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CREST Reasoning 8 Workbook Final

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

1K views166 pages

CREST Reasoning 8 Workbook Final

Uploaded by

Anubhuti Ghai

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 166

1. Series Completion and Inserting the Missing Character ....................................................... 5

2. Analogy and Classification ................................................................................................. 12

3. Blood Relations ................................................................................................................. 18

4. Coding and Decoding ........................................................................................................ 24

5. Direction Sense Test ......................................................................................................... 30

6. Alphabet, Number, Alphanumeric Test and Logical Sequence of Words ........................... 38

7. Ranking and Time Sequence Test ..................................................................................... 44

8. Figure Formation, Construction of Squares, Grouping of Identical Figures and

Figure Matrix...................................................................................................................... 50

9. Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning................................ 60

10. Embedded Figures and Dot Situations............................................................................... 69

11. Mirror and Water Images ................................................................................................... 80

12. Logical Venn Diagram ....................................................................................................... 92

13. Mathematical Operations ................................................................................................... 99

14. Previous Year Paper (2021-22) ....................................................................................... 104

15. Answer Key ..................................................................................................................... 116

Preface
We are pleased to launch a thoroughly revised edition of this workbook. We welcome feedback
from students, teachers, educators and parents. For improvements in the next edition, please
send your suggestions at [email protected].

CREST Olympiads is one of the largest Olympiad Exams with students from more than 25
countries. The objective of these exams is to build competitive spirit while evaluating students on
conceptual understanding of the concepts.

We strive to provide a superior learning experience, and this workbook is designed to complement
the school studies and prepare the students for various competitive exams including the CREST
Olympiads. This workbook provides a crisp summary of the topics followed by the practice
questions. These questions encourage the students to think analytically, to be creative and to
come up with solutions of their own. There’s a previous year paper given at the end of this
workbook for the students to attempt after completing the syllabus. This paper should be
attempted in 1 hour to get an assessment of the student’s preparation for the final exam.

Publishers
Chapter
Series Completion and
Inserting the Missing
1
Character
Series completion and inserting missing character is a topic under logical reasoning which deals
with questions which judge our guessing capabilities and techniques. The better we understand
the relation or logic between the given entities, the easier and quicker it becomes for us to solve
such questions.

The student needs to predict the next term in the given series or the missing term in the series.
This series can be of numbers, alphabets, letters or images.

Example 1: Select the figure which will come next in the following series:

a. b.

c. d.

Solution 1: a

The circle is filled and hollow in every alternate step, so the upcoming step will be a filled circle.

The triangle at the left bottom gets rotated by 90 degrees in the clockwise direction in the first
step.

In the second step, the triangle at the right top gets rotated by 90 degrees in the clockwise
direction and the lower triangle remains constant.

This rotation continues in every alternate step.

Hence, option (a) is the next image in the series.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 5 www.crestolympiads.com

Series Completion and Inserting the Missing Character

Example 2: A series is given below, with one term missing in it. Choose the correct alternative
from the given ones that will complete the series:

TDE, RGG, PJI, ? , LPM

a. MNK b. MKN
c. NMK d. NKM

Solution 2: c

The logic followed here is as follows:

Therefore, “NMK” is the missing term.

Example 3: Which number would replace question mark in the series?

7, 12, 19, ?, 39

a. 29 b. 28
c. 30 d. 32

Solution 3: b

The given sequence follows the pattern: + 5, +7, +9 ... i.e., 7 + 5 = 12, 12 + 7=19

Missing number = 19 + 9 = 28.

Hence, the answer is (b).

Example 4: In following letter series, some of the letters are missing which are given in that order
as one of the alternatives below it. Choose the correct alternative.

b cab bc ab bca ______ bca

a. bbca b. acba
c. cabc d. cacc

Solution 4: a

We can observe that pattern bcab is repeated.

Hence, option (a) is correct.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 6 www.crestolympiads.com

Series Completion and Inserting the Missing Character

Practice Questions
1. Select the figure which will come next in the following series:

a. b.

c. d.

2. Select the letter that can replace the question mark ‘?’ in the following series:
HP, KO, IM, LJ, ?

a. KE b. KF
c. JF d. JE

3. Select the number which can be placed at the sign of the question mark (?) from the given
alternatives.

a. 27 b. 32
c. 30 d. 36

4. Select the number that can replace the question mark ‘?’ in the following series:
77, 75, 78, 74, 79, 73, ?

a. 84 b. 80
c. 81 d. 85

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 7 www.crestolympiads.com

Series Completion and Inserting the Missing Character

5. Select the figure which will come next in the following series:

a. b.

c. d.

6. Select the element that can replace the question mark ‘?’ in the following series:
J12, M15, P18, S21, ?

a. V22 b. V24
c. X22 d. X24

7. Select the figure which will come next in the following series:

a. b.

c. d.

8. Select the letter that can replace the question mark ‘?’ in the following series:
FUQ, ? , LQU, OOW, RMY

a. ISS b. ISR
c. ITS d. IRT

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 8 www.crestolympiads.com

Series Completion and Inserting the Missing Character

9. Select the number that can replace the question mark ‘?’ in the following series:
25, 26, 54, 165, 664, ?

a. 3320 b. 3325
c. 6325 d. 6640

10. Select the figure which will come next in the following series:

a. b.

c. d.

11. Find the missing term in the matrix given below:

a. 52 b. 50
c. 54 d. 56

12. Select the number that can replace the question mark ‘?’ in the following series:
34, 17, 68, 34, 136, 68, ?

a. 270 b. 274
c. 276 d. 272

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 9 www.crestolympiads.com

Series Completion and Inserting the Missing Character

13. Select the figure which will come next in the following series:

a. b.

c. d.

14. Select the letter that can replace the question mark ‘?’ in the following series:
FC, JG, ? , OL, PM

a. NJ b. NL
c. MJ d. ML

15. Select the number which can be placed at the sign of the question mark (?) from the given
alternatives:

a. 63 b. 64
c. 60 d. 65

16. Find the missing term in the matrix given below:

a. 4 b. 3
c. 2 d. 5

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 10 www.crestolympiads.com

Series Completion and Inserting the Missing Character

17. In following letter series, some of the letters are missing which are given in that order as
one of the alternatives below it. Choose the correct alternative.

_aba ba __ ab

a. ab bb a b. ab ba b
c. ba ab b d. bb ab a

18. Select the letter that can replace the question mark ‘?’ in the following series:
BDEG, DGGJ, ? , HMKP, JPMS

a. FJIM b. FIMJ
c. EFJM d. EJMI

19. Select the number which can be placed at the sign of the question mark (?) from the given
alternatives:

a. 44 b. 42
c. 33 d. 32

20. Select the figure which will come next in the following series:

a. b.

c. d.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 11 www.crestolympiads.com

Chapter Analogy and
2 Classification

Analogy is a category under logical reasoning where students are required to find the
logic/relation between the first pair and apply the same logic to the second pair.

Similarly, in the case of classification, students need to spot an entity which is different from the
remaining entities based on a given logic. Again, here the student needs to first spot the logic and
group the remaining terms together and then decide which term is the odd one out.

Analogy and classification based questions can be from various domains like general knowledge,
science, mathematics, letters and image based, etc.

Example 1: Complete the following analogy pair:

Vigilant : Alert : : Viable : ?

a. Active b. Gentle
c. Hopeless d. Feasible

Solution 1: d

‘Alert' is the synonym of 'Vigilant'. Similarly, the synonym of 'Viable' is ‘Feasible’.

Hence, the correct answer is (d).

Example 2: Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as are the numbers
of the following set:

(14, 26, 224)

a. (10, 28, 188) b. (16, 30, 218)

c. (12, 24, 168) d. (14, 24, 120)

Solution 2: c

The pattern followed here is: (14, 26, 224) = 26 - 10 = 16 and 16 × 14 = 224

Similarly, (12, 24, 168) = 24 - 10 = 14 and 14 × 12 = 168

Hence, the correct answer is (12, 24, 168).

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 12 www.crestolympiads.com

Analogy and Classification

Example 3: Four letter clusters have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner,
while one is different. Select the odd letter cluster:

a. CY b. FU
c. LO d. NM

Solution 3: a

The pattern followed here is:

Therefore, only “CY” does not follow the above pattern.

Hence, “CY” is odd among them.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 13 www.crestolympiads.com

Analogy and Classification

Practice Questions
1. Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as are the numbers of the
following set:
(28, 224, 8)

a. (29, 271, 9) b. (17, 113, 9)

c. (16, 121, 8) d. (19, 171, 9)

2. Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as are the numbers of the
following set:
(286, 30, 16)

a. (216, 20, 14) b. (116, 10, 6)

c. (226, 40, 17) d. (236, 10, 18)

3. In the following question, select the related letters from the given alternatives:
BOAT : CMBR :: LINE : ?

a. MJOC b. MGOC
c. NJOC d. NGOC

4. From the given alternatives, select the best answer which has a same relationship as in
the first pair.
Birds : Ornithology :: Plants : ?

a. Cytology b. Histology
c. Botany d. Palaeontology

5. “Toad” is related to “Amphibian” in the same way as “Porcupine” is related to

“___________”.

a. Bird b. Insect
c. Amphibian d. Rodent

6. Select the option that is related to the third number in the same way as the second number
is related to the first number:
8/15 : 6/11 :: 9/17 : ?

a. 7/13 b. 7/18
c. 11/13 d. 11/18

7. Select the option that is related to the third number in the same way as the second number
is related to the first number:
96 : 6 :: 176 : ?

a. 10 b. 12
c. 9 d. 11

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 14 www.crestolympiads.com

Analogy and Classification

8. In the following question, select the related letters from the given alternatives:
FARM : MRAF :: BOON : ?

a. NOOB b. NOBO
c. CNOB d. BMNO

9. In the following question, select the related letters from the given alternatives:
FIRE : IFUB :: LOVE : ?

a. VOLB b. BOYL
c. OLEV d. OLYB

10. In the following question, select the related letters from the given alternatives:
RICE : VLEF :: FISH : ?

a. JLUI b. JJLI
c. ULIJ d. ULJI

11. Select the related figure from the given alternatives:

a. b.

c. d.

12. Four letter clusters have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner, while
one is different. Select the odd letter cluster:

a. AFJO b. CHMR
c. JOTY d. MRWB

13. Four letter clusters have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner, while
one is different. Select the odd letter cluster:

a. CG b. GK
c. LO d. PT

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 15 www.crestolympiads.com

Analogy and Classification

14. Four letter clusters have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner, while
one is different. Select the odd letter cluster:

a. NOM b. POM
c. TUS d. WXV

15. Four options have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner, while the
fourth one is different. Choose the word which is different from the rest:

a. 264 b. 145
c. 369 d. 385

16. Four words have been given out of which three are alike in some manner, while the fourth
one is different. Choose the word which is different from the rest:

a. Neymar Jr. b. Mike Tyson

c. Diego Maradona d. Pelé

17. Three of the following four words are alike in a certain way and one is different. Pick the
odd word out:

a. Gregarious b. Reclusive
c. Sociable d. Extrovert

18. Three of the following four words are alike in a certain way and one is different. Pick the
odd word out:

a. Frivolous b. Negligible
c. Significant d. Trivial

19. Choose the figure that is different from the other figures:

a. b.

c. d.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 16 www.crestolympiads.com

Analogy and Classification

20. Choose the figure that is different from the other figures:

a. b.

c. d.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 17 www.crestolympiads.com

Chapter
3 Blood Relations

Under blood relation type of questions, students are expected to relate one person to another
based on the data provided. They can take the help of family trees or different shapes to
determine the relationship between two people.

There are many types of questions coming under this category but before that student needs to
be aware of the names of various relationships which we share.

S. No Relationship Commonly Used Terms

1. Father’s son of mother’s son Brother
2. Father’s daughter (or) mother’s daughter Sister
3. Father’s brother Uncle (Paternal Uncle)
4. Father’s Sister Aunt (Paternal Aunt)
5. Mother’s brother Uncle (Maternal Uncle)
6. Mother’s sister Aunt (Maternal Aunt)
7. Son’s wife Daughter-in-law
8. Daughter’s husband Son-in-law
9. Sister’s husband Brother-in-law
10. Husband’s brother (or) wife’s brother Brother-in-law
11. Brother’s wife Sister-in-law
12. Husband’s sister (or) wife’s sister Sister-in-law
13. Husband’s father (or) wife’s father Father-in-law
14. Husband’s mother (or) wife mother Mother-in-law
15. Brother’s son (or) sister’s son Nephew
16. Brother’s daughter (or) Sister’s daughter Niece
17. Uncle’s daughter (or) Aunt’s daughter Cousin
18. Uncle’s grandson (or) Aunt’s grandson Nephew
19. Father’s father (or) mother’s father Grandfather
20. Father’s mother (or) mother’s mother Grandmother

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 18 www.crestolympiads.com

Blood Relations

Various symbols can be used to denote these relations. But it not mandatory to follow the same
notations or shapes.

Symbol in Diagram Meaning

Female

Male

Married Couple

Siblings
Difference of a generation

Example 1: Genny is the sister of Kevin. Kevin is the grandson of Pam. Pam is the mother of
Susan. Susan is the wife of Robert. How is Pam related to Genny?

a. Grandmother b. Sister
c. Granddaughter d. Mother

Solution 1: a

Possible tree diagram will be:

Hence, Pam is the grandmother of Genny.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 19 www.crestolympiads.com

Blood Relations

Example 2: Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions:

‘P + K’ means ‘P is the father of K’

‘P × K’ means ‘P is the sister of K’
‘P % K’ means ‘P is the grandfather of K’

As per the information given above, what does M % N × O mean?

a. M is the grandfather of N and O b. N is the grandson of M and O

c. O is the granddaughter of M d. N is the grandfather of M and O

Solution 2: a

Let us first decode the given symbols and then draw a family tree.

P is
Symbol + × %
Meaning Father Sister Grandfather
of K

Using the statement: M % N × O

M % N means M is the grandfather of N

N × O means N is the sister of O

Now draw family tree using following notations:

So,

Thus, M is the grandfather of N and O.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 20 www.crestolympiads.com

Blood Relations

Practice Questions
Directions (1-3): Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions:

If ‘P + Q’ means that P is the mother of Q,

‘P × Q’ means that P is the son of Q,
‘P - Q’ means that P is the sister of Q.

1. As per the information given above, which of the following means that G is the nephew of
F?

a. F - D + G b. D + G - F
c. G × D - F d. G - F × D

2. As per the information given above, in “Y × N + B”, how are Y related to B?

a. Son b. Brother
c. Sister d. Father

3. As per the information given above, in “F - G × P - J”, which two pair belong to the same
generation?

a. F-P and G-J b. G-P and F-J

c. F-G and P-J d. None of these

4. Fred is the grandfather of Michael. Miley is the wife of Michael. Rachel is the only child of
Fred. If Rachel is the wife of Sam, how is Michael related to Sam?

a. Son b. Daughter
c. Sister d. Brother

5. Richard is the brother of Monica. Monica is the wife of Jack. Jack is the son of Steve.
Steve is the grandfather of her only granddaughter, Rebecca. How is Rebecca related to
Jack?

a. Sister b. Wife
c. Mother d. Daughter

Directions (6-9): Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions:

‘H @ E’ means that H is the wife of E,

‘H $ E’ means that H is the son of E,
‘H > E’ means that H is the brother of E.

6. As per the information given above, which of the following means that S is the son of R?

a. S $ Q @ R b. R $ S > Q
c. Q > S @ R d. R > S @ Q

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 21 www.crestolympiads.com

Blood Relations

7. As per the information given above, in “N @ D > S $ Z”, who is the parent of D?

a. N b. S
c. Z d. None of these

8. As per the information given above, in “N @ D > S $ Z”, how is N related to Z?

a. Daughter b. Daughter in law

c. Sister d. Can’t be determined

9. As per the information given above, in “R $ G > T”, whose gender can’t be determined?

a. T b. G
c. R d. All of these

10. Sam is married to Bob’s sister. Timber is the only sister of Bob. Ana is the mother of
Timber. If Susan is the daughter of Sam, how is Susan related to Ana?

a. Grandson b. Granddaughter
c. Daughter d. Brother

11. Mickey is the son of Manny. Manny is the grandfather of Kate. Kate is the daughter Nora.
Richard is the son of Mickey. If Mickey is married to Nora, how is Richard related to Nora?

a. Son b. Grandfather
c. Grandson d. Brother

12. Sophie is the mother of Jack and Lilly. Bob is the father of Danny. If Danny is the father of
Jack, how is Bob related to Lilly?

a. Grandson b. Granddaughter
c. Grandfather d. Father

Directions (13-17): Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions:

‘J % P’ means that J is the father of P,

‘J + P’ means that J is the sister of P,
‘J ? P’ means that J is the daughter of P

13. As per the information given above, which of the following options means L is the niece of
P?

a. P + M + L b. M ? P % L
c. L ? M + P d. L + P % M

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 22 www.crestolympiads.com

Blood Relations

14. As per the information given above, in “S + D ? A”, which two people belong to the same
generation?

a. A and D b. D and S
c. S and A d. Can’t be determined

15. As per the information given above, in “F % D + Q + Y ? S”, how is F related to S?

a. Husband b. Father
c. Son d. Brother

16. As per the information given above, in “R + L ? G % K”, who among the following are
siblings?

a. R, L and K b. R, G and K
c. G and L d. R, L and G

17. As per the information given above, which of the following options means G is a female?

a. G % H % T b. H + R % G
c. T ? G % H d. G + H % T

18. Pam is the daughter of Pearl. Michael and Jack are sons of Kate. Pearl is married to
Michael. How is Pam related to Michael?

a. Daughter b. Sister
c. Father d. Granddaughter

19. George is the father of Gloria. Mary is the wife of Leo. Leo is the son of Veronica. If Gloria
is the sister of Leo, how is Veronica related to George?

a. Daughter b. Sister
c. Husband d. Wife

20. Richard is the brother of Maria. Maria is the granddaughter of Daizy. Richard is the son of
Sam. Sam is the only son of Daizy. How is Richard related to Daizy?

a. Son b. Grandson
c. Nephew d. Brother

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 23 www.crestolympiads.com

Chapter
4 Coding and Decoding

Under logical reasoning, coding-decoding is an interesting topic in which the students are
expected to first decode the existing logic in the question and then apply the same logic to obtain
the final answer.

Learning Tricks of Alphabets Value:

i. EJOTY: 5-10-15-20-25 (Table of 5)

ii. CFILORUX: 3-6–9–12–15–18–21–24 (Table of 3)
iii. DHLPTX: 4–8–12–16–20–24 (Table of 4)

Rule of 27
If the students are asked to mention the letter which lies exactly opposite to the position of the
letter W in the alphabet series, then we can apply the rule of 27.

We know that the place value of W is 23

So, using the rule of 27,

27 - 23 = 4

And 4 is the place value of D

So, D is opposite to W.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 24 www.crestolympiads.com

Coding and Decoding

Example 1: In a certain code, “BACKFIRE” is written as “EFOGMJIV”, then how must

“FABULOUS” be written?

a. EJWFSRWY b. EJYHSPWY
c. EKYFSPWY d. EJYFSPWY

Solution 1: d

The pattern followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, “EJYFSPWY” is the correct answer.

Example 2: From the given alternatives, select the word which CANNOT be formed using the
letters of the given word.

LANDFORM

a. MODEL b. NORMAL
c. RANDOM d. ROMAN

Solution 2: a

i. MODEL – LANDFORM (Cannot be formed because E is missing)

ii. NORMAL – LANDFORM (Can be formed)
iii. RANDOM – LANDFORM (Can be formed)
iv. ROMAN – LANDFORM (Can be formed)

Hence, the correct answer is “MODEL”.

Example 3: If GIVE is coded as 5137 and BAT is coded aa 924, how is GATE coded?

a. 5427 b. 5724
c. 5247 d. 2547

Solution 2: c

The alphabets are coded as shown:

G I V E B A T
5 1 3 7 9 2 4

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 25 www.crestolympiads.com

Coding and Decoding

So, G is coded as 5, A as 2, T as 4 and E as 7.

Thus, the code for GATE is 5247.

Example 4: If water is called food, food is called tree, free is called sky, sky is called wall, on
which of the following grows a fruit

a. Water b. Sky
c. Food d. Tree

Solution 4: b

The fruits grow on a 'tree' and "tree' is called "sky”. So, the fruits grow on the 'sky’.

Example 5: If green means red, red means yellow, yellow means blue, blue means orange and
orange means green, what is the colour of clear sky?

a. Blue b. Red
c. Yellow d. Green

Solution 5: c

The colour of clear sky is 'blue' and as given, 'yellow' means 'blue'. So, the colour of clear sky is
'yellow’.

Example 6: If tish Ito inm' atgnds for ‘neat and tidy': 'qpr inm sen' stands for 'small but neat' and
'hsm sen rso' stands for 'good but erratic’ what would 'but' stand for?

a. inm b. qpr
c. hsm d. sen

Solution 6: d

In the second and third statements, the common code word is 'sen' and the common word is 'but\
So. 'sen' means 'but'.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 26 www.crestolympiads.com

Coding and Decoding

Practice Questions
1. From the given alternatives, select the word which CANNOT be formed using the letters of
the given word.
DIABETES

a. DEBATE b. SEALED
c. BESIDE d. TEASE

Directions (2-6): Some information is provided in three statements. You have to decode the
coded sentences and mark your answer accordingly.

Statements:

i. “like for smile” is coded as “km qs vc”

ii. “for kill bat” is coded as “vc wd lp”
iii. “smile long kill” is coded as “qs hs lp”

2. According to the above statements, which of the following is the code for “smile”?

a. km b. vc
c. wd d. qs

3. According to the above statements, what is the meaning of the code “lp”?

a. smile b. kill
c. bat d. long

4. According to the above statements, what is the meaning of the code “vc”?

a. for b. like
c. smile d. long

5. According to the above statements, which of the following is the code for “bat”?

a. vc b. lp
c. wd d. qs

6. According to the above statements, which of the following is the code for “like for long”?

a. km vc hs b. wd hs lp
c. lp hs vc d. vc hs wd

7. In certain code language, “HAVE” is written as “8145”, then how must “TAPE” be written?

a. 2175 b. 2145
c. 2275 d. 2417

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 27 www.crestolympiads.com

Coding and Decoding

8. In a certain code language, ‘REPLY’ is written as ‘25431’ and ‘ABASH’ is written as

‘76789’. How is ‘LABEL’ written in that code language?

a. 37643 b. 35743
c. 38363 d. 37653

9. In a certain code language, thigh is called shoe, shoe is called feet, feet is called toe and
toe is called nail. In this language, which of the following is not a part of human body?

a. Thigh b. Feet
c. Shoe d. Nail

10. In a certain code language, cricket means basketball, basketball means badminton, badminton
means hockey and hockey means polo. In this language, which of the following sports uses a
shuttlecock?

a. Basketball b. Hockey
c. Badminton d. Polo

11. From the given alternatives, select the word which CANNOT be formed using the letters of
the given word.
PENETRATE

a. RENT b. TRAP
c. TEST d. TEA

12. From the given alternatives, select the word which CANNOT be formed using the letters of
the given word.
FANTASTIC

a. SIN b. STINK
c. FACT d. FAT

13. In a certain code, ‘T’ is written as ‘H’, ‘O’ as ‘A’, ‘B’ as ‘F’ and ‘M’ as ‘W’. How will
‘BOTTOM’ be written in that code?

a. FHAAHW b. FAAHAW
c. FAHHAW d. FAAHHW

Directions (14-17): Some information is provided in three statements. You have to decode the
coded sentences and mark your answer accordingly.

Statements:

i. “tail tide tick” is coded as “pk pu pr”

ii. “tide tap tin” is coded as “pl pd pk”
iii. “tick tin torn” is coded as “pi pl pr”

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Coding and Decoding

14. According to the above statements, which of the following is the code for “tin”?

a. pr b. pu
c. pl d. pi

15. According to the above statements, what is the meaning of the code “pr”?

a. tick b. tin
c. tail d. tap

16. According to the above statements, which of the following is the code for “tap”?

a. pr b. pd
c. pu d. pi

17. According to the above statements, what is the meaning of the code “pu”?

a. tide b. tap
c. torn d. tail

18. From the given alternatives, select the word which CANNOT be formed using the letters of
the given word:
PURIFICATION

a. FICTION b. RUST
c. CAUTION d. RUN

19. In certain code, “DROP” is written as “3171415”, then how must “SIZE” be written?

a. 188264 b. 178524
c. 186544 d. 188254

20. From the given alternatives, select the word which CANNOT be formed using the letters of
the given word.
PHOTOGRAPHY

a. TOPOGRAPHY b. TRAP
c. HAPPY d. GRAB

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Chapter
5 Direction Sense Test

Direction Sense Test is a topic under logical reasoning in which the students are expected to
determine the directions of the object with respect to a given reference point. But for solving such
questions, first, the student needs to have an idea of some basic points related to directions.

There are 4 cardinal directions:

North, East, South, West

There are 4 sub-cardinal directions:

North-East, South-East, South-West, North-West

Clockwise and Anticlockwise Turns

While making turns, it is important for us to note the direction in which we are turning.

There are two directions in which we take turns:

i. Clockwise direction
ii. Anti-clockwise direction

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Direction Sense Test

The direction in which the clock moves is called the clockwise direction and the direction opposite
to it is called anti-clockwise direction.

Imagine you are facing in the direction:

a. North:
Your right = East
Your left = West
b. East:
Your right = South
Your left = North
c. South:
Your right = West
Your left = East
d. West:
Your right = North
Your left = South

Pythagoras Theorem
One of the best-known mathematical formulas is Pythagorean Theorem, which provides us with
the relationship between the sides in a right triangle. A right triangle consists of a base, a height
(perpendicular) and a hypotenuse. The two sides meet at a 90° angle and the hypotenuse is the
longest side of the right triangle and is the side opposite the right angle.

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Direction Sense Test

Using this formula, student can find the shortest distance (displacement) of between two points.

Example 1: Miley started moving towards the north from point U. She was distributing sweets to
her friends. She continued moving in the north and stopped at point L, 6 metres away from her
starting point and she moved in the same direction for the same distance and reached point K.
She took a right turn from point K and reached point H after walking for 3 metres. She continued
walking in the same direction for 5 metres to reach point T from where she took a left turn and
walked for 12 metres to reach her destination point D. Determine the shortest distance between
point L and point T:

a. 10 m b. 13 m
c. 14 m d. 15 m

Solution 1: a

Consider the diagram below to visualize the movement of Miley.

Now applying the Pythagoras theorem, we can find the minimum distance between point L and
point T.

(LT) 2 = √[(KT)2 + (KL)2

 √[(KT)2 + (KL)2]
 √(82 + 62)
 √(64 + 36)
 √100
 10 m
Hence, the answer is 10 m.

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Direction Sense Test

Example 2:

Robert is facing 180° opposite to West. He took a 135° turn in the anti-clockwise direction and
then a 270° turn in the clockwise direction. Where will be he facing now?

a. North b. South-West
c. South-East d. South

Solution 2: b

Robert is facing 180° opposite to West = East (180° clockwise and anticlockwise turns take you to
the same place).

135° turn in the anti-clockwise direction from East = North-West

270° turn in the clockwise direction from North-West = South-West.

Hence, “South-West” is the correct answer.

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Direction Sense Test

Practice Questions
1. Jack walked 14 m towards the south and took a left turn and continued walking for 10 m.
He again took a left turn and walked for 14 m. How far and in which direction is he from his
starting point?

a. 14 m West b. 10 m West
c. 14 m East d. 10 m East

2. Robert walked for 12 m in the West and took a right turn and continued walking for 5 m in
the same direction till he reached the shop. How far is the shop from Robert’s starting
point?

a. 10 m b. 11 m
c. 13 m d. 14 m

3. Susan and Rachel start walking from their school (same point). Susan travels 6 m in the
east and takes a right turn and walks for 4 m more. Rachel walks 5 m in the west, takes a
left turn and walks for 2 m, then again turns right and walks for 1 m and finally takes
another left turn and stop after walking for 2 m. Where is Susan with respect to Rachel
now?

a. 11 m West b. 12 m West
c. 11 m East d. 12 m East

4. Nicole was moving forward in the west direction, suddenly she took a 135° right turn. In
which direction is she facing now?

a. North-East b. North
c. South-East d. South-West

5. H is to the east of G. H is to the south of J. M is in the north of G. Where is H with respect

to M?

a. South-West b. North
c. East d. South-East

6. In the evening during sunset, Mary and Pam meet each other at a shop. When they were
standing facing each other, Pam’s shadow fell on her left side. In which direction is Mary
facing?

a. South b. East
c. North d. West

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Direction Sense Test

7. Rebecca and Nora start walking from their home. Nora heads towards the south and
Rebecca heads towards the east. Rebecca walks for 4 km in the east and then takes a
right turn and reaches a shop after walking for 5 km. Nora walks for 5 km in the south and
takes a right turn and stops at the bus stop after walking for 3 km. How far is the shop with
respect to the bus stop?

a. 4 km East b. 7 km East
c. 7 km West d. 4 km West

8. Oswald is facing towards the West. He first turns 90° in the anticlockwise direction and
then 180° in the anticlockwise direction. In which direction is Oswald facing now?

a. South b. North
c. East d. South West

9. While returning home from the school, Teddy walks for 6 km in the east, takes a right turn
and walks for 2 km and again turns left and walks for 2 km and finally takes a right turn
and reaches home after walking for 4 km. What is the minimum distance between Teddy’s
home and the school?

a. 10 km b. 13 km
c. 11 km d. 12 km

Directions (10-15): P is facing the north direction. R is 18 metres to the west of P. Q is 24 metres
to the east of P. R, P and Q lie on the straight line. S is 10 metres to the north of Q. U is 24
metres to the west of S. S and U are in the straight line. T is 10 metres to the north of U.

10. What is the direction of R with respect to S?

a. South b. East
c. South-West d. North-East

11. Find the minimum distance between S and P.

a. 26 m b. 22 m
c. 25 m d. 30 m

12. What is the direction of Q with respect to T?

a. North-West b. South-East
c. East d. West

13. What will be the distance between P and V, if V is located 28 metres to the south of T?

a. 8 m b. 10 m
c. 12 m d. 6 m

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Direction Sense Test

14. What is the distance between U and P?

a. 14 m b. 12 m
c. 8 m d. 10 m

15. What is the direction of U with respect to R?

a. North b. West
c. North-East d. South-West

16. Michael is facing towards the south-east direction and on taking a 45° clockwise turn, he
will face the hospital. On turning 90° anticlockwise from his initial position, he will face the
shop. If Michael is presently facing the shop, how many degrees should he turn in the
clockwise direction to face the hospital?

a. 180° b. 45°
c. 90° d. 135°

Directions (17-20): Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions given below:

17. What is the minimum distance between H and E?

a. 20 m b. 25 m
c. 22 m d. 24 m

18. What is the direction of F with respect to B?

a. North-East b. North-West
c. South-East d. South-West

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Direction Sense Test

19. Which of the following statements is true?

a. The distance between XC and FE is same.

b. The distance between BF and AF is same.
c. F is in the north-west of A
d. The distance between XF and AH is same.

20. James starts driving from point G and reaches H via point E, C and F. Find the total
distance travelled if James returns back to point G after 1 hour.

a. 38 m b. 74 m
c. 76 m d. 35 m

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Alphabet, Number,
Chapter
Alphanumeric Test and
6
Logical Sequence of Words
In the alphabet type of question, students are asked to find the place of an alphabet or a word
based on the different types of arrangement.

It is not just limited to alphabets, in a number test, a number sequence is provided and we need to
find the position of a particular number based on certain criteria. The criteria can be of varied
types like elimination of a particular element, reversing the complete sequence or a part of the
sequence, performing some mathematical operation on the sequence and so on.

We also apply this to the alphanumeric series.

Alphanumeric Sequence Definition

Alphanumeric (sometimes shortened to alphameric) is a combination of alphabetic and numeric
characters. In some cases, it may include upper and lower case letters, punctuation marks, and
symbols (such as @, &, and %).

For example: 7 c > A 1 9 B r @ & Q + S 4 P 6 3 Z % #? d

Basic Terminology
Before jumping to the questions, let us understand the meaning of few key words that are
generally used in such questions like "following, followed by, preceding, and preceded by".

Let us take two successive alphabets Y and Z. Here, Y is preceding Z and Z is preceded by Y.

Also, Z is following Y and Y is followed by Z.

Now, take three successive alphabets: X, Y and Z. Here X and Y are preceding Z, but Y is
immediately preceding Z whereas, X is not immediately preceding Z.

Similarly, Y and Z are following X, but Y is immediately following X whereas, Z is not immediately
following X.

Logical Sequence of Words

Logical Sequence of words is more concerned with general knowledge and general awareness.
Arranging the steps of different activities in the correct order is what the students are expected to
do in such questions.

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Alphabet, Number, Alphanumeric Test and Logical Sequence of Words

Example 1: Which element will be 9th to the right of 14th element from the right end?

K&GFQ35>W@3#$DT67U*!K+s35

a. + b. K
c. 5 d. !

Solution 1: b

14th element from the right end = K & G F Q 3 5 > W @ 3 # $ D T 6 7 U * ! K + s 3 5

9th to the right of # = K & G F Q 3 5 > W @ 3 # $ D T 6 7 U * ! K + s 3 5

Hence, “K” will be the correct answer.

Example 2: In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order
of the following words? (Depending upon their value in descending order)

1. 1 Cubic Metre
2. 1 Litre
3. 1 Millilitre
4. 1 Pint
5. 1 Gallon

a. 1, 3, 5, 4, 2 b. 4, 2, 5, 3, 1
c. 4, 5, 1, 2, 3 d. 1, 5, 2, 4, 3

Solution 2: d

These units of volume have been written in descending order according to their value in litre.

1. 1 Cubic Metre = 1000 L

5. 1 Gallon = 3.78541 L

2. 1 Litre = 1 L

4. 1 Pint = 0.473176 L

3. 1 Millilitre = 0.001 L

Hence, the correct answer is 1, 5, 2, 4, 3.

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Alphabet, Number, Alphanumeric Test and Logical Sequence of Words

Practice Questions
Directions (1-4): Study the alphanumeric series given below and answer the following questions.
3V284KU©HJQ@%RT9D6MWIEP#A7B5F1%

1. How many numbers are present in the above arrangement, each of which is immediately
preceded and succeeded by a consonant?

a. 2 b. 3
c. 1 d. 4

2. What will be the next term in the following sequence?

5AE, WDR, ?

a. @HK b. @JQ
c. @UK d. @48

3. If all the numbers are eliminated from the above sequence, which element will be 10th to
the right of the 19th element from the right end?

a. D b. M
c. I d. W

4. Three of the following four are alike in a certain way based on their position in the above
arrangement and so form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to that group?

a. 3V% b. 84F
c. U©B d. JQ#

5. In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of
the following words?
1. Complete the presentation, take attendance and leave the meeting
2. Switch on the device in which you will conduct the class
3. Start sharing the screen and teach them
4. Admit the students into the class
5. Turn on your video and audio

a. 2, 5, 3, 4, 1 b. 2, 5, 4, 3, 1
c. 1, 4, 2, 3, 5 d. 1, 5, 4, 3, 2

6. In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of
the following words?
1. Diagnose the disease
2. Do the treatment
3. Feeling ill
4. Explain the symptoms to the doctor
5. Going to doctor

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Alphabet, Number, Alphanumeric Test and Logical Sequence of Words

a. 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 b. 4, 1, 2, 5, 3
c. 3, 4, 2, 1, 5 d. 5, 2, 1, 3, 4

Directions (7-11): Study the number series given below and answer the following questions.
51151475128414786869030147952

7. How many such numbers are present in the above arrangement, each of which is
immediately preceded by its factor and succeeded by an even number?

a. Zero b. Two
c. One d. Three

8. If the above sequence is written in reverse order, then which number will be 8th to the right
of the 7th number from the left end?

a. 8 b. 4
c. 1 d. 7

9. What will come next in the following sequence?

15, 51, 14, 86, ?

a. 01 b. 47
c. 14 d. 30

10. What is the sum of the number of “4s” and the number of “1s” present in the given
sequence?

a. 8 b. 12
c. 10 d. 11

11. How many such odd numbers are present in the above arrangement, each of which is
immediately preceded by an even number?

a. Three b. Two
c. Six d. Seven

12. In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of
the following words?
1. Centre clay on the potter's wheel
2. Create a shape
3. Let the clay dry on ware board.
4. Preparing clay
5. Cut piece off the hump with a string

a. 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 b. 4, 1, 2, 5, 3
c. 3, 4, 2, 1, 5 d. 5, 2, 1, 3, 4

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Alphabet, Number, Alphanumeric Test and Logical Sequence of Words

13. In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of
the following words?
1. Attend the interview
2. Submit your resume
3. Get the appointment letter
4. Work in probation period
5. Become a permanent employee
6. Apply for the job

a. 6, 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 b. 4, 1, 2, 5, 3, 6
c. 6, 3, 4, 2, 1, 5 d. 6, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5

14. In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of
the following words?
1. Connection to the household
2. Water available in the bathroom
3. Pumping and piping the borehole
4. Hydro-geologists site the borehole
5. Drilling and construction of borehole

a. 4, 5, 3, 1 ,2 b. 4, 1, 2, 5, 3
c. 3, 4, 2, 1, 5 d. 5, 2, 1, 3, 4

Directions (15-17): Study the alphabet series given below and answer the following questions.

TUXHOQEYUTAPLEDJAHOVEJOCBARWL

15. If the above sequence is written in the reverse order, then which alphabet will be 4th to the
right of the 11th alphabet from the right end?

a. Q b. C
c. E d. U

16. If only the first 10 alphabets are reversed from the left end in the above sequence, then
which alphabet will be 16th to the left of 8th alphabet from the right end?

a. O b. Q
c. H d. X

17. How many times vowels are present in the sequence given above?

a. 11 b. 12
c. 14 d. 8

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Alphabet, Number, Alphanumeric Test and Logical Sequence of Words

18. In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of
the following words?
1. Solar System
2. Earth
3. Countries
4. Galaxy
5. Continent
6. States

a. 6, 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 b. 6, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4
c. 6, 3, 4, 2, 1, 5 d. 6, 5, 2, 1, 3, 4

19. In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of
the following words?
1. Knee
2. Pelvic bone
3. Toe
4. Neck
5. Ribs
6. Shoulder

a. 5, 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 b. 6, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4
c. 4, 6, 5, 2, 1, 3 d. 4, 5, 2, 1, 3, 6

20. In the question below, which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of
the following words?
1. Choose what kind of wood you want to use to make your paper
2. Remove the paper pulp from the baking pan and dry it to get your paper.
3. Add bleach to your pulp slurry to create white paper
4. Place the wood pieces into a blender and add water to make a pulp
5. Break the wood down into small pieces using a wood plane
6. Put the paper pulp into a baking pan

a. 1, 5, 3, 6, 4, 2 b. 1, 4, 2, 5, 6, 3
c. 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6 d. 1, 5, 4, 3, 6, 2

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Chapter Ranking and Time
7 Sequence Test

Time sequence test deals with the questions related to time duration, days, calendar, leap year
and clock etc.

Under time sequence test, the students are expected to perform some calculations based on
calendar. The logic behind guessing the days, dates, months, etc. will be discussed in some
questions in this workbook.

Some basic rules to get started with the calendar and time-based questions are given below.

Under ranking test, the students should arrange the elements accordingly and determine their
position from both the ends.

Students can use the formula for determining the position of the element:

Total = Position from left + Position from right - 1

The left and right can be substituted by top and bottom also.

Some Revision for Calendar-Based Questions

1 week = 7 days

Leap year is divisible by 4 or 400 (Century years are checked with 400)

Month Month In 3 letters Days in Month

Number
1 January Jan 31
2 February Feb 28 (29 in leap years)
3 March Mar 31
4 April Apr 30
5 May May 31
6 June Jun 30
7 July Jul 31
8 August Aug 31
9 September Sep 30
10 October Oct 31
11 November Nov 30
12 December Dec 31

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Ranking and Time Sequence Test

Odd Days
In a given period, the quantity of days more than the complete weeks gives us the number of odd
days.

For example: In 30 days, we have 2 odd days as:

30/7 = 4 weeks (28 days) + 2 extra days which are known as odd day.

Example 1: If the second day of a month is Wednesday, which of the following would be the 4th
day before the 17th day of that month?

a. Monday b. Sunday
c. Wednesday d. Thursday

Solution 1: b

2nd is a Wednesday.

So, 9th and 16th will also be a Wednesday for the same month. [Since, 7 days in a week]

So, 17th will be Thursday.

4 days before 17th = 17 - 4=13th of that month.

Thursday - 4 = Sunday

Hence, option b is the correct answer.

Example 2: James is 12th from the left end and Thomas is 14th from the right end in a row of
students. If there are 21 students between James and Thomas, how many students are there in
the row?

a. 44 b. 48
c. 47 d. 45

Solution 2: c

We know,

James’s position from left = 12

Thomas’s position from right = 14

Students in the middle = 21

Total students = 12 + 21 + 14 = 47

Hence, “47” is the correct answer.

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Ranking and Time Sequence Test

Example 3: James left home for the bus stop 15 minutes earlier than usual. It takes 10 minutes to
reach the stop. He reached the stop at 8.40 a.m. What time does he usually leave home for the
bus stop?

a. 8.30 a.m. b. 8.45 p.m.

c. 8.55 a.m. d. 8.45 a.m.

Solution 3: d

Clearly, James left home 10 minutes before 8.40 a.m. i.e., at 8.30 a.m. But it was 15
minutes earlier than usual. So, he usually left for the stop at 8.45 a.m.

Example 4: In a row of 21 girls, when Monica was shifted by four places towards the right, she
became 12th from the left end. What was her earlier position from the right end of the row?

a. 14th b. 10th
c. 11th d. 12th

Solution 4: a

The change of place by Monika can be shown as under:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 M 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Clearly, Monica's earlier position was 8th from the left end and 14th from the right end. Hence, the
answer is 14th.

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Ranking and Time Sequence Test

Practice Questions
Directions (1-4): Six boats took part in a race. Boat R ﬁnished before Boat M but behind Boat G.
Boat A ﬁnished before Boat S but behind Boat M. Boat F finished after Boat S.

1. Which boat came fourth in the race?

a. Boat G b. Boat M
c. Boat A d. Boat S

2. What was the position of boat R in the race?

a. 2nd b. 1st
c. 4th d. 3rd

3. Which of the following boat did not finish the race before Boat A?

a. Boat G b. Boat M
c. Boat R d. Boat F

4. Which of the following boat took the least time to finish the race?

a. Boat G b. Boat M
c. Boat A d. Boat S

5. If 30th September 2010 was Monday, what will be the day on 8th October, 2010?

a. Thursday b. Wednesday
c. Saturday d. Tuesday

6. How many days will be there from 31st January 2024 to 14th April 2024?

a. 77 days b. 74 days
c. 81 days d. 84 days

7. If Nancy parks her car 47th from either end of the horizontal parking row. How many cars
are present in the horizontal parking row?

a. 94 b. 92
c. 93 d. 91

8. In a class of 85 students, Teddy is 18th from top. Bunny is 35th from the bottom. How many
students are there between Teddy and Bunny?

a. 32 b. 30
c. 31 d. 29

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Ranking and Time Sequence Test

9. If the position of 41 boys standing in a queue is reversed, what will be the position of the
boy whose rank will remain the same after the reversal?

a. 23 b. 25
c. 22 d. 21

Directions (10-15): There are six books with codes E8, H8, S8, C8, M8, and K8. Different
number of pages are present in all the books. C8 contains fewer pages than only two books. E8
contains more pages than S8 but less than K8. S8 does not contain the least number of pages.
K8 contains fewer pages than H8 only. The book which contains third lowest pages contain 32
pages.

10. How many books contain a greater number of pages as compared to the book with code
E8?

a. 2 b. 3
c. 5 d. 4

11. Which book code has the maximum number of pages in it?

a. H8 b. M8
c. C8 d. S8

12. If K8 has 47 pages in it, what can be the possible number of pages for the book code C8?

a. 49 b. 30
c. 29 d. 42

13. Which book code has the minimum number of pages in it?

a. H8 b. M8
c. C8 d. S8

14. If K8 has double the number of pages as the book which contains third lowest pages, then
estimate the number of pages in book code H8?

a. 60 b. 67
c. 55 d. 58

15. Which book code has the second least number of pages in it?

a. E8 b. K8
c. S8 d. M8

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Ranking and Time Sequence Test

16. If two days before yesterday was Saturday, then what day will be 2 weeks after today?

a. Monday b. Friday
c. Tuesday d. Wednesday

17. If all Saturdays and all Sundays are holidays in a 30 days month beginning on Saturday,
then how many working days are there in the month? (Assume that the working days are
from Monday to Friday).

a. 27 days b. 25 days
c. 22 days d. 20 days

18. Thomas remembers that his brother's birthday is after fifteenth but before
eighteenth of February whereas his sister Kate remembers that her brother's
birthday is after sixteenth but before nineteenth of February. On which day in
February is Thomas's brother's birthday?

a. 16th b. 17th
c. 15th d. 19th

19. The bell rings every two and a half hours in a temple. The priest said that the bell rang 45
minutes ago and the next bell will ring at 08:45 hrs. At what time did the priest gave this
statement?

a. 07:00 hrs b. 07:15 hrs

c. 6:55 hrs d. 6:45 hrs

20. If 25th of a month is Saturday, what will be the day 12 days before in the same month?

a. Tuesday b. Friday
c. Monday d. Saturday

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Figure Formation,
Chapter
Construction of Squares,
8 Grouping of Identical
Figures and Figure Matrix
Under this category of logical reasoning, students deal with questions related to figure formation,
construction of squares, grouping of identical figures and figure matrix.

Under the topic of grouping of identical figures, a group of figures are provided to the students
which they are supposed to group together in categories based on some common logic.

Under the topic of figure matrix, a group of figures is present in a rectangular matrix. There is
some relation between the elements in a row or in a column which student need to decode and
apply the logic to find the missing part.

Under the topic of construction of squares or figures, the students will be provided with some
simpler shapes joining which can form some composite shape present in the options.

Example 1: Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure
matrix:

a. b.

c. d.

Solution 1: a

The elements in a row 2 are the water images of the elements in row 1 and the elements in row 3
are one less than the number of elements (3) in row 1.

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Figure Formation, Construction of Squares, Grouping of Identical Figures and Figure Matrix

Following this logic, the question mark will be replaced by the water image of the hearts in the row
1.

The complete matrix will look as follows:

Hence, option a is the correct answer.

Example 2: Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other
would form a square.

a. 2, 3, 4 b. 1, 4, 5
c. 4, 3, 1 d. 2, 3, 5

Solution 2: d

Figures 2, 3 and 5 will form the square as shown in the following image:

Hence, option d is the correct answer.

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Figure Formation, Construction of Squares, Grouping of Identical Figures and Figure Matrix

Example 3: Group the given figures into three classes using each figure only once:

a. 1, 5, 9; 2, 7, 8; 3, 4, 6 b. 1, 5, 6; 4, 7, 8; 2, 3, 9
c. 2, 4, 9; 6, 7, 8; 1, 3, 5 d. 3, 7, 8; 4, 5, 9; 1, 2, 6

Solution 3: c

2, 4, 9 have two similar elements intersecting each other.

6, 7, 8 have two different elements one placed inside the other.
1, 3, 5 have two different elements intersecting each other.

Example 4: Complete the figure matrix:

a. b.

c. d.

Solution 4: c

We can see, on moving across, the number of dots increases by one and white dots become
black.

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Figure Formation, Construction of Squares, Grouping of Identical Figures and Figure Matrix

Practice Questions
1. Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other would
form a triangle:

a. 2, 3, 4 b. 1, 4, 5
c. 4, 3, 1 d. 1, 2, 4

2. Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix:

a. b.

c. d.

3. Group the given figures into three classes using each figure only once:

a. 2, 6, 8; 1, 7, 9; 3, 4, 5 b. 2, 6, 7; 1, 8, 3; 4, 5, 9
c. 1, 6, 7; 2, 8, 3; 4, 5, 9 d. 3, 1, 8; 2, 5, 7; 6, 4, 9

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Figure Formation, Construction of Squares, Grouping of Identical Figures and Figure Matrix

4. In the following questions, find out which of the option figures can be formed from the
pieces given in fig. (X):

a. b.

c. d.

5. Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other would
form a square:

a. 2, 3, 4 b. 3, 4, 5
c. 4, 3, 1 d. 1, 2, 4

6. Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix:

a. b.

c. d.

Figure Formation, Construction of Squares, Grouping of Identical Figures and Figure Matrix

16. Group the given figures into three classes using each figure only once.

a. 1, 6, 8; 2, 5, 7; 3, 4, 9 b. 2, 6, 7; 1, 8, 3; 4, 5, 9
c. 1, 2, 5; 6, 8, 3; 4, 7, 9 d. 3, 1, 9; 2, 6, 7; 5, 4, 9

17. Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other would
form a triangle.

a. 2, 3, 4 b. 3, 2, 5
c. 4, 3, 1 d. 1, 2, 4

18. Group the given figures into three classes using each figure only once.

a. 1, 3, 9; 2, 5, 7; 6, 4, 8 b. 2, 6, 7; 1, 8, 3; 4, 5, 9
c. 1, 2, 5; 6, 8, 3; 4, 7, 9 d. 3, 1, 9; 2, 6, 7; 5, 4, 9

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Figure Formation, Construction of Squares, Grouping of Identical Figures and Figure Matrix

19. Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix:

a. b.

c. d.

20. Group the given figures into three classes using each figure only once.

a. 1, 3, 9; 2, 5, 7; 6, 4, 8 b. 2, 6, 7; 1, 8, 3; 4, 5, 9
c. 1, 3, 5; 6, 8, 2; 4, 7, 9 d. 3, 1, 9; 2, 6, 7; 5, 4, 9

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Paper Folding, Paper
Chapter
Cutting, Cubes-Dice
9
and Analytical Reasoning
Under this section of logical reasoning, the observation skills of the students are monitored. How
well can a student spot the number of figures in an image comes under the category of questions
which belong to Analytical Reasoning.

In the case of paper folding and paper cutting, the students are expected to predict how a figure
should look if we unfold it or make some cuttings on it and unfold it. This prediction is simply
based on the concept of symmetry.

A figure is called symmetric if it can be divided equally into two parts.

While dealing with the cubes and dices, the students need to predict the number or the letter
present on the other end (opposite end) of the cube depending upon the two/three/four figure
positions given in the question.

For solving such questions, the student needs to know that dices are basically cubes that have six
faces. Mostly the students are asked to determine the opposite faces of the dice.

Before that, we need to know some basic facts regarding the dices.

Dices are of two types-

i. Standard dices
ii. Ordinary dices

In standard dices, the sum of the two numbers on the opposite should always be 7. This means,
“6 is always opposite to 1”, “3 is always opposite to 4”, and so on.

In ordinary dices, the sum of the two numbers on the adjacent surfaces is equal to 7.

For example:

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Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning

The above dice is an ordinary dice, as 6 and 1 are adjacent to each other and sum up to 7.

The above dice is a standard dice, as no adjacent surface sum up to 7.

We also have an open dice, in which all the six faces of the dice are shown. The dices show the
opposite position of rows and columns.

In this case,

1 lies opposite to 5;

2 lies opposite to 4;

3 lies opposite to 6.

Case 2:

In this case,

1 lies opposite to 6;

2 lies opposite to 4;

3 lies opposite to 5.

The other possible cases of constructing and deconstructing a dice, will be discussed in higher
classes.

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Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning

Let’s take few examples to understand these concepts better.

Example 1: A piece of paper is folded and cut as shown below. From the option given, identify,
how it will appear when opened?

a. b.

c. d.

Solution 1: b
Dotted lines and arrows indicate that paper has been folded in that way. Visualising this we obtain fig. (b).

Example 2: A cube with all the sides painted was divided into small cubes of equal measurement.
The side of a small cube is exactly one third as that of the big cub. Find the number of small
cubes with all the three sides painted.

a. 16 b. 10
c. 8 d. 12

Solution 2: c

The volume of the cube = (side)3

For calculating the number of smaller cubes, we need to divide the volume occupied by the bigger
cube by the volume occupied by the smaller cube.

Let us assume that the volume of bigger cube = 1 cm3

So, volume of smaller cube = (1/3)3 × 1 cm3

Volume of smaller cube = 1/27 cm3

Therefore, number of smaller cubes obtained = Volume of bigger cube / Volume of smaller cube

= 1 / (1/27) = 27

The number of cubes with 3 sides painted remains constant as 8 because only the cubes present
at the vertex of the bigger cube will be the ones that will be painted on all three sides.

Since there are only 8 vertices so, the number of cubes with three sides painted = 8.

Hence, option c is the correct answer.

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Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning

Example 3: How many triangles are there in the following figure?

a. 24 b. 12
c. 19 d. 27

Solution 2: a

The first figure shows 6 triangles namely ABC, ACD, ADE, ABE, ADB, ACE.

The second (EBH, ECH and EDG) and third figures (HEK, HGJ and HFI) shows 3 triangles each.

The fourth figure shows 6 triangles (AHI, AIJ, AJK, AHJ, AIK and AHK).

There are 6 triangles in the last figure (AHF, AFG, AGE, AHG, AFE and AHE)

Hence, total 24 triangles are present in the above figure.

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Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning

Practice Questions
1. The sequence of folding a piece of square paper and the manner in which the folded
paper has been cut is shown in figures X, Y and Z. How would this paper look when
unfolded?

a. b.

c. d.

2. How many cubes are present in the diagram given below?

a. 27 b. 18
c. 64 d. 30

Directions (3-5): Study the open dice carefully and answer the questions given below.

3. If the dice is constructed from this open dice, which side will be opposite to K?

a. H b. L
c. W d. T

4. If the dice is constructed from this open dice, which side will be opposite to T?

a. L b. H
c. B d. K

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Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning

5. Choose the dice that is similar to the dice formed from the open dice given above.

a. 1 b. 2
c. 3 d. 4

6. Choose the alternative which closely resembles the figure obtained after folding the given
figure.

a. b.

c. d.

7. A cube with all the sides painted was divided into small cubes of equal measurement. The
volume of the bigger cube is 64 cubic cm. If the volume of the smaller cube is 8 cubic cm,
then find the number of small cubes with only two sides painted.

a. 0 b. 1
c. 2 d. 4

8. How many circles are present in the figure given below?

a. 14 b. 16
c. 17 d. 18

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Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning

9. How many pentagons are present in the diagram given below?

a. 8 b. 6
c. 4 d. 3

10. The sequence of folding a piece of square paper and the manner in which the
folded paper has been cut is shown in the figures X, Y and Z. How would this
paper look when unfolded?

a. b.

c. d.

11. The six faces of a dice have been marked with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively.
This dice is rolled down three times. The three positions are shown as:

Which number will be at the top if 6 is at the bottom?

a. 3 b. 4
c. 5 d. 2

12. A cube with all the sides painted was divided into small cubes of equal measurement. The
side of a small cube is exactly one-third of the big cube. Find the number of small cubes
with only two sides painted.

a. 8 b. 10
c. 12 d. 6

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Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning

13. Choose the alternative which closely resembles the figure obtained after folding the given
figure.

a. b.

c. d.

14. How many cubes are present in the diagram given below?

a. 18 b. 21
c. 16 d. 19

15. How many triangles are there in the figure?

a. 29 b. 24
c. 26 d. 28

16. A cube with all the sides painted was divided into small cubes of equal measurement. The
volume of the bigger cube is 216 cubic cm. If the volume of smaller cube is 8 cubic cm,
then find the number of small cubes with only one side painted.

a. 6 b. 8
c. 12 d. 10

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Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning

17. Choose the alternative which closely resembles the figure obtained after folding the given
figure.

a. b.

c. d.

Directions (18-19): The six faces of a dice have been marked with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
respectively. This dice is rolled down four times. The four positions are shown as:

18. Which number will be opposite to the number 5?

a. 4 b. 2
c. 3 d. 1

19. Which number will be opposite to the number 4?

a. 5 b. 2
c. 3 d. 1

20. Choose the alternative which closely resembles the figure obtained after folding the given
figure.

a. b.

c. d.

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c. d.

6. From amongst the option figures (a), (b), (c), and (d), select the figure which satisfies the
same conditions of placement of the dots as in question figure.

a. b.

c. d.

7. From the given answer figures, select the one in which the question figure is
hidden/embedded (Rotation not allowed):

a. b.

c. d.

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Embedded Figures and Dot Situations

8. From the given answer figures, select the one in which the question figure is
hidden/embedded (Rotation not allowed):

a. b.

c. d.

9. From the option figures, select the figure which satisfies the same conditions of placement
of the dots as in question figure.

a. b.

c. d.

10. From amongst the option figures (a), (b), (c), and (d), select the figure which satisfies the
same conditions of placement of the dots as in question figure.

a. b.

c. d.

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Embedded Figures and Dot Situations

11. From the given answer figures, select the one in which the question figure is
hidden/embedded (Rotation not allowed):

a. b.

c. d.

12. From the given answer figures, select the one in which the question figure is
hidden/embedded (Rotation not allowed):

a. b.

c. d.

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Embedded Figures and Dot Situations

13. From amongst the option figures (a), (b), (c), and (d), select the figure which satisfies the
same conditions of placement of the dots as in question figure.

a. b.

c. d.

14. From amongst the option figures (a), (b), (c), and (d), select the figure which satisfies the
same conditions of placement of the dots as in question figure.

a. b.

c. d.

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Embedded Figures and Dot Situations

15. From the given answer figures, select the one in which the question figure is
hidden/embedded (Rotation not allowed):

a. b.

c. d.

16. From the given answer figures, select the one in which the question figure is
hidden/embedded (Rotation not allowed):

a. b.

c. d.

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Embedded Figures and Dot Situations

17. From amongst the option figures (a), (b), (c), and (d), select the figure which satisfies the
same conditions of placement of the dots as in question figure.

a. b.

c. d.

18. From amongst the option figures (a), (b), (c), and (d), select the figure which satisfies the
same conditions of placement of the dots as in question figure.

a. b.

c. d.

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Embedded Figures and Dot Situations

19. From the given answer figures, select the one in which the question figure is
hidden/embedded (Rotation not allowed):

a. b.

c. d.

20. From the given answer figures, select the one in which the question figure is
hidden/embedded (Rotation not allowed):

a. b.

c. d.

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Chapter
11 Mirror and Water Images

Mirror images are a reflection of an object in a mirror.

In Mirror images,

The top and the bottom remain the same whereas the left and the right of the object changes.

Example 1: Try to identify the mirror image for the below figure:

Solution:

If we carefully observe the mirror image of the given figure, we will notice that the top and the
bottom is intact in their position.

Only the left and the right interchange their position.

This is how we form mirror images.

In Water Images,

The top and the bottom interchange their position but the left and the right remain intact in their
positions.

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A basic understanding of various types of sample cases will help in solving the coming questions
more easily.

Example 1: Select the option that correctly represents the relationship among the following:

Wheat, Cereal, Rice

a. b.

c. d.

Solution 1: b Wheat and Rice are types of Cereals. The correct Venn diagram representation is,

Hence, option b is the correct answer.

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Logical Venn Diagram

Example 2: In the following figure, the circle represents silk, the triangle represents dress, the
square represents blue, and the pentagon represents pink.

Which of the following alphabet represents a blue dress which is not of silk material?

a. S b. R
c. U d. T

Solution 2: a

The required number will lie in the intersection of triangle and square without including the circle.

Hence, “S” is the correct answer.

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Logical Venn Diagram

Practice Questions
1. Select the option that correctly represents the relationship among the following:
Gold, Element, Metal

a. b.

c. d.

2. Select the option that correctly represents the relationship among the following:
Owl, Fox, Ant

a. b.

c. d.

3. Select the option that correctly represents the relationship among the following:
Friend, Colleague, Relative

a. b.

c. d.

4. Select the option that correctly represents the relationship among the following:
Elephant, Deer, Herbivore

a. b.

c. d.

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a. 3 b. 1
c. 7 d. 9

Directions (16-17): In the following figure, the trapezium represents brown, the arrow represents
long, the oval represents blanket, and the rectangle represents soft.

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Logical Venn Diagram

16. What does letter “J” represent in the figure given above?

a. A long soft brown blanket

b. A soft blanket which is not brown in colour
c. A brown long blanket which is not soft.
d. Only soft

17. Which letter represents a blanket which is long but neither soft nor brown?

a. C b. J
c. P d. No such letter

18. Which letter represents a soft long blanket which is not brown?

a. F b. C
c. P d. J

19. Select the option that correctly represents the relationship among the following:
Sweets, Candies, Noodles

a. b.

c. d.

20. Select the option that correctly represents the relationship among the following:
Tiger, Mammal, Animal

a. b.

c. d.

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Chapter Mathematical
13 Operations

Under this section of logical reasoning, the students deal with mathematical problems which are
not solved in the normal way. It means that there will be certain manipulation with the symbols of
the operator and the student needs to solve those questions keeping in mind those manipulations.

Not only mathematical operators but there can be a change in operands also.

Example 1: Which two numbers should be interchanged in the following equation to make it
correct?

(33 x 3 + 2) ÷ 12 - 9 = 7

a. 33 and 2 b. 12 and 9
c. 3 and 2 d. 2 and 9

Solution 1: d

Option a: 33 and 2

= (2 × 3 + 33) ÷ 12 - 9

= (6 +33) ÷ 12 - 9

= (39 ÷ 12) - 9

= 3.25 - 9

= -5.75 ≠ 7

Option b: 12 and 9

= (33 × 3 + 2) ÷ 9 - 12

= (99 + 2) ÷ 9 - 12

= (101 ÷ 9) - 12

= 11.23 - 12

= - 0.77 ≠ 7

Option c: 3 and 2

= (33 × 2 + 3) ÷ 12 - 9

= (66 + 3) ÷ 12 - 9

= (69 ÷ 12) - 9

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Mathematical Operations

= 5.75 - 9

= - 3.25 ≠ 7

Option d: 2 and 9

= (33 × 3 + 9) ÷ 12 - 2

= (99 +9) ÷ 12 - 2

= (108 ÷ 12) - 2

=9-2

Hence the answer is 2 and 9.

Example 2: If ‘β’ means ‘Addition’, ‘€’ means ‘Subtraction’, ‘Ω’ means ‘Multiplication’, and ‘¥’
means ‘Division’, then

84 β 62 Ω 27 ¥ 9 € 36 β 12

a. 306 b. 246
c. 286 d. 276

Solution 2: b

By decoding the above information,

Addition (+) β

Subtraction (-) €

Multiplication (×) Ω

Division (/) ¥

84 + 62 × 27 ÷ 9 - 36 + 12

Using BODMAS rule,

= 84 + 62 × 27 ÷ 9 - 36 + 12

= 84 + 1674 ÷ 9 - 36 + 12

= 84 + 186 - 36 + 12

= 270 - 36 + 12

= 234 + 12

= 246

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Mathematical Operations

Practice Questions
1. Which two numbers should be interchanged to make the given equation correct?
96 + 24 ÷ 5 - 4 = 154 - 85 ÷ 8 - 42

a. 8 and 5 b. 96 and 85
c. 4 and 5 d. 8 and 42

2. If Y denotes subtraction and D denotes addition, then find the value of:
85 D 95 Y 96 D 78 Y 21

a. 151 b. 142
c. 152 d. 141

3. If × stands for -, ÷ stands for +, + stands for ÷ and - stands for ×, which one of the following
equations is correct?

a. 20 + 12 × 2 = 5 b. 23 ÷ 36 - 14 = 527
c. 12 × 11 + 4 = 40 d. 80 + 20 - 2 = 6

4. If 15 (35) 3 and 7 (67) 11, then what is the value of 'K’ in 8 (K) 16?

a. 128 b. 118
c. 108 d. 138

5. Which of the following signs should replace the “÷” symbol in order to make the given
equation correct?
180 ÷ 26 + 34 - 12 × 4 = 140

a. × b. +
c. - d. None of these

6. In the following question, correct the given equation by interchanging two numbers.
25 × 3 - 14 ÷ 7 × 6 = 144

a. 3 and 6 b. 7 and 14
c. 25 and 6 d. 3 and 7

7. In a certain code language, @ represents +, ⊕ represents '-', ⍺ represents '÷' and '⊝'
represents 'x', then find the value of:
1
45 @ (114 ⊝ 2 ) ⍺ 19 ⊕ 3

a. 44 b. 47.5
c. 45 d. 42.5

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Mathematical Operations

8. If ‘@’ means ‘Addition’, ‘#’ means ‘Subtraction’, ‘&’ means ‘Multiplication’, and ‘$’ means
‘Division’, then
100 & 5 @ 20 # 50 $ 10 = ?

a. 515 b. 500
c. 615 d. 605

9. If ‘A’ is replaced by ‘+’, ‘B’ is replaced by ‘-‘ ‘C’ is preplaced by ‘×’ and ‘D’ is replaced by ‘÷’,
find the value of the following expression.
27 A 880 D 11 C 2 B 67

a. 140 b. 117
c. 122 d. 120

10. Which two signs should be interchanged in the following equation to make it correct?
15 + 3 × 19 - 16 ÷ 4 = 60

a. + and - b. × and +
c. ÷ and × d. + and ÷

11. If 22 (1) 7 and 18 (7) 11, then what is the value of 'S’ in 89 (S) 17?

a. 4 b. 5
c. 3 d. 8

12. If P denotes division and R denotes multiplication, then find the value of:
44 P 2 R 9 R 2 P 4

a. 100 b. 101
c. 89 d. 99

13. If 13 # 16 = 104 and 12 # 18 = 108, then 18 # 14 = ?

a. 122 b. 124
c. 126 d. 128

14. If ‘&’ means ‘Addition’, ‘%’ means ‘Subtraction’, ‘@’ means ‘Multiplication’, and ‘$’ means
‘Division’, then find the value of:
62 & 52 & 93 $ 3 @ 6 % 4

a. 299 b. 300
c. 288 d. 296

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Mathematical Operations

15. Which of the following signs should replace the “+” symbol in order to make the equation
correct?
36 - 96 + 6 - 22 = -2

a. - b. ÷
c. × d. None of these

16. If ‘A’ is replaced by ‘+’, ‘B’ is replaced by ‘-‘, ‘C’ is preplaced by ‘÷’ and ‘D’ is replaced by
‘×’, find the value of the following expression.
96 A 25 B 32 D 8 C 2

a. 7 b. 6
c. -7 d. -6

17. If '+' means '÷', '÷' means '-', '-' means 'x' and 'x' means '+', then find the value of:
633 ÷ 254 - 2 x 15 + 5

a. 128 b. 127
c. 147 d. 148

18. If 36 P 8 = 2 and 42 P 4 = 13, then 26 P 5 = ?

a. 135 b. 25
c. 3 d. 12

19. In the following question, correct the given equation by interchanging two numbers.
25 × 15 - 9 + 36 ÷ 12 = 213

a. 9 and 12 b. 15 and 9
c. 36 and 25 d. 12 and 15

20. Which of the following signs should replace the “β” symbol in order to make the equation
correct?
228 - 19 × 10 β 20 + 36 = 254.5

a. × b. +
c. - d. ÷

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Previous Year Paper (2021-22)
Logical Reasoning (Each Question is 1 Mark)

1. 'Mind' is related to 'think', in the same way, 'teeth' are related to:

a. See b. Chew
c. Walk d. Talk

2. Find the next number in the given series:

a. 56 b. 66
c. 93 d. 76

3. If the code of AMONG is BKRJL, then the code of SLEEP is:

a. LEPSE b. TJHAU
c. TMFGO d. TJGBU

4. Count the number of small cubes in the following figures:

a. 10 b. 7
c. 8 d. 9

5. Richard is facing towards North and turns through 45° anti-clockwise, then 135° clockwise
and again 90° clockwise. In which direction is he facing now?

a. East b. West
c. North d. South

6. Which of the following signs, if changed, will make the equation correct?
25 × 5 - 50 ÷ 2 + 10 = 140

a. × and - b. + and -
c. ÷ and + d. + and ×

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Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

7. In the following figures choose the odd one out:

a. b.

c. d.

8. In the following question, choose the correct water image of the given object:

a. b.

c. d.

9. What should come in the place of question mark (?) in the following alpha-numeric series?
ST39, UV43, WX47, ?

a. YZ47 b. YZ52
c. YZ51 d. YX50

10. Find the missing term from amongst the options:

a. 211 b. 231
c. 241 d. 271

11. Jack said, "This girl is the wife of the grandson of my mother." Who is the Jack to girl?

a. Husband b. Father
c. Grandfather d. Father-in-law

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Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

12. Michael told his friend Sam, pointing to a photograph, 'Her father is the only son of my
mother". The photograph is of whom?

a. Michael’s niece b. Michael’s mother

c. Michael’s daughter d. Michael’s sister

13. Which one of the following is the odd one?

a. 31 b. 41
c. 51 d. 61

14. Choose the letter number group that is different from others:

a. OE3 b. XD6
c. JB5 d. Ph3

15. Study the given relation carefully, the first two figures in the problem figure are related in
some way. The same relationship holds between the third figure and one of the four
answer figures. Identify that figure:

a. b.

c. d.

16. Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence

[a] Elephant [b Cat] [c] Mosquito [d] Tiger [e] Whale

a. b, c, d, a, e b. c, b, d, a, e
c. b, c, d, e, a d. a, b, c, d, e

17. Which one of the given responses would be a meaningful order of the following words?
[a] Index [b] Content [c] Title [d] Chapter [e] Introduction

a. b, c, d, e, a b. c, e, b, d, a
c. a, c, d, e, b d. c, b, e, a, d

18. If 34 x 12 = 23, 28 x 76 = 52, 97 x 39 = 68, then what should 37 x 73 be?

a. 32 b. 25
c. 86 d. 55

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 106 www.crestolympiads.com

Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

19. Which interchange of signs will make the following equation correct?
35 + 7 x 5 ÷ 5 - 6 = 24

a. + and - b. + and x
c. ÷ and + d. - and ÷

20. How many triangles and parallelograms are there in the following figure?

a. 21, 17 b. 19, 13
c. 21, 15 d. 19, 17

21. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between the following?
Zebra, Grass-eating animals, Lions

a. b.

c. d.

22. Which of the answer figure is the mirror image of the figure given below if the mirror is held
vertically to the right of the question figure?

a. b.

c. d.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 107 www.crestolympiads.com

Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

23. Find out the option figure which is the mirror image of the given problem figure if mirror is
placed on the dotted line:

a. b.

Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

28. The following question consists of two words each that have a certain relationship with
each other. Select the pair that has the same relationship as the original words:
Run : Race :: ?

a. Enjoy : Journey b. Lecture : Study

c. Study : Book d. Party : Dance

29. If in a certain code language 'ARIHANT' is coded as 'ZIRSZMG', 'BIRD' is written as

'YRIW', then how will 'PAINTER' be coded in that language?

a. KZRFMVGI b. KZRMIGV
c. KZRMGIV d. KZRMGVI

30. If the animals which can walk are called 'swimmers', animals who crawl are called 'flying',
those living in water are called 'snakes' and those who fly in the sky are called 'hunters',
then what will a lizard be called?

a. Swimmers b. Snakes
c. Flying d. Hunters

31. In the following question, all the equations except one have been solved according to a
certain rule. You are required to solve the unsolved equation following the same rule and
to choose the correct answer out of the given options:
If 2463 = 36 and 5552 = 30, then 6732 = ?

a. 32 b. 36
c. 34 d. 39

32. Kate went 50 m South from her house, then turned left and went 20 m, then turning to
North she went 30 m. In which direction is her home from this point?

a. North b. South-West
c. East d. North-West

33. In the following question, find the question figure in which answer figure is embedded:

a. b.

c. d.

Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

34. Given below are the different positions of a dice. What shall come in the place of 'X'?

a. 3 b. 5
c. 2 d. 1

35. The age of Robert is twice the age of Sam and half the age of James, Sam is elder than
Leo. Who is the eldest?

a. Leo b. Robert
c. James d. Saurav

36. In the following question, one number is wrong in the series. Find out the number:
4, 10, 22, 40, 84, 94, 130

a. 22 b. 40
c. 64 d. 84

37. What should come in the place of question mark (?) in the following alpha-numeric series?
3F, 6G, 11I, 18L, ?

a. 27P b. 25N
c. 27Q d. 21O

38. In the following question, find the figure out of the answer choices figures, that can be
formed by joining the pieces given in the question figure (figures are not to scale):

a. b.

c. d.

Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

39. In the following question, five figures are given. Out of them, find the three figures that can
be joined to form a square:

a. ABD b. ACD
c. BDE d. BCE

40. Which of the following will be the correct mirror image of the given figure, when the mirror
is placed vertically to the right?

a. b.

c. d.

Achiever’s Section (Each Question is 2 Marks)

41. In the following question, there is a certain relationship between the two numbers on the
left side of '::' and one number is given on the other side of '::'. From amongst the four
given alternatives, choose the one which completes the second pair in the same way as
the first pair:
49 : 36 : : 64 : ?

a. 30 b. 36
c. 25 d. 32

42. Read the following information and answer the question given below:
Five girls are sitting on a bench to be photographed.
i. Jenny is to the left of Rachel and to the right of Arya.
ii. Rebecca is to the right of Rachel.
iii. Cathy is between Rachel and Rebecca.

Who is second from the right?

a. Rebecca b. Rachel
c. Cathy d. Arya

Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

43. Study the following information carefully and answer the question:

Members of a family A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are sitting together. A is the son of G who is

the brother of F, F is the mother of E and B. E is the brother of B and B is the sister of C. C
is a male. D is a female and child of C.

How is B related to A?

a. Cousin b. Mother
c. Aunt d. Sister-in-law

44. One morning, Leo started to walk towards the Sun. After covering some distance, he
turned to the left, then again to the right and after covering some distance he again turned
to the left. Now, in which direction is he facing?

a. North-East b. East
c. North d. West

45. In the following question, a set of three figures is given, showing a sequence in which, a
paper is folded and finally cut in a particular manner. Now, you have to select the answer
figure, showing the design which the paper actually acquires when it is unfolded:

a. b.

c. d.

46. Study the following diagram and then answer the question given below:
Which number represents Poets who are neither Authors nor Essayists or Dramatists?

a. 2 and 4 b. 8 and 3
c. 2 and 3 d. 5 and 1

Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

47. In making decisions about an important question, it is desirable to be able to distinguish

between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are
both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments are those which are
of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related
to a trivial aspect of the question. The question below is followed by two arguments
numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and
which is a 'weak' argument?

Statement: Should there be no examination upto grade 9 in all the schools in India?
Arguments:
I. No, students need to go through the process of giving examinations right from
young age.
II. Yes, this will help students to think laterally and achieve their creative pursuits.

a. Only argument I is strong b. Only argument II is strong

c. Either I or II is strong d. Both I and II are strong

48. Sara correctly remembers that her father's birthday is before 16th June but after 11th
June. However, her younger brother correctly remembers that their father's birthday is
after 13th June but before 18th June, and her elder brother correctly remembers that their
father's birthday is on an even date. On what date in June, is definitely their father's
birthday?

a. Sixteenth b. Twelfth
c. Fourteenth d. Data inadequate

49. In the question given below, there is a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I
and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two
conclusions together and decide which of them logically follows beyond a reasonable
doubt from the information given in the statement:

Statement- Sealed tenders are invited from competent contractors experienced in

executing construction jobs.
Conclusions-
I. Tenders are invited only from experienced contractors.
II. It is difficult to find competent tenderers construction jobs.

a. Only conclusion I follows b. Only conclusion II follows

c. Either I or II follows d. Neither I nor II follows

Previous Year Paper (2021-22)

50. Read the following information and then answer the question that follows. In the figure, the
rectangle stands for philosophers, circle for historians and triangle for magicians:

According to the diagram given below, which one of the following statements is not true?

a. Some magicians are philosophers

b. No magician is historian
c. Magicians, who are philosophers are historians also
d. Some philosophers are magicians

Answer Key
Chapter 1: Series Completion and Inserting the Missing
Character
1. b
In the first step, the “L” gets rotated by 90 degrees in the clockwise direction, in the second
step the “L” remains intact and the position of “N” and ”J” is swapped.
It is continued in the next steps as well.
Hence, option (b) is the next image in the series.

2. c
The logic is:

Hence, “JF” is the correct answer.

3. d
The pattern followed here is:
60 - 6 = 54
54 - 6 = 48
48 - 6 = 42
42 - 6 = 36
36 - 6 = 30
30 - 6 = 24
24 - 6 = 18
Hence, “36” is the correct answer.

4. b
The logic is:
77, 75, 78, 74, 79, 73, ?
77 - 2 = 75
75 + 3 = 78
78 - 4 = 74
74 + 5 = 79
79 - 6 = 73
73 + 7 = 80
Hence, “80” is the correct answer.

5. c
The alphabet in the consecutive circle is getting added by 3 and the alphabet in the
consecutive rectangle is getting added by 2.
The position of the circle and rectangle is also getting swapped in each step.

Answer Key

Hence, option (c) is the next image in the series.

6. b
The logic is:
Letter + 3 and Number + 3
J+3 = M and 12+3 = 15
Similarly,
S+3 = V and 21+3 = 24 Hence, “V24” is the correct answer.

7. d
At every even step (2 and 4), a new element is added and no shifting takes place.
In the third step, the elements are shifting in the anticlockwise direction, so similar shift will
be witnessed in the 5th step as well.
Hence, option (d) is the next image in the series.

8. a
The logic is:

Hence, “ISS” is the correct answer.

9. b
The logic is:
25 × 1 = 25 + 1 = 26
26 × 2 = 52 + 2 = 54
54 × 3 = 162 + 3 = 165
165 × 4 = 660 + 4 = 664
664 × 5 = 3320 + 5 = 3325
Hence, “3325” is the correct answer.

10. a
The figures are shifting their positions in the clockwise direction.
There are four figures, so in every 4th step the figures will come back to their
initial(starting) position.
Hence, option (a) is the next image in the series.

11. a
The logic is:
(Column 1)2 + (Column 3)2 = Column 2
42 + 62
16 + 36 = 52

Answer Key

12. d
The logic is:
34 ÷ 2 = 17
17 × 4 = 68
68 ÷ 2 = 34
34 × 4 = 136
136 ÷ 2 = 68
68 × 4 = 272
Hence, “272” is the correct answer.

13. b
The figures on the left are decreasing by 1 in each step whereas the figures on the right
are increasing by 2 in each step.
Hence, option (b) is the next image in the series.

14. c
The logic is:

Hence, “MJ” is the correct answer.

15. a
The logic is:
3×2+1=7
7 × 2 + 1 = 15
15 × 2 + 1 = 31
31 × 2 + 1 = 63
63 × 2 + 1 = 127
Hence, “63” is the correct answer.

16. a
The logic is:
Row 3 + Row 2 + 8 = Row 1

17. b

18. a
The logic is:

Hence, “FJIM” is the correct answer.

Answer Key

19. b
The logic is:
7 × 3 = 21
21 - 1 = 20
8 × 4 = 32
32 - 2 = 30
Similarly,
5 × 9 = 45
45 - 3 = 42
Hence, “42” is the correct answer.

20. d
The alphabets at the diagonal position are getting rotated. The top alphabet is rotated by
90 degrees in clockwise direction and the alphabet at the bottom is rotated by 90 degrees
in anticlockwise direction.
The alphabets which were rotated in the previous step get changed into the consecutive
alphabet in the next step (P becomes Q, Q becomes R….so on).
Hence, option (d) is the next image in the series.

Chapter 2: Analogy and Classification

1. d
The pattern followed here is:
(28, 224, 8) = 28 × 8 = 224
Similarly,
(19, 171, 9) = 19 × 9 = 171
Hence the correct answer is (19, 171, 9).

2. a
The pattern followed here is:
(286, 30, 16) = 286 - 30 = 256 and √256 = 16
Similarly,
(216, 20, 14) = 216 - 20 = 196 and √196 = 14
Hence, the correct answer is (216, 20, 14).

3. b
The pattern followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, “MGOC” is the correct answer.

Answer Key

4. c
Study of birds is called Ornithology.
Similarly, Study of plants is called Botany.
Hence, “Botany” is the correct answer.

5. d
Toad is an amphibian
Similarly, Porcupine is a rodent.
Hence, “Rodent” is the correct answer.

6. a

7. d
The pattern followed here is:
96 ÷ 16 = 6
So, 96 : 6
Similarly,
176 ÷ 16 = 11
So, 176 : 11
Hence, “11” is the correct answer.

8. a
The pattern followed here is:

F A R M B O O N

M R A F N O O B
Hence, “NOOB” is the correct answer.

9. d
The pattern followed here is:

Hence, “OLYB” is the correct answer.

10. a
The pattern followed here is:

Hence, “JLUI” is the correct answer.

Answer Key

11. a
The figure having four sides is related to eight point star because the logic is to double the
number of sides to get the number of points in a star.
Similarly, the number of sides is three in a triangle, so its corresponding star will have six
points.
Hence, the figure in option a is the correct answer.

12. a
The pattern followed here is:

Therefore, “AFJO” is odd among them.

Hence, “AFJO” is the correct answer.

13. c
The pattern followed here is:

Therefore, “LO” is odd among them.

Hence, “LO” is the correct answer.

14. b
The pattern followed here is:

Therefore, “POM” is odd among them.

Hence, “POM” is the correct answer.

Answer Key

15. c
In each number except 369, the middle digit is the sum of other two

16. c
All except “Mike Tyson” are world famous footballers, whereas Mike Tyson is an American
professional boxer.
Therefore, “Mike Tyson” is different from the other options.
Hence, “Mike Tyson” is the correct answer.

17. b
All except “Reclusive“ are synonyms of each other.

Word Meaning
Gregarious Tending to associate with
others of one's kind
Reclusive Seeking solitude
Sociable Inclined to seek or enjoy
companionship
Extrovert One whose personality is
characterized by extroversion

Hence, “Reclusive” is the correct answer.

18. c
All except “Significant” are synonyms of each other.

Word Meaning
Frivolous Of little weight or importance
Negligible Small or unimportant
Significant Having meaning or importance
Trivial Of little worth or importance

Hence, “Significant” is the correct answer

19. d
In the given figures, the smiley’s lips and the arrow are facing each other in all the figures
except figure D where it is not facing each other.
Hence, figure D is the correct answer.

20. c
In all the given figures, the open corner of the partial circle and the longer end of the
diagonal strip are facing each other except figure C where the shorter end of the diagonal
strip is facing the open corner of the partial circle.
Hence, figure C is the correct answer.

Answer Key

Chapter 3: Blood Relations

1. c
Let us first decode the given symbols and then draw a family tree
P is
Symbol + × -
Meaning Mother Son Sister
Of Q
.
D F

G is the nephew of F means G is the son of D and D is the sister of F.

G × D means G is the son of D
D - F means D is the sister of F
Hence, G × D - F is the correct answer.

2. b
Y × N + B means Y is the son of N and N is the mother of B.
This means that N is the mother of both Y and B.
Since, Y is the son, hence he is male.
Therefore, Y is the brother of B.

3. c
F-G and P-J belong to the same generation as “-“ sign denotes one is the sister of the
other.
Hence, they will belong to the same generation.

4. a

5. d

6. a
H is
Symbol @ $ >
Meaning Wife Son Brother
Of E

Answer Key

For, S is the son of R

S $ Q means S is the son of Q
Q @ R means Q is the wife of R
So, S is also the son of R.
Hence, S $ Q @ R is the correct answer.

7. c
N @ D > S $ Z means N is the wife of D and D is the brother of S and S is the son of Z.
This means D and S have the same parents.
So, Z is the parent of D.

8. b
N @ D > S $ Z means N is the wife of D and D is the brother of S and S is the son of Z.
This means D is married to N.
So, N is the daughter in law of Z

9. a
R $ G > T means R is the son of G and G is the brother of T.
That means the gender of T can’t be determined from the above relation.

10. b
Possible tree diagram will be:

Ana

Bob Timber Sam

Susan
11. a
Possible tree diagram will be:

Manny

Nora Mickey

Kate Richard

Answer Key

12. c
Possible tree diagram will be:

Bob

Sophie Danny

Lilly Jack

13. c
J is
Symbol % + ?
Meaning Father Sister Daughter
Of P

Now draw family tree using following notations:

L is the niece of P can be represented as:

L?M+P
L ? M means L is the daughter of M
M + P means M is the sister of P
Therefore, sister’s daughter can be called as niece.
So, L is the niece of P.
Hence, L ? M + P is the correct answer

14. b
S + D ? A means S is the sister of D and D is the daughter of A.
That means D and S are siblings and belong to the same generation.

15. a
F % D + Q + Y ? S means F is the father of D; D is the sister of Q; Q is the sister of Y and
Y is the daughter of S.
That means F is the husband of S.

Answer Key

16. a
R + L ? G % K means R is the sister of L; L is the daughter of G and G is the father of K.
That means R, L and K are siblings and G is the father of the three.

17. d
G + H % T means G is the sister of H and H is the father of T.
Only option (D) shows that G is a female.

18. a

19. d

20. b

Chapter 4: Coding and Decoding

1. b
i. DEBATE – DIABETES (Can be formed)
ii. SEALED – DIABETES (Cannot be formed because L is missing)
iii. BESIDE – DIABETES (Can be formed)
iv. TEASE – DIABETES (Can be formed)
Hence, the correct answer is “SEALED”.

2. d

3. b

4. a

Answer Key

5. c

6. a
Smile = qs, therefore “like for” is left with the code “km vc”

Answer option should definitely have “km” and “vc” together.

Long = “hs”

Therefore, the code for “like for long” = “km vc hs”.

7. a
The pattern followed here is:
Letter H A V E
Code 8 1 2+2=4 5

Similarly,
Letter T A P E
Code 2+0=2 1 1 + 6 =7 5
Hence, 2175 is the correct answer.

Answer Key

8. d
Combining the 2 words and their depictions in sequence, we can infer the following
representation of letters:
R E P L Y

2 5 4 3 1

A B A S H

7 6 7 8 9

Hence from the above table, LABEL can be represented as,

L A B E L

3 7 6 5 3

LABEL can be represented as 37653

Hence, 37653 is the correct answer.

9. b
Shoe is not a part of human body.
But, Shoe is called feet.
Hence, “Feet” is the correct answer.

10. a
Badminton uses a shuttlecock.
But, basketball means badminton.
Hence, “basketball” is the correct answer.

11. c
i. RENT - PENETRATE (Can be formed)
ii. TRAP - PENETRATE (Can be formed)
iii. TEST - PENETRATE (Cannot be formed because S is missing)
iv. TEA - PENETRATE (Can be formed)
Hence, the correct answer is “TEST”.

12. b
i. SIN - FANTASTIC (Can be formed)
ii. STINK - FANTASTIC (Cannot be formed because K is missing)
iii. FACT - FANTASTIC (Can be formed)
iv. FAT - FANTASTIC (Can be formed)
Hence, the correct answer is “STINK”.

Answer Key

13. c
The codes for the given letters are:
B O T M

F A H W

So, ‘BOTTOM’ is written as:

B O T T O M

F A H H A W

Hence, FAHHAW is the correct answer.

14. c

15. a

16. b
In the second statement, only “tap” is not repeating on the left side a
similarly, only “pd” is not repeating on the right side.

Answer Key

17. d
In the first statement, only “tail” is not repeating on the left side and similarly, only “pu” is
not repeating on the right side.

18. b
i. FICTION - PURIFICATION (Can be formed)
ii. RUST - PURIFICATION (Cannot be formed because S is missing)
iii. CAUTION - PURIFICATION (Can be formed)
iv. RUN - PURIFICATION (Can be formed)
Hence, the correct answer is “RUST”.

19. d
The pattern followed here is:
Letter D R O P
Code 4-1=3 18 - 1 = 17 15 - 1 = 14 16 - 1 = 15

Similarly,
Letter S I Z E

Code 19 - 1 = 18 9-1=8 26 - 1 = 25 5-1=4

Hence, 188254 is the correct answer.

20. d
i. TOPOGRAPHY - PHOTOGRAPHY (Can be formed)
ii. TRAP - PHOTOGRAPHY (Can be formed)
iii. HAPPY - PHOTOGRAPHY (Can be formed)
iv. GRAB - PHOTOGRAPHY (Cannot be formed because B is missing)
Hence, the correct answer is “GRAB”

Answer Key

Chapter 5: Direction Sense Test

1. d

Jack is 10 m in the East from his starting point.

Hence, “10 m East” is the correct answer.

2. c

Distance = √(122 + 52)

= √(144 + 25)
= √169
= 13 m.
Hence, “13 m” is the correct answer.

3. d

Answer Key

Susan is 12 m in the East with respect to Rachel.

Hence, “12 m East” is the correct answer.

4. a

Nicole is facing in the north east direction.

Hence, “North-East” is the correct answer.

5. d

H is in the south east with respect to M.

Hence, “South-East” is the correct answer.

6. c

Answer Key

Pam is facing south and Mary is facing opposite to Pam.

So, Mary is facing north.
Hence, “North” is the correct answer.

7. b

The shop is in the east of the bus stop 7 km away.

Hence, “7 km East” is the correct answer.

8. b

90° + 180° = 270° in the anticlockwise direction from West = North

9. a

Answer Key

Minimum distance = Displacement = √ (82 + 62) = √(64 + 36) = √100 = 10 km.

Hence, “10 km” is the correct answer.

10. c

R is in the south-west of S.

11. a

Minimum distance between S and P = √(102 + 242) = √(100 + 576) = √676 = 26 m.

12. b

Q is in the south-east of T.

Answer Key

13. a

VP = TV - TP
VP = 28 - 20
VP = 8 m

14. d

Distance between U and P is similar to the distance between S and Q.

Hence, UP = 10 m

15. c

U is in the north-east of R.

Answer Key

16. d

45° clockwise turn from south-east = South

So, the hospital is in the south.

90° anticlockwise from south-east = North-East
So, the shop is in the North-East
If Michael is presently facing the shop,
Then he needs to turn (45+90)° clockwise to face the hospital.
135° clockwise turn.

17. a
Minimum distance between H and E = √ (122 + 162) = √ (144 + 256) = √400 = 20 m.

18. c
F is in south-east of B.

19. b
The distance between BF and AF is same.
Only option b is correct as the sides of the triangle are similar.

And if we calculate the value of BF and AF using Pythagoras theorem, we will get the
value same.
√(102 + 142) = √(100 + 196) = √296 = 17.20 m.

Answer Key

20. c

Total distance between G and H = GE + CE + FC + FH

= 10 + 3 + 13 + 12 = 38
Since, he returns back from H to G = Total distance = 38 + 38 = 76 m

Chapter 6: Alphabet, Number, Alphanumeric Test and Logical

3. d
Series without numbers: V K U © H J Q @ % R T D M W I E P # A B F %
19th element from the right end = ©
10th to the right of © = W
Hence, “W” is the correct answer.

5. b
The logical order of conducting online classes as a teacher is as follows:
2. Switch on the device in which you will conduct the class
5. Turn on your video and audio
4. Admit the students into the class
3. Start sharing the screen and teach them
1. Complete the presentation, take attendance and leave the meeting.
Hence the correct answer is 2, 5, 4, 3, 1

Answer Key

6. a
The logical order of the taking a treatment from the doctor is as follows:
3. Feeling ill
5. Going to doctor
4. Explain the symptoms to the doctor
1. Diagnose the disease
2. Do the treatment
Hence the correct answer is 3, 5, 4, 1, 2

7. b
51151475128414786869030147952
There are two such number as:
2 is a factor of 8 and 8 is succeeded by 4 which is an even number.
1 is a factor of 2 and 2 is succeeded by 8 which is an even number.

8. d
Reverse order: 2 5 9 7 4 1 0 3 0 9 6 8 6 8 7 4 1 4 8 2 1 5 7 4 1 5 1 1 5
7th number from the left end = 0
8th to the right of 0 = 7
Hence,”7” is the correct answer.

9. a
51151475128414786869030147952
Hence,”01” is the correct answer.

10. c
51151475128414786869030147952
Number of 1s = 6
Number of 4s = 4
Sum = 10

11. d
51151475128414786869030147952
There are 7 such odd numbers. {Note: 0 is an even number}

12. b
The logical order of making clay pots is as follows:
4. Preparing clay
1. Centre clay on the potter's wheel
2. Create a shape
5. Cut piece off the hump with a string
3. Let the clay dry on ware board.
Hence the correct answer is 4, 1, 2, 5, 3.

Answer Key

13. d
The logical order of applying for a job and start working is as follows:
6. Apply for the job
2. Submit your resume
1. Attend the interview
3. Get the appointment letter
4. Work in probation period
5. Become a permanent employee
Hence the correct answer is 6, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5.

14. a
The logical order of fetching water from a borehole is as follows:
4. Hydro-geologists site the borehole
5. Drilling and Construction of borehole
3. Pumping and piping the borehole
1. Connection to the household
2. Water available in bathroom
Hence the correct answer is 4, 5, 3, 1, 2.

15. c
Reverse sequence: L W R A B C O J E V O H A J D E L P A T U Y E Q O H X U T
11th alphabet from the right end - A
4th to the right of P - E
Hence the correct answer is “E”.

16. a
New Sequence: T U Y E Q O H X U T A P L E D J A H O V E J O C B A R W L
8th alphabet from the right end = J
16th to the left of J = O
Hence the correct answer is “O”.

17. a
TUXHOQEYUTAPLEDJAHOVEJOCBARWL
There are 11 vowels.

18. b
The logical ascending order of these bodies according to their size is as follows:
6. States
3. Countries
5. Continent
2. Earth
1. Solar System
4. Galaxy
Hence the correct answer is 6, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4.

Answer Key

19. c
The logical order of the following body parts from top to bottom is as follows:
4. Neck
6. Shoulder
5. Ribs
2. Pelvic bone
1. Knee
3. Toe
Hence the correct answer is 4, 6, 5, 2, 1, 3.

20. d
The logical order of the making paper from wood is as follows:
1. Choose what kind of wood you want to use to make your paper
5. Break the wood down into small pieces using a wood plane
4. Place the wood pieces into a blender and add water to make a pulp
3. Add bleach to your pulp slurry to create white paper
6. Put the paper pulp into a baking pan
2. Remove the paper pulp from the baking pan and dry it to get your paper.
Hence the correct answer is 1, 5, 4, 3, 6, 2.

Chapter 7: Ranking and Time Sequence Test

1. c
1. Six boats took part in a race.
2. Boat R ﬁnished before Boat M but behind Boat G.
Boat G > Boat R > Boat M
3. Boat A ﬁnished before Boat S but behind Boat M.
Boat M > Boat A > Boat S
Combining (2) and (3), we get: Boat G > Boat R > Boat M > Boat A > Boat S
Boat F finished after Boat S
So, the sequence is: Boat G > Boat R > Boat M > Boat A > Boat S > Boat F
Hence, “Boat A” came fourth in the race.

2. b
The sequence is: Boat G > Boat R > Boat M > Boat A > Boat S > Boat F
Hence, “Boat R” came second in the race.

3. d
The sequence is: Boat G > Boat R > Boat M > Boat A > Boat S > Boat F
Hence, Boat F did not finish before Boat A.

4. a
The sequence is: Boat G > Boat R > Boat M > Boat A > Boat S > Boat F
The boat which takes the least time will be the first one to finish the race.
Hence, “Boat G” will take the least time to finish the race.

Answer Key

5. d
If 30th September 2010 was Monday, 1st October will be Tuesday.
8th October will also be Tuesday as there are 7 days in a week.
Therefore, Tuesday is the correct answer.

6. b
2024 is a leap year, therefore February will have 29 days.
March will have 31 days.
April will have 14 days.
Total = 29 + 31 + 14 = 74 days.

7. c
Total cars = 47 + 47 - 1 = 93

8. a
Total students = Position of Teddy from top + Students in the middle + Position of Bunny
from bottom
Students in the middle = Total students - Position of Teddy from top - Position of Bunny
from bottom
Students in the middle = 85 - 18 - 35 = 32
Hence, “32” is the correct answer.

9. d
The boy present in the middle of the row will have the same rank after reversal.
The position of the middle boy = (41 + 1) / 2 = 21
Hence, “21” is the correct answer.

10. b
C8 contains fewer pages than only two books → This means C8 has 3rd highest number
of pages.
S8 does not contain the least number of pages.
K8 contains fewer pages than H8 only. → This means H8 has the maximum number of
pages and K8 has the second highest number of pages.
E8 contains more pages than S8 but less than K8. → This means E8 is between S8 and
K8.
But it is given that: S8 does not contain the least number of pages.
So, the table formed as follows:
The maximum pages at the top:

Order Book Pages

1 H8
2 K8
3 C8
4 E8 32
5 S8
6 M8
Hence, “3” books have a greater number of pages than E8.

Answer Key

11. a
“H8” has the maximum number of pages.

12. d
Order Book Pages
1 H8
2 K8 47
3 C8
4 E8 32
5 S8
6 M8
Anything between 32 and 47 can be the possible number of pages for the book code C8.
Hence, “42” is the correct answer.

13. b
“M8” has the minimum number of pages.

14. b

Order Book Pages

1 H8
2 K8 64
3 C8
4 E8 32
5 S8
6 M8

Any number above 64 can be the possible number of pages for the book code H8.
Hence, “67” is the correct answer.

15. c
“S8” has the second least number of pages.

16. c
Two days before yesterday was Saturday, so yesterday will be Saturday + 2 = Monday
Today will be Monday + 1 = Tuesday
2 weeks = 14 days
Here we do not have any odd days.
Hence, 2 weeks after Tuesday will be Tuesday only.

Answer Key

12. d
Figures 1, 2 and 4 will form the square as shown in the following image:

Hence, option d is the correct answer.

13. c
Figures in 1, 2, 5 are closed curved figures.
Figures in 6, 8, 3 are callouts of different shapes.
Figures in 4, 7, 9 are arrows of different shapes.
Hence, option c is the correct answer

14. b

When placed together will look like:

15. c
As we move from the left to the right in a row, the number of intersecting elements
increases by one in column 2 and decreases by one in column 3, both compared to the
elements in column 1. Moreover, the figure in column 3 gets vertically inverted as well
Hence, option c is the correct answer.

16. d
Figures in 3, 1, 9 are pentagons.
Figures in 2, 6, 7 are hexagons.
Figures in 5, 4, 9 are quadrilaterals.
Hence, option d is the correct answer.

17. b
Figures 3, 2 and 5 will form the triangle as shown in the following image:

Hence, option b is the correct answer.

18. a
Figures in 1, 3, 9 have hearts present inside the bigger figure.
Figures in 2, 5, 7 have hearts present outside the bigger figure.
Figures in 6, 4, 8 do not have any hearts in it.
Hence, option a is the correct answer.

Answer Key

19. d
As we move down the column, from top to bottom, the element in row 1 is first coloured
black in row 2 and then horizontally inverted in row 3.
Therefore, the element in row 1 of column 1 will be the uncoloured figure similar to the
shape of the element in row 2 of the same column.
Hence, option d is the correct answer.

20. c
Figures in 1, 3, 5 have two intersecting figures.
Figures in 6, 8, 2 have only a single figure in it.
Figures in 4, 7, 9 have two figures in it which do not intersect with each other.
Hence, option c is the correct answer.

Chapter 9: Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical

Reasoning
1. c

2. a
There are 9 cubes in each floor.
There are 3 floors.
Therefore, total number of cubes = 9 × 3 = 27

3. b
In this case,

1 lies opposite to 6;
2 lies opposite to 4;
3 lies opposite to 5.
Comparing it to the given open dice:

K lies opposite to L;
B lies opposite to T;
W lies opposite to H.

Hence, “L” will lie opposite to K.

4. c

5. d
Only option d can be formed as in other options the opposite sides are lying adjacent to
each other.

Answer Key

6. a

7. a
The volume of the bigger cube = 64 cm3
So, volume of smaller cube = 8 cm3
Therefore, number of smaller cubes obtained = Volume of bigger cube / Volume of smaller
cube = 64 / 8 = 8
So, the cube formed will be as follows:

In this cube, all the smaller cubes are present at the vertices that means all of them will
have three sides painted.
So, there is no such cube which has only two sides painted.

8. c

Hence, total 17 circles are there.

9. a
4 bigger pentagons like:

Are present on all the four corners.

4 smaller pentagons like:

Are present on all the four corners.

Total = 8

Answer Key

10. c

11. d

Using figure (i) and (ii), we can understand that 1, 4, 3 and 5 are not opposite to 6
Therefore, we are left with only 1 option, i.e. 2

12. c
Let us assume that the volume of bigger cube = 1 cm3
So, volume of smaller cube = (1/3)3 × 1 cm3
Volume of smaller cube = 1/27 cm3
Therefore, number of smaller cubes obtained = Volume of bigger cube / Volume of smaller
cube = 1 / (1/27) = 27

These cubes will be the ones which will have only two sides painted.
There are 12 such cubes.

13. a

14. b
Cubes in Ground floor = 4 + 4 +4 = 12
Cubes in first floor = 3 + 2 = 5
Cubes in second floor = 2 + 1 = 3
Cube in third floor = 1
Total = 12 + 5 + 3 + 1 = 21

15. d

Answer Key

So, there are total 28 triangles in the figure.

16. a
The volume of the bigger cube = 216 cm3
So, volume of smaller cube = 8 cm3
Therefore, number of smaller cubes obtained = Volume of bigger cube
Volume of smaller cube = 216 / 8 = 27
So, the cube formed will be as follows:

There are 6 such cubes which are painted only on one side.

17. a

18. b

Using figures (i) and (iv),

We can understand that 4, 6, 1 and 3 are not opposite to 2.
Therefore, we are left with only 1 option, i.e. 5.
Hence, 2 and 5 are opposite to each other.

19. d

Using figures (i) and (iii),

We can understand that 3, 5, 2 and 6 are not opposite to 4.
Therefore, we are left with only 1 option, i.e. 1.
Hence, 4 and 1 are opposite to each other.

20. a

Answer Key

Chapter 10: Embedded Figures and Dot Situation

1. d
In question figure, the first dot lies in the region common to all the three figures, the
second dot lies in the region of diamond only and the third dot lies in the region of circle
only. Only option (d) consists of these types of regions.
Hence, “d” is the correct answer.

2. c
In figure (X), one of the dots lies in the region common to the hexagon and the rectangle,
the second dot lies in the region common to the triangle and the hexagon and the third dot
lies in the region of the rectangle. Only option (c) consists of these types of regions.

3. a

4. c

5. a
In figure (X), one of the dots lies in the region common to the triangle and the rectangle,
the second dot lies in the region common to the rectangle and the oval and the third dot
lies in the region of the rectangle. Only figure (a) consists of these types of regions.

6. a
In question figure, one of the dots lies in the region of square only, and the second dot lies
in the region common to square, triangle and circle. Only figure (a) consists of these types
of regions.
In the figure (b) and (d), the square is completely inside the other figures. And in figure (c),
triangle is not sharing a common area with star and circle.
Hence, only option (a) has all the types of figures required.
Hence, “a” is the correct answer.

7. b

8. d

Answer Key

9. b
In question figure, one of the dots lies in the region of pentagon only, and the second dot
lies in the region common to all the figures. Only figure (b) consists of these types of
regions

In the figure (a), pentagon is completely inside trapezium, in figure (c) and (d) the arrow is
not sharing a common region with other figures.
Hence, only figure (b) has all the types of figures required.
Hence, “b” is the correct answer.

10. c
In question figure, one of the dots lies in the region common to circle and rectangle only,
and the second dot lies in the region common to all the figures. Only figure (c) consists of
these types of regions.
In the figure (a) and (b), hexagon and rectangle are not sharing any common region.
In the figure (d), hexagon and rectangle are not sharing any common region with heart.
Hence, only figure (c) has all the types of figures required.
Hence, “c” is the correct answer.

11. d

12. b

13. c
In figure (X), one of the dots lies in the region common to the triangle and the circle, the
second dot lies in the region common to the arrow and the circle and the third dot lies in
the region common to the pentagon and the circle. Only figure (c) consists of these types
of regions.

14. d
In figure (X), one of the dots lies in the region common to the triangle, square and the
circle, the second dot lies in the region common to the square and the circle and the third
dot lies in the region of triangle. Only figure (d) consists of these types of regions.

15. a

Answer Key

16. a

17. d
In question figure, one of the dots lies in the region of parallelogram only, and the second
dot lies in the region common to arrow, pentagon and star. Only figure (d) consists of
these types of regions.
In the figure (a), (b) and (c), parallelogram is completely inside other figures.
Hence, only figure (d) has all the types of figures required.
Hence, “d” is the correct answer.

18. a
In question figure, one of the dots lies in the common region of triangle and diamond only,
and the second dot lies in the region common to arrow, rectangle and triangle. Only figure
(a) consists of these types of regions.
In the figure (b), rectangle and arrow do not share any common area.
In the figure (c), triangle and arrow do not share any common area.
In the figure (d), triangle and diamond do not share any common area.
Hence, only figure (a) has all the types of figures required.
Hence, “a” is the correct answer.

19. b

20. d

Chapter 11: Mirror and Water images

1. d

2. b

3. a

4. b

Answer Key

5. c

6. d

7. a

8. d

9. a

10. d

11. b

12. b

13. a

14. b

15. d

16. b

17. b

18. d

19. a

20. b

Chapter 12: Logical Venn Diagram

1. c
Gold is a metal.
All metals are elements.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,

Answer Key

2. b
Owl, Fox and Ant are not related to each other.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,

3. d
A person can be a friend, colleague and relative at the same time.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,

4. a
Elephant and Deer are types of Herbivores.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,

5. b
The required number will lie in the intersection of oval, arrow and square.

Hence, “7” is the correct answer.

Answer Key

6. c
The required number will lie in the region of oval only without any intersection of arrow and
square.
Hence, “3” is the correct answer.

7. c
The required set of alphabets will lie in the common area of pentagon, triangle and
trapezium without including the oval.
Hence, “E” is the correct answer.

8. b
The required alphabet will lie in the region of pentagon only without any intersection of
other figures.
Hence, “Y” is the correct answer.

9. a
The required alphabet will lie in the intersection region of triangle and trapezium only.
Such a common region is represented by “N”
A professor teaching no other subject other than English is represented by letter N.
Hence, “N” is the correct answer.

10. d
All spinach are leafy vegetables.
But potato is not related to spinach and leafy vegetables.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,

11. a
All mothers are women.
Some mothers and some women are dancers.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,
Women

Mother Dancer

Answer Key

12. a
Some mothers can be teachers.
Similarly, some fathers can be teachers.
But mothers and fathers don’t have any thing in common.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,
Teacher

Mother Father

13. c
Carbohydrate and Protein are types of nutrients.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,
Nutrient

Protein Carbohydrate

14. d
The required number will lie in the area lying in the hexagon without any intersection.

15. b
The required number will lie in the area of intersection of the hexagon and triangle only.
Hence, “1” is the correct answer.

Answer Key

16. a
The given alphabet is in the intersection of arrow, oval, rectangle and trapezium.

Hence, “A long soft brown blanket” is the correct answer.

17. d
The required alphabet should be present in the intersecting region of oval and arrow only.
But this common area lies inside the rectangle. This means the common area will be soft
also.
Hence, no such letter exists.

18. c
The required alphabet should be present in the intersecting region of oval, rectangle and
arrow only.
Only letter “C” is present in the required area.
Hence, “C” is the correct answer.

19. d
All candies are sweets.
But noodles are not related to sweets or candies.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,
Sweets

Candles Noodles

20. b
All tigers are mammals.
All mammals are animals.
The correct Venn diagram representation is,
Animal

Mammal
Tiger

Answer Key

Chapter 13: Mathematical Operations

1. a
After replacing 8 and 5:
96 + 24 ÷ 8 - 4 = 154 - 85 ÷ 5 - 42
96 + 3 - 4 = 154 - 17 - 42
99 - 4 = 137 - 42
95 = 95

2. d
After replacing:
= 85 + 95 - 96 + 78 - 21
= 180 - 96 + 78 - 21
= 84 + 78 - 21
= 162 - 21
= 141

3. b
Replacing option b:
23 + 36 × 14 = 527
23 + 504 = 527
527 = 527

4. b
The logic is:
15 (35) 3 = (15 × 3) - 10
= 45 - 10 = 35
Similarly,
8 (K) 16 = (8 × 16) - 10
= 128 - 10
= 118

5. c
Replacing the equation with “-“:
= 180 - 26 + 34 - 12 × 4
= 180 - 26 + 34 - 48
= 154 + 34 - 48
= 188 - 48
= 140

6. a
After replacing 6 and 3:
= 25 × 6 - 14 ÷ 7 × 3
= 150 - 14 ÷ 7 × 3
= 150 - 2 × 3
= 150 - 6
= 144

Answer Key

7. c
After replacing:
= 45 + 114 × ½ ÷ 19 - 3
= 45 + 57 ÷ 19 - 3
= 45 + 3 - 3
= 48 - 3
= 45

8. a
By decoding the information,

Addition (+) @

Subtraction
#
(-)

Multiplication
&
(×)

Division (/) $

100 × 5 + 20 - 50 / 10
Using BODMAS rule,
= 100 × 5 + 20 - (50 / 10)
= (100 × 5) + 20 - 5
= 500 + 20 - 5
= 515
Hence, “515” is the correct answer.

9. d
Given expression: 27 A 880 D 11 C 2 B 67
Expression after applying given replacements: 27 + 880 ÷ 11 × 2 - 67
= 27 + (880 ÷ 11) × 2 - 67
= 27 + (80 × 2) - 67
= 27 + 160 - 67
= 120
Hence, value of the given expression is 120.

10. b
Option a: (+ and -)
= 15 - (3 × 19) + (16 ÷ 4)
= 15 - (57 + 4)
= 15 – 61
= -46 ≠ 60
Option b: (× and +)
= (15 × 3) + 19 - (16 ÷ 4)
= 45 + 19 - 4

Answer Key

= 64 - 4
= 60
Option c: (÷ and ×)
= 15 + (3 ÷ 19) - (16 × 4)
= 15 + 0.15 - 64
= - 48.85 ≠ 60
Option d: (+ and ÷)
= (15 ÷ 3) × 19 - 16 + 4
= (5 × 19) - 16 + 4
= 95 - 16 + 4
= 95 - 20
= 75 ≠ 60
Hence the answer is × and +.

11. a
The logic is:
22 (1) 7 = 22/7 = 1 as the remainder
18 (7) 11 = 18/11 = 7 as the remainder
Similarly,
89 (S) 17 = 89/17 = 4 as the remainder

12. d
44 P 2 R 9 R 2 P 4
After replacing:
= 44 ÷ 2 × 9 × 2 ÷ 4
= 22 × 9 × 2 ÷ 4
= 198 × 2 ÷ 4
= 396 ÷ 4
= 99

13. c
The logic is:
13 # 16 = 13 × (16/2) = 104
12 # 18 = 12 × (18/2) = 108
Similarly,
18 # 14 = 18 × (14/2) = 126

14. d
After replacing:
= 62 + 52 + 93 ÷ 3 × 6 - 4
= 62 + 52 + 31 × 6 - 4
= 62 + 52 + 186 - 4
= 114 + 186 - 4
= 300 - 4
= 296

Answer Key

15. b
After replacing:
= 36 - 96 ÷ 6 - 22
= 36 - 16 - 22
= 20 - 22
= -2

16. c
After replacing:
= 96 + 25 - 32 × 8 ÷ 2
= 96 + 25 - 256 ÷ 2
= 96 + 25 - 128
= 121 - 128
= -7

17. a

18. c
The logic is:
36 P 8 = (36/2) - (8×2) = 18 - 16 = 2
42 P 4 = (42/2) - (4×2) = 21 - 8 = 13
Similarly,
26 P 5 = (26/2) - (5×2) = 13 - 10 = 3

19. b
After replacing 15 and 9:
25 × 9 - 15 + 36 ÷ 12 = 213
225 - 15 + 36 ÷ 12 = 213
225 - 15 + 3 = 213
210 + 3 = 213
213 = 213

20. d
After replacing with “÷”
228 - 19 × 10 ÷ 20 + 36 = 254.5
228 - 190 ÷ 20 + 36 = 254.5
228 - 9.5 + 36 = 254.5
218.5 + 36 = 254.5
254.5 = 254.5

Previous Year Paper

1. b 2. c 3. b 4. b 5. d 6. b 7. b 8. d 9. c 10. b
11. d 12. c 13. c 14. d 15. a 16. b 17. c 18. d 19. c 20. d
21. a 22. b 23. c 24. b 25. c 26. b 27. c 28. c 29. d 30. c
31. a 32. d 33. c 34. a 35. c 36. d 37. a 38. d 39. b 40. c
41. c 42. c 43. a 44. c 45. a 46. a 47. d 48. c 49. a 50. c

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CREST Reasoning 8 Workbook Final

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CREST Reasoning 8 Workbook Final

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Contents

1. Series Completion and Inserting the Missing Character ....................................................... 5

2. Analogy and Classification ................................................................................................. 12

3. Blood Relations ................................................................................................................. 18

4. Coding and Decoding ........................................................................................................ 24

5. Direction Sense Test ......................................................................................................... 30

6. Alphabet, Number, Alphanumeric Test and Logical Sequence of Words ........................... 38

7. Ranking and Time Sequence Test ..................................................................................... 44

8. Figure Formation, Construction of Squares, Grouping of Identical Figures and

9. Paper Folding, Paper Cutting, Cubes-Dice and Analytical Reasoning................................ 60

10. Embedded Figures and Dot Situations............................................................................... 69

11. Mirror and Water Images ................................................................................................... 80

12. Logical Venn Diagram ....................................................................................................... 92

13. Mathematical Operations ................................................................................................... 99

14. Previous Year Paper (2021-22) ....................................................................................... 104

15. Answer Key ..................................................................................................................... 116

This rotation continues in every alternate step.

Hence, option (a) is the next image in the series.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 5 www.crestolympiads.com

TDE, RGG, PJI, ? , LPM

The logic followed here is as follows:

Therefore, “NMK” is the missing term.

Example 3: Which number would replace question mark in the series?

Missing number = 19 + 9 = 28.

Hence, the answer is (b).

b cab bc ab bca ______ bca

We can observe that pattern bcab is repeated.

Hence, option (a) is correct.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 6 www.crestolympiads.com

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 7 www.crestolympiads.com

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 8 www.crestolympiads.com

11. Find the missing term in the matrix given below:

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 9 www.crestolympiads.com

16. Find the missing term in the matrix given below:

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_______aba ______ ba ______ ab

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Example 1: Complete the following analogy pair:

‘Alert' is the synonym of 'Vigilant'. Similarly, the synonym of 'Viable' is ‘Feasible’.

Hence, the correct answer is (d).

(14, 26, 224)

a. (10, 28, 188) b. (16, 30, 218)

Similarly, (12, 24, 168) = 24 - 10 = 14 and 14 × 12 = 168

Hence, the correct answer is (12, 24, 168).

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 12 www.crestolympiads.com

The pattern followed here is:

Therefore, only “CY” does not follow the above pattern.

Hence, “CY” is odd among them.

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a. (29, 271, 9) b. (17, 113, 9)

a. (216, 20, 14) b. (116, 10, 6)

5. “Toad” is related to “Amphibian” in the same way as “Porcupine” is related to

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11. Select the related figure from the given alternatives:

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a. Neymar Jr. b. Mike Tyson

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S. No Relationship Commonly Used Terms

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Symbol in Diagram Meaning

Possible tree diagram will be:

Hence, Pam is the grandmother of Genny.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 19 www.crestolympiads.com

‘P + K’ means ‘P is the father of K’

As per the information given above, what does M % N × O mean?

a. M is the grandfather of N and O b. N is the grandson of M and O

Using the statement: M % N × O

M % N means M is the grandfather of N

N × O means N is the sister of O

Now draw family tree using following notations:

Thus, M is the grandfather of N and O.

Copyright© CREST Olympiads 20 www.crestolympiads.com

If ‘P + Q’ means that P is the mother of Q,

2. As per the information given above, in “Y × N + B”, how are Y related to B?

a. F-P and G-J b. G-P and F-J

_aba ba __ ab