sensors
such as temperature sensors, heart rate monitors, and glucose level sensors to collect health-
related data. Microcontroller modules like Arduino boards and connectivity modules such as
the ESP8266 Node MCU enable data processing and internet connectivity for remote

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monitoring. Processed data is displayed to users through LCD displays or mobile/web
interfaces, and alerting mechanisms such as audible alerts or smartphone notifications notify
users or healthcare professionals of abnormal readings, allowing for timely intervention.
Integration with IoT technology facilitates seamless data collection, processing, and
transmission, enabling remote monitoring and data analysis. These systems find applications in
personal health monitoring, remote patient monitoring, and clinical research, providing real-
time monitoring, timely intervention, and comprehensive health data analysis for better health
management.

5. Proposed Method
In the context of the discussion about the "IoT-based Health Monitoring System using
Arduino," the proposed IoT-based health monitoring system offers a comprehensive solution
for remote health management, enabling users to monitor their vital signs effectively and
receive timely alerts in case of any abnormalities. With the integration of advanced sensors and
IoT technology, this system has the potential to revolutionize personal healthcare by providing
real-time insights and proactive health monitoring capabilities.
At its core, the system integrates Arduino microcontrollers with a network of sensors to
capture vital health data such as heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and oxygen levels.
These sensors continuously collect data from the user and transmit it wirelessly to a central hub
or gateway, which serves as the communication interface with the IoT platform. The IoT
platform, in this case, could be ThingSpeak or similar services, providing the infrastructure for
data storage, analysis, and visualization. Collected data is securely stored in the cloud, allowing
users and healthcare providers to access historical records and track health trends over time.

6. Software Employed
In the development of Health Monitoring Systems, the Arduino Software IDE plays a
central role. This open-source platform provides an intuitive interface for writing, compiling,
and uploading code to Arduino-compatible microcontroller boards. Developers utilize the
Arduino IDE to write code that interfaces with sensors, processes data, and controls other
system components. Once the code is written, it is compiled into machine-readable instructions
and uploaded to the microcontroller board, such as the Arduino Nano, via a USB cable.
For data storage, visualization, and analysis, Health Monitoring Systems often integrate
with ThingSpeak, an IoT platform. ThingSpeak provides cloud services where health-related
data collected by the system is securely stored. Additionally, ThingSpeak offers visualization
tools, allowing users to create custom graphs and charts to visualize health data over time.
Real-time data analysis can be performed using MATLAB Analytics, which is integrated with
ThingSpeak.

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 To enable internet connectivity and data transmission, Health Monitoring Systems
utilize the ESP8266 library. This library provides a set of functions for programming the
ESP8266 Node MCU, a low-cost Wi-Fi microchip with full TCP/IP stack and microcontroller
capability. With the ESP8266 library, the microcontroller can connect to Wi-Fi networks,
facilitating the transmission of health-related data to cloud platforms like ThingSpeak. This
enables remote monitoring of health parameters, allowing healthcare professionals or
caregivers to monitor patient health status from anywhere with internet access.
7. Results and Discussions
The Health Monitoring System showcased the most recent health data on its LCD
screen, providing a comprehensive overview. The temperature reading exhibited a stable 98°F
(37°C), indicating a consistent normal body temperature. Additionally, the heart rate was
meticulously recorded at 72 beats per minute, firmly within the healthy range. Furthermore,
glucose levels were observed to be within the desired parameters, measuring at 90 mg/dL.
These findings collectively suggest an encouraging state of wellness for the individual,
highlighting the effectiveness of the monitoring system in tracking vital signs.

Figure 1: Circuit Board

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 Figure 2: Temperature results displayed on LCD screen

Figure 3: Heart Rate & Glucose Levels displayed on LCD screen

7. Conclusion
The IoT-based Health Monitoring System embodies a significant advancement in
personalized, accessible, and proactive healthcare. Through the integration of state-of-the-art
technologies including Arduino Nano, ESP8266 NodeMCU, and an array of sensors, the
system facilitates continuous monitoring of vital signs and health metrics. This capability
supports early detection of health concerns, empowering individuals to manage their well-
being effectively and enabling healthcare providers to deliver timely interventions. Moreover,
the utilization of the ThingSpeak platform enhances data visualization and analysis, offering
valuable insights into health trends and patterns [8].
The IoT-based Health Monitoring System represents a transformative advancement in
healthcare, offering personalized, accessible, and proactive solutions for individuals' well-
being. Through the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as Arduino Nano, ESP8266
NodeMCU, and various sensors, the system enables continuous monitoring of vital signs and
health metrics, facilitating early detection of health issues and empowering individuals to take
control of their health. By leveraging the ThingSpeak platform, data visualization and analysis

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are streamlined, providing valuable insights into health trends and patterns. With its scalability,
flexibility, and emphasis on privacy and security, this innovative system has the potential to
revolutionize healthcare delivery, promoting better health outcomes and enhancing the quality
of life for individuals worldwide [7].

References
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[5] Gupta, R., Sharma, P., & Kumar, A. "Development of a Portable Health Monitoring System
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[7] Chen, H., Li, W., & Zhang, Y. "Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based Health
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[8] Rodriguez, L., & Garcia, E. "Gesture-Based Health Monitoring System with Arduino and
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[9] Nguyen, T., Le, H., & Pham, D. "Integration of a Wearable Health Monitoring System with
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[10] Hamim et al. present an IoT-based healthcare-monitoring system for patients and older
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