SSNUP CFP Information Pack

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CALL FOR PROJECTS

MARCH 2024

STRENGTHENING AGRICULTURAL VALUE


CHAINS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA WITH
IMPACT INVESTORS
CONTENTS
List of acronyms ........................................................................................................................................ 2
1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1. Context ............................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2. Rationale ............................................................................................................................................ 3
1.3. Scope ................................................................................................................................................. 4
2. Eligibility criteria .............................................................................................................................. 4
2.1 Applicant criteria ................................................................................................................................. 4
2.2 Project eligibility criteria ...................................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Exclusion criteria ................................................................................................................................ 7
2.4 Eligible costs ...................................................................................................................................... 7
3. Evaluation Criteria............................................................................................................................ 9
4. Process and requirements ............................................................................................................ 10
4.1 Application ........................................................................................................................................ 10
4.2 Implementation, reporting and closing of the project ....................................................................... 10
4.3 Budget .............................................................................................................................................. 11
4.4 Financial reporting ............................................................................................................................ 11
4.5 Contracting and financing ................................................................................................................ 12
4.6 Timeline ............................................................................................................................................ 12
Annex 1 ...................................................................................................................................................... 13

LIST OF ACRONYMS

ADA Appui au Développement Autonome

CFP Call for projects

CSAF Council on Smallholder Agricultural Finance

ESG Environment-Social-Governance

LED Liechtensteinischer Entwicklungsdienst

MFEA Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Luxembourg

SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation

SH Smallholder household

SME Small and medium-sized enterprises

TA Technical assistance

TAF Technical assistance facility

SSNUP Smallholder Safety Net Upscaling Programme

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. CONTEXT
The Smallholder Safety Net Upscaling Programme (SSNUP) is a 10-year programme funded by the
Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Luxembourg (MFEA) as Lead Donor and supported by Lux-
Development, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), and the Liechtensteinischer
Entwicklungsdienst (LED).

The programme aims to address issues related to smallholders’ resilience and food insecurity by increasing
the amount of private capital in local agrifood systems. It relies on the knowledge, experience, and network
of impact investors (asset managers) in agriculture to identify technical assistance (TA) needs of the
aggregators in agri-food systems and implement TA projects to respond to those issues. The
aggregators/beneficiary organisations are agri-SMEs, farmer organisations, or financial intermediaries that
are current or future investees of the impact investors. They work with and serve a large number of
smallholder farmers and are uniquely positioned to contribute to improve their livelihoods and resilience.

Phase I of the Smallholder Safety Net Upscaling Programme (SSNUP) was launched in October 2020 and
will end in December 2024. As of December 2023, nine impact investors are part of the programme, 75
technical assistance (TA) projects have been approved for a total of 180 beneficiary organisations
supported with a SSNUP contribution to TA projects of € 7 million.

1.2. RATIONALE
The call for projects (CFP) is a new component within the SSNUP programme that will be launched for the
first time in 2024 and aims to provide TA funding for impact investors who are not already part of the
programme.

The objectives of the CFP are no different from that of the programme, therefore any project approved
through this new CFP must contribute to the following 3 objectives:

1. Improve the resilience of smallholder households by enhancing their productivity, improving


their agricultural practices, and improving their risk management capabilities and solutions.
2. Strengthen agricultural value chains by supporting enterprises and organisations to adopt more
sustainable and efficient environmental and social practices in order to generate increased income
and jobs and enhance food security.
3. Facilitate additional investments and contribute to de-risking current investments in the
agricultural sectors of developing economies and support the expansion of agricultural value
chains.

The CFP will also serve to:


• Target specific topics that have been identified as important for the programme, such as climate-
resilient agriculture, gender equality, agroecology, food security and nutrition.
• Test a new mechanism/approach to attract projects based on a tender process.

• Collaborate with new impact investors that are not part of the programme.
• Strengthen the regional focus of the programme in sub-Saharan Africa.

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1.3. SCOPE
The call for projects aims to contribute to the three main objectives mentioned above by co-financing TA
projects that support investees of impact investors active in strengthening agricultural value chains in Africa.

The CFP is open to impact investors currently not part of the SSNUP programme and whose investment
activities are aligned with the expectations of the programme, such as members of Council for Smallholder
Agricultural Finance (CSAF) and/or other investors interested in the programme.

The impact investors must have a focus on sub-Saharan Africa in terms of regional focus, agriculture and
the environment, food security and nutrition in terms of topics. While there are no requirements regarding
the size of their investment portfolios or the necessity of having a specialised TA Facility, commitment to
follow established technical assistance management procedures are essential and mandatory.

The TA projects submitted through the CFP should be designed by both the impact investor and their
investee while ensuring they contribute to the main objectives of SSNUP. The implementation of the TA
project should be led by the investee with support from the impact investor, who will remain the direct
counterpart of the programme. The CFP applicant is the impact investor, not the investee.

Project selection criteria are specific with regards to eligible topics, geographical focus areas, type of
beneficiary organisation (investee) and budget. Details regarding the eligibility and evaluation criteria are
provided in the following sections.

The CFP is open until 23h59 (CET) on 30/04/2024, before assessing the batch of submitted projects and
approving those that best adhere to the SSNUP objectives and criteria.

2. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
This section provides information on the eligibility criteria of the applicant, the submitted TA project and the
project related costs.

2.1 APPLICANT CRITERIA


The applicant must be an impact investor (asset manager) with activities focused on the agricultural sector
in sub-Saharan Africa and in line with the three main components below:

1. Investment objectives, strategy, and impact theory


The impact investor:
• Manages one or more investment funds focused on strengthening/developing the
agricultural sectors in sub-Saharan countries (the list of countries is in Annex 1).
• Follows a ‘triple-bottom’ line approach, complying with the environmental, social, and
governance lending principles set by the Council of Smallholder Agricultural Finance
https://csaf.org/lending/esg-principles/ and promoting the adoption of sustainable farm
practices and agroecological principles.

2. Experience/capacity and/or ambition with technical assistance


The impact investor has experience or is willingness to offer specific TA to strengthen the impact
of agricultural investments. This requires that:
• The impact investor is already staffed with at least one specialist experienced in TA
management or has identified at least one staff member who will be responsible for
designing and managing the TA project(s) co-funded by SSNUP.
• The impact investor has the experience or has access to expertise to identify issues and
relevant solutions that could be developed/improved/delivered through a TA project.

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• The impact investor has defined or is ready to define operational procedures to manage
TA projects that:
o ensure best value for money through diligent procurement to select best qualified
service providers.
o enable to monitor TA projects effectively and cost-efficiently to allow for best
results and achievement of expected deliverables.
• The impact investor is able to separate the investment activities from the TA activities in
terms of accounting and decision-making.
• The impact investor is not an existing partner of SSNUP.

3. Openness to impact measurement and knowledge management


The impact investor is committed to cooperate with SSNUP to identify and share results and
lessons learnt in accordance with SSNUP procedures.

2.2 PROJECT ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA


The below criteria provide information on the type of investee that is eligible as well as, regional focus, type
of activities, etc.

1. Type of investee (beneficiary organisation): an agri-SME1 or a farmer cooperative/organisation.


No financial institution/intermediary. One investee per project.

2. Relationship with investee (beneficiary organisation): existing investee of an impact investor


(already benefited from debt or equity investments, no pre-investment TA is eligible).

3. Region: sub-Saharan Africa (see Annex 1).

4. TA project overall objectives: must contribute to at least one of the following topics: food security
and nutrition, improving smallholder farmers’ livelihoods and/or climate-resilient agriculture, gender
equality, agricultural value chain strengthening and development, and/or agroecological
transformation.

5. TA project categories (see table below for more details): the TA project can cover one or several
of the following TA categories, but cannot include only 5.4 - strengthening of internal management:
5.1. Development/improvement/delivery of responsible financial services for smallholder
farmers or other actors in agricultural value chains (credit, insurance, savings, payment
solution, etc.) (by an agri-SME or farmer organisation).
5.2. Development/improvement/delivery of non-financial services for smallholder farmers
(technical support for the adoption of environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable
practices in terms of production, sales, financial management, etc.).
5.3. Development/improvement/delivery of market building solutions to facilitate transactions
between agricultural value chain actors in order to contribute to the sustainable development
of value chains and created added value (digital platform linking producers, traders, input
providers; responsible contract farming implementation; etc.).
5.4. Strengthening of internal management processes of the beneficiary organisation to make
them more sustainable (training, coaching, advising on best operational or financial practices
aligned with ESG principles, etc.).

1 https://www.ifc.org/en/what-we-do/sector-expertise/financial-institutions/definitions-of-targeted-sectors

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Category Areas of TA interventions Beneficiaries
Technical support for the adoption of sustainable farm practices - Smallholder
Development of
non-financial
services (e.g.: climate-smart practices, agro-ecological practices, households
organic farming, renovation and rehabilitation methods, - Investees / AVC
productivity & quality improvements, technology adoption, etc.) actors
Certification support (first time certifications only)

Financial literacy trainings

Conception of client-centric financial products2 (including - Investees / AVC


financial services

market study, design, testing/piloting, review, and refinement) actors


Development of

Distribution of client-centric financial products, from launch to


up-scaling (including innovative delivery mechanism like mobile
& agent banking, product manual, adaptation of management
systems (IT/MIS, internal control & audit, HR),
conception/provision of trainings for staff and clients,
responsible marketing)
Enhancement of market linkages between AVC actors (e.g.: to - Smallholder
reduce food waste, to improve input sourcing, etc.) households
Market building

Digitalisation of access to information, communication, and - Investees / ACV


business transactions between AVC actors actors
(e.g.: information on weather data, market prices, market
linkages, sustainable farm practices; digital payments; tracking
of data & geo location; facilitate transactions such as input
purchase, sales, etc.)
Business development / planning - Investees / AVC
Internal management

Digitalisation of internal processes and client-facing solutions actors

Improvement of financial management


Improvement of risk management
(e.g.: foreign exchange, price, credit, climate, etc.)
Improvement of ESG performance
Improvement of resource management

6. Agricultural value chains: focus on food crops for local/regional markets, in order to maximise
contribution to food security. Cash crops such as coffee, cocoa, cotton, tea, tobacco are not eligible.

7. Duration: 6 months maximum (project must be launched before 31/12/2024).

8. Budget: the TA project budget should only be covered by SSNUP and the investee. The SSNUP
contribution is limited to € 50,000 per project (plus management fees). The investee contribution
must be a minimum of 20% (in-kind/cash) of the total budget. More details available in section 4.

2 All types of client-centric financial services for SHs, like working capital and investment loans, leasing, warehouse
receipts, savings, life & accident insurance, and so forth that financial intermediaries can offer commercially sustainably
to SHs.

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2.3 EXCLUSION CRITERIA
Only applicants and projects that meet the required criteria will be considered.

• Applicants shall not have been the subject of bankruptcy, liquidation, judicial settlement,
safeguarding, cessation of activity or any other similar situation resulting from a similar procedure.
• Applicants must not be involved or invested in any of the following activities:
o Manufacture, sale, or distribution of armaments and/or weapons or their components,
including military supplies and equipment.
o Manufacture, sale or distribution of tobacco or tobacco products.
o Involvement in the manufacture, sale, and distribution of pornography.
o Manufacture, sale, or distribution of substances subject to international bans or phaseouts,
and wildlife.
o Large scale industrial agriculture, gas/oil, and mining.
o Gambling including casinos, betting etc. (excluding lotteries with charitable objectives).
o Violation of human rights or complicity in human rights violations.
o Use or toleration of forced or compulsory labour.
o Use or toleration of child labour.

Applicants must have documents ready for confirmation that they meet the eligibility criteria including
financial statements and any other documentary evidence that might be requested besides the application
form.

2.4 ELIGIBLE COSTS


The following guidelines aim to provide clarity on the specific budgetary costs eligible for SSNUP
contribution, as well as those eligible for the investee contribution:

1. Financial products: SSNUP will not subsidise the cost/purchasing of financial products (including
insurance premiums) or any business transactions with end clients.
2. Fixed assets (non-digital): SSNUP will not subsidise the purchasing of fixed assets including
property, equipment, vehicles, etc.
3. Digital equipment3 (hardware and software): SSNUP can co-finance the purchasing of digital
equipment (up to a maximum third of the SSNUP contribution) necessary for the implementation of
all types of projects with a digital objective (meaning the digitalisation of processes, client-facing
solutions, access to information, communication, and business transactions). In the case of
software solutions developed or improved in the context of the TA project, the intellectual property
rights should be clearly defined in the contract with the service provider developing the solution.
There are 3 options:
3.1. The software solution is made a public good and is available for free (best case).
3.2. The property rights are shared with one or more of the following entities: funders, the
coordinator (ADA), investor, and/or the investee.
3.3. The property rights remain with the developer of the solution (worst case).

3Digital equipment includes laptops, tablets, mobile phones, other hardware devises and software necessary for the
project to achieve its objectives.

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4. Recurring costs of investees: SSNUP will not cover recurring expenses of an investee. However,
in some cases, like that of certifications (see table above), SSNUP can co-finance the initial costs
if there is a clear path to sustainability.
5. Consultants: SSNUP will co-finance the cost of recruiting consultants for a project. However,
5.1. The number of consultants and days allocated should not be excessive in comparison to
the absorption capacity of the investee.
5.2. No consultants shall be co-funded who co-ordinate and/or backstop other consultants as
commonly proposed by consultancy companies.
5.3. In general, local, and regional consultants are preferred to international consultants.
However, if an international consultant is required, it is advisable to also involve a local or
regional consultant to support the implementation of the project and ensure the local
capacity is strengthened.
5.4. Travel costs must be justified for environmental reasons.
5.5. For long-term assignments, opening a new position and recruiting a new staff member by
the investee, instead of recruiting a consultant, to ensure knowledge and competencies are
internalised, is strongly preferred (see below ‘Staff costs’ for more details’).
5.6. In the case of greenfield and ‘immature’ investees (defined as either or small Tier 3
organisation, weak financial performance, slow growth path, etc.), the temporary
recruitment of a qualified specialist into a managerial function to strengthen managerial
systems, introduce new products/services with a strong focus to train local staff on-the-job
may be far more effective compared to the recruitment of short-term consultants. The co-
funding of qualified specialists in senior managerial functions is eligible for the duration of
the project depending on the needs and situation of the investee. The Terms of
Reference/job description must clearly highlight the objectives of building internal capacity
and ensuring their function can be taken over by someone internally.
5.7. Assignments allocated to consultants should always include a component of transfer of
knowledge and competencies to build internal expertise and ensure ownership of the
project. This can be done in a variety of ways such as for example individual coaching of
managers / key staff members, trainings, and workshops, shadowing the consultant on
specific assignments, etc. All this requires that the consultant is able to adapt to what suits
the investee best.
5.8. The cost of a consultant must always be justified and clearly explained in the proposal,
especially if the price is considered high.
5.9. The cost related to consultants can be estimated in the proposal if the consultant has not
yet been identified. It is advised to put a sufficiently high amount in the proposal to keep
flexibility when selecting. If the consultant has been selected already, it is important to
justify the reasoning for the selection.

6. Banking costs and transfer fees: SSNUP does not cover these types of costs as they are
considered to a part of the management fee.
Investee contribution to TA projects can be calculated as in-kind and/or cash contributions and
must follow the same guidelines as the above SSNUP contribution, apart from in the following
cases:

7. Fixed assets (non-digital): The purchasing of fixed assets including property, equipment, vehicles,
etc. can be included as part of the investee contribution as long as those assets are related to the
project in question.
8. Staff costs: Staff costs can only be included as part of the investee contribution when internal staff
provide additional added-value services in the context of the project, which are backed by
timesheets to document the allocated costs.

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3. EVALUATION CRITERIA
The evaluation will be undertaken in two steps.

• Step 1: Completeness check and eligibility criteria fulfilled.


• Step 2: Assessment of the proposal to score the applications according to the following evaluation
grid.

Completeness check and eligibility criteria fulfilled


Step 1

Application - Complete Yes/No


Impact investor - Criteria met Yes/No
TA project - Criteria met Yes/No

Assessment

Relevance to key topics and objectives /20


Step 2

Potential outreach / scalability / replicability / improved investee efficiency /20


Project design (feasibility, probability of success, etc.) /20
Additionality of TA on investments /20
Project budget (budget construction, amount, investee contribution, etc.) /20

TOTAL /100

The aim of the TA projects is to not only strengthen the safety net of smallholder households, but also
increase the impact of investments of the beneficiaries and encourages investors to grow their debt and
equity investments by de-risking investments in their respective agricultural investees.

The TA project proposal should emphasise (1) the value-added for the SHs, (2) the sustainability and
strengthening of the value chain actors, and (3) the risk reduction component for investment.

The following additional aspects should also be considered:

• The strategy of the investee: the TA project should fit within the overall strategy of the investee to
ensure it is coherent and relevant to the objectives of the investee.

• The TA outputs, if successful and relevant, should be integrated into the business model/case of
the investee.

• A description/understanding of the eco-system within which the investee operates and an


understanding of other relevant actors who could potentially add value to the proposal.

• Openness to share the outputs: while a lot of the outputs developed within the framework of a TA
project may be too specific to the investee’s context, some outputs (for example training curricula)
could be of great value when shared with other relevant stakeholders and the wider community.
This should be considered at the proposal stage.

• Project ownership: It should be clear in the proposal that it is the investee driving the project and
thereby taking ownership. For example, the investee could appoint a project manager whose role
is to coordinate and manage the implementation of the project.

• Environmental standards: Investees are not eligible for SSNUP support if they trade or apply
agrochemicals that are on the IFC exclusion list. Investees that trade or apply glyphosate and other
agrochemicals that are in the process of being banned in Europe for their negative environmental

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and health impacts are eligible only if SSNUP supports them towards their clearly intended
transition towards organic farm inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, etc.) and organic/agroecological/
climate smart agricultural practices in line with the 3 main objectives of Climate Smart Agriculture:
Sustainably increasing agricultural productivity and incomes; adapting and building resilience to
climate change; and reducing and/or removing greenhouse gas emissions, where possible.

• Smallholder household (SH) as key outreach target and clearer gender reference: SH is the key
target group of SSNUP as the smallest economic entity with on average 5 household members in
SSA. This avoids potential double-counting of smallholder farmers. SH outreach constitutes the
most important first-level outcome indicator for SSNUP. This also helps to avoid female farmers
outreach targets that may easily be mis-interpreted. The SH refers per se to a 50% - 50% female
– male targeting without any specific gender targeting. The gender targeting comes in, if investees
target, for example, agricultural value chains which are particular important for women and where
women control revenue or, for example, if they target women-led farm households, etc.

• Regarding the budget construction, size and investee contribution, the following elements will be
considered:
o Size of the investee, the number of SHs supported, its current financial, social, and
environmental returns/performance, and its market positioning (i.e. degree of how it can
shape/influence its value chain(s)).
o Growth potential and scalability of the investee’s business model(s) supported by the TA
and the potential outreach in reaching larger numbers of SHs.
o TA absorption capacity of the investee.
o The contribution share of the investee should be in line with its financial capabilities.

4. PROCESS AND REQUIREMENTS


4.1 APPLICATION
• Applications must be written in English.
• The SSNUP CFP application documents, including the 1) TA Project Proposal Form (Word) and
the 2) TA Budget and Planning (Excel), must be used and are available on the SSNUP website.
The completed CFP application documents, together with additional documents (see Project
Proposal Form), should be consolidated in one folder.
• All applications must be submitted by the 23h59 (CET) on 30/04/2024 through this online form.
Please note that the folder/files must be zipped before uploading to form (how to zip a folder/files).
• After review of the projects by the SSNUP TA committee, a decision will be sent by email from the
SSNUP TA committee to the applicant (approval/rejection) in early June 2024.
• Only applications that follow the submission formats and include all the necessary documentation
will be considered.

4.2 IMPLEMENTATION, REPORTING AND CLOSING OF THE PROJECT


• The impact investor is responsible for the implementation, data collection and reporting of the TA
project vis-à-vis SSNUP. The coordinator of SSNUP will be available to support these processes
when/if necessary.
• A private Teams channel will be set up between the SSNUP coordinator and impact investor to
facilitate the sharing of information and documents.
• The launch of the TA project must take place before 31/12/2024 and the implementation must last
for a maximum duration of 6 months. Any approved projects not launched before the end of 2024
will be annulled.

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• Once the project is completed, the SSNUP Project Completion Report, which includes narrative
information as well as data on the financials and KPIs, must be sent 2 months after the end of the
project at the latest (e.g. 15/08/2025 for a project launched on 15/12/2024). Given that the projects
have a maximum duration of 6 months, there is no reporting requirements during the
implementation stage.
• Based on the above report, the SSNUP Project Results document, which is a two-page
presentation of the project that consolidates the results and achievements of the project as well as
the lessons learnt, will be drafted by SSNUP with the support and approval of the impact investor
before publication on the SSNUP website.

4.3 BUDGET
• The TA project budget should only come from two sources:
o Contributions from SSNUP
o Contributions from the investee.
• SSNUP contribution is limited to € 50,000 per project.
• The investee contribution must be a minimum of 20% of the total budget.
• A maximum of 2 projects per eligible investor can be selected and co-funded by SSNUP.
• In addition to the abovementioned SSNUP contribution, SSNUP also offers a management fee to
the impact investor for managing the project. The management fee is calculated at 11% of the
actual expenses of the SSNUP contribution and is paid after the completion of the project.

4.4 FINANCIAL REPORTING


• The financial expenditures of each TA project are broken down into 4 categories:
o Project personnel: Consultants and specific staff costs
o Travel: Travel, accommodation, per diems
o Equipment and materials: Digital equipment and training material
o Miscellaneous: Other costs associated and agreed upon
• The accounting documents (invoices, contracts, and other related documents) of each category
should be archived by each impact investor. These documents should be saved, along with any
other related project documents such as the deliverables and reports, on a specific Teams channel
that will be set up by the coordinator. The coordinator reserves the right to check the accounting
documents during the duration of the partnership. This right of inspection is also valid for an external
auditor during a financial audit.

Categories SSNUP contribution Investee or other contribution


• For consultants
o Contracts
o Terms of Reference (TOR)
o Invoices
o Final reports
Project
Personnel • Staff costs
o Employment contract (and job • Sworn and signed statement
description when possible) detailing the total amount of
o Sworn and signed statement which o In-kind contribution
includes the number of days spent o Cash contribution
on the financed activity and
estimated total cost • Invoices (when possible)
Travel • Invoices
Equipment • Invoices
and materials
• Invoices, training material, training
Miscellaneous attendee list & pictures, certifications,
studies, TORs

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4.5 CONTRACTING AND FINANCING

• A partnership contract between ADA (SSNUP Programme Coordinator) and the selected applicant
will be signed once a TA project is approved.
• Disbursement of the SSNUP contribution to the TA budget in two tranches:
o 80% upon signature of the contract,
o remaining amount together with the management fees (11% of actual expenses covered
by SSNUP contribution) after approval of the final narrative and financial reports by SSNUP
Programme Coordinator.
• Contracts between the impact investor and the investee or the service provider must adhere to
requirements and procedures of the impact investor.

4.6 TIMELINE
The CFP will be open after publication on 15 March 2024. The indicative timeline provided below is subject
to change. Kindly monitor the SSNUP CFP website for up-to-date information.

15 March 2024 Application open

8 April 2024 Deadline for questions in writing

15 April 2024 Final FAQ document published

30 April 2024 (23h59 CET) Deadline for submission

Early June 2024 Decision by email

The FAQ will be updated progressively throughout the application period.

For more information on SSNUP: http://www.ssnup.org and for any additional clarification, please contact:
ssnup@ada-microfinance.lu

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ANNEX 1
Annex 1 - List of 47 eligible countries

Country Sub-region Income (OECD source 2020)


Angola Central Africa Lower-middle income
Benin West Africa Low income
Botswana South Africa Upper-middle income
Burkina Faso West Africa Low income
Burundi East Africa Low income
Cameroon Central Africa Lower-middle income
Cape Verde West Africa Lower-middle income
Central African Republic Central Africa Low income
Chad Central Africa Low income
Comoros East Africa Lower-middle income
Congo, Dem. Rep. Central Africa Low income
Congo, Rep. Central Africa Lower-middle income
Djibouti East Africa Lower-middle income
Equatorial Guinea Central Africa Upper-middle income
Eritrea East Africa Low income
Eswatini South Africa Lower-middle income
Ethiopia East Africa Low income
Gabon Central Africa Upper-middle income
Gambia West Africa Low income
Ghana West Africa Lower-middle income
Guinea West Africa Low income
Guinea-Bissau West Africa Low income
Ivory Coast West Africa Lower-middle income
Kenya East Africa Lower-middle income
Lesotho South Africa Lower-middle income
Liberia West Africa Low income
Madagascar East Africa Low income
Malawi South Africa Low income
Mali West Africa Low income
Mauritania West Africa Lower-middle income
Mozambique East Africa Low income
Namibia South Africa Upper-middle income
Niger West Africa Low income
Nigeria West Africa Lower-middle income
Rwanda East Africa Low income
Sao Tome and Principe Central Africa Lower-middle income
Senegal West Africa Lower-middle income
Sierra Leone West Africa Low income
Somalia East Africa Low income
South Africa South Africa Upper-middle income
South Sudan East Africa Low income
Sudan East Africa Lower-middle income
Tanzania East Africa Low income
Togo West Africa Low income
Uganda East Africa Low income
Zambia South Africa Lower-middle income
Zimbabwe South Africa Lower-middle income

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