GENERAL OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER SYSTEM LAB 1 HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS. Objectives: After performing this lab, students should be able to > explain the fundamental history and development of computers. > identify each of the historical computational aids and their inventors as well as stating their function(s). > use some trivial computational aids to solve real word problems. BACKGROUND From the earliest time, the need to carry out calculations has been developing. The first steps involve the development of counting and computational aids such as abacus. All such machines invented before the twentieth century are not computers, but they are simply called COMPUTATIONAL AIDS. Examples include abacus, Lattice method, Napier's rods/bones, Pascal calculator, Leibniz stepped-down, Colmar's Arithometer etc. ACTIVITY 1.1 aie Pascal ’s Caleulator ii Lethaitors Caleales iv9 — Difference Engine vi Hollerith? s punch card viiiquestions. answer the following | aids labeled I~ X putational ai f each computat 1. Using I~ X given above, (@ identify the computational (ii) State the inventors of each cor Gi) Discuss at least one function of ids mentioned in 1 (i) above. ional aid in 1 (i). | .. Write short note on: ' Gu | Gi | (iii) VI (iv) VI (v) VII (i) Ifthe Detta State University Community procured 333 bags of oranges for consumption during their academic session, where each bag contains 24 oranges. Your task as a CSC200 student is to use the method in the figure labeled VII above to compute the total number of oranges consumed by the university community. (ii) Suppose you want to add up 2,364 and 3,473. Draw the computational aid in figure labeled II] above, showing the reading of each of the operands and their sum. \ COMPUTATIONAL —AAi ‘ [nlvewrO2 Nagiec's bong. “ohn Naaer?S op Zotlaad Pascal’s Caleutador Ryaise B ool Phacus Chinese Lclucatromsts Leibnity’s calculator Cotte wd letbacts?s Acalyboal Laguae Charles Za ¥bage _Ditteronce frane charles Babine e Lactic method Unknown Holleerth?s p wach Cod Herman Hellowit Marta Mok | towed [awen Atanase Pyrry Com puter Chifoed Beary $ Fla sceat Question) | iit ~ FunctiodS oF Me ComputaTovAl ud \ Nloore’s bone $ Te duce wsese the bone rods Ie adddion, swohaclon saul catron ond clair secon fear 5 cs wacth the help OL meres awon 0 of » ee. @Abaous=2 tl sa _osleul: addelron, Sublraction sas fy ond spalcly | GP hetbarte?s Galewistor $ doa computteclronl aid sed “Ho P&focm oc da Mm, Ubephealnon andl dapseon ecling claec sed 1a perfoemua @ Asalyircal Laqae 4 UL ts risecltin inmpe-sle “he veo, 0} : A 1 ada ancl \nstruchs Us yseol to pepo offpedsnl weats7 @ Diltecence faginet equatrons @ Ladtre @ Hollecsti2s punch card 4 his used’ to Gnd o fasler vor dy comacte Census +s also use carol 4 Stove la focmstrsa Z @Bactacd mack? v1 used to ceade bablshe foe the. Als Nowy @ Alanasd Ben Camper's bis used’ fox Song the - medical equstroet Quvestoy Prascaps CAlMLATOR | thioas tonented mm bbaa by A teah stents} call cd Aeise pascal . [1 1 prevedt “the peschon_ot chaste orth the hel Of qeore iq LE ABACUS The Abacus emerged about SODO years ago \o Agra minor and us nowy to be the fest Mecheoic ‘alloca rch yeas form) on anf ‘Srbaclten at ease ct Ss Onde 0} wooden fame in tobth— Teed where tlbed aco8S counol beads sliding onthe vids “dts clancled nda “hoo parts called’ Heaven f ecuth Direeeenice CNG inte “« Lf pegorm depperendral equeden sthe cifferente enc s_an ctomatec meChonrcal laule bor clossgast ab (ynomral as tt caleulated finctroas bu ismag small set Ofheaclor ~ AY Holerai7#?s Duencu cael usecl cards fy choce cloder infavaredrea wh h he fect rato ine that c Ire ci vfuch puch cord repeesented One aumbee aad centbrasibesi OL * Hold ectth’® medhec! unches copecsented yne lebfer. 3 ss Qf ata Storage method for clala ancl thes help reduoe | pd rS Quelon Bi Questnm Sit 3 3 3. TH +o os al Oo“ oAl [| 3 4 Ye el bo bos, | W747 t+. $4 Va/2A | Pb ten. - | 94 2 gf us Hence 4a3nag = 1992 » 2 ; e 3 4 |vet LAB 2 b INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SYSTEM | Objectives | After performing this lab, students should be able to } > Explain what a computer is as well as those functions it performs. > Mention what makes up the computer system. > Distinguish clearly between computer hardware and software. > Discuss the basic structures (categories) of a computer component. > Identify intuitively the various computer hardware. > Discuss the function(s) of the various computer hardware. > Classify the various fundamental hardware components. > Enumerate the components of the computer motherboard and explain their functions. > State the various categories of computer software. > Classify correctly any given computer software. BACKGROUND . ‘A computer is an electronic device (machine) which is capable of accepting input, process the input to give output (information) and could also store such information into itself. A computer is composed of hardware and software, and it exists ina variety of sizes and configurations. The term computer hardware refers to the physical components of the computer such as CPU, while the computer software simply means the instruction that makes the computer work. The computer hardware mentioned above can be categorized further based on the functions they perform, likewise the computer software. ACTIVITY 2.1(OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER) |. Mention the five basic operations performed by the computer. 2. In what sense is “data” different from “information” in the study of computer science? 3. Computers can be classified based on three parameters and some of these parameters can be sub-divided, Hence, make an analytical diagram of the classification tree showing the basic categories, sub-categories and examples of computer under each sub-category. Write out the full meaning of the following acronyms in computer science. ICSC COM pute Scr ence CPU Central processing) unct GiiJOMROpracet mack aclCnee (ivJVDU visual olisely unre (JOS Opegatrg SySlens (vi) VO (nprel TOuuGaadji Swe base pptatna oy the compile i Inpubsrs, clota t_stermo, colada, 1 Bw cessing clala We Conbollorg ¥ Gaia OcL tht oulpal | 2: DATA bs a representa tron O} fa Ltrawe ac lola vf cle nm ad na 1S rave thatis been Oc Gansed Of pee wl oO Meanrh ofl fasroa a Classetcaton a) O mputem MAIC Conn Laptops euch Computeng |ACTIVITY 2.2 (COMPUTER SYSTEM)Figure 2.1 From the diagram below, identify the following ~ LL Speaker IL slem_unet TL Aen to = IV. Kew oad V. Mouse VI. macrophen 2. State the one function of each item listed in (1) above. L ab conets electacal siagnal to soul TL tt betp wn funceoama all othe. COmpancn ML. rspla AU ina) inthe Computes Syste, WV. gl & cSecl #0 Enter Cha. cles acl -ficetia V. Uk ts Usecl for Ce L us Moe. Coato: rag +the Cusor +0 ccreasthe pts. VIAL © use, to poject the ~torce ty the talen lonodl (iben ary the computer system in figure 2.1 above based on the classifications mentioned in compere Syslen Class throxtr~ Speak e~ Oud uct ce uart Cenfre! Pro essin9 alee Key bowel Inpul doce Mouse In put clo.tce Micro Phot Output cloywce -Menite.< Ste 4 donc’~ « ACTIVITY 2.3 siraotures (oF eategories) oF COMPUIET hay : : The diagram below depicts the basi component. Identify I-V TNT Funct at et Cone Gark ane Aare 2. Write short notes on Gt Gi.) IT (ii Gv)IV (wv 3. State the functions of the following (ALU (ii) CU sunt 8 Ue ‘ lewce ~ these we Pewrammes fac processing Crastectors Lf Necceasse, ay Ht he aa te wtp’ 3 labour wleswe lnvoluing the Keying O4 dat arn “a Koy baarel : MEMORY UNIT 2 Memory Means @ Place fo. de. ge The art elon to the Commute haclroace Pevices lavoluecl te ths Sorane Of informed fo, Imarect rate o ahe- USe- ComfRel UN: he conbol lunet ws tavolue in Contoltiag all Opeations (yco Pita. pee a 11a _cunclOl ope-alron ncle the Compute, Output ut Wh 6 alse Knovon asthe pul pud cleus + a hom the pamoute to ALiy a oclewmece usec to send cleat = Pcamople Lnchcle monty ] chsplouy Or boactarst ifs cosult Peajectns panlice sate " =A " - oo digte Cacuet used 0a focan Qrith mire and inerclapes hr fadomental purllmg block of the a couple. il repcosent Central process vagy tart XCPu of D AWE UW slarde-pas Arithmebic_logicuod tbs usec! for po-forming aecthmare ancl logical opeab os dos oa part @ the CPY. that manages ochelas ia He omourlaton OQ) Belhmofre Operateoo CU + tl stands tor Control unt > Tuactron ASDeleemmaton of the adelress 04 fle Next instiuchus -(he Qfectnee address Othe ae ste- by tdentety rome a lds 2 and tn an acllress rey pstenACTIVITY 2.4 Identity the following haniware below Nopry dh sk ‘- Herel claus— | 2. Discuss the functions of each of the following hardware above in a computer system. Thorny Nsk Ul stores compiler files ta a pa lable packeg e anclilis also calfed a _disice Hagd Dis Daves Ul pacmaneal ly Clofa oa a compte: + the the Pamang Compl e Go.ace Stores ancl rothiue ouece Ligiiy Pea il 1 used £9 draw prefure or select Meauw op TTouctt Ba: tl cs Usect fae porting oa a screen, 4! “s an alle note fer -the mouse worth the Users 4 feages en puber Spneate ey Tovstye K *. they are in pil dewee ofita Sed bo Loabol urder Qansot = Thes usu ave One a- moe push bation “Whese stele cen be 4 by the compu te. TRack Baglz-u ts a poling dource that alloves You aoe Aho cusor Onlhe Screen wh the leet button allows yeu fo click anclfhe right 9 sorfch thecusor behseen cis plays SCnaiee » Uva de gute! dewice that allover: to Convict films, documents aad 9 photography pnils to digstel tmage Screen clocument whreh cag be Seat er PRiatter:. Trp dradtal dela ty Pentel meclva tt coubl Le ethetort Or graphre Orel put CD- Rona Pawte sub opens clocumed m dala cNS Such ae ddes packs 2s, Wocl documents 4 offyer files CD + Rom’. Sleres Computer dole oy ve pluc, Lect ond _ougleo hey cave Popular fo~ Sof{yoo. € aed olhve oulhappheshoa Cl. Rent commnaly shores up tp JOUMB Qy tnformoctran G..ACTIVITY 2.5 (/O DEVICES) 1. What are input devices? ye>e_accegl, cl a on i, List six input devices. bec 2@r R at pen o “Ophical Mole Rede LOM D ii_ Enumerate three output devices. am $e Monrhs— Speater > iii, Classify thé hardware in Activity 2.4 as either input or output device. ClAS@ EI CAT Lo Harp Wane “basse Ke Out ral wee e —Hord ask Onvé CHSdF ‘oul ore - Iealrt pen A clei te @ uct oa Yep chestet @ 5 4 re fence BAT) pa gee e Can be theuf-alatece -O' (NBO Balt at eS CD-Rom Output Mperee 2. From the diagram below, identify1 @ Funeboa Keys (i) speciel Keys Gi) “Lae k Ie eys (ivy Numenc Key: ()_ normal Keys (vi) “Bsreect (vit) SYSTEM UNIT) ACTIVITY 2.6 (THE made up of three 1. The ental Proces (i) Gi) “CEn: Gi) Leg St ean _ ‘Atypical front view of the system unit is presented in the diagram below. Identify the parts labeled.ut of the labeled pa 2, Identify the hardware below and henee give the name E List 10 hardwares you know inside the system unit. Botley ie a c : = : mu Slots aS: ROM Ch io. fact chip m chro slat y t eee: ose - Gove en Blo bslap2. Briefly explain the functions of the following ( Power supply unit ed. et r er LACT Com 1 Lsoctet +o ufo, e “Each Compsnent Werks poprly (i) Display adapter card UE Based fo process images sothat they can be chsplayef Da the months UE is responsibly fo genes tong the hak appears onthe System saa. ges ther (ii) RAM chips Pa storage place thet ts_meadl fr dels sed by nme while be Daz opeceding austem od Other Commate ts in use (iv)ROM chips OM 7. Write out the full meaning of the following: ()RAM- Random ACCess Memory| fi (ROM Q eat only Memor OES" myersal Senral r : (i) PCI- 1. Pee Ai Or (v) DRAM - Be cl mm ces. CORPO “Crasable peugunmne-ble Rea 0# ly ane CO EEFONE ter cally Bresable pagrnmnne bleh eect Memer viiy wa dushral Stondaed rch reduce (OU Uniotecriplshle Poe Supe OT Yo vlelt - Pacllacal: | ACTIVITY 2.7 (SOFTWARES) each of these groups can 1. Computer software'can be broadly classified into two groups. However, se gro be classified further into various groups. Draw a labeled diagram showing the classification tree and give two examples on each sub classification. 2. Name the following software below. 1 Mcrosopt Eeeal=== — Gaile VEB PAG IX oe me median player 1 Mecosott _fxcel ii, Micro sald -Crolo-e iii, Meee oer ee2. What does the following keyboard shortcuts represent? @CTRL+Z- Undo dateted works ox (eee GoCTRL+X- Cutteack (iii)CTRL +A - fhghtegh all ee colect At tert (iv) ALT + F4- Close the ache cocoa! Programm @ CS (WALT + CTRL +P- “To _preat gre yievs rocumentLAB 3 - DATA REPRESENTATION ‘After performing this lab, students shouldbe able to > explain the details of how computer repres Know more about numer system nse te understand the binary, octal, and hexad a 3 octal, and hexadecimal number system. perform basic operations (arithmetic) on number system. discuss the fundamentals of I's and 2's complement. vv BACKGROUND Data is represented in a computer by means of simple on/off switch and digitally this becomes 1 and 0. ‘The most basic unit of information in a digital computer is called a bit, which is a contraction of binary digit (0 or 1). However, the collection of bits is called a byte and the computer uses a byte to represent a single character. ACTIVITY 3.1 1. How many characters are there in each of the following? i) Welcome to DELSU, you are now in CSC200 practical class. ii) Precious: What're you up to? ‘Yakubu: I'm going to the campus. Precious: Can I come with you? Yakubu: Oh Yes!You can come with me. iii) I was taught this codes in one programming class | attended: 10 CLS 20 PRINT “WELCOME TO DELSU” 30 END, iv) What score are you expecting in this course? 2, How many bits are there in the following? i) Computer science is my best course ever! ii) ALL THAT GLITTERS ARE NOT GOLD ii) 1 was given a total sum of #25,000:00 for my accommodation allowance. jv) My e-mail address is [email protected] but You can still reach me via [email protected] ‘56 Chew cles hone ef Se cha-a ces jel _chacactee Characters 10 Bt Qo belt cl S$ACTIVITY 3.2 (BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM) ed below: {number in base two) 1. A conversion game is illus To convert 4949 to binary 2% =3 2]2* =1 6 1 1 Since 49 = 32 + 16 + 1, hence 49 = 11000110 . using this methodology, convert the following decimal numbers to binary @ 1994 Gi) 2016 ii) 757728 (iv) 3141310 (wv) 080419200 2. The above techniques can be used to convert from binary to decimal as follows: converting 10112. to decimal, we have 1 6]8 4 1 0 1 1 Thus, 10111,= 16444241 =2349 Now, convert the following to decimal using the above methodology Gi) M0011 (i)000011002 (iii) 101010102 (iv) MNO1NTN111 (v) 110110001101101101 | 12% sldagt ots 510[ Of ase Jstael 9°. Gal aS a0 [aft ous | 1 t i = ce teat an Pog oso | 2°) suace \994 = Jon + 4+ oe¢ 4 aad = WI Hidotto. faeton Tesig i 7 TE Te 2 ed ]9"= 519 oes eel ie Gy ara Qtate ee ae} \ \ 1 A race Pole = 109F a5204 2se © | Oo olb = WN onbOs 8ee . =) a sovaecl 2216s] 2’ ig, \ ame _ a ¢ss36| 25. 32764! 2 ao9e| at t+ 1 | 2 aa slor|_o2 sul aFas cl ye] 2° 64 b% a2 [ote - | t {it la Lt [elie t - - Since 1S7]a¥=Sav opt 4 (314742 4 3276 J DoE (tool asp tiny tout ae 157727 = 10 Woof Ooaoo, 97! 22097 2. orgs7e | geo age |o'% 2621 al a'?=(31072 i Q t \ i w2ess36 o#2 82165 aMettsra pi sma| a tone i \ L 2 2 os | a%e sal 97 asel ge | at Gal 2% =a0l a%. lel a8 + [ya |2' 2 TE 1 | vte tr} eli i! Sia gidigio = 2097152 4924 I8k Ep 6nsd 4+ iai9724 5536 + 216% Hosea $6199 4 Jodg-t lord dsip blog 432tie4 d42 Bid igo = dotnuro til Olli O 2048 I f*. @r0sseu| 97% aassadal 9. 16177214 D3. pase bos] 2 Vas g4 sed I o oO 1 I YE 2047159 112% Lous? o's 54 28¢| 9% 2onud |! $970 ala" ess36 © © i ° 8 \ eae < [PL legsa| 222 e102 [2".ao9e Peaoay |g! tor |2°-s12 oO | 9 ( | io 2 | ! ne Fal ata16 | 27 giza [2°21 ° | A | 0 0 ” ‘Snce_OF0 4)9200 = Syoreed 16 ¢ Gord 4I Wiggs S29 Fae +\31012 465536 +4096 p204¢ +2564 \2e O84iq 200-0 vol oll Ooo/1 0011 900.0000 \ a, 2, [ie |s |4 i » fo [oa ty th Thus "00M, = co Heta+1 = SSwtas loa |r| 16 © o jo | 6 Covoitloo = $44 = Yo 16434] «142| 4076] goa] \o24 [oral as6 var[ osha sh \ t \ eos ays Tien ‘ith Wo 2317 toel gal aa | iot e fala tt IT} o]t [ofr fol rte foy 01010, = jog 43218 +2 = 11018 112 | esse 216¢] 163¢e] 6192) 4096] Does 286 {19 | i_tifo 1 [i fo [lb [i lt to 64 |20 Ne Ie Ja Jott ) \ Jo ttt tort Holeodfpil iol, = 22206),0a ACTIVITY 3 1. A Microsoft word document (text only) has the following size, determine: (a) how many characters it contains? (b) how many bits are there in each file? (i) 256Kb GidIMb (iii) 1.23Mb (iv) Mb (Gb raluate the following: ) 1101, + 1110, i) 11011011001, + 101111101, iii) 1001111, ~ 01010, iv) Subtract 10.1001, from 101.0110, (v) W101, 10111, in: (a) the 1's complement (b) The 2's complement of your answers in question 2(i) above, 101. ol ot) LLGLIOOls + Tom 10's dpi ooo), i 10 1) ory. 000°) O1ONO, Svoonil =“arer9 ; 4 oui — _Oloig = Yoo Oa1Dis t — Tohacl 10- Wolg farm 101 ON7 101 010_ = Lo 10.0! jor t10 1 _ACTIVITY 3.4 (OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM) 1. Evaluate the following: i, 125(in decimal) = _115 (in octal) i. V16714 .4=71752u0 iii, 25.64, = 3 1501S am 2. Sum up 2638p, and 42759 it, O3 57 sane + 643 1 ae 3, Evaluate 362,4%7 1 Sau ISS 8 67110. 4, 1110111111 in binary is equal to {671 in octal 5. The number 2 in octal is the sameas____¢ Q_in binary. i) The next octal number that follows 7177 is_1.2 OO. (ii) In octal numbering, the fourth number after 1775 is _QOO. : {iv If 17,, is added to a certain number in octal and the result yields 2016, What is the value of the number? 1177 20\4 es 1427 ACTIVITY 3.4 (HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM) 1. Evaluate the following: i. Convert 111101101011110 binary to hexadecimal ii, Convert BCD,,, to a number in binary ULoO | Bp 5 Ee = 18 SC vex WORE De eee to Nooo) .*. Totitieote) 2. Evaluate the following in hexadecimal. i, (EBA+ BEEF)XADA ii, BEEF-BABA iii, FCOBA-EF9DC iv. FOOD - DODO CER Cer EDA GUOsa ® & T19VAVAV VV VD egg es Boce BAB BABS —Ae3 Bt TECGRA = EFS KCUNIT 2 NG METHODOLogy proGRAMMI! INTRODUCTION Oe rOBLEM SOLVING. ING ELEMENTARy Mm SOLVING US LAB 4 ~ PROBLEM MING TECHNIQU Objecti i slab, students should be able to After performing this Jem using computer. > understand the approach of solving prob! > understand the basies of Algorithm and Pseudocodes- > explain the concept of flowchart and its different kinds. > get acquainted with fundamentals of programming. BACKGROUND Computers do what we tell them to do, NOT what we want them to do. Hence, using the computer for problem solving involves the sequential process of analyzing information related to a given problem and generating appropriate response option. To accomplish this, there are some basic steps and rules to follow. Computer programming, on the other hand, involves writing instructions and feedine them to the computer in order to complete a task. ACTIVITY 4.1 (PROBLEM SOLVING) 1. Itemize any 6 steps in a sequential order that you would take while using th computer to solve a problem. ao i i fesbl erm ablem Defaikser Occ WWeahpetsn . Dae Lyze—stler gable iii. ii, Rearact Polenlanl SohebweACTIVITY 4.2 (ALGORITHM) (1) What do you understand by Algorithm? An —eleocrth mts o frale Set af well oleserved Slep-b, Step methocl , padeeclices Or niles fo. Salve ° govea problem oe 1. (ii) Is there any different between Algorithm and Pseudocode? If yes, explain your view. Nes there tara di¢eceat » An al h, foal clea nel eS Wralnad Since psendacade a { n= method ihrle pseudacacde aa Tingieht Like repeseatadnoa 2. State any four characteristics of algorithm you know i, ut must b< deforde aout ome temenote Le vmusthaue a geod Begmamg and a specctre en id must be concedt iv AL the well depmred 3. Write an algorithm for each of the following problems. i. To find the sum of two numbers ii, To compute the average of three numbers. iii, To find the largest of two positive numbers iv. To find the area of a triangle. v. To score a pass mark in CSC200. 1 Te fd the sum 04 dro cm bbe neabt 58 SkeP ww pe ama oa ee a OW comple ee epee 0p Aare osm SATS Belolming the fest name” SOS, Boat Beker fe tenes Cal Sige all ot D——__ eatin ¢ the Sto leps 2 Bake mine the thriel Mumbe- Coll WAS ww 7 val vt Stee itnda the Sum 01 1B ong Sire Skee 2 Present the result To fead tho aceon Of tom a-eglt Step | § Oblaw value be base beb Slip B= baw val 4 tor heget. eh StF ID Map ly rhe@at acl hate 4. t =RhL Ftp 2 Pose Steps ? Slop “Te Sqre pass mack WN CSC 20% Shen |? stat Step 2: Debermne pass Mak fo Csc 900 <0 tep 3+ Enter hideat Srore Slep4* Doplay fart V.stident at T . \ ~ Pe x tey S¢ Boles student Aodects Step 6. Bart= ACTIVITY 4.3 (FLOWC HART) 1, What do you understand by flowchart? chart 2. _ State the name o! i f the following symbols and their functions to flowchart \ roewurenie, <> < Gua) ecissoq Stact [Stop LN fapitlost vat tvs connect 4 fravo ith ys usalto casey pul Ope-ahiA oe bleat i toe co tll dhe poval_al ssh the aii 2 dece ws mace iii, Ue vs _usecl to clenatethe beoro ord eadag 04 Mlovrghect WP nid bs denote making dale cifesstble o> inp fF ond oud pd vibe used 10 dlenole cootroua ‘ vise fo clencle. the clectro of fle 3. How many types of flowehart exist? ji, Name and explain each of the types that exist. iii. Use any of your examples to illustrate cach types of flowchart we have. A -here are 44 hive chazt they indude ~the eolaplic xepresenslecnsn. el! cts pacess« tBu stem plea Sha i Yehwecn eilery Wa SIC fod ust be Clone bsg he_ clon Shy oot: this Tongs oul the blocks ao) [ howe they occur tn 1 pachaslar -lesk {_ ©, 41 Program Flow Ch by dht steps a ¢ sof sl Oncl ; presenter ogee ton as yell asthe ty Peogram =the Inact-outodt (1007 choclace ws ells tt Pome) Nanquage for easy unclestancln mn DDoeumact flow chat > Brace Saree) cldeumen! sfoirgs bepods Lpapersaill_ mole fom On bron or clepas ehment ‘f Qnofker lis type oy Plovo chart sl yoboheally all that are requmeal fox h over wend of the foro oy these clocumedt vorthin the Syeteos 1a pecforntiag A pach), C +asy4, Draw a fowel for each o yo algorithm in 2) above chart for each of your algorithm in / hm in (2) above. start Je the aurage of “to Comp Ubsee numbers Rad-the sum of MumberS f «7 treet the tergerd of Poon’ numbed — ) CSler Ca2 Ya bh (O10 find the aren H hemagle |ACTIVITY 4.4 (INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING) 1, What do you understand by Translator? A Lreaslale= ts _a_compecten peg co. (heck _peefocms i peg an Wilde ia & YALE? pags. mg _L age ies raced erally equated! Pao teen b. We have 3 types of translator, namely: i,_Assemble r Compiler s i. Indonpreters ¢c. Enumerate the function that each of the named translator perform its used to frasslele grogeam writlen 10 Assembly Worn) : a Z 7 iii, dvs Aten hight yu sthedd ecechee th Ondo te 2. Source code is said to be different from object code, how? Soucos cocle 1s writ€en 1 high lecel lnaguogwWHD Kiehlol LEERY |Objectives: ‘After performing this lab, students should be able to: LAB5 INTRODUCTION TO BASIC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE. > tell what BASIC programming language is all about. > understand the types of variables and characters supported for use in BASIC. > comprehend the various reserved words or keywords in BASIC as well as their : functions. > recognize the different types of statements used in BASIC. > identify the necessary loop statement to use at any particular point in time while coding t BACKGROUND BASIC stands for Beginner All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. It is a high level programming language that is user-friendly as well as being a general-purpose language. ‘There are various versions (or dialects) of BASIC. Examples include QBASIC, Visual BASIC, Turbo BASIC, GWBASIC, e.t.c. ACTIVITY 5.1 L 2. UNuntric Variable s+ these ae tanrafie thet “Variables are said to be different from Constants.” Explain the statement sepre in clear terms. Variables ove Soud 4 be duteeal from Gorshals bewuSe thes ast slaile they con chonat yo lie une ConSlas/s -thel daact change ducing there 92gcond Obecrbwn . bri be: 2 sefte-ed to drape. tbat copesett Quaciily capable of acceping, clr Nelue's though out dh 1s@ Of pedo wohacl. dewl_1s a qvarkly capable of accopts Pocecl eb Ahaugh of the couce Of pros ASIC and give two examples of each, here names Mryect Slat wha {alles aacdcan be Pollewed yoth Numberd on othe Enumerate the two classes of variables in B. lets 2-4 Name £ 9 Shy Unrrebles + These cinerea peice Wemor aoe dAc\a uooho) 1s 17 an used te _pepresent Characte. 5 ch staquish o Shens Yew sable ble Lol the act oj the tloss Bajable name in BASIC programming vari Outline any three (3) rules in forming ® language. Blanks alid in BASIC. names as either valid or inv: 4. Classify the following variable i, Visual BASIC - \nl ai . Volume_of Sphere- |nvalid ix. Z4-Nalid x. Cirele-4- Valid ACTIVITY 5.2 1. List any,5 arithmetic operations in BASIC. i, Aclditeon <4 bbe acta XK? iti, Decrement <~ = iv. ncce ment 3. List any 3 logical operators in BASIC i R4, _ Listany 8 reserved word or keywords in BASIC. i, Rua ii, Ju iii. pot iv. Sate Explain the function of the following. i. KILL wis used fo olelele pogrom fle thet ave not oxeded ii, RUN ib used to inshuct the computer, to pacess the Cur eat PeQeyram MING. ‘g I iii, READ The shows thet the compde= has payched pencessrag “peogea i aad ts vrttmg efoe othe QAleS raOng f- i OY ACTIVITY 5.3 1. List any 4 commonly used BASIC statements. i Remack stot ment —____—— a iii iv. ta {xl N . List any 2 selective statements in BASIC. i_Swich Shoclem ii, Stee3 Outline a any 2 en or eee cee in BASIC. i Do whe Und St demerit . fx, Neck Stelement ——_———_-