Paper 6 (Titration)

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2 A student investigated the reaction between aqueous potassium hydroxide and two different
aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid labelled solution A and solution B.

Two experiments were done.

(a) 
Experiment 1
● A burette was filled with solution A. Some of solution A was run out of the burette so that
the level of solution A was on the burette scale.
● A measuring cylinder was used to measure 25 cm3 of the aqueous potassium hydroxide.
● The aqueous potassium hydroxide was poured into a conical flask.
● Five drops of methyl orange indicator were added to the conical flask.
● Solution A was added slowly from the burette to the conical flask, while the flask was
swirled, until the solution just changed colour.

Use the burette diagrams to complete the table for Experiment 1.

7 16

8 17

9 18

initial reading final reading

Experiment 1

final burette reading / cm3

initial burette reading / cm3

volume of solution A added / cm3


Experiment 2
● The conical flask was emptied and rinsed with distilled water.
● The burette was emptied and rinsed with distilled water.
● The burette was rinsed with solution B.
● The burette was filled with solution B. Some of solution B was run out of the burette so that
the level of solution B was on the burette scale.
● A measuring cylinder was used to measure 25 cm3 of the aqueous potassium hydroxide.
● The aqueous potassium hydroxide was poured into the conical flask.
● Five drops of methyl orange indicator were added to the conical flask.
● Solution B was added slowly from the burette to the conical flask, while the flask was
swirled, until the solution just changed colour.

© UCLES 2021 0620/62/F/M/21


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Use the burette diagrams to complete the table for Experiment 2.

7 26

8 27

9 28

initial reading final reading

Experiment 2

final burette reading / cm3

initial burette reading / cm3

volume of solution B added / cm3


[4]

(b) State the colour change observed in the conical flask at the end-point in Experiment 2.

from ................................................................ to ................................................................. [1]

(c) Before starting the titration in Experiment 2 the conical flask was rinsed with water.

(i) Explain why the conical flask was rinsed with water.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) The conical flask was not then rinsed with aqueous potassium hydroxide.

State how rinsing the conical flask with aqueous potassium hydroxide would change the
volume of solution B needed. Explain your answer.

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(d) (i) Deduce which aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, A or B, was more concentrated.
Explain your answer.

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Deduce how many times more concentrated this solution of hydrochloric acid was than the
other solution of hydrochloric acid.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

© UCLES 2021 0620/62/F/M/21 [Turn over


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(e) Explain why Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 should be repeated.

.....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(f) Deduce the volume of solution B required if Experiment 2 is carried out with 50 cm3 of aqueous
potassium hydroxide.

.....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [2]

(g) Describe one change that could be made to the apparatus to improve the accuracy of the
results.

.....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(h) Describe what effect using a larger conical flask would have on the results obtained.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

 [Total: 15]

© UCLES 2021 0620/62/F/M/21


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3 Two solids, solid C and solid D, were analysed.


Tests were done on each solid.

tests on solid C


Tests were carried out and the following observations were made.

tests observations
test 1

A flame test was carried out on solid C. a red flame was seen

Solid C was dissolved in distilled water to


produce solution C.

test 2

About 5 cm3 of aqueous sodium hydroxide was no change


added to solution C.

test 3

A piece of aluminium foil was added to the effervescence was seen;


mixture formed in test 2.The mixture was damp red litmus paper turned blue
warmed gently and any gas produced was
tested.

(a) Name the gas that turned the damp red litmus paper blue in test 3.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Identify solid C.

.....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [2]

© UCLES 2021 0620/62/F/M/21 [Turn over


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tests on solid D

Solid D was aluminium sulfate.

Complete the expected observations.

Solid D was dissolved in water to form solution D. Solution D was divided into four approximately
equal portions in four test-tubes.

(c) A
 queous sodium hydroxide was added dropwise and then in excess to the first portion of
solution D.

observations ...............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) Aqueous ammonia was added dropwise and then in excess to the second portion of solution D.

observations ...............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [2]

(e) About 1 cm3 of dilute nitric acid and a few drops of aqueous silver nitrate were added to the
third portion of solution D.

observations ......................................................................................................................... [1]

(f) About 1 cm3 of dilute nitric acid and a few drops of aqueous barium nitrate were added to the
fourth portion of solution D.

observations ......................................................................................................................... [1]

 [Total: 9]

© UCLES 2021 0620/62/F/M/21


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3 Solution G and solid H were analysed.

tests on solution G

tests observations
Solution G was divided into three equal portions
in three test‑tubes.

test 1

Sodium hydroxide was added dropwise and white precipitate which did not
then in excess to the first portion of solution G. dissolve in excess

test 2

About 1 cm3 of dilute nitric acid followed by a yellow precipitate


few drops of aqueous silver nitrate were added
to the second portion of solution G.

test 3

About 10 cm3 of aqueous hydrogen peroxide the mixture became brown and bubbled;
was added to the third portion of solution G. the gas relit a glowing splint
The gas produced was tested.

(a) Identify the gas produced in test 3.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Use the results of test 1 and test 2 to identify solution G.

.....................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [2]

© UCLES 2021 0620/62/M/J/21 [Turn over


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tests on solid H

Solid H was hydrated copper(II) sulfate.

Complete the expected observations.

(c) About half of solid H was placed in a boiling tube and heated using a Bunsen burner.

observations ...............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) A flame test was carried out on solid H.

observations ......................................................................................................................... [1]

The remaining solid H was placed in a boiling tube. About 10 cm3 of distilled water was added to the
boiling tube. The tube was shaken to dissolve solid H and form solution H.

Solution H was divided into two approximately equal portions in two test‑tubes.

(e) Aqueous ammonia was added dropwise and then in excess to the first portion of solution H.

observations ...............................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [3]

(f) Approximately 1 cm3 of dilute nitric acid followed by a few drops of aqueous barium nitrate were
added to the second portion of solution H.

observations ......................................................................................................................... [1]

 [Total: 10]

© UCLES 2021 0620/62/M/J/21

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