Fig. 6.1 shows a scale drawing of plane wavefronts approaching a gap in a barrier.

direction of wave travel

barrier

Fig. 6.1

(a) On Fig. 6.1, draw the pattern of the wavefronts after the wave has passed through the gap.
[2]

(b) The wave approaching the barrier has a wavelength of 2.5 cm and a speed of 20 cm / s.

Calculate the frequency of the wave.

frequency = [2]

(c) State what happens, if anything, to the frequency of the wave as it passes through the gap.

[1]

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 Sound from a loudspeaker is travelling in air towards a solid wall.

Fig. 7.1 shows compressions of the incident sound wave and the direction of travel of the wave.

P 8.5 m Q
wall

direction of
travel

compressions

Fig. 7.1

(a) State what is meant by a compression .

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) The distance from point P to point Q is 8.5 m. It takes 25 ms for the compression at P to
reach Q.

For this sound wave, determine

(i) the wavelength,

wavelength = ...........................................................[1]

(ii) the frequency.

frequency = ...........................................................[2]

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(c) As it strikes the wall, the sound reflects.

Complete Fig. 7.1 to show the positions of three compressions of the reflected sound wave.
[2]

(d) The loudspeaker is immersed in water, where it continues to produce sound of the same
frequency.

State and explain how the wavelength of the sound wave in water compares with the
wavelength determined in (b)(i).

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 8]

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 (a) State how a longitudinal wave differs from a transverse wave.
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) A sound wave of frequency 7.5 kH z travels through a ste el be am at a spe ed of 6100 m / s.

(i) C alculate the wavelength of this sound wave in the ste el be am.

wavelength = ............................................... [2]

(ii) The sound wave passes from the end of the be am into air.

State

1. the effect on the spe ed of the sound,

............................................................................................................................... [1]

2. the effect on the wavelength of the sound.

............................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

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 (b) Fig. 5.1 shows an electric bell ringing in a se aled glass chamber containing air.

to vacuum pump

bell

Fig. 5.1

A student he ars the bell ringing. The air is then removed from the chamber.

State and explain any change in the sound he ard by the student.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 8]

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 (a) Fig. 5.1 shows an aerial view of wavefronts passing from the open sea into an outer
harbour.

open sea

outer harbour direction of

outer harbour

inner harbour
wall
inner harbour

Fig. 5.1

(i) The wavefronts in the outer harbour are curving at their ends.
Name the process that is occurring at the entrance to the harbour.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) On Fig. 5.1, carefully complete the wave pattern as the wavefronts progress through
the outer harbour and into the inner harbour. Show the rest of the wave pattern in
the outer harbour and three wavefronts in the inner harbour. [3]

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 (b) Fig. 5.2 shows an aerial view of wavefronts in deep water approaching a region of
shallow water where they travel more slowly.

deep water shallow water

direction of
wave travel

interface

Fig. 5.2

(i) Name the process that occurs as the wavefronts pass from deep to shallow water.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) Complete Fig. 5.2 to show possible positions of the five wavefronts in the shallow
water. [2]

[Total: 7]

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