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Operating Systems Part 2

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Operating Systems Part 2

Uploaded by

eonatan.33
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© © All Rights Reserved
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GROUP

4
CENT OS
Cent OS short for Community Enterprise operating System This Linux
distribution provides a free, open-source, community-supported
platform and is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) sources. Its
objective is to provide a reliable and dependable operating system to
users that require enterprise-level capabilities without forcing them to
pay the high cost of proprietary alternatives.
CENT OS VERSIONS

Many CentOS versions were published CentOS 4, CentOS 5, CentOS 6,


CentOS 7, and CentOs 8. But most well-known of which are CentOS 7 and
CentOS 8. However, it's important to keep in mind that Red Hat declared a
shift in their CentOS plan towards the end of 2020, which affected the
traditional CentOS releases. Consequently, there were significant changes
made to CentOS.
CENTOS 4 (RELEASED: 2005)

Based on: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4

Key Features:

Kernel 2.6 series


SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux) for enhanced security
LVM (Logical Volume Manager) for flexible disk management
GNOME and KDE desktop environments
Support for x86, x86_64, and later, IA-64 architectures
CENTOS 5 (RELEASED: 2007)

Based on: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5

Key Features:

Kernel 2.6.18 series


Virtualization support via Xen hypervisor
Improved SELinux capabilities
Yum package manager enhancements
Ext3 filesystem with enhancements
Support for additional architectures like PowerPC
CENTOS 6 (RELEASED: 2011)
Based on: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

Key Features:

Kernel 2.6.32 series


Upstart init system
KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) for virtualization
Ext4 filesystem
NetworkManager for improved network management
Increased scalability and performance improvements
CENTOS 7 (RELEASED: 2014)

Based on: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7


Key Features:
Kernel 3.10 series
Systemd replaced Upstart as the init system
XFS as the default filesystem
Docker support for containerization
Enhanced networking with firewalld and NetworkManager
Gnome 3 as the default desktop environment
CENTOS 8 (RELEASED: 2019)

Based on: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8


Key Features:
Kernel 4.18 series
Introduction of DNF (Dandified Yum) as the default package manager
Podman and Buildah for managing containers
AppStream repository for modular content
Improved security features like OpenSSL 1.1.1
Cockpit for web-based management
CENTOS STREAM (INTRODUCED: 2019 FOR CENTOS 8)

Key Features:
A rolling-release distribution that sits between Fedora and RHEL
Acts as a preview of the next RHEL minor release
Receives continuous updates, offering a more up-to-date environment
Geared towards developers and contributors
CENTOS 9 STREAM (ONGOING SINCE 2021)

Based on: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9


Key Features:
Kernel 5.x series
Continues the rolling-release model of CentOS Stream
Aimed to provide a mid-stream between Fedora Rawhide and RHEL
Incorporates the latest tools and technologies for development and
deployment
Focus on cloud and container workloads
Features
Stability
CentOS uses stable software versions since the release cycle is
longer. Therefore, applications don’t need to be updated as often.

Security Updates
CentOS is regularly updated to protect against known vulnerabilities
and threats, ensuring the security of server environments.

Panel options.
CentOS users have various options of management platforms,
including cPanel, Plesk, WebMin, Spacewalk, CWP, Virtualmin, and
VestaCP.

Robust Package Management


CentOS is a robust operating system that enables users to
effortlessly install, update, and remove software packages.
Command Line Interface (CLI):
The command-line interface is highly favored by
experienced administrators due to its efficiency and
flexibility in system management.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
The graphical user interface simplifies point-and-click
navigation, file management, application installation,
configuration, and other tasks for users who prefer point-
and-click interactions.
System Monitoring and Performance Tools:
Top, sar, and Htop are command-line utilities providing real-time system metrics, while Sar
collects and analyzes performance data, while Htop offers a user-friendly interface.

System Administration Utilities:


Systemd, Firewalld, and SELinux are essential components in CentOS, providing system
processes, service management, and security control, respectively, and are part of the
Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) system.

Networking:
The iproute2 suite offers networking utilities for managing network interfaces, routing tables,
and traffic control settings, while Net-tools includes traditional utilities for network
configuration and troubleshooting.

SSH (Secure Shell):


CentOS includes OpenSSH, a secure networking utility that enables encrypted communication
over a network for remote login and command execution.
Trivia
A few years ago, the CentOS project decided to discontinue CentOS Linux. This means that
the current users will need to migrate their systems to a different path such as CentOS
Stream, Ubuntu, or Debian. The CentOS community will continue collaborating on other open-
source Linux distributions as part of the CentOS Stream project.

“If you are using CentOS Linux, note that: As of January 1, 2020, CentOS 8 users no longer
receive software maintenance or technical support, such as bug fixes or feature updates. As
of July 1, 2024, CentOS 7 users will no longer receive software maintenance or technical
support, such as bug fixes or feature updates.”
END OF SLIDES

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