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Mathematics 10

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Quarter 4
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Self-Learning Module 6
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Problem Solving on Permutation

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LESSON

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In this self-learning module lesson, we will show how to analyze and solve word
problems using the different formulas.

Let us try these word problems.

1. How many 4 letter words with or without meaning, can be formed out of the
letters of the word ‘LOGARITHMS’ if repetition of letters is not allowed?

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In this kind of problem, we can use permutation.

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𝑛!
nPr = (𝑛−𝑟)!

n = 10 , r = 4
10!
10P4 = (10−4)!

= 5,040 letter words

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2. Jervis is organizing sports equipment for the physical education room. He has
15 balls that must be placed in a line. In how many ways can he line up 6
footballs, 2 soccer balls, 4 kick balls, and 3 basketballs?
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Since there are identical elements/objects, we will use the formula of

distinguishable permutation.
𝑛!
P=
𝑎!𝑏!𝑐!…
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15!
= 6!2!4!3!
P = 6,306,300 ways

3. Find the number of ways in which 5 people, Rose, Malou, Sheina, Bobby, and
Chris can sit around a circular table, such that Bobby and Malou always sit
next to each other?
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P = (n – 1)!, but as you can see in the problem, there is a restriction wherein
Bobby and Malou want to sit next to each other and that is considered as a
single entity. So n = 4 but Bobby and Malou has their own arrangements and
that is 2!. Therefore,
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P = (4 – 1)! x 2!
= 3! x 2!
= 12 ways
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ACTIVITIES

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ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!
Directions: Analyze and answer the given questions.
1. Find the number of words of 5 letters such that each can be formed with the
letters of the word “CHROMATE” if

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a. each letter may be repeated in any arrangement.
b. each letter cannot be repeated.
2. How many ways can Mr. Santoyas distribute 12 different books among 4

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students (A, B, C, D) such that student A and B get 2 books each and student
C and D get 4 books each?
3. In how many ways can the Principal and the 8 Headteachers of the different
departments be seated in a round table for their staff meeting?
4. Sheina has 10 different keys. In how many ways can she arrange the keys in
a key chain?

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

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Directions: Analyze and solve what is asked in each problem

1. How many ways can Paolo, Rico, Jared, Arnold, Edward, Janna, Victoria,
Hazel, Julia, Alice, and Lyka be seated in a row of seats such that:
a) no female sits next to each other?
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b) love team Paolo and Hazel sit next to each other?

2. In how many ways Jane, Liza, Karen, Lea, Jamie, Andrea, Nicole, and Jazz
can be seated in a round table such that all names start with J should be
seated next to each other?
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3. How many distinguishable ways can you arrange the letters in the word
ACCOUNTANCY such that all vowels are together?
4. In how many ways a jeweller can arrange a continuous bracelet consist of 10
distinct gemstones in such a way that the ruby, sapphire, and emerald should
be next to each other?

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

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Directions: Answer what is asked in each problem.

How many different words with or without meaning can be formed with the letters of
the word ‘ORDINATE’?

1. So that the vowels occupy odd places.

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2. Beginning with ‘O’.

3. Beginning with ‘O’ and ending with ‘E’.

For # 4 – 5) Discuss the Superlotto and Megalotto games of PCSO if these are dealing
with permutations or not in terms of enumerating its possible outcomes. Enumerate
and describe two of your known games where permutation or ordered arrangement
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of outcomes is necessary.
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WRAP-UP

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Remember that…
In solving word problems involving permutation, we can use the following formulas:
𝑛!
P= for the linear form taken r at a time
(𝑛−𝑟 )!
𝑛!
P= for distinguishable

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𝑎!𝑏!𝑐!…
P = (𝑛 − 1)! for circular
(𝑛−1)!
P= for circular without lock

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2
𝑛!
P= for circular with lock
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VALUING
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It is in international summits that major world decisions happen because of
the pandemic that we are facing in the present situation. Suppose that you are the
overall in-charge of the seating arrangement in an international convention wherein
12 country-representative are invited. They are the prime ministers/presidents of the
countries of Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Japan, Libya, Malaysia,
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Philippines, South Korea, USA, and the United Kingdom. What style of arrangement
would you prefer? Is it linear or circular? Why? Create your seat plan for these 12
leaders based on your knowledge of their backgrounds. Discuss why you arranged
them that way.
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POSTTEST

DIRECTIONS: Identify what is being asked in each question. Write your answer
in your paper.
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1. Cardo has six different jackets. If he cannot wear the same jacket on two
consecutive days, how many different ways can he dress on Wednesday and
Thursday?
A. 12 B. 22 C. 30 D. 36
2. Seven students including Carlo have a picture taking. How many ways can they
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arrange themselves if Carlo is always in the middle?

A. 24 B. 120 C. 720 D. 5,040
3. Fifteen students join a contest in the school. The contest offers first, second and
third prize. How many different combinations of 1 st, 2nd, and 3rd place winners
will there be?
A. 210 B. 2,730 C. 32,760 D. 360,360
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4. In how many ways can seat be chosen for 10 couples on a Ferris wheel that has
10 double seats?
A. 720 B. 5,040 C. 40,320 D. 362,880
5. Joan is planting 10 colored flowers in a line. In how many ways can she plant 3

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red flowers, 4 yellow flowers, and 3 purple flowers if the yellow flowers are placed
side by side?
A. 140 B. 840 C. 5,040 D. 30,240

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Mathematics 10

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Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 7
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Illustrates the Combination of an Objects
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RECAP

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DIRECTIONS: Identify what is being asked in each question. Write your answer in
your paper.
1. How many 4-digit numbers can be formed from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 if no
repetition is allowed?

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2. In how many ways can a party of 8 people be seated in a circular table if 3
of them insist on sitting side by side?

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LESSON

Arnold, Bobby, Chris, Dan, and Emil are the best dancers in 10- Lapu Lapu.
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In how many ways can Mr. Santoyas select 2 out of his 5 best dancers in his class
to represent in a competition?

In that case we have;

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Arnold, Bobby Bobby, Arnold Chris, Arnold Dan, Arnold Emil, Arnold

Arnold, Chris Bobby, Chris Chris, Bobby Dan, Bobby Emil, Bobby

Arnold, Dan Bobby, Dan Chris, Dan Dan, Chris Emil, Chris
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Arnold, Emil Bobby, Emil Chris, Emil Dan, Emil Emil, Dan

So there are 20 possible ways, each of these 20 different possible selections is called
permutation. In particular, they are called the permutations of five objects taken two
at a time, and the number of such permutations possible is denoted by
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5P2 = 20
What have you noticed about the selections; Arnold, Bobby and Bobby, Arnold?
These selections cannot be considered distinct. And by eliminating such similar
cases, only 10 different possible ways remain.
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Arnold, Bobby Arnold, Emil Bobby, Emil Dan, Emil

Arnold, Chris Bobby, Chris Chris, Dan

Arnold, Dan Bobby, Dan Chris, Emil

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Based from the given problem, is the order of selecting two out of five best dancers
important?

Since the order is not important, then Mr. Santoyas have 10 possible ways in
selecting 2 from his five best dancers in his class to compete. This is an example of

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combination.

What is a combination?

A combination is a mathematical technique that determines the number of

possible arrangement in a collection of objects where the order of arrangement is not

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important. In combinations, you can select the items in any order.

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Examples:
Tell whether the given situation/task illustrates combination or not. If it is
not, rephrase the situation/task to make it an illustration of combination.

1. A team of 8 basketball players needs to choose a captain and co-captain.

2. There are 45 applicants for three Computer Programmer Positions
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3. Eight outfits chosen from fifteen outfits to be modelled.
4. Top three winners out of seven contestants in math quiz bee.
5. Five badminton players chosen from a group of nine.
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Solutions
1. Not combination, because there is an order of arrangement since the
position captain is different from the co-captain.
(A team of 8 basketball players needs to choose 2 leaders to guide the
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team.)
2. Combination, because you are just going to select 3 Computer Programmer
Positions from the applicants, so the order is not important.
3. Combination, because you are just going to select 8 outfits from the given
15 sets of outfit. Still, the order is not important.
4. Not combination, because the top three winners can be rank as first,
second, and third. So, order of arrangement is important.
(Selecting the highest three out of seven contestants in math quiz bee.)
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5. Combination, because you are just going to select 5 badminton players

from a group of nine. Therefore, the order in selecting is not important.
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ACTIVITIES

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ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!
Direction: Determine whether the given situation is a combination or not. Write C if
it is a combination and NC if it is not a combination.
__________1. Different sets of 5 cards formed from a standard deck of 52 cards.

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__________2. A die is rolled thrice.
__________3. Ate Neng arranged 6 potted plants in a row.

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__________4. Answering 3 out of 8 essay questions test.
__________5. Seven front liners stand in row for claiming the snacks.

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

Direction: Determine whether the given problem is a combination or not. Write C if
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it is a combination and NC if it is not a combination.
1. In how many ways can a coach choose three swimmers from among five
swimmers?
2. How many 4 digit numbers can we make using the digits 2, 5, 7, and 9
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without repetitions?
3. Acommittee including 4 boys and 5 girls is to be formed from a group of 8
boys and 10 girls. How many different committee can be formed from the
group?
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4. How many triangles can you make using 7 non collinear points an a plane?
5. How many 5 letter words can we make using the letters in the word
LIBERTY without repetitions?

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Direction: Determine whether the given situation is a combination or not. If it is not,
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rephrase the situation or task to make it a combination.

1. Choosing six officers from the class.
2. Selecting 3 balls from a box containing 6 red balls and 4 blue balls.
3. Eight workers are assigned to 8 different jobs.
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4. Find the number of ways a president, a vice president, and a secretary can
be chosen from among Aaron, Blessie, Carmi, Darius, and Elvie.
5. A committee of 4 members chosen from 6 women and 5 men.
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 WRAP-UP

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What is a combination?

A combination is a mathematical technique that determines the number of

possible arrangement in a collection of objects where the order of arrangement is not

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important. In combinations, you can select the items in any order.

POSTTEST

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Directions: Identify what is being asked in each question. Write only the letter of the

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correct answer in your paper.
1. Which of the following involve combination?
A. Arranging the call center applicants in circular manner.
B. Giving medals to the first 3 winners in a math quiz bee.
C. Selecting a committee of 4 persons from the 7 participants
D. Assigning password in your facebook account.
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2. The word Combination is best described from which of the following?
A. Arrangement of an object
B. Selection of an object.
C. Tendency of an object to be chosen.
D. All of the above.
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3. Which of the following situations involve Combination?

A. Arranging 5 math books and 3 science books on a shelf.
B. Assigning telephone numbers of the subscribers.
C. Getting 4 swimmers from 7 participants.
D. Arranging 10 different colored beads in a bracelet.
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4. In which tasks/activities is order not important?

A. Getting 5 green balls from a box containing 10 green balls.
B. Electing officers from your class.
C. Arranging 5 students in a picture taking.
D. Assigning seats in a circular table for 7 guests.
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5. Which of the following problems is not a combination?

A. Selecting 5 cards from a deck of cards.
B. Winning a six number combination from a lottery.
C. Choosing 3 from four of the best dancers to join a dance competition.
D. Awarding the top three winners in a bicycle race.
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