Explain the working principle of sprinkler fire protection system with suitable sketches Automatic Sprinkler Fire Protection system: This fire protection system can detect and extinguish fires in an early stage. A building sprinkler system is an active security measure comprising a network of pipes filled with pressured water, linked to strategically placed automatic fire sprinkler heads throughout the structure. Every sprinkler head includes a heating element, which is regularly represented by a glass bulb that comprises of fluid or liquid; the rapid expansion of this fluid causes it to burst. The liquid inside the bulb causes it to break when sufficiently heated, and allows water from piping around the floor above or directly connected sprinkler system to be piped in on top of a fire. Localized activation prevents the destruction and spreading of fire, which is perfect to suffocate. With real-time triggering the system will respond as soon as an event occurs, increasing life safety and security of your possessions. 02. Explain three different fire suppression systems and their applications in industry.
1. Water Sprinkler Systems
Fire suppression systems, particularly water sprinkler systems are the most widely spread in use and can be found to some extend almost anywhere from commercial buildings or even warehouses to residential complexes. They are a network of pipes and sprinkler heads that have pressurized water in them. Heat from a fire will melt the fusible link or break the glass bulb, which opens one of these valves releasing water onto the fire. These systems are effective where general fire protection comes in concern, especially with flammable environment. 2. Gaseous Fire Suppression Systems Gaseous suppression systems extinguish fires by reducing the oxygen level to a point where combustion is not sustainable, or through inhibiting radical intermediate formation which contribute to sustained in-chain reactions within fire. The most prevalent agents include FM-200, CO2 and Intergern. This makes them perfect for protecting vulnerable environments, like data centers and server rooms or electrical control rooms where water could destroy electronic equipment. They can instantly extinguish a fire that does not leave any residue which minimizes inconvenience and the extent of destroyed property. 3. Foam Suppression Systems Industries where flammable liquids are used or stored may require to use foam suppression systems like oil refineries, chemical plants and aircraft hangars. This type of systems releases a foam-water solution, that spreads over the surface and conducts water as blanket minimizing possible oxygen flow to fire by evaporation (fires must receive heat for burn), as well do not allow gas vapors run away. Function as foam systems (rapid fire control and cooling of hot surfaces /extinguishment), effective where fuels or flammable process materials are a hazard.
