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ENGLISH FOR TEENAGERS · GENERAL ISSUES · PRE-INTERMEDIATE (A2-B1)

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1 Warm-up

Think of things that plants and animals have in common and things that make them different. Match
the options with the correct group.

A: reproduce/create new G: move around to find food

plants or animals
B: stay in one place H: create seeds

C: develop new plants from I: have muscles, eyes, mouths,

their parts ears, etc.
D: produce their own food J: need a source of energy or
food
E: are living things K: grow and die

F: eat other living things L: create eggs or give birth

both animals and plants only plants only animals

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2 Animal or plant?

Part A: Look at the photos and decide if you see an animal or a plant.

a. b. c. d.

e. f. g. h.

Part B: Match the descriptions to the photos.

1. Corals look like colorful plants or little trees. They live in big groups, or colonies, attached to the
ocean bottom. They don’t move around at all.

2. The fly orchid is a flower that looks like a fly.

3. Walking leaves are insects that look like leaves. People often keep them as pets.

4. The orchid mantis is an insect that looks like a flower. When other insects land on it, the mantis
catches and eats them.

5. Sea anemones look like flowers attached to the sea bottom. They eat small fish.

6. Sea cucumbers live in the oceans. There are as many as 1,250 species and some look like
cucumbers.

7. The Venus flytrap is a plant which eats insects. It has two big leaves with a kind of ‘teeth’ that can
shut in half a second to trap an insect inside.

8. Stick insects are insects that look like sticks. They eat leaves. They look like that to hide from
predators.

Glossary:
attached – fixed to something
trap – catch and keep inside

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3 Predator or prey?

Part A: Which of the animals in the list are predators?

anemones bees cats dogs

earthworms gazelles koalas lions

llamas orchid mantises pandas penguins

rabbits walking sticks wolves zebras

Part B: Match the predators to their typical prey.

1. crows a. gazelles, zebras

2. penguins b. mosquitoes

3. lions c. fish

4. frogs d. earthworms

5. snakes e. birds, frogs, mice

6. bats f. flies, snails

4 Use your brain

Part A: Give two examples of how animals escape their predators. Use the pictures below to help
you.

Part B: Give two examples of how predators manage to catch their prey.

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5 To eat or to be eaten?

Read the text and complete the gaps with the verbs. Then listen to the recording and check your
answers.

attack chase defend escape fight

hide hunt pretend protect trap

Predators eat other animals. They use a variety of skills and methods to catch, kill and eat their prey.
Cats spend a lot of time looking for something to eat. When they find it, they can patiently wait for
a mouse to leave its hiding place. They can sit still for a long time to make sure the bird doesn’t see
1
them before they are ready to it. Most birds are too fast for the cat and manage
2
to . That’s why you find more dead mice on your doorstep than dead birds. Lions
3
choose their prey carefully. They usually weak or sick animals. They don’t want to
4 5
with a strong zebra or gazelle that can itself using its hard hooves.
6 7
Spiders don’t use speed or strength when they ; they insects in their
webs, instead. This is what predator plants like the Venus flytrap do as well. Prey animals use a lot of
ways to protect 8 themselves. They 9
, run in zig zags, and 10
to be
dead.

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6 Masters of camouflage
Part A: What is this animal’s name? What is it famous for?

Part B: You are going to watch a video and complete the notes with one or two words. Read the notes
carefully and try to predict the answers before watching.

What is camouflage?
1
Both predators and prey don’t want to be .
2 3
They hide by using , patterns, or by trying to look like other
4
or .
Looking like the things around you is called camouflage.
Looking like other things is called mimesis or mimicry.

Examples
5
The matches the color of the moss.
6
The crab spider matches the color of the .
7 8
The leopard, the and the sea turtle use to hide.
9 10
The leafy looks like seaweed, the octopus can look like a group of ,
and the leaf-tail gecko can look like a tree trunk or a twig.

leafy sea dragon crab spider leaf-tailed gecko

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Part C: Replace the words in bold in the sentences using the words and phrases from the list. Then
watch the video again and check your answers.

detected disguise themselves harmless herd imitate

inedible outline poisonous serve as surroundings

1. Many animals hide by trying to look like something else. →

2. They do this because they don’t want to be seen. →

3. They want their looks to match the things around them. →

4. Some try to look like other objects or animals. →

5. Patterns matching the surroundings make it difficult to see the shape of the animal. →

6. Zebras’ stripes aren’t used as camouflage only. →

7. A group of zebras can recognize each other by their stripes. →

8. Some animals pretend to be dangerous to eat. →

9. Other animals pretend they are not nice to eat. →

10. Insects think that orchid mantises are not dangerous. →

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7 Language focus: plural forms

Part A: Label the pictures using singular forms.

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. 9.

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Part B: Write the plural forms of the nouns and then add them to the correct groups in the table
below.

1. an albatross → 8. a kangaroo →

2. a child →
9. a monkey →
3. a city →

4. a country → 10. a man →

5. a fish →
11. an octopus →
6. a foot →

7. a hoof → 12. a tooth →

Countable nouns have singular and plural forms. The plural forms are made by adding the
ending –s or –es, but there are some irregular plural forms, too.

Group A Group B Group C Group D

Most nouns form Some nouns add Some nouns change Some nouns have
their plural form by –es. their spelling when irregular plural
adding the ending the plural ending is forms.
–s to the singular added.
form.

a duck – ducks an ostrich – a fly – flies a mouse – mice

ostriches

a snake - snakes a mantis – mantises a wolf - wolves a goose – geese

a mosquito – a sheep - sheep

mosquitoes

Some nouns ending in –o can be used with –s or –es, e.g. mosquitos/mosquitoes,

volcanos/volcanoes, but some use only one form, e.g. potatoes, tomatoes, heroes, pianos,
zeros. Be careful with nouns ending in – o.

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8 Optional extension: singular or plural?

Choose the correct form in each sentence.

1. The orchid mantis eat /eats insects.

2. The leaves look /looks like flowers.

3. This sheep is /are six years old.

4. The baby has only one tooth /teeth.

5. Rabbits’ teeth never stop /stops growing.

6. A wolf’s paws has /have claws at the end.

7. A kangaroo’s feet is /are very big.

8. All mice /mouse like seeds.

9. The women has/have four sheep and a goose /geese.

10. Geese defend itself /themselves with their beaks and wings.

9 Let’s talk: your favorite animal

You have learned about a lot of interesting animals in this lesson. Which are your favorite ones? Make
a list of the top three and compare it with a classmate.

10 Homework: part 1

Write the names of the animals using plural forms

1. five animals that can swim: fish, whales,

2. three animals with hooves:

3. three animals that can breathe underwater:

4. two animals with sharp teeth:

5. three animals that move very slowly:

6. two birds that cannot fly:

7. two animals with stripes:

8. three predator birds:

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11 Homework: part 2

Part A: Watch the video and find all the camouflaged animals.

Part B: Write down their names and answer the questions.

1. How many birds did you see?

2. How many insects did you see?

3. How many amphibians did you see?

4. Which animals live in the sea?

5. Which animal looks like dead leaves?

6. Which animal has a mouth like a frog?

Part C: Match the names to the types of animals.

1. the tawny frogmouth a. a grasshopper

2. the katydid complete b. a starfish

3. the brittle star c. an insect

4. the orchid mantis d. a bird

5. the leaf-tailed gecko e. a lizard

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