Paper 6 (Titration)
Paper 6 (Titration)
Paper 6 (Titration)
2 A student investigated the reaction between aqueous potassium hydroxide and two different
aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid labelled solution A and solution B.
(a)
Experiment 1
● A burette was filled with solution A. Some of solution A was run out of the burette so that
the level of solution A was on the burette scale.
● A measuring cylinder was used to measure 25 cm3 of the aqueous potassium hydroxide.
● The aqueous potassium hydroxide was poured into a conical flask.
● Five drops of methyl orange indicator were added to the conical flask.
● Solution A was added slowly from the burette to the conical flask, while the flask was
swirled, until the solution just changed colour.
7 16
8 17
9 18
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
● The conical flask was emptied and rinsed with distilled water.
● The burette was emptied and rinsed with distilled water.
● The burette was rinsed with solution B.
● The burette was filled with solution B. Some of solution B was run out of the burette so that
the level of solution B was on the burette scale.
● A measuring cylinder was used to measure 25 cm3 of the aqueous potassium hydroxide.
● The aqueous potassium hydroxide was poured into the conical flask.
● Five drops of methyl orange indicator were added to the conical flask.
● Solution B was added slowly from the burette to the conical flask, while the flask was
swirled, until the solution just changed colour.
7 26
8 27
9 28
Experiment 2
(b) State the colour change observed in the conical flask at the end-point in Experiment 2.
(c) Before starting the titration in Experiment 2 the conical flask was rinsed with water.
(i) Explain why the conical flask was rinsed with water.
........................................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) The conical flask was not then rinsed with aqueous potassium hydroxide.
State how rinsing the conical flask with aqueous potassium hydroxide would change the
volume of solution B needed. Explain your answer.
..............................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................ [2]
(d) (i) Deduce which aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, A or B, was more concentrated.
Explain your answer.
..............................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) Deduce how many times more concentrated this solution of hydrochloric acid was than the
other solution of hydrochloric acid.
........................................................................................................................................ [1]
.....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [1]
(f) Deduce the volume of solution B required if Experiment 2 is carried out with 50 cm3 of aqueous
potassium hydroxide.
.....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [2]
(g) Describe one change that could be made to the apparatus to improve the accuracy of the
results.
.....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [1]
(h) Describe what effect using a larger conical flask would have on the results obtained.
............................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 15]
tests on solid C
Tests were carried out and the following observations were made.
tests observations
test 1
A flame test was carried out on solid C. a red flame was seen
test 2
test 3
(a) Name the gas that turned the damp red litmus paper blue in test 3.
............................................................................................................................................... [1]
.....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [2]
tests on solid D
Solid D was dissolved in water to form solution D. Solution D was divided into four approximately
equal portions in four test-tubes.
(c) A
queous sodium hydroxide was added dropwise and then in excess to the first portion of
solution D.
observations ...............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [2]
(d) Aqueous ammonia was added dropwise and then in excess to the second portion of solution D.
observations ...............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [2]
(e) About 1 cm3 of dilute nitric acid and a few drops of aqueous silver nitrate were added to the
third portion of solution D.
(f) About 1 cm3 of dilute nitric acid and a few drops of aqueous barium nitrate were added to the
fourth portion of solution D.
[Total: 9]
tests on solution G
tests observations
Solution G was divided into three equal portions
in three test‑tubes.
test 1
Sodium hydroxide was added dropwise and white precipitate which did not
then in excess to the first portion of solution G. dissolve in excess
test 2
test 3
About 10 cm3 of aqueous hydrogen peroxide the mixture became brown and bubbled;
was added to the third portion of solution G. the gas relit a glowing splint
The gas produced was tested.
............................................................................................................................................... [1]
.....................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [2]
tests on solid H
(c) About half of solid H was placed in a boiling tube and heated using a Bunsen burner.
observations ...............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [2]
The remaining solid H was placed in a boiling tube. About 10 cm3 of distilled water was added to the
boiling tube. The tube was shaken to dissolve solid H and form solution H.
Solution H was divided into two approximately equal portions in two test‑tubes.
(e) Aqueous ammonia was added dropwise and then in excess to the first portion of solution H.
observations ...............................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................... [3]
(f) Approximately 1 cm3 of dilute nitric acid followed by a few drops of aqueous barium nitrate were
added to the second portion of solution H.
[Total: 10]