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Basic Input and Output in C

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18 views7 pages

Basic Input and Output in C

Uploaded by

vrushank solanke
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Input and Output in C

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C language has standard libraries that allow input and output in a program.
The stdio.h or standard input output library in C that has methods for input and
output.

printf()
The printf() method, in C, prints the value passed as the parameter to it, on the
console screen.
Syntax:
printf("%X", variableOfXType);
where %X is the format specifier in C. It is a way to tell the compiler what type of
data is in a variable and variableOfXType is the variable to be printed.

How to take input and output of basic types in C?


The basic type in C includes types like int, float, char, etc. Inorder to input or
output the specific type, the X in the above syntax is changed with the specific
format specifier of that type. The Syntax for input and output for these are:
● Integer:
Input: scanf("%d", &intVariable);
Output: printf("%d", intVariable);
● Float:
Input: scanf("%f", &floatVariable);
Output: printf("%f", floatVariable);
● Character:
Input: scanf("%c", &charVariable);
Output: printf("%c", charVariable);

● Printing of an Integer

#include <stdio.h>
void main() {

int number = 42;

printf("The number is: %d", number);

Output:

The number is:


42

● Printing of a Character

#include <stdio.h>

void main() {

char ch = 'A';

printf("The character is: %c", ch);

Output:
The character is: A

● Printing of Float

#include <stdio.h>

void main() {

float num2 = 2.71828;

printf("The value of num2 is: %f", num2);

Output:

The value of num1 is: 3.141590

The value of num2 is: 2.718280

● Printing of Multiple Outputs

#include <stdio.h>

void main() {

int year = 1996;

int month = 8;

int day = 16;


printf("Today's date is: %d-%d-%d", year, month, day);

Output:

Today's date is 1996-8-16

scanf()
The scanf() method, in C, reads the value from the console as per the type specified
and store it in the given address.
Syntax:
scanf("%X", &variableOfXType);

where %X is the format specifier in C. It is a way to tell the compiler what type of
data is in a variable and & is the address operator in C, which tells the compiler to
change the real value of variableOfXType, stored at this address in the memory.

● Taking Input of Integer Value

#include <stdio.h>

void main() {

int num;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

printf("The entered integer is: %d", num);


}

Output:

Enter an integer: 25

The entered integer is: 25

● Taking Input of Float Value

#include <stdio.h>

void main() {

float num;

printf("Enter a float value: ");

scanf("%f", &num);

printf("The entered float value is: %f", num);

Output:
Enter a float value: 3.14

The entered float value is: 3.140000

● Taking Input of Character Value

#include <stdio.h>

void main() {

char ch;

printf("Enter a character: ");

scanf(" %c", &ch);

printf("The entered character is: %c",


ch);

Output:

Enter a character: A

The entered character is: A

● Taking Input of Multiple Values


#include <stdio.h>

void main() {

int num1, num2;

printf("Enter two numbers separated by a space: ");

scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);

printf("The entered numbers are: %d and %d", num1, num2);

Output:

Enter two numbers separated by a space: 10


20

The entered numbers are: 10 and 20

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