I WA neat block dfaguon cuplan the typfoal mouave

yotem. coshots el a tronsai

A mfoscuove Syton neécnally
Subsyoter hcludh a ofesoue ond osllato wovegu
onda toonsnHhg ontena, g ontena,
rubystem
de a seceles
hdu de a beceag
dhat odadd to onsnSoion
ecovegale, a moosove omies, ond a BeceSves.
laeeE
as

MCacusove output to
Sounee Wavemto Receiviag LPouser heter
Calboated hotn an teona hosn oa tena
atlenuatet

wovcgude
tes sahon

siondNstod/ Caqstal
Stond neut

nfcsoove ve syst en.

Tn oEdes to desn a mfeooecove Systern and conduct a paepy

test f ft, an adezuate Knoale dge e! the cemponents o ofved
Bessitfel. Besles mfeneuovc Bevfces, the te xt theeete
descbes merousave compooents, sachas
merostip hes, hybads, ond mftoousove
 Assume he tuave Cua tfan ond fs golfon, desRethe
xps esfon oe volage ond cusmat at ong poft oo te
tansmssfon he.
A RAZ B

(at)
Load
Gen es atee Y(zt bz)
Az

Fo FlenentaySectoo a teonsnkoo 1ae.

Based on fetnly tfete cat thosy. the sehnale crat
RI,9 ond c O shown i. The padonetess oe ezpeesed
t& vepete n ut leng ,oad te ore
asSuned n the postive z dtetio 0. epgn
B kisehhot's valkage laus, -the unonaton f tte volage
dsops encnd the ed loop ts gen by
V(2,t)= P(zt)RAz+LAz i(2,t)
7t)+ v(zt) +t •Y(zt) Az
dz
Keoniangag 168 eguakn, di. by bz, ord dhen ontdig
dhe agsnat (7, t)
),°
d2
Usfag Kis chhofl's Cnet laus the Gunabion af dhe
CugIGh at pofd B fn d O coa be expeesse d as
i(2, t) =v(24 Az, t9 Az + CAz àv(2+t Az,t)+ Cz +Az, t)
+CAz d

+Czt) t di3t)Az
 2

oBe t)) and astue d cgual to Yexo.

twehavt,
dt

B deoentfaing ey uth sesfech to z ond egf)

wot t and combs the resuds, the nal toantoniasoa
sne czuaion fa Uvoltage toem
Y-Rr + (KC+LG) dr +Lcoy -O

als, by des onkaa9 eg" ost t and eg ost 2 ond

the thal toonsesion Boe
Combig
-
d22 dt

Al -these toonsosion Sne ayuahn aeagplfeable to de gesal

toonsi nt Soluton. The voBage nd uonet on tte e e
dac ncol boh position z ond t.The fastantoneeus she
valage and Cuo ot Con be expsessed as
vC2,t) = ReVlz)eot
= Re I(z) jot 8
iC2,t)
wheoe ke stords toe teal pat Q. Thefactoe V) ond I(2)
Complez uonthes of the susodal tanchon posfton 2
dho se ond eae known as phaso8s. The phasoes gle he
magtude and phases dee shusoRlal fuochan ale eachposikt
c z, ond they con be expeSsed as
V(2)= V4e+ V eYe
T(2)+ T+ e"+ - e

where y and I fod'cate compler ompStude foteposîtve z

dyetion , V- ond I- sgnity ceom plex ompbtude .& the -ve z
dreuion.
3 L&t the chaactes t s f Smth
chal.
The chanactetes af Smh chant ane
loc doem too tomdies
JThe Constot B aod constontt6e chant.
e othoenal ccles
constond x cx eles all pass drouh
Toe conttont andTo)
e pord CTyol,
3 1he uppco hal o fhe diagoon orpscgents +ie
jz
i The loats hal d the diagom opsesrtsbecome onstant
5 Fo¬ adnitonce dhe constant o coclas
9 cocles, od constent x ccleS becones constont
he
Suscoptonte b osc les.
6The dtonce eUnd he Smth chart ooce s one hal!
thehe
A a port of Zn- /r, hese sa Von on
3 At a pont d Znag f,these is a Vmoz 0a dhe %e
he hovfzautal Badas to the bfaht of dse chat cerke
Cotsesponds to Vmy, Tma, Zmdx, on d fCsNR)
1o The ho2otl adus to the lelt o the chat centse
Cossesponds to Vmnn, Tma, Zomsn and V
The noÂnalred opederze ot adaHorce s oqpnted doe
eves haluovelegdh dftnce.
12The dfstonce ae g
qentr alee cnd al tocsod te ec
leed.
4 Poove Jat npedon ce ond adHonce matfes ae Syomehca
toe a aecpocal fancto.
Ja a beepocal netoosk, the faackon media ane
chanacteed by Scale ele chfal paom etes romely
absclute pebmelh l and abs clut e po nu bii,
nSuch a oetwoh, the mpedence ond the
admottance mat fees becon e Grnetfcal.-Tf
nctwe.
Can be poced by conßidg
lee Ef ond te be the despecfe eeche ond magpefe
Aeld Rtensfties at dhe th pogt and Let tohe U
tot al volfag e Yn=0 at all pocts toe no, , 2- ---
except atUpt post.
consfdesed
pott aut Vn-o at other potts then drem
3copoocty theosem. we have
-O
S-> clased Gace aca tncladng dunction and all N
numbes od pos.
sface 0 hotds ps ptts, cuehore
CHx)- (Ex H:) ds o -0
sfhce all n except v and v; ane zeso, eg'teduces to
CEPHjJds - f (Ef**e) da -o
'ustiq royntig-Reoven , Pij-io
 ohere,
Powey at ole mce plone f due to fhput at plane ;
Oj-Pow cot seler eote flone due to irpd od ploeî

[p=vr]

Rallaos that, 2
These deso equa bon pooe dhat dhe fonpedoce and e
adrttonce mahices ane Sy neh.Fead des a seoocal fanckan,

types AHhuatots
AHneatogs ane passîre devfees used to Cool poe
bevels fa a
micsuseveu
the toonSmPHed signal
oave.
both
esbe
ed
ns
d vaniable
atleuatots.
AComal toed ateruato Uses a tl ufth
Losses o0 fhe cente Condutoe to cbsosb som e f
the poer as shoon Ra
 lossy matoal
ceeceo detot

J . Co-onfal Sae 4xel anuatoe

he faed eoauege tre shosn belaco consfts of a

a delehfe cohed l a sesfste tlmmond ploced
at othc conte of dhe aovegisde poialld to te
massnun Eteld. Tnduced ament on the sestste flr
due to the fneldont eove Besulks h poner dsfpubon,Jeodg
to aHenuahon e motoove eergy. The delehe
to a lngth moe
Jhon
dhon hahall ovelnqt to educe oclleuhots. The sesihe
uovelangU fwo dueleb ods Spaiate by6y
vone fs Supposked
ddd
to fhe eleie feldi
Kesshie
 Vanfzble type atBeualot!
Avalable type abenuatot con be Cons teacled by maikg
the desfßtive vone b meons e| mfescuoove Soems fon one s?d
nanow ll to the cenbe shese dae Effeld
moznwn ot by chonga the deptt o4 inscs bion af a o

esftRe van ecd on Fheld montarntnough

langitudhol slot at the mfddle of the booad oal.

less delethi? longudfal

slot.
tBap

Flop abenuatoe.
6j DesnRe dhe Smah elcuhor doE Eplone.
An Fplone Tee is a wovegede tee &obth
dhe mas
F plone fee Rs ecly matehcd uth
Scxeo tons , at
fhe ad o Sae
peo
the futchar,the diagocal
there eull be no oellechon.
 -S9 - Sa3
gpott faput
al an o6t 180
plone efout ane Ozs ond Sig ts coelleScaterhg
-O S13 S Sav
Su
3potts ane dheoe as mati 313 a fs Tt
ts defed
by becon Tee plone Poopeothes
Faf The
rr Collnea
Port!
Sfde
Poot
3
dfeence led ca post
s
chese.
TS ond phase opposite
fo m el!
be
h illl
pott eoves
ad ouput he am ca codhe o
&2pottks o fed ane woves phase tuo q
same inond phase ogposite m be
L the of Qpot ond po
es the am sle to led woves the whe
 The pose 8 peofect matehed dhe fanchi'an
Foe the Symmehe poopes ty
Sg
Sa3
Consdes
[5 mat con be cwiH en as
S, Si37
-
- S9

Faon the untay Popeoty

IeJ[s]' - [I]
Sin S S3,S, S
S22 - S3
|S3 -S3

Multply we get
B,C: 5, S, + S, S + SyS3

we Jet
 fFaon eg'8

Fsom cg
S3 0

eue qet,

Substitcte values & fs7 mafx

jee,
 wKT [b]-[] [a
b a
an
b
L'a
&the Scalea aq maf joe Eplone
18t he chaactesfst of mageT ohen al the
ane tesmnated eth matched load. Aso dere
paot
dhe expseSan o Smatfe Joe magcT.
chanacle>&tPcs magic T
1. 4 too faphace magude cOe fed to
posts, 1 ond a, the output at post s Subtsoctive
nd heoce zevo ood
a0d total utput cutll opeal adetevely
at post 4. ttence poEt SS called the dleacoce oE Fann
4 the Sun TE Hasmn.
Awave mcdet at pot g (Eana) dRfdes equaly
betuue fost t ond e but oposítyen phase wJh
no Coupong to poz (H anm). Thus

3. A Cwove fdot at pozA (Hann) ades egually betoeen

Port s l on d Q tn phase eh no caypng to post 3
(Eann). Thus

4. A ave fed to one collBneaN pot t and , atll not

oppea ih the odhex collBnea posts # ot i, tfence
collrcan çts ondA ane Soolated
aoloted toar ac other,
tea ach

makhg Sig S9 =0.

 - Matfoc repseseabon Joe
mipo8
Wfte the
netoesk

cÓnsSdena fancifon 'n numbs f oectonglan

toavequdes as ohown fn 9.
Depsesonts dhe fheident coave as bespekie poéks
8epsesets dhe selected toave trom mfeo3OVe
fanthon comthq out dhe bepo pecve potts.
b

Jun chon

b
Pocti
bn

Note, The ompeitades cone notmabzed suchdod te

Sote of ony thes vasbables fs the avesaqe Posed
po!, Pin % lan 2

Dejleted Pousef ad ohpos, Pa - %lbnl

where on 4 bn Deps eserts notmals2 el a

Rnedent wove amplotude and a atnabzed seleted

wore cmpbtede at the oth potts
Tn mulkpod mfuowove nckusot k showa ih'e
aej----- ANl, aN Deoesend s notmbzed acident coave
 be,.....bt, bl depr esnts ootma bzed aflete k'wog
bi,
be V ),br=
br VN

"The edpd at ony pot Con be o epoested

htem of scattehg o hrth ots and fhcident coove.
+ SiNC

Tbi S1N a
S1e
be

SNI SN -r SNN
NXN N|

1Detesmhe-the coeetfu?ty e the yst en i the btdiahen

U- Um Cos9
d Sine do do
NKT P

do d Sing os9 Sin20

shao do) d
4
2

27
Um
4
Un
4 (a) Cn)

Um 4
Uo
D4