Number Pattern

A list of numbers arranged in order according to some rule is called a number pattern or a
sequence.
▪ Each separate number in the sequence is called a term.

▪ To find the terms of a sequence, follow the pattern rule. For example, the rule ‘start
with 3 and add 2 to each term’ gives 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, . . .
▪ To find the pattern rule for a sequence, ask:
Is the sequence increasing or decreasing by a fixed amount?
25, 28, 31, 34, . . .
50, 45, 40, 35, . . .
Is each term being multiplied or divided by the same amount?
4, 12, 36, 108, . . .
64, 32, 16, 8, . . .

1. Using the first number and the rule given, write down the next two numbers in each
pattern.
a) 5; add 4 b) 7; add 10 c) 26; subtract 9 d) 45; subtract 15

e) 3; multiply by 3 f) 9; multiply by 4 g) 100; divide by 2 h) 81; divide by 3

2. For each number pattern, write down the next number and the rule you used to get that
number.
a) 3, 7, 11, . . . b) 5, 11, 17, . . . c) 1, 7, 13, . . .

d) 20, 15, 10, . . . e) 37, 30, 23, . . . f) 17, 15, 13, . .

3. Write down the next three numbers in each pattern.

a) 10, 25, 40, . . . , . . . , . . . b) 16, 27, 38, . . . , . . . , . . .

c) 36, 59, 82, . . . , . . . , . . . d) 76, 62, 48, . . . , . . . , . . .
e) 117, 99, 81, . . . , . . . , . . . f) 151, 123, 95, . . . , . . . , . . .
g) 8, 16, 32, . . . , . . . , . . . h) 33, 66, 132, . . . , . . . , . . .
i) 10, 30, 90, . . . , . . . , . . . j) 1, 3, 6, 10, . . . , . . . , . . .

4. Write down the next three numbers in each pattern.

1 1 2
a) 4, 4 2 , …., …., …. b) 3 3 , 3 3 , ….., ….., ……
1 1 1 2 3
c) 3 4 , 3 2 , ….., …., ….. d) 10 , 10 , 10 , ….., ….., ……

e) 5, 5.5, 6, …., …., …. f) 3.2, 3.5, 3.8, …, ….., …..

g) 4, 4.6, 5.2, ….., ….., …… h) 6, 5.6, 5.2, ….., ….., ……
5. Write down the missing number from each pattern.
a) 4, 9, . . . , 19, 24 b) 3, 10, . . . , 24, 31
c) 11, 23, . . . , 47, 59 d) 24, 31, . . . , 45, 52
e) 29, 22, . . . , 8, 1 f) 43, 32, . . . , 10
g) 2, . . . , 18, 54, 162 h) 6, . . . , 24, 48, 96

6. Matches were used to construct these patterns. Write down the number pattern that the
matches represent. Also write down the number you think would come next in the
pattern.

a)

b)

c)

7. Find the next three terms for the following number patterns.

a) 2, 4, 8, 16, ___, ___, ___ b) 5, 10, 20, 40, ___, ___, ___

c) 96, 48, 24, ___, ___, ___ d) 1215, 405, 135, ___, ___, ___

e) 11, 22, 44, 88, ___, ___, ___ f) 7, 70, 700, 7000, ___, ___, ___

g) 256, 128, 64, 32, ___, ___, ___ h) 1216, 608, 304, 152, ___, ___, _

8. Find the missing numbers in each of the following number patterns.

a) 62, 56, ___, 44, 38, ___, ___ b) 15, ___, 35, ___, ___, 65, 75

c) 4, 8, 16, ___, ___, 128, ___ d) 3, 6, ___, 12, ___, 18, ___

e) 88, 77, 66, ___, ___, ___, 22 f) 2997, 999, ___, ___, 37

Finding Pattern rules:

For each of these sequences, write the pattern rule in words.
a) 2, 10, 50, 250, ……. b) 6, 10, 14, 18, ……
b) 32, 16, 8, 4, ……... d) 32, 28, 24, 20, ….
9 Use words to write the pattern rule for each sequence.
a) 19, 17, 15, 13, … b) 48, 24, 12, 6, …

c) 50, 56, 62, 68, … d) 1, 3, 6, 9, …

e) 625, 125, 25, 5, … f) 75, 72, 69, 66, …

10 Write the next three terms in each of the following sequences.

a) 3, 5, 8, 12, ___, ___, ___ b) 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, ___, ___, ___

c) 10, 8, 11, 9, 12, ___, ___, ___ d) 25, 35, 30, 40, 35, ___, ___, ___

11 Only some of the following number lists are sequences. For each list that is a sequence,
write the pattern rule.
a 4, 12, 36, 108, 324, … b 19, 17, 15, 13, 11, …
c 212, 223, 234, 245, 256, … d 8, 10, 13, 17, 22, …
e 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, … f 5, 15, 5, 15, 5, …
g 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, … h 75, 72, 69, 66, 63, …

Patterns with shapes and numbers

Do the following exercise:

1 Jack used matchsticks to begin a pattern of rectangles.

Write the missing words or numbers for each of these.

a Each shape shows some ----------------------------------- made with matchsticks.
b Shape 1 has ___ rectangle, shape 2 has ___ rectangles and shape 3 has ___ rectangles.
c Shape 1 has ___ sticks, shape 2 has ___ sticks and shape 3 has ___ sticks.
d These shapes follow a sequence that is called a _________________ pattern.

2 Jane used matchsticks to make a spatial pattern of houses.

3 Draw the next two terms for each of these spatial patterns.
 Pronumerals and Rules

Do the following exercise:

1 Here is a spatial pattern. Each ‘flower’ is made with 4 sticks.
4 Use each rule to find the output when the input = 8.
a output = input × 2
b output = input – 2
c output = input + 2
d output = input ÷ 2
11. Complete the tables of values using the rules shown at the top of each table.
12. Using the rules below, find the value of y if x is given the value 4.
a) y = x + 7 b) y = x – 3 c) y = 10 + x d) y = 12 − x
e) y = 6 × x f) y = x × 10 g) y = x × x h) y = x ÷ 4

13. Using the rules given, evaluate n if m has the value 7.

a) n = m + 12 b) n = 30 + m c) n = 18 − m d) n = 11 × m
e) n = m × 13 f) n = m × m g) n = 5 × m + 3 h) n = m × 3 − 4
14. Rewrite these rules using the pronumerals indicated in colour,
Cost of bananas = number of bananas times 18 cents
C = n × 18
a) Distance travelled = Speed times Time
b) Area of a rectangle = Length times Breadth
c) Perimeter of a square = four times its side length
d) Total number of students = number of boys plus the number of girls
e) Pieces of fruit in a bag = number of apples plus the number of pears
f) Mother’s age = Son’s age plus 23
g Cost per item = Total cost divided by the number of items

Number Plane
A number plane is a grid for plotting points.
Important features of a number plane are:

● The x-axis and y-axis: these are like horizontal and vertical number lines

● The origin: where the x-axis and y-axis meet

Finding coordinates of plotted points

Match each point on the grid with its correct coordinates.

(0, 3) (2, 4) (5, 1) (2, 0)

2. On grid paper, draw a number plane, with the numbers 0 to 6 marked on each axis. Plot and label these
points: A (3, 5) B (4, 2) C (0, 3) D (1, 0) E (6, 6)

3. Copy and complete the coordinates for each point on this number plane.
a) A (5, ?)
b) B (?, 5)

c) C (?, ?)

d) D (3, ?)

e) E (?, ?)

f) F (?, 4)

4. Use grid paper to draw a number plane with the x- and y-axis numbered from 0 to 10.
Plot each group of points and join them in order, using a ruler.

a) (4, 10) (2, 8) (5, 9) Name this type of angle.

b) (2, 6) (4, 6) (4, 3) Name this type of angle.

c) (6, 8) (8, 8) (8, 5) (6, 5) (6, 8) Name this shape.

d) (5, 1) (6, 4) (7, 1) (5, 1) Name this type of triangle.

e) (0, 0) (0, 3) (3, 0) (0, 0) Name this type of triangle.

f) (7, 3) (9, 3) (10, 6) Name this type of angle.

The Number plane

Write the coordinates of points A, B, C and D

4. Plot and join the following points in the order given and describe each shape.
a (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 5), (3, 3), (1, 3)
b (1, 6), (5, 6), (5, 8), (1, 8), (1, 6)
c (8, 9), (7, 6), (9, 6), (10, 9), (8, 9)
d (4, 2), (9, 2), (10, 4), (5, 4), (4, 2)

5. a Draw a grid with numbers up to 30 on the x-axis and up to 40 on the y-axis. Plot the coordinates in parts
i to xii on the number plane. Join the points in each part together.

i (12, 36), (13, 38), (16, 39), (18, 39), (22, 37), (21, 36), (24, 34), (26, 30), (26, 27), (25, 25),
(23, 23), (20, 22)

ii (22, 37), (24, 39), (26, 37), (29, 30), (28, 28), (26, 27)

iii (12, 36), (11, 37), (10, 37), (8, 36), (6, 34), (5, 32), (6, 30), (6, 27), (8, 25), (9, 26), (10, 25), (11, 30), (12,
34)

iv (9, 26), (10, 22), (14, 20), (16, 20)

v (10, 22), (9, 20), (8, 18), (7, 15), (7, 11), (7, 9), (8, 5), (10, 4), (12, 3), (14, 3), (16, 3)
vi (17, 3), (18, 5), (18, 8), (17, 11), (16, 12), (14, 13)

vii (13, 3), (14, 1), (16, 1), (18, 1), (19, 2), (20, 3), (18, 5)

viii (8, 5), (6, 6), (5, 7), (4, 8), (3, 9), (2, 11), (2, 14), (2, 15), (3, 17), (3, 14), (4, 12), (5, 10), (7, 9)

ix (20, 22), (19, 20), (24, 21), (26, 19), (26, 15), (24, 13), (21, 15), (20, 17), (21, 19)

x (14, 16), (16, 12), (18, 12), (20, 15), (20, 17), (19, 18), (18, 19)

xi (24, 13), (25, 10), (24, 7), (26, 6), (25, 4), (24, 3), (19, 5)

xii (19, 32), (21, 29), (19, 27), (17, 28), (19, 32)

b Join the following pairs of points.

(24, 3) to (23, 5) (25, 4) to (24, 5) (22, 14) to (22, 16) (24, 13) to (24, 15) (25, 14) to (25, 16)
(17, 1) to (16, 2) (18, 1) to (17, 2) (19, 2) to (18, 3) (19, 27) to (19, 24) (19, 24) to (23, 25) (19, 24) to (14,
24)

c Draw in two eyes.